Intheautumnof1860，andtheearlypartof1861，myfatherhadagooddealofcorrespondencewithProfessorAsaGrayonasubjecttowhichreferencehasalreadybeenmade——thepublicationintheformofapamphlet，ofProfessorGray’sthreearticlesintheJuly，August，andOctobernumbersofthe’AtlanticMonthly，’1860。ThepamphletwaspublishedbyMessrs。
Trubner，withreferencetowhommyfatherwrote，"Messrs。Trubnerhavebeenmostliberalandkind，andsaytheyshallmakenochargeforalltheirtrouble。Ihavesettledaboutafewadvertisements，andtheywillgratuitouslyinsertoneintheirownperiodicals。"
ThereaderwillfindthesearticlesrepublishedinDr。Gray’s’Darwiniana，’
page87，underthetitle"NaturalSelectionnotinconsistentwithNaturalTheology。"Thepamphletfoundmanyadmirersamongthosemostcapableofjudgingofitsmerits，andmyfatherbelievedthatitwasofmuchvalueinlesseningopposition，andmakingconvertstoEvolution。Hishighopinionofitisshownnotonlyinhisletters，butbythefactthatheinsertedaspecialnoticeofitinamostprominentplaceinthethirdeditionofthe’Origin。’Lyell，amongothers，recogniseditsvalueasanantidotetothekindofcriticismfromwhichthecauseofEvolutionsuffered。ThusmyfatherwrotetoDr。Gray:——"Justtoexemplifytheuseofyourpamphlet，theBishopofLondonwasaskingLyellwhathethoughtofthereviewinthe’Quarterly，’andLyellanswered，’ReadAsaGrayinthe’Atlantic。’"。ItcomesoutveryclearlythatinthecaseofsuchpublicationsasDr。Gray’s，myfatherdidnotrejoiceoverthesuccessofhisspecialviewofEvolution，viz。thatmodificationismainlyduetoNaturalSelection;onthecontrary，hefeltstronglythatthereallyimportantpointwasthatthedoctrineofDescentshouldbeaccepted。ThushewrotetoProfessorGray（May11，1863），withreferencetoLyell’s’AntiquityofMan’:——
"YouspeakofLyellasajudge;nowwhatIcomplainofisthathedeclinestobeajudge……IhavesometimesalmostwishedthatLyellhadpronouncedagainstme。WhenIsay’me，’IonlymeanCHANGEOFSPECIESBYDESCENT。
Thatseemstometheturning—point。Personally，ofcourse，IcaremuchaboutNaturalSelection;butthatseemstomeutterlyunimportant，comparedtothequestionofCreationORModification。"]
CHARLESDARWINTOASAGRAY。
Down，April11[1861]。
MydearGray，Iwasverygladtogetyourphotograph:Iamexpectingmine，whichIwillsendoffassoonasitcomes。Itisanuglyaffair，andIfearthefaultdoesnotliewiththephotographer……Sincewritinglast，IhavehadseverallettersfullofthehighestcommendationofyourEssay;allagreethatitisbyfarthebestthingwritten，andIdonotdoubtithasdonethe’Origin’muchgood。Ihavenotyetheardhowithassold。Youwillhaveseenareviewinthe"Gardeners’Chronicle"。PoordearHenslow，towhomI
owemuch，isdying，andHookeriswithhim。ManythanksfortwosetsofsheetsofyourProceedings。IcannotunderstandwhatAgassizisdrivingat。Youoncespoke，Ithink，ofProfessorBowenasaverycleverman。I
shouldhavethoughthimasingularlyunobservantmanfromhiswritings。Henevercanhaveseenmuchofanimals，orhewouldhaveseenthedifferenceofoldandwisedogsandyoungones。Hispaperabouthereditarinessbeatseverything。TellabreederthathemightpickouthisworstINDIVIDUAL
animalsandbreedfromthem，andhopetowinaprize，andhewouldthinkyou……insane。
[ProfessorHenslowdiedonMay16，1861，fromacomplicationofbronchitis，congestionofthelungs，andenlargementoftheheart。Hisstrongconstitutionwasslowingivingway，andhelingeredforweeksinapainfulconditionofweakness，knowingthathisendwasnear，andlookingatdeathwithfearlesseyes。InMr。Blomefield’s（Jenyns）’MemoirofHenslow’
