"Trytopreventhisdoingso,"Iadded,"evenbyviolence,butinthefirstplaceendeavourtopacifyhim。"
Nodoubtthecountwasafraid,forhecalledouttohisservantsandorderedthemtofetchthepriest,whetherhecouldcomeorno。Hisorderwasexecuted,andthepriestwasledin,foamingwithrage,cursingthecount,callinghimexcommunicatedwretch,whoseverybreathwaspoisonous;swearingthatneveranothermassshouldbesunginthechapelthathadbeenpollutedwithsacrilege,andfinallypromisingthatthearchbishopshouldavengehim。
Thecountlethimsayon,andthenforcedhimintoachair,andtheunworthyecclesiasticnotonlyatebutgotdrunk。Thuspeacewasconcluded,andtheabbeforgotallhiswrongs。
AfewdayslatertwoCapuchinscametovisithimatnoon。Theydidnotgo,andashedidnotcaretodismissthem,dinnerwasservedwithoutanyplacebeinglaidforthefriars。Thereuponthebolderofthetwoinformedthecountthathehadhadnodinner。Withoutreplying,thecounthadhimacommodatedwithaplatefulofrice。TheCapuchinrefusedit,sayingthathewasworthytosit,notonlyathistable,butatamonarch’s。Thecount,whohappenedtobeinagoodhumour,repliedthattheycalledthemselves"unworthybrethren,"andthattheywereconsequentlynotworthyofanyofthisworld’sgoodthings。
TheCapuchinmadebutapooranswer,andasIthoughtthecounttobeintherightIproccededtobackhimup,tellingthefriarheoughttobeashamedathavingcommittedthesinofpride,sostrictlycondemnedbytherulesofhisorder。
TheCapuchinansweredmewithatorrentofabuse,sothecountorderedapairofscissorstobebrought,thatthebeardsofthefilthyroguesmightbecutoff。Atthisawfulthreatthetwofriarsmadetheirescape,andwelaughedheartilyovertheincident。
Ifallthecount’seccentricitieshadbeenofthiscomparativelyharmlessandamusingnature,Ishouldnothaveminded,butsuchwasfarfrombeingthecase。
Insteadofchylehisorgansmusthavedistilledsomevirulentpoison;hewasalwaysathisworstinhisafterdinnerhours。Hisappetitewasfurious;heatemorelikeatigerthanaman。Onedaywehappenedtobeeatingwoodcock,andIcouldnothelppraisingthedishinthestyleofthetruegourmand。Heimmediatelytookuphisbird,toreitlimbfromlimb,andgravelybademenottopraisethedishesIlikedasitirritatedhim。Ifeltaninclinationtolaughandalsoaninclinationtothrowthebottleathishead,whichIshouldprobablyhaveindulgedinhadIbeentwentyyearsyounger。However,Ididneither,feelingthatIshouldeitherleavehimoraccommodatemyselftohishumours。
ThreemonthslaterMadameCosta,theactresswhomhehadgonetoseeatGorice,toldmethatshewouldneverhavebelievedinthepossibilityofsuchacreatureexistingifshehadnotknownCountTorriano。
"Thoughheisavigorouslover,"shecontinued,"itisamatterofgreatdifficultywithhimtoobtainthecrisis;andthewretchedwomaninhisarmsisinimminentdangerofbeingstrangledtodeathifshecannotconcealheramorousecstacy。Hecannotbeartoseeanother’spleasure。
Ipityhiswifemostheartily。"
Iwillnowrelatetheincidentwhichputanendtomyrelationswiththisvenomouscreature。
AmidsttheidlenessandwearinessofSpessaIhappenedtomeetaveryprettyandveryagreeableyoungwidow。Imadehersomesmallpresents,andfinallypersuadedhertopassthenightinmyroom。Shecameatmidnighttoavoidobservation,andleftatday—breakbyasmalldoorwhichopenedontotheroad。
Wehadamusedourselvesinthispleasantmannerforaboutaweek,whenonemorningmysweetheartawokemethatImightclosethedoorafterherasusual。IhadscarcelydonesowhenIheardcriesforhelp。I
quicklyopeneditagain,andIsawthescoundrellyTorrianoholdingthewidowwithonehandwhilehebeatherfuriouslywithastickheheldintheother。Irusheduponhim,andwefelltogether,whilethepoorwomanmadeherescape。
Ihadonlymydresing—gownon,andhereIwasatadisadvantage;forcivilizedmanisapoorcreaturewithouthisclothes。However,Iheldthestickwithonehand,whileIqueezedhisthroatwiththeother。Onhissideheclungtothestickwithhisrighthand,andpulledmyhairwiththeleft。Atlasthistonguestartedoutandhehadtoletgo。
Iwasonmyfeetagaininaninstant,andseizingthestickIaimedasturdyblowathishead,which,luckilyforhim,hepartiallyparried。
Ididnotstrikeagain,sohegotup,ranalittleway,andbegantopickupstones。However,Ididnotwaittobepelted,butshutmyselfinmyroomandlaydownonthebed,onlysorrythatIhadnotchokedthevillainoutright。
AssoonasIhadrestedIlookedtomypistols,dressedmyself,andwentoutwiththeintentionoflookingforsomekindofconveyancetotakemebacktoGorice。WithoutknowingitItookaroadthatledmetothecottageofthepoorwidow,whomIfoundlookingcalmthoughsad。Shetoldmeshehadreceivedmostoftheblowsonhershoulders,andwasnotmuchhurt。Whatvexedherwasthattheaffairwouldbecomepublic,astwopeasantshadseenthecountbeatingher,andoursubsequentcombat。
Igavehertwosequins,begginghertocomeandseemeatGorice,andtotellmewhereIcouldfindaconveyance。
Hersisterofferedtoshewmethewaytoafarm,whereIcouldgetwhatIwanted。OnthewayshetoldmethatTorrianohadbeenhersister’senemybeforethedeathofherhusbandbecausesherejectedallhisproposals。
Ifoundagoodconveyanceatthefarm,andthemanpromisedtodrivemeintoGoricebydinner—time。
Igavehimhalf—a—crownasanearnest,andwentaway,tellinghimtocomeforme。
Ireturnedtothecount’sandhadscarcelyfinishedgettingreadywhentheconveyancedroveup。
Iwasabouttoputmyluggageinit,whenaservantcamefromthecountaskingmetogivehimamoment’sconversation。
IwroteanoteinFrench,sayingthatafterwhathadpassedweoughtnottomeetagainunderhisroof。
Aminutelaterhecameintomyroom,andshutthedoor,saying,——
"Asyouwon’tspeaktome,Ihavecometospeaktoyou。"
"Whathaveyougottosay?"
"Ifyouleavemyhouseinthisfashionyouwilldishonourme,andIwillnotallowit。"
"Excuseme,butIshouldverymuchliketoseehowyouaregoingtopreventmefromleavingyourhouse。"
"Iwillnotallowyoutogobyyourself;wemustgotogether。"
"Certainly;Iunderstandyouperfectly。Getyourswordoryourpistols,andwewillstartdirectly。Thereisroomfortwointhecarriage。"
"Thatwon’tdo。Youmustdinewithme,andthenwecangoinmycarriage。"
Youmakeamistake。IshouldbeafoolifIdinedwithyouwhenourmiserabledisputeisalloverthevillage;to—morrowitwillhavereachedGorice。"
"Ifyouwon’tdinewithme,Iwilldinewithyou,andpeoplemaysaywhattheylike。Wewillgoafterdinner,sosendawaythatconveyance。"
Ihadtogiveintohim。Thewretchedcountstayedwithmetillnoon,endeavouringtopersuademethathehadaperfectrighttobeatacountry—womanintheroad,andthatIwasaltogetherinthewrong。
Ilaughed,andsaidIwonderedhowhederivedhisrighttobeatafreewomananywhere,andthathispretencethatIbeingherloverhadnorighttoprotectherwasamonstrousone。
"Shehadjustleftmyarms,"Icontinued,"wasInotthereforehernaturalprotector?Onlyacowardoramonsterlikeyourselfwouldhaveremainedindifferent,though,indeed,Ibelievethatevenyouwouldhavedonethesame。"
Afewminutesbeforewesatdowntodinnerhesaidthatneitherofuswouldprofitbytheadventure,ashemeantthedueltobetothedeath。
"Idon’tagreewithyouasfarasIamconcerned,"Ireplied;"andastotheduel,youcanfightornotfight,asyouplease;formypartIhavehadsatisfaction。IfwecometoaduelIhopetoleaveyouinthelandoftheliving,thoughIshalldomybesttolayyouupforaconsiderabletime,sothatyoumayhaveleisuretoreflectonyourfolly。Ontheotherhand,iffortunefavoursyou,youmayactasyouplease"
"Wewillgointothewoodbyourselves,andmycoachmanshallhaveorderstodriveyouwhereveryoulikeifyoucomeoutofthewoodbyyourself。"
"Verygoodindeed;andwhichwouldyouprefer——swordsorpistols?"
