"WedrovetoFerney，throughacharmingcountry，coveredwithcornandvines，inviewoftheLake，andMountainsofGex，SwitzerlandandSavoy。Onthelefthand，approachingtheHouse，isaneatChapelwiththisinscription:——
’DEOEREXITVOLTAIREMDCCLXI。’
Isenttoinquire，WhetherastrangermightbeallowedtoseetheHouseandGardens；andwasansweredintheaffirmative。Aservantsooncame，andconductedmeintothecabinetorclosetwherehisMasterhadjustbeenwriting:thisisnevershownwhenheisathome；buthavingwalkedout，Iwasallowedthatprivilege。
FromthenceIpassedtotheLibrary，whichisnotaverylargeone，butwellfilled。HereIfoundawhole—lengthFigureinmarbleofhimself，recumbent，inoneofthewindows；andmanycuriositiesinanotherroom；aBustofhimself，madenottwoyearssince；
hisMother’spicture；thatofhisNiece，MadamDenis；hisBrother，M。Dupuis；theCalasFamily；andothers。ItisaveryneatandelegantHouse；notlarge，noraffectedlydecorated。
"Ishouldfirsthaveremarked，thatclosetotheChapel，betweenthatandthehouse，istheTheatre，whichhebuiltsomeyearsago；
wherehetreatedhisfriendswithsomeofhisownTragedies:itisnowonlyusedasareceptacleforwoodandlumber，therehavingbeennoplayactedinitthesefouryears。TheservanttoldmehisMasterwas78[76gone]，butverywell。’ILTRAVAILLE，’saidhe，’PENDANTDIXHEURESCHAQUEJOUR，Hestudiestenhourseveryday；
writesconstantlywithoutspectacles，andwalksoutwithonlyadomestic，oftenamileortwo——ETLEVOILA，LABAS，Andsee，yonderheis！’
"Hewasgoingtohisworkmen。Myheartleapedatthesightofsoextraordinaryaman。HehadjustthenquittedhisGarden，andwascrossingthecourtbeforehisHouse。Seeingmychaise，andmeonthepointofmountingit，hemadeasigntohisservantwhohadbeenmyCICERONE，togotohim；inorder，Isuppose，toinquirewhoIwas。Aftertheyhadexchangedafewwordstogether，he，"M。deVoltaire，"approachedtheplacewhereIwasstandingmotionless，inordertocontemplatehispersonasmuchasIcouldwhilehiseyeswereturnedfromme；butonseeiughimmovetowardsme，Ifoundmyselfdrawnbysomeirresistiblepowertowardshim；and，withoutknowingwhatIdid，Iinsensiblymethimhalf—way。
"ItisnoteasytoconceiveitpossibleforlifetosubsistinaformsonearlycomposedofmereskinandboneasthatofM。deVoltaire。"ExtremelyleanoldGentleman！"Hecomplainedofdecrepitude，andsaid，HesupposedIwasanxioustoformanideaofthefigureofonewalkingafterdeath。However，hiseyesandwholecountenancearestillfulloffire；andthoughsoemaciated，amorelivelyexpressioncannotbeimagined。
"HeinquiredafterEnglishnews；andobservedthatPoeticalsquabbleshadgivenwaytoPoliticalones；butseemedtothinkthespiritofoppositionasnecessaryinpoetryasinpolitics。
’Lesquerellesd’auteurssontpourlebiendelalitterature，commedansungouvernementlibrelesquerellesdesgrands，etlesclameursdespetits，sontnecessairesalaliberte。’
Andadded，’Whencriticsaresilent，itdoesnotsomuchprovetheAgetobecorrect，asdull。’HeinquiredwhatPoetswehadnow；ItoldhimwehadMasonandGray。’Theywritebutlittle，’saidhe:’andyouseemtohavenoonewholordsitovertherest，likeDryden，PopeandSwift。’ItoldhimthatitwasoneoftheinconveniencesofPeriodicalJournals，howeverwellexecuted，thattheyoftensilencedmodestmenofgenius，whileimpudentblockheadswereimpenetrable，andunabletofeelthecritic’sscourge:thatMr。GrayandMr。Masonhadbothbeenilliberallytreatedbymechanicalcritics，eveninnewspapers；
andadded，thatmodestyandloveofquietseemedinthesegentlementohavegotthebetterevenoftheirloveoffame。
"Duringthisconversation，weapproachedthebuildingsthathewasconstructingneartheroadtohisChateau。’These，’saidhe，pointingtothem，’arethemostinnocent，andperhapsthemostuseful，ofallmyworks。’Iobservedthathehadotherworks，whichwereoffarmoreextensiveuse，andwouldbemuchmoredurable，thanthose。Hewassoobligingastoshowmeseveralfarm—housesthathehadbuilt，andtheplansofothers:afterwhichItookmyleave。"[Burney’sPresentStateofMusic
（London，1773），pp。55—62。
NO。2。AREVERENDMR。SHERLOCKSEESVOLTAIRE，ANDEVEN
DINESWITHHIM（April，1776）。
Sherlock’sBookofTRAVELS，thoughhewroteitintwolanguages，anditoncehaditsvogue，isnowlittleotherthanaDanceofWill—o’—wispstous。ABooktawdry，incoherent，indistinct，atonceflashyandopaque，fullofidleexcrescencesandexuberances；——asisthepoormanhimself。Hewas"ChaplaintotheEarlofBristol，BishopofDerry；"gyratingaboutasecclesiasticalMoontothatfamedSolarLuminary，whatcouldyouexpect！[TitleofhisBookis，LettersfromanEnglishTraveller；translatedfromtheFrenchOriginal（London，1780）。Ditto，
LettersfromanEnglishTrader；writtenoriginallyinFrench；bytheRev。MartinSherlock，A。M。，ChaplaintotheEarlofBristol，&c。（anewEdition，2vols。，London，1802）。]PoorSherlockisnowhereintentionallyfabulous；norintrinsicallyaltogethersofoolishasheseems:letthatsufficeus。InhisDanceofWill—o’—wisps，whichinthispointhappilyisdated，——26th—27thApril，1776，——hehadcometoFerney，withproperintroductiontoVoltaire；andhere（aftersevereexcisionoftheflabbyparts，butwithoutotherchange）iscredibleaccountofwhathesawandheard。
InThreeScenes；withthisPrologue，——astoCostume，whichisworthreadingtwice:——
VOLTAIRE’SDRESS。"OnthetwodaysIsawhim，heworewhiteclothshoes，whitewoollenstockings，redbreeches，withanightgownandwaistcoatofbluelinen，flowered，andlinedwithyellow。Hehadonagrizzlewigwiththreeties，andoveritasilknightcapembroideredwithgoldandsilver。"
SCENEI。THEENTRANCE—HALLOFFERNEY（Friday，26thApril，1776）:
EXUBERANTSHERLOCKENTERING，LETTEROFINTRODUCTIONHAVINGPRECEDED。
"Hemetinthehall；hisNephewM。d’Hornoi"（Grand—nephew；
AbbeMignot，famousforBURYINGVoltaire，andMadameDenis，whomweknow，wereD’Hornoi’sUncleandAunt）——Grand—nephew，"CounsellorintheParlementofParis，heldhimbythearm。Hesaidtome，withaveryweakvoice:’Youseeaveryoldman，whomakesagreatefforttohavethehonorofseeingyou。WillyoutakeawalkinmyGarden？
Itwillpleaseyou，foritisintheEnglishtaste:——itwasIwhointroducedthattasteintoFrance，anditisbecomeuniversal。
ButtheFrenchparodyyourGardens:theyputyourthirtyacresintothree。’
"FromhisGardensyouseetheAlps，theLake，theCityofGenevaanditsenvirons，whichareverypleasant。Hesaid:——
VOLTAIRE。"’Itisabeautifulprospect。’Hepronouncedthesewordstolerablywell。
SHERLOCK。"’HowlongisitsinceyouwereinEngland？’
VOLTAIRE。"’Fiftyyears，atleast。’[Notquite；in1728left；in1726hadcome。][Supra，vii。47。]
D’HORNOI。"’ItwasatthetimewhenyouprintedtheFirstEditionofyourHENRIADE。’
"WethentalkedofLiterature；andfromthatmomentheforgothisageandinfirmities，andspokewiththewarmthofamanofthirty。
HesaidsomeshockingthingsagainstMosesandagainstShakspeare。
[Likeenough！]……WethentalkedofSpain。
VOLTAIRE。"’ItisaCountryofwhichweknownomorethanofthemostsavagepartsofAfrica；anditisnotworththetroubleofbeingknown。Ifamanwouldtravelthere，hemustcarryhisbed，&c。OnarrivinginaTown，hemustgointoonestreettobuyabottleofwine；apieceofamule[bywayofbeef]inanother；