（1862）isadignifiedandtouchingdescriptionofProf。Sedgwick’sfarewellvisittohisoldfriend。Sedgwicksaidafterwardsthathehadneverseen"ahumanbeingwhosesoulwasnearerheaven。"
MyfatherwrotetoSirJ。D。HookeronhearingofHenslow’sdeath，"Ifullybelieveabettermanneverwalkedthisearth。"
HegavehisimpressionsofHenslow’scharacterinMr。Blomefield’s’Memoir。’InreferencetotheserecollectionshewrotetoSirJ。D。Hooker（May30，1861）:——
"ThismorningIwrotemyrecollectionsandimpressionsofcharacterofpoordearHenslowabouttheyear1830。Ilikedthejob，andsohavewrittenfourorfivepages，nowbeingcopied。Idonotsupposeyouwilluseall，ofcourseyoucanchopandchangeasmuchasyoulike。Ifmorethanasentenceisused，Ishouldliketoseeaproof—page，asInevercanwritedecentlytillIseeitinprint。Verylikelysomeofmyremarksmayappeartootrifling，butIthoughtitbesttogivemythoughtsastheyarose，foryouorJenynstouseasyouthinkfit。
"YouwillseethatIhaveexceededyourrequest，but，asIsaidwhenI
began，Itookpleasureinwritingmyimpressionofhisadmirablecharacter。"]
CHARLESDARWINTOASAGRAY。
Down，June5[1861]。
MydearGray，Ihavebeenratherextrabusy，sohavebeenslackinansweringyournoteofMay6th。Ihopeyouhavereceivedlongagothethirdeditionofthe’Origin。’……IhaveheardnothingfromTrubnerofthesaleofyourEssay，hencefearithasnotbeengreat;Iwrotetosayyoucouldsupplymore。I
sendacopytoSirJ。Herschel，andinhisneweditionofhis’PhysicalGeography’hehasanoteonthe’OriginofSpecies，’andagrees，toacertainlimitedextent，butputsinacautionondesign——muchlikeyours……Ihavebeenledtothinkmoreonthissubjectoflate，andgrievetosaythatIcometodiffermorefromyou。Itisnotthatdesignedvariationmakes，asitseemstome，mydeity"NaturalSelection"
superfluous，butratherfromstudying，lately，domesticvariation，andseeingwhatanenormousfieldofundesignedvariabilitythereisreadyfornaturalselectiontoappropriateforanypurposeusefultoeachcreature。
IthankyoumuchforsendingmeyourreviewofPhillips。（’LifeontheEarth，’1860。）Irememberoncetellingyoualotoftradeswhichyououghttohavefollowed，butnowIamconvincedthatyouareabornreviewer。ByJove，howwellandoftenyouhitthenailonthehead！YourankPhillips’sbookhigherthanIdo，orthanLyelldoes，whothinksitfearfullyretrograde。IamusedmyselfbyparodyingPhillips’sargumentasappliedtodomesticvariation;andyoumightthusprovethattheduckorpigeonhasnotvariedbecausethegoosehasnot，thoughmoreancientlydomesticated，andnogoodreasoncanbeassignedwhyithasnotproducedmanyvarieties……
Ineverknewthenewspaperssoprofoundlyinteresting。NorthAmericadoesnotdoEnglandjustice;IhavenotseenorheardofasoulwhoisnotwiththeNorth。Somefew，andIamoneofthem，evenwishtoGod，thoughatthelossofmillionsoflives，thattheNorthwouldproclaimacrusadeagainstslavery。Inthelong—run，amillionhorriddeathswouldbeamplyrepaidinthecauseofhumanity。Whatwonderfultimeswelivein！Massachusettsseemstoshownobleenthusiasm。GreatGod！HowIshouldliketoseethegreatestcurseonearth——slavery——abolished！
Farewell。HookerhasbeenabsorbedwithpoordearreveredHenslow’saffairs。Farewell。
Everyours，C。DARWIN。
HUGHFALCONERTOCHARLESDARWIN。
31SackvilleSt。，W。，June23，1861。
MydearDarwin，IhavebeentoAdelsbergcaveandbroughtbackwithmealiveProteusanguinus，designedforyoufromthemomentIgotit;i。e。ifyouhavegotanaquariumandwouldcaretohaveit。Ionlyreturnedlastnightfromthecontinent，andhearingfromyourbrotherthatyouareabouttogotoTorquay，Ilosenotimeinmakingyoutheoffer。Thepoordearanimalisstillalive——althoughithashadnoappreciablemeansofsustenanceforamonth——andIammostanxioustogetridoftheresponsibilityofstarvingitlonger。InyourhandsitwillthriveandhaveafairchanceofbeingdevelopedwithoutdelayintosometypeoftheColumbidae——sayaPouteroraTumbler。