"Swords,Ithink。"
"ThenIpromisetounloadmypistolsassoonaswegetintothecarriage。"
Iwasastonishedtofindtheusuallybrutalcountbecomequitepoliteattheprospectofaduel。Ifeltperfectlyconfidentmyself,asIwassureofflooringhimatthefirststrokebyapeculiarlunge。ThenI
couldescapethroughVenetianterritorywhereIwasnotknown。
ButIhadgoodreasonsforsupposingthattheduelwouldendinsmokeassomanyotherduelswhenoneofthepartiesisacoward,andacowardI
believedthecounttobe。
Westartedafteranexcellentdinner;thecounthavingnoluggage,andminebeingstrappedbehindthecarriage。
Itookcaretodrawthechargesofmypistolsbeforethecount。
IhadheardhimtellthecoachmantodrivetowardsGorice,buteverymomentIexpectedtohearhimorderthemantodriveupthisorthatturningthatwemightsettleourdifferences。
Iaskednoquestions,feelingthattheinitiativelaywithhim;butwedroveontillwewereatthegatesofGorice,andIburstoutlaughingwhenIheardthecountorderthecoachmantodrivetothepostinginn。
Assoonaswegottherehesaid,——
"Youwereintheright;wemustremainfriends。Promisemenottotellanyoneofwhathashappened。"
Igavehimthepromise;weshookhands,andeverythingwasover。
ThenextdayItookupmyabodeinoneofthequieteststreetstofinishmysecondvolumeonthePolishtroubles,butIstillmanagedtoenjoymyselfduringmystayatGorice。AtlastIresolvedonreturningtoTrieste,whereIhadmorechancesofservingandpleasingtheStateInquisitors。
IstayedatGoricetilltheendoftheyear1773,andpassedanextremelypleasantsixweeks。
MyadventureatSpessahadbecomepublicproperty。Atfirsteverybodyaddressedmeonthesubject,butasIlaughedandtreatedthewholethingasajokeitwouldsoonbeforgotten。Torrianotookcaretobemostpolitewheneverwemet;butIhadstampedhimasadangerouscharacter,andwheneverheaskedmetodinnerorsupperIhadotherengagements。
Duringthecarnivalhemarriedtheyoungladyofwhomhehadspokentome,andaslongashelivedherlifewasmisery。Fortunatelyhediedamadmanthirteenorfourteenyearsafter。
WhilstIwasatGoriceCountCharlesCoroninicontributedgreatlytomyenjoyment。Hediedfouryearslater,andamonthbeforehisdeathhesentmehiswillinostosyllabicItalianverses——aspecimenofphilosophicmirthwhichIstillpreserve。Itisfullofjestandwit,thoughIbelieveifhehadguessedthenearapproachofdeathhewouldnothavebeensocheerful,fortheprospectofimminentdestructioncanonlyenliventheheartofamaniac。
DuringmystayatGoriceacertainM。RichardLorraincamethere。Hewasabachelorofforty,whohaddonegoodfinancialserviceundertheVienneseGovernment,andhadnowretiredwithacomfortablepension。Hewasafineman,andhisagreeablemannersandexcellenteducationprocuredhimadmissionintothebestcompanyinthetown。
ImethimatthehouseofCountTorres,andsoonafterhewasmarriedtotheyoungcountess。
InOctoberthenewCouncilofTenandthenewInquisitorstookoffice,andmyprotectorswrotetomethatiftheycouldnotobtainmypardoninthecourseofthenexttwelvemonthstheywouldbeinclinedtodespair。
ThefirstoftheInquisitorswasSagredo,andintimatefriendoftheProcuratorMorosini’s;thesecond,Grimani,thefriendofmygoodDandolo;andM。Zaguriwrotetomethathewouldanswerforthethird,who,accordingtolaw,wasoneofthesixcouncillorswhoassisttheCouncilofTen。
ItmaynotbegenerallyknownthattheCouncilofTenisreallyacouncilofseventeen,astheDogehasalwaysarighttobepresent。
IreturnedtoTriestedeterminedtodomybestfortheTribunal,forI
longedtoreturntoVeniceafternineteenyears’wanderings。
Iwasthenforty—nine,andIexpectednomoreofFortune’sgifts,forthedeitydespisesthoseofripeage。Ithought,however,thatImightlivecomfortablyandindependentlyatVenice。
Ihadtalentsandexperience,Ihopedtomakeuseofthem,andIthoughttheInquisitorswouldfeelboundtogivemesomesufficientemployment。
IwaswritingthehistoryofthePolishtroubles,thefirstvolumewasprinted,thesecondwasinpreparation,andIthoughtofconcludingtheworkinsevenvolumes。AfterwardsIhadatranslationofthe"Iliad"inview,andotherliteraryprojectswouldnodoubtpresentthemselves。
Infine,IthoughtmyselfsureoflivinginVenice,wheremanypersonswhowouldbebeggarselsewherecontinuetoliveattheirease。
IleftGoriceonthelastdayofDecember,1773,andonJanuary1stI
tookupmyabodeatTrieste。
Icouldnothavereceivedawarmerwelcome。BaronPittoni,theVenetianconsul,allthetowncouncillors,andthemembersoftheclub,seemeddelightedtoseemeagain。Mycarnivalwasapleasantone,andinthebeginningofLentIpublishedthesecondvolumeofmyworkonPoland。
ThechiefobjectofinteresttomeatTriestewasanactressinacompanythatwasplayingthere。Shewasnootherthanthedaughteroftheso—calledCountRinaldi,andmyreadersmayrememberherunderthenameofIrene。IhadlovedheratMilan,andneglectedheratGenoaonaccountofherfather’smisdeeds,andatAvignonIhadrescuedheratMarcoline’srequest。ElevenyearshadpassedbysinceIhadheardofher。
Iwasastonishedtoseeher,andIthinkmoresorrythanglad,forshewasstillbeautiful,andImightfallinloveagain;andbeingnolongerinapositiontogiveherassistance,theissuemightbeunfortunateforme。However,Icalledonherthenextday,andwasgreetedwithashriekofdelight。Shetoldmeshehadseenmeatthetheatre,andfeltsureIwouldcomeandseeher。
Sheintroducedmetoherhusband,whoplayedpartslikeScapin,andtohernine—year—olddaughter,whohadatalentfordancing。
Shegavemeanabridgedaccountofherlifesincewehadmet。IntheyearIhadseenheratAvignonshehadgonetoTurinwithherfather。
AtTurinshefellinlovewithherpresenthusband,andleftherparentstojoinherlottohis。
"Sincethat,"shesaid,"Ihaveheardofmyfather’sdeath,butIdonotknowwhathasbecomeofmymother。"
Aftersomefurtherconversationshetoldmeshewasafaithfulwife,thoughshedidnotpushfidelitysofarastodrivearichlovertodespair。
"Ihavenolovershere,"sheadded,"butIgivelittlesupperstoafewfriends。Idon’tmindtheexpense,asIwinsomemoneyatfaro。"
Shewasthebanker,andshebeggedmetojointhepartynowandthen。
"Iwillcomeaftertheplayto—night,"Ireplied,"butyoumustnotexpectanyhighplayofme。"
Ikepttheappointmentandsuppedwithanumberofsillyyoungtradesmen,whowereallinlovewithher。
Aftersuppersheheldabank,andIwasgreatlyastonishedwhenIsawhercheatingwithgreatdexterity。Itmademewanttolaugh;however,I