hefindsatableinathird，——andhesups。AFrenchNoblemanwaspassingthroughPampeluna:hesentoutforaspit；therewasonlyoneintheTown，andthatwaslentawayforawedding。’
D’HORNOI。"’There，Monsieur，isaVillagewhichM。deVoltairehasbuilt！’
VOLTAIRE。"’Yes，wehaveourfreedomshere。Cutoffalittlecorner，andweareoutofFrance。IaskedsomeprivilegesformyChildrenhere，andtheKinghasgrantedmeallthatIasked，andhasdeclaredthisPaysdeGexexemptfromallTaxesoftheFarmers—
General；sothatsalt，whichformerlysoldfortensousapound，nowsellsforfour。Ihavenothingmoretoask，excepttolive。’——
WewentintotheLibrary"（hadmadetheroundoftheGardens，Isuppose）。
SCENEII。INTHELIBRARY。
VOLTAIRE。"’Thereyoufindseveralofyourcountrymen[hehadShakspeare，Milton，Congreve，Rochester，Shaftesbury，Bolingbroke，Robertson，Humeandothers]。RobertsonisyourLivy；hisCHARLES
FIFTHiswrittenwithtruth。HumewrotehisHistorytobeapplauded，Rapintoinstruct；andbothobtainedtheirends。’
SHERLOCK。"’LordBolingbrokeandyouagreedthatwehavenotonegoodTragedy。’
VOLTAIRE。"’Wedidthinkso。CATOisincomparablywellwritten:
Addisonhadagreatdealoftaste；——buttheabyssbetweentasteandgeniusisimmense！Shakspearehadanamazinggenius，butnotaste:
hehasspoiledthetasteoftheNation。Hehasbeentheirtastefortwohundredyears；andwhatisthetasteofaNationfortwohundredyearswillbesofortwothousand。Thiskindoftastebecomesareligion；thereare，inyourCountry，agreatmanyFanaticsforShakspeare。’
SHERLOCK。"’WereyoupersonallyacquaintedwithLordBolingbroke？’
VOLTAIRE。"’Yes。Hisfacewasimposing，andsowashisvoice；
inhisWORKStherearemanyleavesandlittlefruit；
distortedexpressions，andperiodsintolerablylong。[TAKINGDOWNA
BOOK。]There，youseetheKORAN，whichiswellread，atleast。
[Itwasmarkedthroughoutwithbitsofpaper。]ThereareHISTORIC
DOUBTS，byHoraceWalpole[whichhadalsoseveralmarks]；hereistheportraitofRichardIII。；youseehewasahandsomeyouth。’
SHERLOCK（makinganabrupttransition）。"’YouhavebuiltaChurch？’
VOLTAIRE。"’True；anditistheonlyoneintheUniverseinhonorofGod[DEOEREXITVOLTAIRE，aswereadabove]:youhaveplentyofChurchesbuilttoSt。Paul，toSt。Genevieve，butnotonetoGod。’"
EXITSherlock（tohisInn；makesjottingasabove；——istodineatFerneyto—morrow）。
SCENEIII。DINNER—TABLEOFVOLTAIRE。
"Thenextday，aswesatdowntoDinner，"ourHostintheaboveshiningcostume，"hesaid，inEnglishtolerablypronounced:——
VOLTAIRE。"’Wearehereforlibertyandproperty！[parodyofsomeoldSpeechinParliament，letusguess，——libertyandproperty，myLords！]ThisGentleman——whomletmepresenttoMonsieurSherlock——
isaJesuit[oldPereAdam，whomIkeepforplayingChess，inhisold，unsheltereddays]；hewearshishat:Iamapoorinvalid，——
Iwearmynightcap。’……
"Idonotnowrecollectwhyhequotedtheseverses，alsoinEnglish，byRochester，onCHARLESSECOND:——
’Hereliesthemutton—eatingKing，Whoneversaidafoolishthing，Noreverdidawiseone。’
ButspeakingofRacine，hequotedthisCouplet（ofRoscomman’sESSAYONTRANSLATEDVERSE）:——
’TheweightybullionofonesterlinglineDrawntoFrenchwirewouldthroughwholepagesshine。
SHERLOCK。"’TheEnglishpreferCorneilletoRacine。’
VOLTAIRE。"’ThatisbecausetheEnglisharenotsufficientlyacquaintedwiththeFrenchtonguetofeelthebeautiesofRacine’sstyle，ortheharmonyofhisversification。Corneilleoughttopleasethemmorebecauseheismorestriking；butRacinepleasestheFrenchbecausehehasmoresoftnessandtenderness。’
SHERLOCK。"’Howdidyoufind[LIKE]theEnglishfare（LACHERE
ANGLAISE？’——whichVoltairemischievouslytakesfor’thedearEnglishwoman’）。
VOLTAIRE。"’Ifoundherveryfreshandwhite，’——truly！[Itshouldberemembered，thatwhenhemadethispunuponWomenhewasinhiseighty—thirdyear。]
SHERLOCK。"’Theirlanguage？’
VOLTAIRE。"’Energetic，preciseandbarbarous；theyaretheonlyNationthatpronouncetheirAasE……[Andsometimeafterwards]
ThoughIcannotperfectlypronounceEnglish，myearissensibleoftheharmonyofyourlanguageandofyourversification。PopeandDrydenhavethemostharmonyinPoetry；AddisoninProse。’
[Takesnowtheinterrogatingside。]
VOLTAIRE。"’Howhaveyouliked（AVEX—VOUSTROUVE）theFrench？’
SHERLOCK。"’Amiableandwitty。Ionlyfindonefaultwiththem:
theyimitatetheEnglishtoomuch。’
VOLTAIRE。"’How！Doyouthinkusworthytobeoriginalsourselves？’
SHERLOCK。"’Yes，Sir。’
VOLTAIRE。"’SodoItoo:——butitisofyourGovernmentthatweareenvious。’
SHERLOCK。"’IhavefoundtheFrenchfreerthanIexpected。’
VOLTAIRE。"’Yes，astowalking，oreatingwhateverhepleases，orlollinginhiselbow—chair，aFrenchmanisfreeenough；butastotaxes——Ah，Monsieur，youarealuckyNation；youcandowhatyoulike；poorweareborninslavery:wecannotevendieaswewill；
wemusthaveaPriest[can’tgetburiedotherwise；amoftenthinkingofthat！]……Well，iftheEnglishdosellthemselves，itisaproofthattheyareworthsomething:weFrenchdon’tsellourselves，probablybecauseweareworthnothing。’
SHERLOCK。"’WhatisyouropinionoftheELOISE’[Rousseau’simmortalWork]？
VOLTAIRE。"’Thatitwillnotbereadtwentyyearshence。’
SHERLOCK。"’Mademoiselledel’EncloswrotesomegoodLETTERS？’
VOLTAIRE。"’Sheneverwroteone；theywerebythewretchedCrebillon’[mybeggarlyold"Rival"inthePompadourepoch]！……
VOLTAIRE。"’TheItaliansareaNationofbrokers。ItalyisanOld—
Clothesshop；inwhichtherearemanyOldDressesofexquisitetaste……Butwearestilltoknow，WhetherthesubjectsofthePopeoroftheGrandTurkarethemoreabject。’[WehavenowgonetotheDrawing—room，Ithink，thoughitisnotjotted。]
"HetalkedofEnglandandofShakspeare；andexplainedtoMadameDenispartofaSceneinHenryFifth，wheretheKingmakeslovetoQueenCatherineinbadFrench；andofanotherinwhichthatQueentakesalessoninEnglishfromherWaiting—woman，andwherethereareseveralverygrossdouble—entendres"——but，Ihope，didnotlongdwellonthese……
VOLTAIRE。"’WhenIseeanEnglishmansubtleandfondoflawsuits，I
say，"ThereisaNorman，whocameinwithWilliamtheConqueror。"
WhenIseeamangood—naturedandpolite，"ThatisonewhocamewiththePlantagenets；"abrutalcharacter，"ThatisaDane:"——foryourNation，Monsieur，aswellasyourLanguage，isamedleyofmanyothers。’
"Afterdinner，passingthroughalittleParlorwheretherewasaheadofLocke，anotheroftheCountessofCoventry，andseveralmore，hetookmebythearmandstoppedme:’DoyouknowthisBust[bustofSirIsaacNewton]？Itisthegreatestgeniusthateverexisted:ifallthegeniusesoftheUniversewereassembled，heshouldleadtheband。’
"ItwasofNewton，andofhisownWorks，thatM。deVoltairealwaysspokewiththegreatestwarmth。"[Sherlock，LETTERS（London，1802），i。98—106。]（EXITSherlock，tojotdowntheabove，andthenceintoInfiniteSpace。）
GENERALORFIELDMARSHALCONWAY，DIRECTFROMTHELONDONCIRCLES，ATTENDSONEOFFRIEDRICH’SREVIEWS（August—September，1774）。