MydearDarwin，IhavebeenramblingthroughthenorthofItaly，andGermanylately。EverywherehaveIheardyourviewsandyouradmirableessaycanvassed——theviewsofcourseoftendissentedfrom，accordingtothespecialbiasofthespeaker——butthework，itshonestyofpurpose，grandeurofconception，felicityofillustration，andcourageousexposition，alwaysreferredtointermsofthehighestadmiration。AndamongyourwarmestfriendsnoonerejoicedmoreheartilyinthejustappreciationofCharlesDarwinthandidYoursverytruly，H。FALCONER。
CHARLESDARWINTOHUGHFALCONER。
Down[June24，1861]。
MydearFalconer，Ihavejustreceivedyournote，andbygoodluckadayearlierthanproperly，andIlosenotamomentinansweringyou，andthankingyouheartilyforyourofferofthevaluablespecimen;butIhavenoaquariumandshallsoonstartforTorquay，sothatitwouldbeathousandpitiesthatIshouldhaveit。YetIshouldcertainlymuchliketoseeit，butI
fearitisimpossible。WouldnottheZoologicalSocietybethebestplace？
andthentheinterestwhichmanywouldtakeinthisextraordinaryanimalwouldrepayyouforyourtrouble。
Kindasyouhavebeenintakingthistroubleandofferingmethisspecimen，totellthetruthIvalueyournotemorethanthespecimen。Ishallkeepyournoteamongstaveryfewpreciousletters。Yourkindnesshasquitetouchedme。
Yoursaffectionatelyandgratefully，CH。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
2HeskethCrescent，Torquay，July13[1861]……IhopeHarveyisbetter;Igothisreview（The’DublinHospitalGazette，’May15，1861。Thepassagereferredtoisatpage150。）ofmeadayortwoago，fromwhichIinferhemustbeconvalescent;it’sverygoodandfair;butitisfunnytoseeamanargueonthesuccessionofanimalsfromNoah’sDeluge;asGoddidnotthenwhollydestroyman，probablyhedidnotwhollydestroytheracesofotheranimalsateachgeologicalperiod！I
neverexpectedtohaveahelpinghandfromtheOldTestament……
CHARLESDARWINTOC。LYELL。
2，HeskethCrescent，Torquay，July20[1861]。
MydearLyell，Isentyoutwoorthreedaysagoaduplicateofagoodreviewofthe’Origin’byaMr。Maw（Mr。GeorgeMaw，ofBenthallHall。Thereviewwaspublishedinthe’Zoologist，’July，1861。Onthebackofmyfather’scopyiswritten，"Mustbeconsultedbeforenewedit。of’Origin’"——wordswhicharewantingonmanymorepretentiousnotices，onwhichfrequentlyoccurmyfather’sbriefo/—，or"nothingnew。"），evidentlyathoughtfulman，asI
thoughtyoumightliketohaveit，asyouhavesomany……
Thisisquiteacharmingplace，andIhaveactuallywalked，Ibelieve，goodtwomilesoutandback，whichisagrandfeat。
IsawMr。Pengelly（WilliamPengelly，thegeologist，andwell—knownexploreroftheDevonshirecaves。）theotherday，andwaspleasedathisenthusiasm。IdonotintheleastknowwhetheryouareinLondon。Yourillnessmusthavelostyoumuchtime，butIhopeyouhavenearlygotyourgreatjoboftheneweditionfinished。Youmustbeverybusy，ifinLondon，soIwillbegenerous，andonhonourbrightdonotexpectanyanswertothisdulllittlenote……
CHARLESDARWINTOASAGRAY。
Down，September17[1861？]。
MydearGray，Ithankyousincerelyforyourverylongandinterestingletter，politicalandscientific，ofAugust27thand29th，andSeptember2ndreceivedthismorning。Iagreewithmuchofwhatyousay，andIhopetoGodweEnglishareutterlywrongindoubting（1）whethertheN。canconquertheS。;（2）