lostmyflorinswithagoodgraceandleft。However,IdidnotmeantoletIrenethinkshewasdupingme,andIwenttoseehernextmorningatrehearsal,andcomplimentedheronherdealing。ShepretendednottounderstandwhatImeant,andonmyexplainingmyselfshehadtheimpudencetotellmethatIwasmistaken。
InmyangerIturnedmybackonhersaying,"Youwillbesorryforthissomeday。"
Atthisshebegantolaugh,andsaid,"Well,well,Iconfess!andifyoutellmehowmuchyoulostyoushallhaveitback,andifyoulikeyoushallbeapartnerinthegame。"
"No,thankyou,Irene,Iwillnotbepresentatanymoreofyoursuppers。ButIwarnyoutobecautious;gamesofchancearestrictlyforbidden。"
"Iknowthat,butalltheyoungmenhavepromisedstrictsecrecy。"
"Comeandbreakfastwithmewheneveryoulike。"
Afewdayslatershecame,bringingherdaughterwithher。Thegirlwaspretty,andallowedmetocaressher。
OnedayBaronPittonimetthematmylodgings,andashelikedyounggirlsaswellasIhebeggedIrenetomakeherdaughterincludehiminherlistoffavouredlovers。
Iadvisedhernottorejecttheoffer,andthebaronfellinlovewithher,whichwasapieceofluckforIrene,asshewasaccusedofplayingunlawfulgames,andwouldhavebeenseverelytreatedifthebaronhadnotgivenherwarning。Whenthepolicepouncedonher,theyfoundnogamingandnogamesters,andnothingcouldbedone。
IreneleftTriesteatthebeginningofLentwiththecompanytowhichshebelonged。ThreeyearslaterIsawheragainatPadua。Herdaughterhadbecomeacharminggirl,andouracquaintancewasrenewedinthetenderestmanner。
[ThusabruptlyendtheMemoirsofGiacomeCasanova,ChevalierdeSeingalt,KnightoftheGoldenSpur,ProthonotaryApostolic,andScoundrelCosmopolitic。]
EndOldAgeandDeathByJacquesCasanovaMEMOIRSOFJACQUESCASANOVAdeSEINGALT1725—1798
SPANISHPASSIONS,Volume6e——OLDAGEANDDEATH
THEMEMOIRSOFJACQUESCASANOVADESEINGALT
THERAREUNABRIDGEDLONDONEDITIONOF1894TRANSLATEDBYARTHURMACHENTO
WHICHHASBEENADDEDTHECHAPTERSDISCOVEREDBYARTHURSYMONS。
OLDAGEANDDEATHOFCASANOVA
APPENDIXANDSUPPLEMENT
Whethertheauthordiedbeforetheworkwascomplete,whethertheconcludingvolumesweredestroyedbyhimselforhisliteraryexecutors,orwhethertheMS。fellintobadhands,seemsamatterofuncertainty,andthematerialsavailabletowardsacontinuationoftheMemoirsareextremelyfragmentary。Weknow,however,thatCasanovaatlastsucceededinobtaininghispardonfromtheauthoritiesoftheRepublic,andhereturnedtoVenice,whereheexercisedthehonourableofficeofsecretagentoftheStateInquisitors——inplainlanguage,hebecameaspy。ItseemsthattheKnightoftheGoldenSpurmadearatherindifferent"agent;"notsurely,asaFrenchwritersuggests,becausethedirtyworkwastoodirtyforhisfingers,butprobablybecausehewasgettingoldandstupidandout—of—date,andfailedtokeepintouchwithnewformsofturpitude。HeleftVeniceagainandpaidavisittoVienna,sawbelovedParisoncemore,andtheremetCountWallenstein,orWaldstein。Theconversationturnedonmagicandtheoccultsciences,in,whichCasanovawasanadept,asthereaderoftheMemoirswillremember,andthecounttookafancytothecharlatan。InshortCasanovabecamelibrarianatthecount’sCastleofDux,nearTeplitz,andtherehespentthefourteenremainingyearsofhislife。
AsthePrincedeLigne(fromwhoseMemoirswelearntheseparticulars)
remarks,Casanova’slifehadbeenastormyandadventurousone,anditmighthavebeenexpectedthathewouldhavefoundhispatron’slibraryapleasantrefugeaftersomanytoilsandtravels。Butthemancarriedroughweatherandstorminhisownheart,andfounddailyopportunitiesofmortificationandresentment。Thecoffeewasillmade,themaccaroninotcookedinthetrueItalianstyle,thedogshadbayedduringthenight,hehadbeenmadetodineatasmalltable,theparishpriesthadtriedtoconverthim,thesouphadbeenservedtoohotonpurposetoannoyhim,hehadnotbeenintroducedtoadistinguishedguest,thecounthadlentabookwithouttellinghim,agroomhadnottakenoffhishat;
suchwerehiscomplaints。ThefactisCasanovafelthisdependentpositionandhisutterpoverty,andwasallthemoredeterminedtostandtohisdignityasamanwhohadtalkedwithallthecrownedheadsofEurope,andhadfoughtaduelwiththePolishgeneral。Andhehadanotherreasonforfindinglifebitter——hehadlivedbeyondhistime。
LouisXV。wasdead,andLouisXVI。hadbeenguillotined;theRevolutionhadcome;andCasanova,hisdress,andhismanners,appearedasoddandantiqueassome"bloodoftheRegency"wouldappeartousofthesedays。
Sixtyyearsbefore,Marcel,thefamousdancing—master,hadtaughtyoungCasanovahowtoenteraroomwithalowlyandceremoniousbow;andstill,thoughtheeighteenthcenturyisdrawningtoaclose,oldCasanovaenterstheroomsofDuxwiththesamestatelybow,butnoweveryonelaughs。OldCasanovatreadsthegravemeasuresoftheminuet;theyapplaudedhisdancingonce,butnoweveryonelaughs。YoungCasanovawasalwaysdressedintheheightofthefashion;buttheageofpowder,wigs,velvets,andsilkshasdeparted,andoldCasanova’sattemptsatelegance("Strass"
diamondshavereplacedthegenuinestoneswithhim)arelikewisegreetedwithlaughter。NowondertheoldadventurerdenouncesthewholehouseofJacobinsandcanaille;theworld,hefeels,ispermanentlyoutofjointforhim;everythingiscross,andeveryoneisinaconspiracytodrivetheironintohissoul。
Atlastthesepersecutions,realorimaginary,drivehimawayfromDux;
heconsidershisgeniusbidshimgo,and,asbefore,heobeys。Casanovahasbutlittlepleasureorprofitoutofthishislastjourney;hehastodanceattendanceinante—chambers;noonewillgivehimanyoffice,whetherastutor,librarian,orchamberlain。Inonequarteronlyishewellreceived——namely,bythefamousDukeofWeimar;butinafewdayshebecomesmadlyjealousoftheduke’smorefamousprotegees,GoetheandWieland,andgoesoffdeclaimingagainstthemandGermanliteraturegenerally——withwhichliteraturehewaswhollyunacquainted。FromWeimartoBerlin;wherethereareJewstowhomhehasintroductions。Casanovathinksthemignorant,superstitious,andknavish;buttheylendhimmoney,andhegivesbillsonCountWallenstein,whicharepaid。InsixweeksthewandererreturnstoDux,andiswelcomedwithopenarms;hisjourneysareoveratlast。
Butnothistroubles。Aweekafterhisreturntherearestrawberriesatdessert;everyoneisservedbeforehimself,andwhentheplatecomesroundtohimitisempty。Worsestill:hisportraitismissingfromhisroom,andisdiscovered’salementplacardealaportedeslieuxd’aisance’!