NowthatFriedrich’sMilitaryDepartmentisgotcompletelyintotrimagain，whichhereckonstohavebeenabout1770，hisannualReviewsarebecomingveryfamousoverEurope；andintelligentOfficersofallCountriesareeagertobepresent，andinstructthemselvesthere。TheReviewisbeautifulasaSpectacle；butthatisinnosorttheintentionofit。Rigorousbusiness，asinthestrictestofUniversitiesexaminingforDegrees，wouldbenearerthedefinition。Sometimes，whenanewmanoeuvreortacticalinventionofimportanceistobetriedbyexperiment，youwillfindformanymilestheenvironsofPotsdam，whichisusuallythesceneofsuchexperiments，carefullyshutin；sentriesoneveryroad，nounfriendlyeyeadmitted；thethingdoneaswithcloseddoors。Noratanytimecanyouattendwithoutleaveasked；thoughtoForeignOfficers，andpersonsthathavereallybusinessthere，thereappearstobeliberalityenoughingrantingit。Theconcourseofmilitarystrangersseemstokeepincreasingeveryyear，tillFriedrich’sdeath。[Rodenbeck，iii。INLOCIS。]French，moreandmoreinquantity，presentthemselves；multifariousGermannames；
generallyafewEnglishtoo，——Burgoyne（ofSaratogafinally），Cornwallis，DukeofYork，MarshalConway，——ofwhichlastwehavesomethingfarthertosayatpresent。
InSummer，1774，Conway——theMarshalConway，ofwhomWalpoleiscontinuallytalkingasofaconsiderableSoldierandPolitician，thoughhewasnotineithercharacterconsiderable，butwasWalpole’sfriend，andanhonestmodestman——hadmadeuphismind，perhapspartlyondomesticgrounds（forIhavenoticedglimpsesofa"LadyC。"muchoutofhumor），tomakeaTourinGermany，andseetheReviews，bothAustrianandPrussian，Prussianespecially。
TwoimmenseLETTERSofhisonthatsubjecthavecomeintomyhands，[KindlypresentedmebyCharlesKnight，Esq。，thewell—knownAuthorandPublisher（whopossessesaCollectionbythesamehand）:
theseTworuntofourteenlargepagesinmyCopy！]andelsewhereincidentallythereisprintedrecordoftheTour；[InKeith（SirRobertMurray），MemoirsandCorrespondence，
ii。21et，seq。]unimportantaspossible，bothTourandLetters，butcapable，ifsqueezedintocompass，ofstillbeingreadwithoutdisadvantagehere。
SirRobertMurrayKeith——thatis，theyoungerExcellencyKeith，nowMinisteratDresden，whomwehavesometimesheardof——accompaniesConwayonthisTour，orfliesalongsideofhim，withfrequentintersectionsattheprincipalpoints；andthereisprintedrecordbySirRobert，butstilllessinterestingthanthisofConway，andperfectlyconformabletoit:——sothat，exceptforsomewordsabouttheLordMarischal，whichshallbegiven，Keithmustremainsilent，whilethediffuseConwaystrivestobecomeintelligible。
Indeed，neitherConwaynorKeithtellustheleastthingthatisnotabundantly，andevenwearisomelyknownfromGermansources；
buttoreadershere，apairofEnglisheyeslookingonthematter（putstraightinplacesbythehelpthereis），maygiveitacertainfreshnessofmeaning。HereareConway’sTwoLetters，withtheninepartsofwatercharitablysqueezedoutofthem，byaskilfulfriendofmineandhis。
CONWAYTOHISBROTHER，MARQUISOFHERTFORD（inLondon）。
"BERLIN，July17th，1774。
"DEARBROTHER，——InthehurryIlivein——……LeavingBrunswick，where，inabsenceofmostoftheCourt，whoarevisitingatPotsdam，myoldCommander，"DukeFerdinand，nowestrangedfromPotsdam，[HadakindofquarrelwithFriedrichin1766（roughtreatmentbyAdjutantvonAnhalt，nottolerabletoaCaptainnowbecomesoeminent），andquietlywithdrew，——stillonspeakingtermswiththeKing，butneverhisOfficermore。]andlivinghereamongworksofArt，andspeculationsonFreeMasonry，"wasverykindtome，IwenttoCelle，inHanover，topaymyrespectstotheQueenofDenmark[unfortunatedivorcedMatilda，savedbymyfriendKeith，——
innocent，Iwillhope！]……Sheisgrownextremelyfat……
AtMagdeburg，thePrussianFrontieronthisside，oneisnotallowed，withoutapermit，eventowalkontheramparts，——suchthestrictnessofPrussianrule……DrivingthroughPotsdam，onmywaytoBerlin，IwasstoppedbyaservantofthegoodoldLordMarischal，whohadspiedmeasIpassedunderhiswindow。Hecameoutinhisnightgown，andinsisteduponourstayingtodinewithhim——[worthyoldman；awordofhim，werethisLetterdone]。
Weended，onconsultationabouttimesandmovementsoftheKing，bystayingthreedaysatPotsdam，mostlywiththisexcellentoldLord。
"Onthethirdday[yesterdayevening，infact]，Iwent，byappointment，totheNewPalace，towaitupontheKingofPrussia。
Therewassomedelay:hisMajestyhadgone，intheinterim，toaprivateConcert，whichhewasgivingtothePrincesses[DuchessofBrunswickandotherhighguests[Rodenbeck（INDIE）iii。98。]]；
butthemomenthewastoldIwasthere，hecameoutfromhiscompany，andgavemeamostflatteringgraciousaudienceofmorethanhalfanhour；talkingonagreatvarietyofthings，withaneaseandfreedomtheveryreverseofwhatIhadbeenmadetoexpect……Iasked，andreceivedpermission，tovisittheSilesianCampsnextmonth，hisMajestymostgraciouslytellingmetheparticulardaystheywouldbeginandend[27thAugust—3dSeptember，SchmelwitznearBreslau，aretimeandplace[Ib。iii。101。]]。
ThisconsiderablyderangesmyAustrianmovements，andwillhurrymyreturnoutofthoseparts:butwhocouldresistsuchatemptation！
——IsawtheFoot—Guardsexercise，especiallythesplendid’FirstBattalion；’IcouldhaveconceivednothingsoperfectandsoexactasallIsaw:——sowelldressed，suchmen，andsopunctualinalltheydid。
"TheNewPalaceatPotsdamisextremelynoble。Notsoperfect，perhaps，inpointoftaste，butbetterthanIhadbeenledtoexpect。TheKingdislikeslivingthere；neverdoes，exceptwhenthereishighCompanyabouthim；forsevenoreightmonthsintheyear，heprefersLittleSans—Souci，andfreedomamonghisintimatesandsomeofhisGenerals……HisMusicstilltakesupagreatshareoftheKing’stime。OnatableinhisCabinetthere，Isaw，I
believe，twentyboxeswithaGermanfluteineach；inhisBed—
chamber，twiceasmanyboxesofSpanishsnuff；and，alikeinCabinetandinBed—chamber，threearm—chairsinarowforthreefavoritedogs，eachwithalittlestoolbywayofstep，thatthegettingupmightbeeasy……
"TheTownofPotsdamisamostextraordinaryand，initsappearance，beautifulTown；allthestreetsperfectlystraight，allatrightanglestoeachother；andallthehousesbuiltwithhandsome，generallyelegantfronts……Hebuildsforeverybodywhohasabadorasmallhouse，eventhelowestmechanic。HehasdonethesameatBerlin。"Altogether，hisMajesty’sbuildingoperationsareastonishing。And"fromwhencedoesthismoneycome，afteralongexpensiveWar？Itisallfairylandandenchantment，"——MAGNUM
VECTIGALPARSIMONIA，infact！……"AtBerlinhere，IsawthePorcelainManufactureto—day，whichisgreatlyimproved。Ileavepresently。Adieu，dearBrother；excusemyendlessLetter[sinceyoucannotsqueezethewateroutofit，assomewill！]——
Yoursmostsincerely，"HENRYSEYMOURCONWAY。"
KeithisnowMinisteratDresdenforsomeyearsback；andhas，amongothertopics，muchtosayofourbrilliantfriendtheElectressthere:buthisgrandDiplomaticfeatwasatCopenhagen，onasuddensallyoutthither（in1771）:[InKEITH，i。152&c。，nothingofintelligibleNarrativegiven，hardlythedatediscoverable。]thesavingofQueenMatilda，youngestSisterofGeorgeThird，fromaharddoom。UnfortunateQueenMatilda；