whethertheN。hasmanyfriendsintheSouth，and（3）whetheryounoblemenofMassachusettsarerightintransferringyourowngoodfeelingstothemenofWashington。AgainIsayIhopetoGodwearewrongindoubtingonthesepoints。Itisnumber（3）whichalonecausesEnglandnottobeenthusiasticwithyou。WhatitmaybeinLancashireIknownot，butinS。
Englandcottonhasnothingwhatevertodowithourdoubts。Ifabolitiondoesfollowwithyourvictory，thewholeworldwilllookbrighterinmyeyes，andinmanyeyes。ItwouldbeagreatgaineventostopthespreadofslaveryintotheTerritories;ifthatbepossiblewithoutabolition，whichIshouldhavedoubted。YououghtnottowondersomuchatEngland’scoldness，whenyourecollectatthecommencementofthewarhowmanypropositionsweremadetogetthingsbacktotheoldstatewiththeoldlineoflatitude，butenoughofthis，allIcansayisthatMassachusettsandtheadjoiningStateshavethefullsympathyofeverygoodmanwhomI
see;andthissympathywouldbeextendedtothewholeFederalStates，ifwecouldbepersuadedthatyourfeelingswereatallcommontothem。Butenoughofthis。Itisoutofmyline，thoughIreadeverywordofnews，andformerlywellstudiedOlmsted……
YourquestionwhatwouldconvincemeofDesignisaposer。IfIsawanangelcomedowntoteachusgood，andIwasconvincedfromothersseeinghimthatIwasnotmad，Ishouldbelieveindesign。IfIcouldbeconvincedthoroughlythatlifeandmindwasinanunknownwayafunctionofotherimponderableforce，Ishouldbeconvinced。Ifmanwasmadeofbrassorironandnowayconnectedwithanyotherorganismwhichhadeverlived，Ishouldperhapsbeconvinced。Butthisischildishwriting。
IhavelatelybeencorrespondingwithLyell，who，Ithink，adoptsyourideaofthestreamofvariationhavingbeenledordesigned。Ihaveaskedhim（andhesayshewillhereafterreflectandanswerme）whetherhebelievesthattheshapeofmynosewasdesigned。IfhedoesIhavenothingmoretosay。Ifnot，seeingwhatFanciershavedonebyselectingindividualdifferencesinthenasalbonesofpigeons，Imustthinkthatitisillogicaltosupposethatthevariations，whichnaturalselectionpreservesforthegoodofanybeinghavebeendesigned。ButIknowthatIaminthesamesortofmuddle（asIhavesaidbefore）asalltheworldseemstobeinwithrespecttofreewill，yetwitheverythingsupposedtohavebeenforeseenorpre—ordained。
Farewell，mydearGray，withmanythanksforyourinterestingletter。
Yourunmercifulcorrespondent。
C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOH。W。BATES。
Down，December3[1861]。
MydearSir，Ithankyouforyourextremelyinterestingletter，andvaluablereferences，thoughGodknowswhenIshallcomeagaintothispartofmysubject。Onecannotofcoursejudgeofstylewhenonemerelyhearsapaper（OnMimeticButterflies，readbeforetheLinneanSoc。，November21，1861。Formyfather’sopinionofitwhenpublished，seebelow。），butyoursseemedtomeveryclearandgood。BelievemethatIestimateitsvaluemosthighly。
Underageneralpointofview，Iamquiteconvinced（HookerandHuxleytookthesameviewsomemonthsago）thataphilosophicviewofnaturecansolelybedrivenintonaturalistsbytreatingspecialsubjectsasyouhavedone。
Underaspecialpointofview，Ithinkyouhavesolvedoneofthemostperplexingproblemswhichcouldbegiventosolve。IamgladtohearfromHookerthattheLinneanSocietywillgiveplatesifyoucangetdrawings……
Donotcomplainofwantofadviceduringyourtravels;Idaresaypartofyourgreatoriginalityofviewsmaybeduetothenecessityofself—
exertionofthought。IcanunderstandthatyourreceptionattheBritishMuseumwoulddampyou;theyareaverygoodsetofmen，butnotthesorttoappreciateyourwork。InfactIhavelongthoughtthatTOOMUCHsystematicwork[and]descriptionsomehowbluntsthefaculties。Thegeneralpublicappreciatesagooddoseofreasoning，orgeneralisation，withnewandcuriousremarksonhabits，finalcauses，etc。etc。，farmorethandotheregularnaturalists。