Fivemoreyearsofliferemainedtohim。Theywerepassedinsuchpettymortificationsaswehavenarrated,ingrievingoverhis’afreusevieillesse’,andinlamentsovertheconquestofhisnativelandVenice,oncesosplendidandpowerful。Hisappetitebegantofail,andwithitfailedhislastsourceofpleasure,sodeathcametohimsomewhatasarelease。Hereceivedthesacramentswithdevotion,exclaimed,——
"GrandDieu,etvoustoustemoinsdemamort,j’aivecuenphilosophe,etjemeursenChretien,"andsodied。
Itwasaquietendingtoawonderfullybrilliantandentirelyuselesscareer。IthasbeensuggestedthatiftheageinwhichCasanovalivedhadbeenlesscorrupt,hehimselfmighthaveusedhisallbutuniversaltalentstosomeadvantage,buttoourmindCasanovawouldalwayshaveremainedCasanova。Hecameofafamilyofadventurers,andthereaderofhisMemoirswillremarkhowhecontinuallyruinedhisprospectsbyhisineradicablelovefordisreputablecompany。His"Bohemianism"wasinhisblood,andinhisoldageheregrets——nothispastfollies,buthisinabilitytocommitfollyanylonger。NowandagainweareinclinedtopronounceCasanovatobeanamiableman;andiftohisgenerosityandgoodnaturehehadaddedsomeelementaryknowledgeofthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrong,hemightcertainlyhavelaidsomeclaimtothecharacter。ThePrincedeLignedrawsthefollowingportraitofhimunderthenameofAventuros:
"Hewouldbeahandsomemanifhewerenotugly;heistallandstronglybuilt,buthisdarkcomplexionandhisglitteringeyesgivehimafierceexpression。Heiseasiertoannoythanamuse;helaughslittlebutmakesotherslaughbythepeculiarturnhegivestohisconversation。Heknowseverythingexceptthosemattersontheknowledgeofwhichhechieflyprideshimself,namely,dancing,theFrenchlanguage,goodtaste,andknowledgeoftheworld。Everythingabouthimiscomic,excepthiscomedies;andallhiswritingsarephilosophical,savingthosewhichtreatofphilosophy。Heisaperfectwellofknowledge,buthequotesHomerandHoraceadnauseam。"
SUPPLEMENT
TO
THEMEMOIRSOF
JACQUESCASANOVA
DESEINGALT
ContaininganOutlineofCasanova’scareerfromtheyear1774,whenhisownMemoirsabruptlyend,untilhisdeathin1798
PARTTHEFIRST
VENICE
1774—1782
CASANOVA’SRETURNTOVENICE
ThusCasanovaendedhisMemoirs,concludinghisnarrativewithhissojournatTrieste,inJanuary1774,wherehehadremained,exceptforafewexcursions,sincethe15thNovember1772。Hewasforty—nineyearsofage。SincehisunfortunateexperiencesinEngland,thelossofhisfortuneandthefailureofhiseffortstoobtaincongenialandremunerativeemploymentinGermanyorRussia,hehadcometoconcentratehiseffortsonareturntohisnativecity。
Ofhisfaithfulfriends,thenoblesBragadin,BarbaroandDandolo,thefirsthaddiedin1767,havinggoneintodebt"thatImighthaveenough,"
sendingCasanova,fromhisdeath—bed,alastgiftofathousandcrowns。
Barbarowhohaddiedalso,in1771,leftCasanovaalife—incomeofsixsequinsamonth。Thesurvivor,Dandolo,waspoor,butuntilhisdeath,healsogaveCasanovaamonthlyprovisionofsixsequins。
However,CasanovawasnotwithoutinfluentialfriendswhomightnotonlyobtainapardonfromtheStateInquisitorsbutalsoassisthimtoemployment;and,infact,itwasthroughsuchinfluenceasthatwieldedbytheAvogadorZaguriandtheProcuratorMorosini,thatCasanovareceivedhispardon,andlater,apositionas"Confidant,"orSecretAgent,totheInquisitorsatVenice。
Casanovare—enteredVenicethe14thSeptember1774and,presentinghimself,onthe18th,toMarc—AntoineBusinello,SecretaryoftheTribunaloftheInquisitorsofState,wasadvisedthatmercyhadbeenaccordedhimbyreasonofhisrefutationoftheHistoryoftheVenetianGovernmentbyAmelotdelaHoussaiewhichhehadwrittenduringhisforty—twodayimprisonmentatBarcelonain1768。ThethreeInquisitors,FrancescoGrimani,FrancescoSagredoandPaoloBembo,invitedhimtodinnertohearhisstoryofhisescapefromTheLeads。
In1772,Bandiera,theRepublic’sresidentatAncona,drewthisportraitofCasanova:
"OneseeseverywherethisunhappyrebelagainstthejusticeoftheAugustCouncil,presentinghimselfboldly,hisheadcarriedhigh,andwellequipped。HeisreceivedinmanyhousesandannounceshisintentionofgoingtoTriesteand,fromthere,ofreturningtoGermany。Heisamanoffortyyearsormore,"[inreality,forty—seven]"ofhighstatureandexcellentappearance,vigorous,ofaverybrowncolor,theeyebright,thewigshortandchestnut—brown。Heissaidtobehaughtyanddisdainful;hespeaksatlength,withspiritanderudition。"[LetterofinformationtotheVeryIllustriousGiovanniZon,SecretaryoftheAugustCouncilofTenatVenice。2October1772。]
ReturningtoVeniceafteranabsenceofeighteenyears,Casanovarenewedhisacquaintancewithmanyoldfriends,amongwhomwere:
TheChristineoftheMemoirs。Charles,whomarriedChristine,themarriagebeingarrangedbyCasanovawhileinVenicein1747,wasoffinancialassistancetoCasanova,who"foundhimatruefriend。"Charlesdied"afewmonthsbeforemylastdeparturefromVenice,"in1783。
Mlle。X————C————V————,reallyGiustinadeWynne,widowoftheCountRosenberg,AustrianAmbassadoratVenice。"Fifteenyearsafterwards,I
sawheragainandshewasawidow,happyenough,apparently,andenjoyingagreatreputationonaccountofherrank,witandsocialqualities,butourconnectionwasneverrenewed。"
Callimena,whowaskindtohim"forlove’ssakealone"atSorrentoin1770。
Marcoline,thegirlhetookawayfromhisyoungerbrother,theAbbyCasanova,atGenevain1763。
FatherBalbi,thecompanionofhisflightfromTheLeads。
DoctorGozzi,hisformerteacheratPadua,nowbecomeArch—PriestofSt。
GeorgeoftheValley,andhissisterBetting。"WhenIwenttopayhimavisit……shebreathedherlastinmyarms,in1776,twenty—fourhoursaftermyarrival。Iwillspeakofherdeathinduetime。"
AngelaToselli,hisfirstpassion。In1758thisgirlmarriedtheadvocateFrancescoBarnabaRizzotti,andinthefollowingyearshegavebirthtoadaughter,MariaRizzotti(latermarriedtoaM。Kaiser)wholivedatViennaandwhoseletterstoCasanovawerepreservedatDux。
C————C————,theyounggirlwhoseloveaffairwithCasanovabecameinvolvedwiththatofthenunM————M————CasanovafoundherinVenice"awidowandpoorlyoff。"
ThedancinggirlBinetti,whoassistedCasanovainhisflightfromStuttgartin1760,whomhemetagaininLondonin1763,andwhowasthecauseofhisduelwithCountBranickiatWarsawin1766。ShedancedfrequentlyatVenicebetween1769and1780。
ThegoodandindulgentMme。Manzoni,"ofwhomIshallhavetospeakveryoften。"
ThepatriciansAndreaMemmoandhisbrotherBernardowho,withP。ZaguriwerepersonagesofconsiderablestandingintheRepublicandwhoremainedhisconstantfriends。AndreaMemmowasthecauseoftheembarrassmentinwhichMlle。X————C————V————foundherselfinParisandwhichCasanovavainlyendeavoredtoremovebyapplicationsofhisastonishingspecific,the’arophofParacelsus’。