oneneverknowshowguilty，orwhetherguiltyatall，butshewasveryunfortunate，pooryoungLady！WhatwithamadHusbandcollapsedbydebaucheriesintostuporofinsanity；whatwithaDoctor，graduallyaPrimeMinister，Struensee，wretchedscarecrowtolookupon，butwiserthanmostDanesabout；andfinally，withalynx—eyedStep—sister，whoseSon，shouldMatildamistake，willinherit，——unfortunateMatildahadfallenintotheawfulesttroubles；gotdivorced，imprisoned，wouldhavelostherheadalongwithscarecrowStruenseehadnotherBrotherGeorgeIII。
emphaticallyintervened，——ExcellencyKeith，withSeventy—foursinthedistance，comingoutverystrongontheoccasion，——andgotherloose。LoosefromDanishaxeandjail，atanyrate；deliveredintosafetyandsolitudeatCelleinHanover，whereshenowis，——andsoonaftersuddenlydiesoffever，soclosingaverysadshorthistory。
ExcellencyKeith，famedintheDiplomaticcircleseversince，isatpresentaheadofConwayontheirjointroadtotheAustrianReviews。BeforegivingConway’sSecondLetter，letushearKeithalittleonhiskinsmantheOldMarischal，whomhesawatBerlinyearsago，andstilloccasionallycorrespondswith，andmentionsinhisCorrespondence。KeithLOQUITUR；dateisDresden，February，1770:——
HASVISITEDTHEOLDMARISCHALATPOTSDAMLATELY……"MystayofthreedayswithLordMarischal……HeisthemostinnocentofGod’screatures；andhisheartismuchwarmerthanhishead。Theplaceofhisabode，"Imustsay，"istheveryTempleofDulness；
andhisFemaleCompanion[apoorTurkfoundling，aperishinginfantflungintohislateBrother’shandsattheFallofOczakow，[Supra，vii。82。]——whomtheMarischalhascarefullybroughtup，andwhorefusestomarryawayfromhim，——ratherstupid，notveryprettybythePortraits；mustnowbetwo—and—thirtygone]isperfectlycalculatedtobethePriestessofit！Yethedawdlesawayhisdayinamannernotunpleasanttohim；andIreallyampersuadedhehasaconsciencethatwouldgildtheinsideofadungeon。Thefeatsofourbare—leggedwarriorsinthelateWar[BERG—SCHOTTEN，amongwhomIwasaColonel]，accompaniedbyaPIBRACH[elegiacbagpipedroningMORESUO]inhisouterroom，haveaneffectontheoldDon，whichwoulddelightyou。"[Keith，i。129；"Dresden，25thFebruary，1770:"
tohisSisterinScotland。]
ANDTHENSEENHIMINBERLIN，ONTHESAMEOCCASION……
"LordMarischalcametomeetmeatSirAndrew’s[Mitchell’s，inBerlin，thelastyearofthebraveMitchell’slife]，wherewepassedfivedaystogether。Myvisittohiscountryresidence，"asyoualreadyknow，"wasofthreedays；andIhadreasontobeconvincedthatitgavetheoldDongreatpleasure。Hetalkedtomewiththegreatestopennessandconfidenceofallthematerialincidentsofhislife；andhintedoftenthatthehonoroftheClanwasnowtobesupportedbyourfamily，forallofwhomhehadthegreatestesteem。Histaste，hisideas，andhismannerofliving，areamixtureofAberdeenshireandtheKingdomofValencia；andasheseekstomakenonewfriends，heseemstoretainastrong，thoughsilent，attachmentforhisoldones。Astohispoliticalprinciples，Ibelievehimthemostsincereofconverts"toWhiggeryandOrthodoxy……"SinceIbeganthis，IhavehadamostinimitableLetterfromLordMarischal。IhadmentionedDr。Bailiestohim[notedEnglishDoctoratDresden，bentoninoculatingandthelike]，andbeggedhewouldsendmeastateofhiscaseandinfirmities，thattheDoctormightprescribeforhim。Thisisapartofhisanswer:——
"’IthankyouforyouradviceofconsultingtheEnglishDoctortorepairmyoldcarcass。Ihavelatelydonesobymyoldcoach，anditisnowalmostasgoodasnew。Please，therefore，totelltheDoctor，thatfromhimIexpectagoodrepair，andshallstatethecase。First，hemustknowthatthemachineistheworseforwear，beingnearlyeightyyearsold。ThereparationIproposeheshallbeginwithis:Onepairofneweyes，onepairofnewears，someimprovementonthememory。Whenthisisdone，weshallasknewlegs，andsomechangeinthestomach。Forthepresent，thisfirstreparationwillbesufficient；andwemustnottroubletheDoctortoomuchatonce。’——YouseebythishoweasyhisLordship’sinfirmitiessituponhim；anditisreallysoashesays。
YourfriendSirAndrewis，Iamafraid，lessgay；butIhavenotheardfromhimthesethreemonths。"[Keith，i。132，133；"Dresden，13thMarch，1770:"tohisFather。]
CONWAYTOKEITH，ONTHELATETHREEDAYSATPOTSDAM。
[Date，"Dresden，21stJuly，1774:"inKEITH，ii。15。]"IstayedthreedaysatPotsdam，withmuchentertainment，forgoodpartofwhichIamobligedtoyourExcellency’soldfriendLordMarischal，whoshowedmeallthekindnessandcivilitypossible。HestoppedmeasIpassed，andnotonlymademedinewithhimthatday，butinamannerlivewithhim。Heisnotatallblind，asyouimagined；
somuchotherwise，thatIsawhimread，withoutspectacles，adifficulthandIcouldnoteasilydecipher……StayedbutadayatBerlin；"amrushingafteryou:——HereismySecondLetter:——
CONWAY’SSECONDLETTER（tohisBrother，asbefore）。
"SCHMELWITZ[nearBreslau]HEAD—QUARTERS，August31st，1774。
"DEARBROTHER……IleftthatCamp[AustrianCamp，andReviewsinHungary，wheretheKaiserandeverybodyhadbeenverygracioustome]withmuchregret。"PartedregretfullywithKeith；——hadplayed，atPresburg，insightofhimandfourteenotherEnglishmen，agamewiththeChessAutomaton[brand—newmiracle，justout]；[Accountofit，andofthisgame，inKEITHtoo（ii。18；"View，3dSeptember，1774:"KeithtohisFather）。]——cameonthroughViennahitherward，asfastaspost—horsescouldcarryus；travellingnightandday，withoutstopping，beingratherbehindtime。"ArrivedatBreslauneardark，lastnight；whereIlearntthattheCampwastwentymilesoff；thattheKingwasgonethere，andthattheManoeuvreswouldbeginatfourorfivethismorning。Ithereforeorderedmychaiseattwelveatnight，andsetout，indarknessandrain，tobepresentedtotheKingofPrussianextmorningatfive，attheheadofhistroops……WhenIarrived，beforefive，attheplacecalled’Head—quarters，’IfoundmyselfinthemiddleofamiserableVillage[thisSchmelwitzhere]；nocreaturealiveorstirring，norasentinel，oranyMilitaryobjecttobeseen……Assoonasanythingalivewastobefound，weasked，IftheKingwaslodgedinthatVillage？’Yes，’theysaid，’inthatHouse’（pointingtoaclayHovel）。ButGeneralLentulussoonappeared；and——
"HisMajestyhasbeenverygracious；askedmemanyquestionsaboutmytourtoHungary。IsawalltheTroopspasshimastheyarrivedinCamp。Theymadeaveryfineappearancereally，thoughitrainedhardthewholetimewewereout；andashisMajesty[age62]didnotcloak，wewereallheartilywet。And，whatwasworse，wentfromthefieldtoOrders[givingoutofParole，andthelike]athisQuarters，theretomakeourbow；——wherewestayedinourwetclothesanhourandhalf[towards10A。M。bythistime]……
HowdifferentattheEmperor’s，whenhisImperialMajestyandeverybodywascloaked！[Gotnohurtbythewet，strangetosay。]……Theseareournewstothisday。Andnow，havingsatupfivenightsoutofthelastsix，andbeeninrainanddirtalmostallday，Iwishyousincerelygood—night。——H。S。C。
"P。S。Breslau，4thSeptember。——……MyPrussianCampaignisfinished，andasmuchtomysatisfactionaspossible。ThebeautyandorderoftheTroops，theirgreatdiscipline，their"&c。&c。，"almostpassallbelief……Yesterdaywewereonhorsebackearly，atfouro’clock。Themovementwasconductedwithaspiritandorder，onbothsides，thatwasastonishing，andstruckthemoredelightful（SIC）bythevariety，asinthecourseoftheActiontheEnemy，conductedbyGeneralAnhalt[headallrightasyet]，tookthreedifferentpositionsbeforehisfinalretreat。