Iamextremelygladtohearthatyouhavebegunyourtravels……Iamverybusy，butIshallbeTRULYgladtorenderanyaidwhichIcanbyreadingyourfirstchapterortwo。IdonotthinkIshallbeabletocorrectstyle，forthisreason，thatafterrepeatedtrialsIfindIcannotcorrectmyownstyletillIseetheMS。intype。Somearebornwithapowerofgoodwriting，likeWallace;otherslikemyselfandLyellhavetolabourveryhardandslowlyateverysentence。Ifinditaverygoodplan，whenI
cannotgetadifficultdiscussiontopleaseme，tofancythatsomeonecomesintotheroomandasksmewhatIamdoing;andthentryatonceandexplaintotheimaginarypersonwhatitisallabout。Ihavedonethisforoneparagraphtomyselfseveraltimes，andsometimestoMrs。Darwin，tillI
seehowthesubjectoughttogo。Itis，Ithink，goodtoreadone’sMS。
aloud。Butstyletomeisagreatdifficulty;yetsomegoodjudgesthinkI
havesucceeded，andIsaythistoencourageyou。
WhatITHINKIcandowillbetotellyouwhetherpartshadbetterbeshortened。Itisgood，Ithink，todash"inmediares，"andworkinlateranydescriptionsofcountryoranyhistoricaldetailswhichmaybenecessary。Murraylikeslotsofwood—cuts——givesomebyallmeansofants。
Thepublicappreciatemonkeys——ourpoorcousins。Whatsexualdifferencesarethereinmonkeys？Haveyoukeptthemtame？ifso，abouttheirexpression。Ifearthatyouwillhardlyreadmyvilehand—writing，butI
cannotwithoutkillingtroublewritebetter。
YoushallhavemycandidopiniononyourMS。，butrememberitishardtojudgefromMS。，onereadsslowly，andheavypartsseemmuchheavier。A
first—ratejudgethoughtmyJournalverypoor;nowthatitisinprint，I
happentoknow，helikesit。IamsureyouwillunderstandwhyIamsoegotistical。
IwasaLITTLEdisappointedinWallace’sbook（’TravelsontheAmazonandRioNegro，’1853。）ontheAmazon;hardlyfactsenough。Ontheotherhand，inGosse’sbook（Probablythe’Naturalist’sSojourninJamaica，’1851。）
thereisnotreasoningenoughtomytaste。Heavenknowswhetheryouwillcaretoreadallthisscribbling……
IamgladyouhadapleasantdaywithHooker（InalettertoSirJ。D。
Hooker（December1861），myfatherwrote:"IamverygladtohearthatyoulikeBates。Ihaveseldominmylifebeenmorestruckwithaman’spowerofmind。"），heisanadmirablygoodmanineverysense。
[ThefollowingextractfromalettertoMr。Batesonthesamesubjectisinterestingasgivinganideaoftheplanfollowedbymyfatherinwritinghis’Naturalist’sVoyage:’
"Asanoldhackneyedauthor，letmegiveyouabitofadvice，viz。tostrikeouteverywordwhichisnotquitenecessarytothecurrentsubject，andwhichcouldnotinterestastranger。Iconstantlyaskedmyself，wouldastrangercareforthis？andstruckoutorleftinaccordingly。Ithinktoomuchpainscannotbetakeninmakingthestyletransparentlyclearandthrowingeloquencetothedogs。"
Mr。Bates’sbook，’TheNaturalistontheAmazons，’waspublishedin1865，butthefollowinglettermaybegivenhereratherthaninitsduechronologicalposition:]
CHARLESDARWINTOH。W。BATES。
Down，April18，1863。
DearBates，Ihavefinishedvolumei。Mycriticismsmaybecondensedintoasinglesentence，namely，thatitisthebestworkofNaturalHistoryTravelseverpublishedinEngland。Yourstyleseemstomeadmirable。Nothingcanbebetterthanthediscussiononthestruggleforexistence，andnothingbetterthanthedescriptionoftheForestscenery。（InalettertoLyellmyfatherwrote:"He[i。e。Mr。Bates]issecondonlytoHumboldtindescribingatropicalforest。"）Itisagrandbook，andwhetherornotitsellsquickly，itwilllast。YouhavespokenoutboldlyonSpecies;andboldnessonthesubjectseemstogetrarerandrarer。Howbeautifullyillustrateditis。Thecutonthebackismosttasteful。Iheartilycongratulateyouonitspublication。