ItwasatthehouseofthesefriendsthatCasanovabecameacquaintedwiththepoet,LorenzoDaPonte。"Imadehisacquaintance,"saysthelatter,inhisownMemoirs,"atthehouseofZaguriandthehouseofMemmo,whobothsoughtafterhisalwaysinterestingconversation,acceptingfromthismanallhehadofgood,andclosingtheireyes,onaccountofhisgenius,upontheperversepartsofhisnature。"
LorenzoDaPonte,knownaboveallasMozart’slibrettist,andwhoseyouthmuchresembledthatofCasanova,wasaccusedofhavingeatenhamonFridayandwasobligedtofleefromVenicein1777,toescapethepunishmentoftheTribunalofBlasphemies。InhisMemoirs,hespeaksunsparinglyofhiscompatriotandyet,asM。Ravanotes,inthenumerouslettershewroteCasanova,andwhichwerepreservedatDux,heproclaimshisfriendshipandadmiration。
IreneRinaldi,whomhemetagainatPaduain1777,withherdaughterwho"hadbecomeacharminggirl;andouracquaintancewasrenewedinthetenderestmanner。"
Theballet—girlAdelaide,daughterofMme。Soavi,whowasalsoadancer,andofaM。deMarigny。
Barbara,whoattractedCasanova’sattentionatTrieste,in1773,whilehewasfrequentingafamilynamedLeo,buttowardwhomhehadmaintainedanattitudeofrespect。Thisgirl,onmeetinghimagainin1777,declaredthat"shehadguessedmyrealfeelingsandhadbeenamusedbymyfoolishrestraint。"
AtPesaro,theJewessLeah,withwhomhehadthemostsingularexperiencesatAnconain1772。
II
RELATIONSWITHTHEINQUISITORS
SoonafterreachingVenice,CasanovalearnedthattheLandgraveofHesseCassel,followingtheexampleofotherGermanprinces,wishedaVenetiancorrespondentforhisprivateaffairs。Throughsomeinfluencehebelievedhemightobtainthissmallemployment;butbeforeapplyingforthepositionheappliedtotheSecretaryoftheTribunalforpermission。
Apparentlynothingcameofthis,andCasanovaobtainednodefiniteemploymentuntil1776。
Earlyin1776,CasanovaenteredtheserviceoftheTribunalofInquisitorsasan"occasionalConfidant,"underthefictitiousnameofAntonioPratiloni,givinghisaddressas"attheCasinoofS。E。MarcoDandolo。"
InOctober1780,hisappointmentwasmoredefinitelyestablishedandhewasgivenasalaryoffifteenducatsamonth。This,withthesixsequinsoflife—incomeleftbyBarbaroandthesixgivenbyDandolo,gavehimamonthlyincomeofthreehundredandeighty—fourlires——aboutseventy—fourU。S。dollars——from1780untilhisbreakwiththeTribunalattheendof1781。
IntheArchivesofVenicearepreservedforty—eightlettersfromCasanova,includingtheReportshewroteasa"Confidant,"allinthesamehandwritingasthemanuscriptoftheMemoirs。TheReportsmaybedividedintotwoclasses:thosereferringtocommercialorindustrialmatters,andthosereferringtothepublicmorals。
Amongthoseofthefirstclass,wefind:
AReportrelatingtoCasanova’ssuccessinhavingachangemadeintherouteoftheweeklydiligencerunningfromTriestetoMestre,forwhichservice,renderedduringCasanova’sresidenceatTriestein1773,hereceivedencouragementandthesumofonehundredducatsfromtheTribunal。
AReport,the8thSeptember1776,withinformationconcerningtherumoredprojectofthefutureEmperorofAustriatoinvadeDalmatiaafterthedeathofMariaTheresa。CasanovastatedhehadreceivedthisinformationfromaFrenchman,M。SalzdeChalabre,whomhehadknowninParistwentyyearsbefore。ThisM。Chalabre[printedCalabre]wasthepretendednephewofMme。Amelin。"Thisyoungmanwasaslikeherastwodropsofwater,butshedidnotfindthatasufficientreasonforavowingherselfhismother。"Theboywas,infact,thesonofMme。AmelinandofM。deChalabre,whohadlivedtogetherforalongtime。
AReport,the12thofDecember1776,ofasecretmissiontoTrieste,inregardtoaprojectofthecourtofViennaformakingFiumeaFrenchport;theobjectbeingtofacilitatecommunicationsbetweenthisportandtheinteriorofHungary。Forthisinquiry,Casanovareceivedsixteenhundredlires,hisexpendituresamountingtosevenhundredandsixty—sixlires。
AReport,May—July1779,ofanexcursioninthemarketofAnconaforinformationconcerningthecommercialrelationsofthePontificalStateswiththeRepublicofVenice。AtForli,inthecourseofthisexcursion,Casanovavisitedthedancing—girlBinetti。ForthismissionCasanovareceivedforty—eightsequins。
AReport,January1780,remarkingaclandestinerecruitingcarriedoutbyacertainMarrazzaniforthe[Prussian]regimentofZarembal。
AReport,the11thOctober1781,regardingaso—calledBaldassareRossetti,aVenetiansubjectlivingatTrieste,whoseactivitiesandprojectswereofanaturetoprejudicethecommerceandindustryoftheRepublic。
AmongtheReportsrelatingtopublicmoralsmaybenoted:
December1776。AReportontheseditiouscharacterofaballetcalled"Coriolanus。"Thebackofthisreportisinscribed:"TheimpressarioofS。Benedetto,Mickeldel’Agata,shallbesummonedimmediately;ithasbeenorderedthathecease,underpenaltyofhislife,fromgivingtheballetCoriolanusatthetheater。Further,heistocollectanddepositalltheprintedprogrammesofthisballet。"
December1780。AReportcallingtotheattentionoftheTribunalthescandalousdisordersproducedinthetheaterswhenthelightswereextinguished。
3rdMay1781。AReportremarkingthattheAbbECarloGrimanibelievedhimselfexempt,inhispositionasapriest,fromtheinterdictionlaidonpatriciansagainstfrequentingforeignministersandtheirsuites。OnthebackofthisReportiswritten:"SerJeanCarlo,AbbeGrimani,tobegentlyreminded,bytheSecretary,oftheinjunctiontoabstainfromallcommercewithforeignministersandtheiradherents"
Venetiannobleswereforbiddenunderpenaltyofdeathfromholdinganycommunicationwithforeignambassadorsortheirhouseholds。ThiswasintendedasaprecautiontopreservethesecretsoftheSenate。
26thNovember1781。AReportconcerningapaintingacademywherenudestudiesweremade,frommodelsofbothsexes,whilescholarsonlytwelveorthirteenyearsofagewereadmitted,andwheredilettanteswhowereneitherpaintersnordesigners,attendedthesessions。
22ndDecember1781。Byorder,CasanovareportedtotheTribunalalistoftheprincipallicentiousorantireligiousbookstobefoundinthelibrariesandprivatecollectionsatVenice:laPucelle;laPhilosophiedel’Histoire;L’Espritd’Helvetius;laSainteChandelled’Arras;lesBijouxindiscrets;lePortierdesChartreux;lesPosiesdeBaffo;OdeaPriape;dePiron;etc。,etc。
InconsideringthisReport,whichhasbeenthesubjectofviolentcriticism,weshouldbearinmindthreepoints:
first——theInquisitorsrequiredthisinformation;second——nooneintheiremploycouldhavebeeninabetterpositiontogiveitthanCasanova;