"Themomentitwasover[nineo’clockorso]，hisMajestygotafreshhorse，andsetoutforPotsdam，afterreceivingthecomplimentsofthosepresent，orratherholdingakindofshortLeveeinthefield。Ican’tsayhowmuch，inmyparticular，IamobligedtohisMajestyforhisextraordinaryreception，anddistinctionshownmethroughout。EachdayaftertheManoeuvre，andgivingtheOrdersoftheday，heheldalittleLeveeatthedoor，orinthecourt；atwhich，Icanassureyou，itisnotanexaggerationofvanitytosay，thathenotonlytalkedtome，butliterallytonobodyelseatall。Itwasagooddealeachtime，andassoonasfinishedhemadehisbow，andretired，thoughall，ormost，oftheotherForeignerswerestandingby，aswellashisownGenerals。Healsocalledmeup，andspoketomeseveraltimesonhorseback，whenwewereout，whichheseldomdidtoanybody。
"ThePrinceRoyalalsoshowedmemuchcivility。Thesecondday，heaskedmetocomeanddrinkadishofteawithhimafterdinner，andkeptmeanhourandhalf。Hetoldme，amongotherthings，thattheKingofPrussiahadahighopinionofme，andthatitcamechieflyfromthefavorablemannerinwhichDukeFerdinandandtheHereditaryPrince[ofBrunswick]hadspokenofme……PrayletHoraceWalpoleknowmyaddress，thatImayhaveallthechanceI
canofhearingfromhim。ButifhecomestoParis，Iforgivehim。——
H。S。C。"
Friedrich’sReviews，thoughfinetolookupon，orindeedthefinestintheworld，werebynomeansofspectacularnature；butofaltogetherseriousandpractical，almostofsolemnandterrible，tothepartiesinterested。LikethestrictestCollegeExaminationforDegrees，aswesaid；likeaRoyalAssizeorDoomsdayoftheYear；
toMilitarypeople，andovertheupperclassesofBerlinSociety，nothingcouldbemoreserious，MajorKaltenborn，anEx—PrussianOfficer，presumablyofover—talkativehabits，whosoundsonuslikeaverymess—roomofthetimeallgatheredunderonehat，——describesinanalmostawfulmannerthekindofterrorwithwhichallpeopleawaitedtheseAnnualAssizesfortrialofmilitarymerit。
"Whatasight，"sayshe，"andawakeningwhatthoughts，thatofabodyoffrom18，000to20，000soldiers，insolemnsilenceandindeepestreverence，awaitingtheirfatefromoneman！AReview，inFriedrich’stime，wasanimportantmomentforalmostthewholeCountry。Thefortuneofwholefamiliesoftendependedonit:
fromwives，mothers，childrenandfriends，duringthoseterriblethreedays，therearoseferventwishestoHeaven，thatmisfortunemightnot，aswastoofrequentlythecase，befalltheirhusbands，fathers，sonsandfriends，inthecourseofthem。HeretheKing，asitwere，weighedthemeritsofhisOfficers，anddistributed，accordingashefoundthemlightorheavy，praiseorblame，rebukesorfavors；andoften，toooften，punishments，tobefeltthroughlife。Onesingleunhappymoment[especiallyifitwerethelastofalongseriesofsuch！]oftendeprivedthebravestOfficerofhisbread，painfullyearnedinpeaceandwar，andofhisreputationandhonor，atleastintheeyesofmostmen，whojudgeofeverythingonlybyitsissue。Thehigheryouhadrisen，theeasieranddeeperyourfallmightbeatanunluckyReview。TheHeadsandCommandersofregimentswerealwaysindangerofbeingsentabouttheirbusiness（WEGGEJAGT）。"
Thefactis，IKaltenbornquittedthePrussianService，andtookHessian，——being（presumably）ofexaggerative，over—talkativenature，andstronglygravitatingOppositionway！——KaltenbornadmitsthattheKingdelightedinnothingsomuchastoseepeople’sfacescheerfulabouthim；providedthepriceforitwerenottoohigh。
Hereisanotherpassagefromhim:——
"Atlatestby9inthemorningtheday’sManoeuvrehadfinished，andeverythingwasalreadyinitsplaceagain。StraightfromthegroundallHeadsofregiments，theMajors—DE—JOUR，allAides—de—
Camp，andfromeverybattaliononeOfficer，proceedtoHead—
quarters。Itwasimpossibletospeakmorebeautifully，orinstructively，thantheKingdidonsuchoccasions，ifhewerenotinbadhumor。ItwasthenaverydelighttohearhimdeliveraMilitaryLecture，asitwere。Heknewexactlywhohadfailed，whatcausedthefault，andhowitmightandshouldhavebeenretrieved。
Hisvoicewassoftandpersuasive（HINREISSEND）；helookedkindly，andappearedratherbentupongivinggoodadvicethancommands。
"Thus，forinstance，heoncesaidtoGeneralvanLossow，HeadoftheBlackHussars:’Your（SEINE）Attackwouldhavegoneverywell，hadnotyourownsquadronpressedforwardtoomuch（VORGEPRELLT）。
Thebravefellowswantedtoshowmehowtheycanride。Butdon’tI
knowthatwellenough；——andalsothatyou[covetousLossow]alwayschoosethebesthorsesfromthewholeremountforyourownsquadron！Therewas，therefore，noneedatallforthat。Tellyourpeoplenottodosoto—morrow，andyouwillseeitwillgomuchbetter；allwillremaincloserintheirplaces，andtheleftwingbeabletokeepbetterinline，incomingon。’——Anothertime，havingobserved，inacertainFoot—regiment，thatthesoldiersweretoolongingettingouttheircartridges，hesaidtotheCommandant:’Doyouknowthecauseofthis，mydearColonel？
Look，thecartouche，inthecartridge—box，has32holes；intothesethefellowstickshiseightcartridges，withoutcaringhow:andsothepoordevilfumblesandgropesabout，andcannotgetholdofany。Butnow，iftheOfficerswouldlooktoitthatheplacethemallwelltogetherinthemiddleofthecartouche，hewouldnevermakeafalsegrasp，andtheloadingwouldgoasquickagain。
OnlytellyourOfficersthatIhadmadethisobservation，andIamsuretheywillgladlyattendtoit。’"[Anonymous（Kaltenborn），BriefeeinesaltenPreussischenOfficiers
（Hohenzollern，1790），ii。24—26。]
OfhumaneconsolatoryAnecdotes，inthiskind，ourOppositionKaltenborngivesseveral；oftherhadamanthinedesolatingordestructivekind，thoughsuchalsocouldnotbewanting，ifyourAssizeistobegoodforanything，hegivesusnone。AndsofarasIcanlearn，theeffectivepunishments，dismissalsandthelike，wereoftheduerarityandpropriety；thoughtheflashesofunjustrebuke，fulminantseverity，lightningsfromthegloomofone’sownsorrowsandill—humor，weremuchmorefrequent，butwereseldom——I
donotknowifever——persistedintothelengthofpracticalresult。ThisisaRhadamanthusmuchinterestednottobeunjust，andtodiscriminategoodfrombad！OfZiethentherearetwofamousReviewAnecdotes，omittedandomissiblebyKaltenborn，sowellknownarethey:oneofeachkind。AtacertainReview，yearnotascertainable，——longsince，priortotheSeven—YearsWar，——theKing’shumorwasofthegrimmest，nothingbutfaultsallround；
toZiethenhimself，andtheZiethenHussars，hesaidvarioushardthings，andatlengththishardest:"Outofmysightwithyou！"
[MadamedeBlumenthal，LifeofZiethen，i。
265。]UponwhichZiethen——astratumofred—hotkindlinginZiethentoo，aswaseasilypossible——turnstohisHussars，"Rightabout，RECHTSUM:march！"andontheinstantdidasbidden。
Disappeared，double—quick；andatthesamehighpace，inahighframeofmind，rattledontoBerlin，hometohisquarters，andtherefirstdrewbridle。"Turn；forHeaven’ssake，bethinkyou！"
saidmorethanonefriendwhomhemetontheroad:butitwasofnouse。Everybodysaid，"Ziethenisruined；"butZiethenneverheardofthethingmore。