The"Athenaeum"（"IhavereadthefirstvolumeofBates’sBook;itiscapital，andIthinkthebestNaturalHistoryTravelseverpublishedinEngland。HeisboldaboutSpecies，etc。，andthe"Athenaeum"coollysays’hebendshisfacts’forthispurpose。"——（FromalettertoSirJ。D。
Hooker。））wasrathercold，asitalwaysis，andinsolentinthehighestdegreeaboutyourleadingfacts。Haveyouseenthe"Reader"？Icansendittoyouifyouhavenotseenit……
CHARLESDARWINTOASAGRAY。
Down，December11[1861]。
MydearGray，Manyandcordialthanksforyourtwolastmostvaluablenotes。Whatathingitisthatwhenyoureceivethiswemaybeatwar，andwetwobebound，asgoodpatriots，tohateeachother，thoughIshallfindthishatingyouveryhardwork。Howcuriousitistoseetwocountries，justliketwoangryandsillymen，takingsooppositeaviewofthesametransaction！IfearthereisnoshadowofdoubtweshallfightifthetwoSouthernroguesarenotgivenup。（TheConfederateCommissionersSlidellandMasonwereforciblyremovedfromthe"Trent"，aWestIndiamailsteameronNovember8，1861。ThenewsthattheU。S。agreedtoreleasethemreachedEnglandonJanuary8，1862。）Andwhatawretchedthingitwillbeifwefightonthesideofslavery。Nodoubtitwillbesaidthatwefighttogetcotton;butIfullybelievethatthishasnotenteredintothemotiveintheleast。Well，thankHeaven，weprivateindividualshavenothingtodowithsoawfularesponsibility。Again，howcuriousitisthatyouseemtothinkthatyoucanconquertheSouth;andInevermeetasoul，eventhosewhowouldmostwishit，whothinksitpossible——thatis，toconquerandretainit。Idonotsupposethemassofpeopleinyourcountrywillbelieveit，butIfeelsureifwedogotowaritwillbewiththeutmostreluctancebyallclasses，MinistersofGovernmentandall。Timewillshow，anditisnousewritingorthinkingaboutit。IcalledtheotherdayonDr。Boott，andwaspleasedtofindhimprettywellandcheerful。I
see，bytheway，hetakesquiteanEnglishopinionofAmericanaffairs，thoughanAmericaninheart。（Dr。BoottwasbornintheU。S。）Bucklemightwriteachapteronopinionbeingentirelydependentonlongitude！……WithrespecttoDesign，Ifeelmoreinclinedtoshowawhiteflagthantofiremyusuallong—rangeshot。Iliketotryandaskyouapuzzlingquestion，butwhenyoureturnthecomplimentIhavegreatdoubtswhetheritisafairwayofarguing。Ifanythingisdesigned，certainlymanmustbe:
one’s"innerconsciousness"（thoughafalseguide）tellsoneso;yetI
cannotadmitthatman’srudimentarymammae……weredesigned。IfIwastosayIbelievedthis，IshouldbelieveitinthesameincrediblemannerastheorthodoxbelievetheTrinityinUnity。Yousaythatyouareinahaze;
Iaminthickmud;theorthodoxwouldsayinfetid，abominablemud;yetI
cannotkeepoutofthequestion。MydearGray，Ihavewrittenadealofnonsense。
Yoursmostcordially，C。DARWIN。
1862。
[Owingtotheillnessfromscarletfeverofoneofhisboys，hetookahouseatBournemouthintheautumn。HewrotetoDr。GrayfromSouthampton（August21，1862）:——
"Weareawretchedfamily，andoughttobeexterminated。WesleptheretorestourpoorboyonhisjourneytoBournemouth，andmypoordearwifesickenedwithscarletfever，andhashaditprettysharply，butisrecoveringwell。Thereisnoendoftroubleinthiswearyworld。Ishallnotfeelsafetillweareallathometogether，andwhenthatwillbeI
knownot。Butitisfoolishcomplaining。"
Dr。Grayusedtosendpostagestampstothescarletfeverpatient;withregardtothisgood—natureddeedmyfatherwrote——