third——Casanovawasmorallyandeconomicallybound,asanemployeeoftheTribunal,tofurnishtheinformationordered,whateverhispersonaldistastefortheundertakingmayhavebeen。Wemayevenassumethathepermittedhimselftoexpresshisfeelingsinsomeindiscreetway,andhisbreakwiththeTribunalfollowed,for,attheendof1781,hiscommissionwaswithdrawn。Certainly,Casanova’salmostabsolutedependenceonhissalary,influencedtheletterhewrotetheInquisitorsatthistime。
"TotheIllustriousandMostExcellentLords,theInquisitorsofState:
"Filledwithconfusion,overwhelmedwithsorrowandrepentance,recognizingmyselfabsolutelyunworthyofaddressingmyvilelettertoYourExcellenciesconfessingthatIhavefailedinmydutyintheopportunitieswhichpresentedthemselves,I,JacquesCasanova,invoke,onmyknees,themercyofthePrince;Ibegthat,incompassionandgrace,theremaybeaccordedmethatwhich,inalljusticeandonreflection,mayberefusedme。
"IasktheSovereignMunificencetocometomyaid,sothat,withthemeansofsubsistence,Imayapplymyselfvigorously,inthefuture,totheservicetowhichIhavebeenprivileged。
"Afterthisrespectfulsupplication,thewisdomofYourExcellenciesmayjudgethedispositionofmyspiritandofmyintentions。
TheInquisitorsdecidedtoawardCasanovaonemonth’spay,butspecifiedthatthereafterhewouldreceivesalaryonlywhenherenderedimportantservices。
In1782CasanovamadeafewmoreReportstotheTribunal,foroneofwhich,regardingthefailureofaninsuranceandcommercialhouseatTrieste,hereceivedsixsequins。Butthepartofaguardianofthepublicmorals,eventhroughnecessity,wasundoubtedlyunpleasanttohim;
and,inspiteofthefinancialloss,itmaybethathisreleasewasarelief。
III
FRANCESCABUSCHINI
IntimatelyconnectedwithCasanova’slifeatthisperiodwasagirlnamedFrancescaBuschini。Thisnamedoesnotappearinanyoftheliterary,artisticortheatricalrecordsoftheperiod,and,ofthegirl,nothingisknownotherthanthatwhichsheherselftellsusinherletterstoCasanova。Fromtheseveryhumanletters,however,wemayobtain,notonlycertainfacts,butalso,averyexcellentideaofhercharacter。
Thirty—twoofherletters,datedbetweenJuly1779andOctober1787,writtenintheVenetiandialect,werepreservedinthelibraryatDux。
Shewasaseamstress,althoughoftenwithoutwork,andhadabrother,ayoungersisterandalsoamotherlivingwithher。Theprobabilitiesarethatshewasagirlofthemostusualsort,butgreatlyattachedtoCasanovawho,eveninhispoverty,musthavedazzledherasabeingfromanotherworld。ShewashislastVenetianlove,andremainedafaithfulcorrespondentuntil1787;anditischieflyfromherletters,inwhichshecommentsonnewscontainedinCasanova’sletterstoher,thatlightisthrownontheVienna—Parisperiod,particularly,ofCasanova’slife。
Forthis,Francescahasplacedusgreatlyinherdebt。
Withthisgirl,atleastbetween1779and1782,CasanovarentedasmallhouseatBarbariadelleTole,nearS。Giustina,fromthenoblePesaroatS。Stae。Casanova,alwaysindemandforhiswitandlearning,oftentookdinnerinthecity。HeknewthataplacealwaysawaitedhimatthehouseofMemmoandatthatofZaguriandthat,atthetableofthesepatricians,whoweredistinguishedbytheirintellectualsuperiority,hewouldmeetmennotableinscienceandletters。Beingsolongandsocloselyconnectedwiththeatricalcircles,hewasoftenseenatthetheater,withFrancesca。Thus,the9thAugust1786,thepoorgirl,inanexcessofchagrinwrites:"Whereareallthepleasureswhichformerlyyouprocuredme?Wherearethetheatres,thecomedieswhichweoncesawtogether?"
Onthe28thJuly1779,Francescawrote:
"Dearestandbestbeloved,"……Inthewayofnovelties,IfindnothingexceptthatS。E。
PietroZagurihasarrivedatVenice;hisservanthasbeentwicetoaskforyou,andIhavesaidyouwerestillattheBathsofAbano……"
TheCasanova—Buschiniestablishmentkeptuprelations,moreorlessfrequentandintimate,withafewpersons,mostofwhomarementionedinFrancesca’sletters;theSignoraAnzolettaRizzotti;theSignoraElisabethCatrolli,anancientcomedienne;theSignoraBepaPezzana;theSignoraZenobiadeMonti,possiblythemotherofthatCarlodeMonti,VenetianConsulatTrieste,whowasafriendtoCasanovaandcertainlycontributedtowardobtaininghispardonfromtheInquisitors;
aM。Lunel,masteroflanguages,andhiswife。
IV
PUBLICATIONS
Casanova’sprincipalwritingsduringthisperiodwere:
HistranslationoftheIliad,thefirstvolumeofwhichwasissuedin1775,thesecondin1777andthethirdin1778。
DuringhisstayatAbanoin1778,hewrotetheScrutiniodellibro,eulogiesofM。deVoltaire"byvarioushands。"Inthededicationofthisbook,totheDogeRenier,hewrote,"Thislittlebookhasrecentlycomefrommyinexperiencedpen,inthehoursofleisurewhicharefrequentatAbanoforthosewhodonotcomeonlyforthebaths。"
>FromJanuaryuntilJuly1780,hepublished,anonymously,aseriesofmiscellaneoussmallworks,sevenpamphletsofaboutonehundredpageseach,distributedatirregularintervalstosubscribers。
>Fromthe7thOctobertotheendofDecember,1780,ontheoccasionsoftherepresentationsgivenbyatroupeofFrenchcomediansattheSanAngelotheater,CasanovawrotealittlepapercalledTheMessengerofThalia。Inoneofthenumbers,hewrote:
"Frenchisnotmytongue;Imakenopretentionsand,wrongorastray,I
placeonthepaperwhatheavensendsfrommypen。IgivebirthtophrasesturnedtoItalian,eithertoseewhattheylooklikeortoproduceastyle,andoften,also,todraw,intoapurist’ssnare,somecriticaldoctorwhodoesnotknowmyhumororhowmyoffenseamusesme。"
The"littleromance"referredtointhefollowingletterto"Mlle。X————
C————V————,"appearedin1782,withthetitle;’DianecdotivinizanimilitariaamorosidelsecolodecimoquartosottoidogatidiGiovanniGradenigoediGiovanniDolfin’。Venezia,1782。
V
MLLE。X……C……V……
In1782,aletterwrittenbythislady,GiustinadeWynne,referringtoavisittoVeniceofPaulI,GrandDuke,afterwardEmperorofRussia,andhiswife,waspublishedunderthetitleofDusejourdesComptesduNordaVeniseenjanviermdcclxxxii。Ifhehadnotpreviouslydoneso,Casanovatookthisoccasiontorecallhimselftothememoryofthisladytowhomhehadoncebeenofsuchgreatservice。Andtwoverypoliteletterswereexchanged:
"Madam,"ThefineepistlewhichV。E。hasallowedtobeprinteduponthesojournofC。andoftheC。duNordinthiscity,exposesyou,inthepositionofanauthor,toendurethecomplimentsofallthosewhotroublethemselvestowrite。ButIflattermyself,Madam,thatV。E。willnotdisdainmine。
"Thelittleromance,Madam,atranslationfrommydullandrigidpen,isnotagiftbutaverypaltryofferingwhichIdaremaketothesuperiorityofyourmerit。
"Ihavefound,Madam,inyourletter,thesimple,flowingstyleofgentility,theonewhichaloneawomanofconditionwhowritestoherfriendmayusewithdignity。Yourdigressionsandyourthoughtsareflowerswhich……(forgiveanauthorwhopilfersfromyouthedeliciousnonchalanceofanamiablewriter)or……awill—o’—the—wispwhich,fromtimetotime,issuesfromthework,inspiteoftheauthor,andburnsthepaper。