AnecdoteSecondisnotproperlyofaReview，butofanincidentalParadeoftheGuard，atBerlin（25thDecember，1784），bytheKinginperson:Parade，orrathergivingoutoftheParoleafterit，intheKing’sApartments；whichisalwaysakindofMilitaryLeveeaswell；——andwhich，inthisinstance，waslongfamousamongtheBerlinpeople。KingisjustarrivedforCarnivalseason；
oldZiethenwillnotfailtopayhisduty，thoughclimbingofthestairsisheavytoamanof85gone。ThisisMadamBlumenthal’sNarrative（corrected，asitneeds，incertainpoints）:——
"SATURDAY，25thDECEMBER，1784，Ziethen，inspiteoftheburdenofeighty—sixyears，wenttothePalace，attheendoftheParade，topayhisSovereignthislasttributeofrespect，andtohavethepleasureofseeinghimaftersixmonths’absence。TheParolewasgivenout，theordersimpartedtotheGenerals，andtheKinghadturnedtowardsthePrincesoftheBlood，——whenheperceivedZiethenontheothersideoftheHall，betweenhisSonandhistwoAides—
de—Camp。Surprisedinaveryagreeablemanneratthisunexpectedsight，hebrokeoutintoanexclamationofjoy；anddirectlymakinguptohim，——’What，mygoodoldZiethen，areyouthere！’saidhisMajesty:’HowsorryamIthatyouhavehadthetroubleofwalkingupthestaircase！Ishouldhavecalleduponyoumyself。Howhaveyoubeenoflate？’’Sire，’answeredZiethen，（myhealthisnotamiss，myappetiteisgood；butmystrength！mystrength！’
’Thisaccount，’repliedtheKing，’makesmehappybyhalvesonly:
butyoumustbetired；——Ishallhaveachairforyou。’
[ThingunexampledintheannalsofRoyalty！]Achair，"onordertoZiethen’sAides—de—Camp，"wasquicklybrought。Ziethen，however，declaredthathewasnotatallfatigued:theKingmaintainedthathewas。’Sitdown，goodFather（MEINLIEBERALTERPAPAZIETHEN，SETZEERSICHDOCH）！’continuedhisMajesty:’Iwillhaveitso；
otherwiseImustinstantlyleavetheroom；forIcannotallowyoutobeincommodedundermyownroof。’TheoldGeneralobeyed，andFriedrichtheGreatremainedstandingbeforehim，inthemidstofabrilliantcirclethathadthrongedroundthem。Afteraskinghimmanyquestionsrespectinghishearing，hismemoryandthegeneralstateofhishealth，heatlengthtookleaveofhiminthesewords:
’Adieu，mydearZiethen[itwashislastadieu！]——takecarenottocatchcold；nurseyourselfwell，andliveaslongasyoucan，thatImayoftenhavethepleasureofseeingyou。’Afterhavingsaidthis，theKing，insteadofspeakingtotheotherGenerals，andwalkingthroughthesaloons，asusual，retiredabruptly，andshuthimselfupinhiscloset。"[Blumenthal，ii。341；
Militair—Lexikon，iv。318。ChodowieckihasmadeanEngravingofthisScene；usefultolookatforitsmilitaryPortraits，ifoflittleesteemotherwise。Strangelyenough，bothinBLUMENTHALandinChodowiecki’sENGRAVINGtheyearisgivenas1785
（plainlyimpossible）；Militair—Lexikon
misprintsthemonth；and，onewayorother，onlyRodenbeck（iii。
316）isrightinbothdayandyear。]
FollowingindatethesesmallConwayPhenomena，ifthese，soextraneousandinsignificant，canhaveanyglimmerofmemorabilitytoreaders，aretwootheroccurrences，especiallyoneother，whichcomeinatthispartoftheseries，andgreatlymorerequiretobedisengagedfromthedust—heaps，andpresentedforremembrance。
In1775，theKinghadafitofillness；whichlongoccupiedcertainGazetteersandothers。Thatisthefirstoccurrenceofthetwo，andfarthemoreimportant。Hehimselfsaysofit，inhisHISTORY，allthatisessentialtoushere:——
"Towardstheendof1775，theKingwasattackedbyseveralstrongconsecutivefitsofgout。VanSwieten，afamousDoctor’sSon，andMinisteroftheImperialCourtatBerlin，tookitintohisheadthatthisgoutwasadeclareddropsy；and，gladtoannouncetohisCourttheapproachingdeathofanenemythathadbeendangeroustoit，boldlyinformedhisKaiserthattheKingwasdrawingtohisend，andwouldnotlastouttheyear。AtthisnewsthesoulofJosephflamesintoenthusiasm；alltheAustriantroopsaregotonmarch，theirRendezvousmarkedinBohemia；andtheKaiserwaits，fullofimpatience，atVienna，tilltheexpectedeventarrives；
readythentopenetrateatonceintoSaxony，andthencetotheFrontiersofBrandenburg，andthereproposetotheKing’sSuccessorthealternativeofeithersurrenderingSilesiastraightwaytotheHouseofAustria，orseeinghimselfoverwhelmedbyAustriantroopsbeforehecouldgethisownassembled。Allthesethings，whichwereopenlydone，gotnoisedabroadeverywhere；anddidnot，asiseasytobelieve，cementthefriendshipoftheTwoCourts。TothePublicthissceneappearedthemoreridiculous，astheKingofPrussia，havingonlyhadacommongoutinlargerdosethancommon，wasalreadywellofitagain，beforetheAustrianArmyhadgottotheirRendezvous。TheKaisermadeallthesetroopsreturntotheiroldquarters；andtheCourtofViennahadnothingbutmockeryforitsimprudentconduct。"[OEuvresdeFrederic，
vi。124。]
Thefirstofthesegout—attacksseemstohavecomeintheendofSeptember，andtohavelastedaboutamonth；afterwhichtheillnessabated，andeverybodythoughtitwasgone。TheKaiser—
JosephevolutionmusthavebeeninOctober，andhavegotitsmockeryinthenextmonths。Friedrich，writingtoVOLTAIRE，October22d，hasthesewords:……"ApairofcharmingLettersfromFerney；
towhich，hadtheybeenfromthegreatDemiurgushimself，IcouldnothavedictatedAnswer。Goutheldmetiedandgarrotedforfourweeks；——goutinbothfeetandinbothhands；and，suchitsextremeliberality，inbothelbowstoo:atpresentthepainsandthefeverhaveabated，andIfeelonlyaverygreatexhaustion。"[Ib。xxv。
44。]"Fourconsecutiveattacks；hopetheyarenowallover；"butweread，withintheSpringfollowing，thattherehavebeeninalltwelveofthem；andinMay，1776，theNewspaperscounteighteenquasi—consecutive。SothatinrealitytheKing’sstrengthwassadlyreduced；andhishealth，whichdidnotrecoveritsoldaveragetillabout1780，continued，forseveralyearsafterthisbadfit，tobeaconstantthemeofcuriositytotheGazetteerspecies，andamatterofsolicitudetohisfriendsandtohisenemies。
OftheKaiser’simmenseambitiontherecanbenoquestion。Heisstretchinghimselfoutoneveryside；"seriouslywishing，"thinksFriedrich，"thathecould’revivifytheGermanReich，’"——newBarbarossainimprovedFIXEDform；hownoble！Certainly，toKingFriedrich’ssadconviction，"theAustrianCourtisaimingtoswallowallmannerofdominionsthatmayfallwithinitsgrasp。"
WantsBosniaandServiaintheEast；longstoseizecertainVenetianTerritories，whichwoulduniteTriesteandtheMilanesetotheTyrol。IsthrowingouthooksonModena，ontheFerrarese，onthisandonthat。LookingwitheagereyesonBavaria，——thesituationofwhichispeculiar；thepresentKur—Baiernbeingelderly，childless；andhisHeirthelike，whowithalisalreadyKur—Pfalz，andwillunitetheTwoElectoratesunderonehead；
athingwhichAustriaregardswithmarkeddislike。
[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。123。]TheseareanxiousconsiderationstoaKinginFriedrich’ssickstate。Inhisprivatecircle，too，therearesorrows:deathofFouquet，deathofQuintusIcilius，ofSeidlitz，Quantz（goodoldQuantz，withhisfineFlutingsthesefiftyyears，andthestillfinermemoriesheawoke！[Friedrich’sTeacheroftheFlute；procuredforhimbyhisMother（supravi。144）。]），——latterlyanunusualnumberofdeaths。