"Imustjustrecurtostamps;mylittlemanhascalculatedthathewillnowhave6stampswhichnootherboyintheschoolhas。Hereisatriumph。
Yourlastletterwasplaisteredwithmanycolouredstamps，andhelongsurveyedtheenvelopeinbedwithmuchquietsatisfaction。"
Thegreaternumberofthelettersof1862dealwiththeOrchidwork，butthewaveofconversiontoEvolutionwasstillspreading，andreviewsandlettersbearingonthesubjectstillcameinnumbers。AsanexampleoftheoddlettershereceivedmaybementionedonewhicharrivedinJanuaryofthisyear"fromaGermanhomoeopathicdoctor，anardentadmirerofthe’Origin。’Hadhimselfpublishednearlythesamesortofbook，butgoesmuchdeeper。Explainstheoriginofplantsandanimalsontheprinciplesofhomoeopathyorbythelawofspirality。BookfelldeadinGermany。
ThereforewouldItranslateitandpublishitinEngland。"]
CHARLESDARWINTOT。H。HUXLEY。
Down，[January？]14[1862]。
MydearHuxley，IamheartilygladofyoursuccessintheNorth（ThisreferstotwoofMr。
Huxley’slectures，givenbeforethePhilosophicalInstitutionofEdinburghin1862。Thesubstanceofthemisgivenin’Man’sPlaceinNature。’），andthankyouforyournoteandslip。ByJoveyouhaveattackedBigotryinitsstronghold。Ithoughtyouwouldhavebeenmobbed。IamsogladthatyouwillpublishyourLectures。Youseemtohavekeptaduemediumbetweenextremeboldnessandcaution。Iamheartilygladthatallwentoffsowell。IhopeMrs。Huxleyisprettywell……ImustsayonewordontheHybridquestion。Nodoubtyouarerightthathereisagreathiatusintheargument;yetIthinkyouoverrateit——youneveralludetotheexcellentevidenceofVARIETIESofVerbascumandNicotianabeingpartiallysteriletogether。Itiscurioustometoread（asIhaveto—day）thegreatestcrossingGARDENERutterlypooh—poohingthedistinctionwhichBOTANISTSmakeonthishead，andinsistinghowfrequentlycrossedVARIETIESproducesterileoffspring。DoobligemebyreadingthelatterhalfofmyPrimulapaperinthe’Linn。Journal，’foritleadsmetosuspectthatsterilitywillhereafterhavetobelargelyviewedasanacquiredorSELECTED
character——aviewwhichIwishIhadhadfactstomaintaininthe’Origin。’
（Theviewheregivenwillbediscussedinthechapteronhetero—styledplants。）
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
Down，January25[1862]。
MydearHooker，ManythanksforyourlastSunday’sletter，whichwasoneofthepleasantestIeverreceivedinmylife。Weareallprettywellredivivus，andIamatworkagain。IthoughtitbesttomakeacleanbreasttoAsaGray;andtoldhimthattheBostondinner，etc。etc。，hadquiteturnedmystomach，andthatIalmostthoughtitwouldbegoodforthepeaceoftheworldiftheUnitedStatesweresplitup;ontheotherhand，IsaidthatIgroanedtothinkoftheslave—holdersbeingtriumphant，andthatthedifficultiesofmakingalineofseparationwerefearful。Iwonderwhathewillsay……YournotionoftheAristocratbeingkenspeckle，andthebestmenofagoodlotbeingthuseasilyselectedisnewtome，andstriking。The’Origin’havingmadeyouinfactajollyoldTory，madeusalllaughheartily。Ihavesometimesspeculatedonthissubject;primogeniture（Myfatherhadastrongfeelingastotheinjusticeofprimogeniture，andinasimilarspiritwasoftenindignantovertheunfairwillsthatappearfromtimetotime。Hewoulddeclareenergeticallythatifhewerelaw—givernowillshouldbevalidthatwasnotpublishedinthetestator’slifetime;andthishemaintainedwouldpreventmuchofthemonstrousinjusticeandmeannessapparentinsomanywills。）isdreadfullyopposedtoselection;supposethefirst—bornbullwasnecessarilymadebyeachfarmerthebegetterofhisstock！Ontheotherhand，asyousay，ablestmenarecontinuallyraisedtothepeerage，andgetcrossedwiththeolderLord—breeds，andtheLordscontinuallyselectthemostbeautifulandcharmingwomenoutofthelowerranks;sothatagooddealofindirectselectionimprovestheLords。