"Iaspire,Madam,torendermyselffavorabletothedeitytowhichreasonadvisesmetomakehomage。Acceptthentheofferingandrenderhappyhewhomakesitwithyourindulgence。
"Ihavethehonortosignmyself,ifyouwillkindlypermitme,withveryprofoundrespect。
GiacomoCasanova。"
"Monsieur"Iamverysensible,Monsieur,ofthedistinctionwhichcomestomefromyourapprobationofmylittlepamphlet。Theinterestofthemoment,itsreferencesandtheexaltationofspiritshavegainedforitthetoleranceandfavorablewelcomeofthegoodVenetians。Itistoyourpolitenessinparticular,Monsieur,thatIbelieveisduethemarkedsuccesswhichmyworkhashadwithyou。IthankyouforthebookwhichyousentmeandI
willriskthankingyouinadvanceforthepleasureitwillgiveme。Bepersuadedofmyesteemforyourselfandforyourtalents。AndIhavethehonortobe,Monsieur。
YourveryhumbleservantdeWynnedeRosemberg。"
AmongCasanova’spapersatDuxwasapageheaded"Souvenir,"datedthe2ndSeptember1791,andbeginning:"Whiledescendingthestaircase,thePrincedeRosembergtoldmethatMadamedeRosembergwasdead……
ThisPrincedeRosembergwasthenephewofGiustina。"
Giustinadied,afteralongillness,atPadua,the21stAugust1791,attheageoffifty—fouryearsandsevenmonths。
VI
LASTDAYSATVENICE
Towardtheendof1782,doubtlessconvincedthathecouldexpectnothingmorefromtheTribunal,CasanovaenteredtheserviceoftheMarquisSpinolaasasecretary。Someyearsbefore,acertainCarletti,anofficerintheserviceofthecourtofTurin,hadwonfromtheMarquisawageroftwohundredandfiftysequins。Theexistenceofthisdebtseemedtohavecompletelydisappearedfromthememoryoftheloser。Bymeansofthefirmpromiseofapecuniaryrecompense,CasanovaintervenedtoobtainfromhispatronawrittenacknowledgmentofthedebtowingtoCarletti。Hiseffortwassuccessful;butinsteadofclinkingcash,Carletticontentedhimselfwithremittingtothenegotiatoranassignmentontheamountofthecredit。Casanova’sangercausedaviolentdispute,inthecourseofwhichCarloGrimani,atwhosehousethescenetookplace,placedhiminthewrongandimposedsilence。
TheirascibleGiacomoconceivedaquickresentment。Todischargehisbile,hefoundnothinglessthantopublishinthecourseofthemonthofAugust,underthetitleof:’NeamorinedonneovverolaStallad’Angiarepulita’,alibelinwhichJeanCarloGrimani,Carletti,andothernotablepersonswereoutragedundertransparentmythologicalpseudonyms。
ThiswritingembroiledtheauthorwiththeentirebodyoftheVenetiannobility。
Toallowtheindignationagainsthimtoquietdown,CasanovawenttopasssomedaysatTrieste,thenreturnedtoVenicetoputhisaffairsinorder。Theideaofrecommencinghiswanderinglifealarmedhim。"Ihavelivedfifty—eightyears,"hewrote,"Icouldnotgoonfootwithwinterathand,andwhenIthinkofstartingontheroadtoresumemyadventurouslife,Ilaughatmyselfinthemirror。"
PARTTHESECOND
VIENNA—PARIS
I
1783—1785
TRAVELSIN1783
CasanovaleftVeniceinJanuary1783,andwenttoVienna。
Onthe16thAprilElisabethCatrolliwrotetohimatVienna:
"Dearestoffriends,"Yourletterhasgivenmegreatpleasure。Beassured,Iinfinitelyregretyourdeparture。Ihavebuttwosincerefriends,yourselfandCamerani。Idonothopeformore。IcouldbehappyifIcouldhaveatleastoneofyounearmetowhom1couldconfidemycruelanxieties。
"To—day,IreceivedfromCameranialetterinformingmethat,inaformerone,hehadsentmeabillofexchange:Ididnotreceiveit,andIfearithasbeenlost。
"Dearfriend,whenyoureachParis,clasphimtoyourheartforme……InregardtoChechina[FrancescaBuschini]IwouldsaythatIhavenotseenhersincethedayItookheryourletter。Hermotheristheruinofthatpoorgirl;letthatsuffice;Iwillsaynomore……"
AfterleavingVenice,CasanovaapparentlytookanopportunitytopayhislastdisrespectstotheTribunal。Atleast,inMay1783,M。Schlick,FrenchSecretaryatVenice,wrotetoCountVergennes:"LastweektherereachedtheStateInquisitorsananonymousletterstatingthat,onthe25thofthismonth,anearthquake,moreterriblethanthatofMessina,wouldrazeVenicetotheground。Thisletterhascausedapanichere。
Manypatricianshaveleftthecapitalandotherswillfollowtheirexample。Theauthoroftheanonymousletter……isacertainCasanova,whowrotefromViennaandfoundmeanstoslipitintotheAmbassador’sownmails。"
Inaboutfourmonths,CasanovawasagainonthewaytoItaly。HepausedforaweekatUdineandarrivedatVeniceonthe16thJune。Withoutleavinghisbarge,hepausedathishousejustlongenoughtosaluteFrancesca。HeleftMestreonTuesdaythe24thJuneandonthesamedaydinedatthehouseofF。ZanuzziatBassano。Onthe25thheleftBassanobypostandarrivedintheeveningatBorgodiValsugano。
Onthe29th,hewrotetoFrancescafromtheAugsbourg。HehadstoppedatInnsbrucktoattendthetheaterandwasinperfecthealth。HehadreachedFrankfortinforty—eighthours,travelingeighteenpostswithoutstopping。
>FromAix—la—Chapelle,onthe16thJuly,hewroteFrancescathathehadmet,inthatcity,Cattina,thewifeofPocchini。Pocchiniwassickandindeepmisery。Casanova,recallingalltheabominabletricksthisroguehadplayedonhimrefusedCattinatheassistanceshebeggedforintears,laughedinherface,andsaid:"Farewell,Iwishyouapleasantdeath。"
AtMayence,CasanovaembarkedontheRhineincompanywiththeMarquisDurazzo,formerAustrianAmbassadoratVenice。ThevoyagewasexcellentandintwodayshearrivedatCologne,inruggedhealth,sleepingwellandeatinglikeawolf。
Onthe3othJulyhewrotetoFrancescafromSpaandinthisletterenclosedagoodcoin。EverythingwasdearatSpa;hisroomcosteightliresadaywitheverythingelseinproportion。
Onthe6thSeptemberhewrotefromAntwerptooneofhisgoodfriends,theAbbeEusebiodellaLena,tellinghimthatatSpaanEnglishwomanwhohadapassionforspeakingLatinwishedtosubmithimtotrialswhichhejudgeditunnecessarytostateprecisely。Herefusedallherproposals,saying,however,thathewouldnotrevealthemtoanyone;butthathedidnotfeelheshouldrefusealso"anorderonherbankerfortwenty—fiveguineas。"
Onthe9thhewrotetoFrancescafromBrussels,andonthe12thhesentherabillofexchangeonthebankerCorradoforonehundredandfiftylires。Hesaidhehadbeenintoxicated"becausehisreputationhadrequiredit。""Thisgreatlyastonishesme,"Francescaresponded,"forI
haveneverseenyouintoxicatednorevenilluminated……Iamveryhappythatthewinedroveawaytheinflammationinyourteeth。"
PracticallyallinformationofCasanova’smovementsin1783and1784isobtainedfromFrancesca’sletterswhichwereinthelibraryatDux。