TheruggedlyintelligentQuintus，adailycompanion，andguestatthesupper—table，diedfewmonthsbeforethisfitofgout；andmusthavebeengreatlymissedbyFriedrich。Fouquet，atBrandenburg，diedlastyear:hisbenefactorintheearlyCustrindistresses，his"Bayard，"andchosenfriendeversince；howconspicuouslydeartoFriedrichtothelastisstillevident。AFriedrichgettinglonelyenough，andthelightsofhislifegoingoutaroundhim；——hasbutonesureconsolation，whichcomestohimascompulsionwithal，andisnotneglected，thatofstandingsteadfasttohiswork，whateverthemoodandposturebe。
TheEventof1776isCzarowitshPaul’sarrivalinBerlin，andBetrothaltoasecondWifethere；hisfirsthavingdiedinchildbirthlately。ThefirsthadbeenofFriedrich’schoosing，buthadbehavedill，——seducedbySpanish—FrenchDiplomacies，bythisandthat，pooryoungcreature:——thesecondalsowasofFriedrich’schoosing，andastillnearerconnection:figurewhatatriumphantevent！Eventnowfallendeadtoeveryoneofus；andhardlyadmittingthesmallestNote，——exceptforchronology’ssake，whichitisalwayssatisfactorytokeepclear:——
"CzarowitshPaul’sfirstWife，theHessen—DarmstadtPrincessofThree，diedofherfirstchildApril26th，1776:everybodywhispered，’ItisnoneofPaul’s！’who，nevertheless，wasinconsolable，thewildheartofhimliketobreakontheoccurrence。Bygoodluck，PrinceHenrihadsetout，byinvitation，onasecondvisittoPetersburg；andarrivedtherealsoonApril26th，[Rodenbeck，iii。139—146。]theverydayofthefatality。
PrinceHenrisoothed，consoledthepoorCzarowitsh；
graduallybroughthimround；agreedwithhisCzarinaMother，thathemusthaveanewWife；anddexterouslyfixedherchoiceona’NieceoftheKing’sandHenri’s。’EldestDaughterofEugenofWurtemberg，ofwhom，asanexcellentGeneral，thoughalsoasasurlyHusband，readershavesomememory；nowlivingwithdrawnatMumpelgard，theWurtembergApanage[Montbeillard，astheFrenchcallit]，inthesepipingtimesofPeace:——sheisthePrincess。
ToKingFriedrich’sgreatsurpriseandjoy。TheMumpelgardPrincipalities，andfortunatePrincess，aresummonedtoBerlin。
CzarowitshPaul，underHenri’sescort，andundergalaandfestivitiesfromtheFrontieronward，arrivedinBerlin21stJuly，1776；wasbetrothedtohisWurtembergPrincessstraightway；
andafteraboutafortnightoffestivitiesstillmoretranscendent，wenthomewithhertoPetersburg；andwastherewedded，18thOctoberfollowing；——CzarandCzarina，sheandhe，twentyyearsafter，andtheirposterityreigningeversince。[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。120—122。]
"AtVienna，"saystheKing，"everybodywaspersuadedtheCzarowitshwouldnevercometoBerlin。PrinceKaunitzhadbeen，"——beenathisoldtricksagain，playinghissharpest，intheCourtofPetersburgagain:whattricks（aboutPolandandotherwise）letusnotreport，foritisnowinterestingtonobody。OftheCzarowitshVisititselfIwillremarkonly，——whatseemstobeitsonechanceofdatingitselfinanyofourmemories，——thatitfelloutshortlyaftertheSherlockdinnerwithVoltaire（in1776，April27ththeoneevent，July21sttheother）；——andthathereis，bypureaccident，theexuberanterraticSherlock，oncemore，andonceonly，emergingonusforafewmoments！——
EXUBERANTSHERLOCKANDELEVENOTHERENGLISHAREPRESENTEDTO
FRIEDRICHONACOURTOCCASION（8thOctober，1777）；ANDTWO
OFTHEMGETSPOKENTO，ANDSPEAKEACHAWORD。EXCELLENCY
HUGHELLIOTISTHEIRINTRODUCER。
Harris，afterwardsEarlofMalmesbury，succeededMitchellatBerlin；"Polishtroubles"（heartilyindifferenttoEngland），"Dantzigsquabbles"（miraculouslyimportantthere），——nothingworththeleastmentionnow。ExcellencyHarrisquittedBerlininAutumn，1776；gaveplacetoanExcellencyHughElliot（oneoftheMintoElliots，BrotherofthefirstEarlofMinto，andhimselfconsiderablynotedintheworld），ofwhomwehaveafewwordstosay。
ElliothasbeenheresinceApril，1777；stayssomefiveyearsinthispost；——withnotmuchDiplomaticemployment，Ishouldthink，butwithastyleofgeneralbearingandsocialphysiognomy，which，withsomeprocedurespartlyincidentalaswell，arestillrememberedinBerlin。Somethingofspying，too，doubtlesstherewas；bribingofmenials，openingofLetters:Ibelieveagreatdealofthatwenton；impossibletopreventunderthecarefulestofKings。[AningeniousyoungFriendofmine，connectedwithLegationaryBusiness，foundlately，attheHague，aconsecutiveSeries，completeforfourorfiveyears（Ithink，from1780
onwards），ofFriedrich’sLETTERStohisMINISTERINLONDON，——CopiespunctuallyfilchedastheywentthroughthePost—officethere:——
specimensofwhichIsaw；andthewholeofwhichImighthaveseen，haditbeenworththeeffortnecessary。ButFriedrich’sLondonMinister，inthiscase，wasapersonofnosignificanceorintimacy；andtheKing’sLetters，thoughstrangelyexact，clearandevenelucidativeonEnglishCourt—Politicsandvicissitudes，seemedtobenearlybarrenastoPrussian。]Hitherto，withoneexceptiontobementionedpresently，hismainbusinessseemstohavebeenthatofintroducing，ondifferentCourt—Days，agreatnumberofTravellingEnglish，whowanttoseetheKing，andwhomtheKinglittlewants，butquietlysubmitsto。IncoherentSherlock，whomwediscovertohavebeenofthenumber，has，inhistawdrydisjointedBook，thisPassage:——
"Thelasttimeofmyseeinghim[thisHero—Kingofmyheart]wasatBerlin[notahintofthetimewhen]。HecamethithertoreceivetheadieusoftheBarondeSwieten，MinisterfromtheirImperialMajesties[thankyou；thatmeans8thOctober，1777[Rodenbeck，iii。
172。]]，andtogiveaudiencetothenewMinister，theCountCobenzl。TheForeignMinisters，thepersonswhoweretobepresented[we，forinstance]，andtheMilitary，wereallthatwereatCourt。WeweretenEnglish[thirteenbytale]:theKingspoketothefirstandthelast；notonaccountoftheirsituation，butbecausetheirnamesstruckhim。ThefirstwasMajorDalrymple。
TohimtheKingsaid:’Youhavebeenpresentedtomebefore？’
’IaskyourMajesty’spardon；itwasmyUncle’（LordDalrymple，ofwhompresently）。Mr。Pitt[unknowntomewhichPitt，subsequentLordCamelfordoranother]wasthelast。THEKING:’AreyouarelationofLordChatham’s？’’Yes，Sire。’——’HeisamanwhomI
highlyesteem’[read"esteemed"]。
"HethenwenttotheForeignMinisters；andtalkedmoretoPrinceDolgorucki，theRussianAmbassador，thantoanyother。InthemidstofhisconversationwiththisPrince，heturnedabruptlytoMr。
Elliot，theEnglishMinister，andasked:’WhatistheDuchessofKingston’sfamilyname？’ThistransitionwaslessPindaricthanitappears；hehadjustbeenspeakingoftheCourtofPetersburg，andthatLadywasthenthere。"[Sherlock，ii。27。]WhereuponSherlockhopshiswaysagain；leavingusconsiderablyuncertain。But，byacuriousaccident，here，atfirst—hand，isconfirmationoftheflightycreature；——aLetterfromExcellencyElliothimselfhavingcomeourway:——
TOWILLIAMEDEN，ESQUIRE（oftheForeignOffice，London；
Elliot’sBrother—in—law；afterwardsLORDAUCKLAND）。
"BERLIN，12thOctober，1777。