CertainlyIagreewithyouthepresentAmericanrowhasaveryTorifyinginfluenceonusall。Iamverygladtohearyouarebeginningtoprintthe’Genera;’itisawonderfulsatisfactiontobethusbroughttobed，indeeditisone’schiefsatisfaction，Ithink，thoughoneknowsthatanotherbantlingwillsoonbedeveloping……
CHARLESDARWINTOMAXWELLMASTERS。（Dr。Mastersisawell—knownvegetableteratologist，andhasbeenformanyyearstheeditorofthe"Gardeners’
Chronicle"。）
Down，February26[1862]。
MydearSir，Iammuchobligedtoyouforsendingmeyourarticle（Referstoapaperon"VegetableMorphology，"byDr。Masters，inthe’BritishandForeignMedico—
ChirurgicalReview’for1862），whichIhavejustreadwithmuchinterest。
Thehistory，andagooddealbesides，wasquitenewtome。Itseemstomecapitallydone，andsoclearlywritten。Youreallyoughttowriteyourlargerwork。Youspeaktoogenerouslyofmybook;butImustconfessthatyouhavepleasedmenotalittle;fornoone，asfarasIknow，haseverremarkedonwhatIsayonclassification——apart，whichwhenIwroteit，pleasedme。Withmanythankstoyouforsendingmeyourarticle，praybelieveme，MydearSir，yourssincerely，C。DARWIN。
[Inthespringofthisyear（1862）myfatherreadthesecondvolumeofBuckle’s’HistoryofCivilisation。"Thefollowingstronglyexpressedopinionaboutitmaybeworthquoting:——
"HaveyoureadBuckle’ssecondvolume？Ithasinterestedmegreatly;Idonotcarewhetherhisviewsarerightorwrong，butIshouldthinktheycontainedmuchtruth。Thereisanobleloveofadvancementandtruththroughout;andtomytasteheistheverybestwriteroftheEnglishlanguagethateverlived，lettheotherbewhohemay。"]
CHARLESDARWINTOASAGRAY。
Down，March15[1862]。
MydearGray，Thanksforthenewspapers（thoughtheydidcontaindigsatEngland），andforyournoteofFebruary18th。Itisreallyalmostapleasuretoreceivestabsfromsosmooth，polished，andsharpadaggerasyourpen。IheartilywishIcouldsympathisemorefullywithyou，insteadofmerelyhatingtheSouth。Wecannotenterintoyourfeelings;ifScotlandweretorebel，I
presumeweshouldbeverywrath，butIdonotthinkweshouldcareapennywhatothernationsthought。Themillenniummustcomebeforenationsloveeachother;buttryanddonothateme。Thinkofme，ifyouwillasapoorblindedfool。IfearthedreadfulstateofaffairsmustdullyourinterestinScience……
IbelievethatyourpamphlethasdonemybookGREATgood;andIthankyoufrommyheartformyself;andbelievingthattheviewsareinlargeparttrue，Imustthinkthatyouhavedonenaturalscienceagoodturn。NaturalSelectionseemstobemakingalittleprogressinEnglandandontheContinent;anewGermaneditioniscalledfor，andaFrench（InJune，1862，myfatherwrotetoDr。Gray:"Ireceived，2or3daysago，aFrenchtranslationofthe’Origin，’byaMadlle。Royer，whomustbeoneofthecleverestandoddestwomeninEurope:isanardentDeist，andhatesChristianity，anddeclaresthatnaturalselectionandthestruggleforlifewillexplainallmorality，natureofman，politics，etc。etc。！Shemakessomeverycuriousandgoodhits，andsayssheshallpublishabookonthesesubjects。"Madlle。Royeraddedfoot—notestohertranslation，andinmanyplaceswheretheauthorexpressesgreatdoubt，sheexplainsthedifficulty，orpointsoutthatnorealdifficultyexists。）onehasjustappeared。Oneofthebestmen，thoughatpresentunknown，whohastakenuptheseviews，isMr。Bates;prayreadhis’TravelsinAmazonia，’whentheyappear;theywillbeverygood，judgingfromMS。ofthefirsttwochapters。