Inherlettersofthe27thJuneand11thJuly,FrancescawroteCasanovathatshehaddirectedtheJewAbrahamtosellCasanova’ssatinhabitandvelvetbreeches,butcouldnothopeformorethanfiftyliresbecausetheywerepatched。AbrahamhadobservedthatatonetimethehabithadbeenplacedinpledgewithhimbyCasanovaforthreesequins。
Onthe6thSeptember,shewrote:
"Withgreatpleasure,IreplytothethreedearletterswhichyouwrotemefromSpa:thefirstofthe6thAugust,fromwhichIlearnedthatyourdeparturehadbeendelayedforsomedaystowaitforsomeonewhowastoarriveinthatcity。Iwashappythatyourappetitehadreturned,becausegoodcheerisyourgreatestpleasure……
"InyoursecondletterwhichyouwrotemefromSpaonthe16thAugust,I
notedwithsorrowthatyouraffairswerenotgoingasyouwished。Butconsoleyourself,dearfriend,forhappinesswillcomeaftertrouble;atleast,Iwishitso,also,foryouyourselfcanimagineinwhatneedI
findmyself,Iandallmyfamily……Ihavenowork,becauseI
havenotthecouragetoaskitofanyone。MymotherhasnotearnedevenenoughtopayforthegoldthreadwiththelittlecrosswhichyouknowI
love。Necessitymademesellit。
"Ireceivedyourlastletterofthe20thAugustfromSpawithanotherletterforS。E。theProcuratorMorosini。Youdirectedmetotakeittohimmyself,andonSundaythelastdayofAugust,Ididnotfailtogothereexactlyatthreeo’clock。Atonceonmyarrival,Ispoketoaservantwhoadmittedmewithoutdelay;but,mydearfriend,Iregrethavingtosendyouanunpleasantmessage。AssoonasIhandedhimtheletter,andbeforeheevenopenedit,hesaidtome,’IalwaysknowCasanova’saffairswhichtroubleme。’Afterhavingreadhardlymorethanapage,hesaid:’Iknownotwhattodo!’Itoldhimthat,onthe6thofthismonth,IwastowriteyouatParisandthat,ifhewoulddomethehonorofgivingmehisreply,Iwouldputitinmyletter。Imaginewhatanswerhegaveme!Iwasmuchsurprised!HetoldmethatIshouldwishyouhappinessbutthathewouldnotwritetoyouagain。Hesaidnomore。
Ikissedhishandsandleft。Hedidnotgivemeevenasou。Thatisallhesaidtome……
"S。E。PietroZagurisenttometoaskifIknewwhereyouwere,becausehehadwrittentwoletterstoSpaandhadreceivednoreply……"
II
PARIS
Onthenightofthe18thor19thSeptember1783,CasanovaarrivedatParis。
Onthe30thhewroteFrancescathathehadbeenwellreceivedbyhissister—in—lawandbyhisbrother,FrancescoCasanova,thepainter。
Nearlyallhisfriendshaddepartedfortheotherworld,andhewouldnowhavetomakenewones,whichwouldbedifficultashewasnolongerpleasingtothewomen。
Onthe14thOctoberhewroteagain,sayingthathewasingoodhealthandthatPariswasaparadisewhichmadehimfeeltwentyyearsold。Fourlettersfollowed;inthefirst,datedfromParisonS。Martin’sDay,hetoldFrancesconottoreplyforhedidnotknowwhetherhewouldprolonghisvisitnorwherehemightgo。FindingnofortuneinParis,hesaidhewouldgoandsearchelsewhere。Onthe23rd,hesentonehundredandfiftylires;"atrueblessing,"tothepoorgirlwhowasalwaysshortofmoney。
Betweentimes,CasanovapassedeightdaysatFontainebleau,wherehemet"acharmingyoungmanoftwenty—five,"thesonof"theyoungandlovelyO’Morphi"whoindirectlyowedtohimherposition,in1752,asthemistressofLouisXV。"Iwrotemynameonhistabletsandbeggedhimtopresentmycomplimentstohismother。"
Healsomet,inthesameplace,hisownsonbyMme。Dubois,hisformerhousekeeperatSoleurewhohadmarriedthegoodM。Lebel。"Weshallhearoftheyounggentlemanintwenty—oneyearsatFontainebleau。"
"WhenIpaidmythirdvisittoParis,withtheintentionofendingmydaysinthatcapital,IreckonedonthefriendshipofM。d’Alembert,buthedied,like,Fontenelle,afortnightaftermyarrival,towardtheendof1783。"
Itisinterestingtoknowthat,atthistime,Casanovamethisfamouscontemporary,BenjaminFranklin。"Afewdaysafterthedeathoftheillustriousd’Alembert,"Casanovaassisted,attheoldLouvre,inasessionoftheAcademiedesInscriptionsetBelles—Lettres。"SeatedbesidethelearnedFranklin,IwasalittlesurprisedtohearCondorcetaskhimifhebelievedthatonecouldgivevariousdirectionstoanairballoon。Thiswastheresponse:’Thematterisstillinitsinfancy,sowemustwait。’Iwassurprised。Itisnotbelievablethatthegreatphilosophercouldignorethefactthatitwouldbeimpossibletogivethemachineanyotherdirectionthanthatgovernedbytheairwhichfillsit,butthesepeople’niltamverentur,quamnedubitarealiquaderevideantur。"
Onthe13thNovember,CasanovaleftParisincompanywithhisbrother,Francesco,whosewifedidnotaccompanyhim。"HisnewwifedrovehimawayfromParis。"
"Now[1797or1798]IfeelthatIhaveseenParisandFranceforthelasttime。Thatpopulareffervescence[theFrenchRevolution]hasdisgustedmeandIamtoooldtohopetoseetheendofit。"
III
VIENNA
Onthe29thNovember,CasanovawrotefromFrankfortthatadrunkenpostillonhadupsethimandinthefallhehaddislocatedhisleftshoulder,butthatagoodbone—setterhadrestoredittoplace。Onthe1stDecemberhewrotethathewashealed,havingtakenmedicineandhavingbeenblooded。HepromisedtosendFrancescaeightsequinstopayherrent。HereachedViennaaboutthe7thofDecemberandonthe15thsentFrancescdabillofexchangeforeightsequinsandtwolires。
Onthelastdayof1783,FrancescawrotetohimatVienna:
"IseebyyourgoodletterthatyouwillgotoDresdenandthentoBerlinandthatyouwillreturntoViennathe10thJanuary……
Iamastonished,mydearfriend,atthegreatjourneysyoumakeinthiscoldweather,but,still,youareagreatman,big—hearted,fullofspiritandcourage;youtravelinthisterriblecoldasthoughitwerenothing……"
Onthe9thJanuary,CasanovawrotefromDessautohisbrotherGiovanni,proposingtomakepeacewithhim,butwithoutresults。Onthe27th,hewasatPrague。Bythe16thFebruary,hewasagaininVienna,afteratriplastingsixty—twodays。Hishealthwasperfect,andhehadgainedfleshdue,ashewroteFrancesca,tohiscontentedmindwhichwasnolongertormented。
InFebruary,heenteredtheserviceofM。Foscarini,VenetianAmbassador,"towritedispatches。"
Onthe10thMarch,Francescawrote:
"DearestofFriends,Ireplyatoncetoyourgoodletterofthe28thFebruarywhichIreceivedSunday……Ithankyouforyourkindnesswhichmakesyousaythatyoulovemeandthatwhenyouhavemoneyyouwillsendmesome……butthatatthemomentyouaredryasasalamander。Idonotknowwhatsortofanimalthatis。ButasformeIamcertainlydryofmoneyandIamconsumedwiththehopeofhavingsome……IseethatyouwereamusedattheCarnivalandthatyouwerefourtimesatthemaskedball,wherethereweretwohundredwomen,andthatyoudancedminuetsandquadrillestothegreatastonishmentoftheambassadorFoscariniwhotoldeveryonethatyouweresixtyyearsold,althoughinrealityyouhavenotyetreachedyoursixtiethyear。Youmightwelllaughatthatandsaythathemustbeblindtohavesuchanidea。
"Iseethatyouassisted,withyourbrother,atagranddinnerattheAmbassador’s