"MYDEAREDEN，——IfyouarewaitinguponthepinnacleofallimpatiencetogivemenewsfromtheHowes[outontheirthenfamous"SeizureofPhiladelphia，"whichcametowhatweknow！]，Iamwaitingwithnolessimpatiencetoreceiveit，andthinkeveryothersubjecttoolittleinterestingtobementioned。Imust，however，tellyou，theKinghasbeenhere；["CametoBerlin8thOctober，"ontheVan—Swietenerrand；"sawPrincessAmeliatwice；
andonthe9threturnedtoPotsdam"（Rodenbeck，iii。172）。]totheastonishmentofallcroakers，heartyandinhighspirits。Hewasveryciviltoallofus。IwasattendedbyonedozenEnglish，whichnearlycompletesmyhalf—hundredthisseason。Pittmadeoneofthetwelve，andwasparticularlydistinguished。
KING:"Monsieurest—ilparentdeMylordChatham？’PITT:’Oui，Sire。’KING:
’C’estunhommequej’aibeaucoupestime。’
"YouhavenoideaofthejoythepeopleexpressedtoseetheKingonHorseback，——alltheGrub—streetnonsenseof’aCountrygroaningundertheweightofitsburdens，’of’aNationgovernedwitharodofiron，’vanishedbeforethesincereacclamationsofallranks，whojoinedintestifyingtheirenthusiasmfortheirgreatMonarch。
IlongforHarrisandCompany[ExcellencyHarris；makingforRussia，Ibelieve]；theyaretopigtogetherinmyhouse；sothatI
flattermyselfwithhavinganearview，ifnotataste，ofconnubialjoys。MylovetoEand_e_[yourbig_E_leanorandyourLITTLE，ababyinarms，whoaremySisterandNiece；——pretty，this！]。Yourmostaffectionate，H。E。
"P。S。Iquiteforgottotellyou，IsentoutaservantsometimeagotoEnglandtobringacoupleofHorses。HewilldeliversomePacketstoyou；whichIbegyouwillsend，withLordMarischal’scompliments，totheirrespectiveAddresses。ThereisalsoachinacupforMr。Macnamara，Lawyer，intheTempleorLincoln’sInn，fromthesameperson[livelyoldgentleman，age91gone；diddienextyear]。WhatdoesEleanormeanaboutmyCongratulatoryLettertoLordSuffolk[ourForeignSecretary，onhismarriagelately]？
IwishedhisLordship，mostsincerely，everyhappinessinhisnewstate，assoonasIknewofit。Ibeg，however，Eleanorwilldothelike；——andalthoughitisnotmysystemto’congratulate’anybodyuponmarriage，yetIneverfailtowishthemwhat，Ithink，itisalwaystwotoonetheydonotobtain。"[EDEN—HOUSECORRESPONDENCE
（partofwhich，notthis，hasbeenpublishedinlateyears）。]
AstotheDalrympleofSHERLOCK，readthis（FRIEDRICHTO
D’ALEMBERT，twoyearsbefore[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxv。21:5thAugust，1775。]）:……"AMylordofwonderfulname[LordDalrymple，ifIcouldrememberit]，ofamiablegenius（AUNOMBAROQUE，AL’ESPRITAIMABLE），gavemeaLetteronyourpart。’Ah，howgoesthePrinceofPhilosophers，then？Ishegay；
ishebusy；didyouseehimoften？’TowhichtheMylord:’I？No；
IamstraightfromLondon！’"——"QUOIDONC——？"Inshort，knowingmyAnaxagoras，thisMylordpreferredtobeintroducedbyhim；andwasright:"OneoftheamiablestEnglishmenIhaveseen；Iexceptonlythename，whichIshallneverremember[butdo，onthisnewoccasion]:Whydoesn’thegethimselfunchristenedofit，andtakethatofStair，whichequallybelongstohim？"（EarlofStairbyandby；Nephew，orGrand—Nephew，ofthegreatEarlofStair，oncesowellknowntosomeofus。BecomesEnglishMinisterherein1785，ifwemuchcared。）
ThatwordofreminiscenceaboutPittisworthmoreattention。
Notspokenlightly，butwithmeaningandsincerity；
somethingalmostpatheticinit，afterthesixteenyearsseparation:"AmanwhomImuchesteemed，"——andhadgoodreasontodoso！Pitt’ssubsequentsadandbrightfortunes，fromtheendoftheSeven—YearsWarandtriumphantsummingupoftheJENKINS’S—EAR
QUESTION，areknowntoreaders。HisBurton—Pynsentmeedofhonor（Estateof3，000poundsayearbequeathedhimbyanagedPatriot，"LetTHISbitofEnglandgoanobleroad！"）；hisloftysilences，intheWorldPolitical；hisvehementattemptsinit，whenagainaskedtoattempt，allfutile，——withgreatpaintohim，andgreatdisdainfromhim:——hispassionateimpatiencesonminormatters，"laborers[ornamentingBurton—PynsentPark，inSomersetshire]plantingtreesbytorchlight；""kitchenpeople[atHayesinNorthKent，Housestilltobeseen]roastingaseriesofchickens，chickenafterchickenallday，thatatanyhour，withintenminutes，myLordmaydine！"——thesethingsdwellinthememoryofeveryworthyreader。
Here，savedfrommypoorfriendSmelfungus（nobodyknowshowmuchofhimIsuppress），isabriefjotting，intheformofroughMEMORANDA，ifitbepermissible:——
"PittfouryearsKing；lostinquicksandsafterthat；offtoBath，fromgout，fromsemi—insanity；’Indiashouldpay，buthow？’LostinGeneral—Warrants，inWilkesControversies，AmericanRevolts，——
generally，inshallowquicksands；——diesathispost，buthisposthadbecomeadeliriousone。
"Adelicate，proud，nobleman；pureasrefinedgold。
Somethingsensitive，almostfeminineinhim；yetwithanedge，afire，asteadiness；likerFriedrich，insomefineprincipalpoints，thananyofhisContemporaries。TheoneKingEnglandhashad，thisKingofFourYears，sincetheConstitutionalsystemsetin。
OliverCromwell，yesindeed，——buthedied，andtherewasnothingforitbuttohanghisbodyonthegallows。DutchWilliam，too，mighthavebeenconsiderable，——buthewasDutch，andtousprovedtobenothing。Thenagain，solongasSarahJenningsheldtheQueen’sMajestyinbondage，somegleamsofKinghoodforusunderMarlborough:——afterwhomNoodleismandSomnambulism，zeroonthebackofzero，andallourAffairs，temporal，spiritualandeternal，jumblingatrandom，whichwecalltheCareerofFreedom，tillPittstretchedouthishanduponthem。Forfouryears；neveragain，he；
neveragainoneresemblinghim，——norindeedcaneverbe。
"Never，Ishouldthink。Pittsarenotbornoften；thisPitt’sideascouldoccurintheHistoryofMankindonceonly。Strangertheoryofsociety，completelybelievedinbyaclear，sharpandaltogetherhumanhead，incapableoffalsity，wasseldomheardofintheworld。
ForKing:openyourmouth，letthefirstgentlemanthatfallsintoit（amassofHanoverstolidity，stupidity，foreigntoyou，heedlessofyou）beKing:SupremeMajestyhe，withhypotheticaldecorations，dignities，solemnappliances，highasthestars（thewhole，exceptthemoney，amendacity，andsinagainstHeaven）:
himyoudeclareSent—of—God，supremeCaptainofyourEngland；
andhavingdoneso，——tiehimup（accordingtoPitt）withConstitutionalstraps，sothathecannotstirhandorfoot，forfearofaccidents:inwhichstateheisfullycooked；throwmeathisMajesty’sfeet，andletmeblessHeavenforsuchaPillarofCloudbyday。
"Pitt，closelyasIcouldscrutinize，seemsnevertohavedoubtedinhisnobleheartbuthehadsomereverenceforGeorgeII。
’ReverencedhisOffice，’saysasimplereader？Alas，no，myfriend，mandoesnot’reverenceOffice，’butonlysham—reverencesit。
IdefyhimtoreverenceanythingbutaManfillinganOffice（withorwithoutsalary）nobly。Fillinganobleofficeignobly；doingacelestialtaskinaquietlyinfernalmanner？Itwerekinderperhapstorunyourswordthroughhim（orthroughyourself）thantotaketoreveringhim！Ifinconvenienttoslayhimortoslayyourself（asisoftenestlikely），——keepwelltowindwardofhim；benot，withoutnecessity，partakerofhisadventuresinthisextremelyearnestUniverse！……
"No；NaturedoesnotproducemanyPitts:——norwillanyPitteveragainapplyinParliamentforacareer。’Yourvoices，yourmostsweetvoices；yemelodioustorrentsofGadarenesSwine，gallopingrapidlydownsteepplaces，I，forone；knowwhitherI’"