"AtBelgard，nextmorning，hereviewedtheDragoonRegimentvonPlaten；andwasveryillcontentwithit。Andnobody，withtheleastunderstandingofthatbusiness，butmustownthatneverdidPrussianRegimentmanoeuvreworse。Consciousthemselveshowbaditwas，theylosthead，andgotintoopenconfusion。TheKingdidallthatwaspossibletohelpthemintoorderagain。Hewithdrewthriceover，togivetheOfficerstimetorecoverthemselves；
butitwasallinvain。TheKing，contrarytowont，restrainedhimselfamazingly，andwouldnotshowhisdispleasureinpublic。
Hegotintohiscarriage，anddroveawaywiththeFurstofAnhalt，"OldDessauer，"andVonWinterfeld，"CaptainintheGiantRegiment，"whoisnowMajor—GeneralvonWinterfeld；[Major—Generalsince1743，ofhighfame；fellinfight，7thSeptember，1757。]notstayingtodinewithGeneralvonPlaten，aswasalwayshiscustomwithCommandantswhomhehadreviewed。HebadePrinceWilhelmandtherestofusstayanddine；hehimselfdroveaway，"——towardsthegreatroadagain，andsomeuncertainlodgingthere。
"Westayedaccordingly；anddidfulljusticetothegoodcheer，"——
thoughpoorPlatenwouldcertainlylookflustered，onemayfancy。
"ButasthePrincewasanxioustocomeupwithhisMajestyagain，andknewnotwherehewouldmeethim，wehadtobeveryswiftwiththebusiness。
"WefoundtheKingwithAnhaltandWinterfeld，byandby；sittinginavillage，infrontofabarn，andeatingacoldpiethere，whichtheFurstofAnhalthadchancedtohavewithhim；hisMajesty，owingtowhathehadseenontheparade—ground，wasintheutmostill—humor（HOCHSTUBLERLAUNE）。Nextday，Saturday，hewentahundredandfiftyortwohundredmiles；andarrivedinBerlinattenatnight。Notexpectedtheretillthemorrow；sothathisroomswerelocked，——herMajestybeingoverinMonbijou，givingherchildrenaBall；"[Pollnitz，ii。534—537。]——andwecanfancywhataframeofmindtherewas！
Nobody，notatfirsteventheDoctors，muchheededthisnewfitofillness；whichwentandcame:"changedtemper，"deeperorlessdeepgloomof"badhumor，"beingthemainphenomenontoby—
standers。Butthesadtruthwas，hisMajestyneverdidrecoverhissunshine；fromPillauonwardshewasslowlyenteringintotheshadowsofthetotalLastEclipse；andhisjourneyingsandreviewingsinthisworldwerealldone。Tenmonthshence，Pollnitzandothersknewbetterwhatithadbeen！——
ChapterVII。
LASTYEAROFREINSBERG:TRANSITOFBALTIMOREANDOTHERPERSONSANDTHINGS。
FriedrichhadnotbeenlonghomeagainfromTrakehnenandPreussen，whentheroutineofthingsatReinsbergwasilluminatedbyVisitors，ofbrilliantandlearnedquality；someofwhom，acertainSignorAlgarottiforone，requirepassingmentionhere。
Algarotti，whobecameapermanentfriendorsatellite，veryluminoustothePrince，andwasmuchabouthimincomingyears，firstshoneoutuponthesceneatthistime，——comingunexpectedly，andfromtheEastwardasitchanced。
Onhisownscore，Algarottihasbecomeawearisomeliterarymantomodernreaders:oneofthosehalf—rememberedmen；whosebooksseemtoclaimareading，anddonotrepayityouwhengiven。Treatises，ofaseriousnature，ONTHEOPERA；settingforth，inearnest，thepotential"moraluses"oftheOpera，anddedicatedtoChatham；
NeutonianismoperleDonne（AstronomyforLadies）:themereTitlesofsuchthingsarefatallysufficienttous；andwecannot，withouteffort，norwithit，recallthebrilliancyofAlgarottiandthemtohiscontemporaryworld。
AlgarottiwasarichVenetianMerchant’sSon，preciselyabouttheCrown—Prince’sage；shonegreatlyinhisstudiesatBolognaandelsewhere；hadwrittenPoesies（RIME）；writtenespeciallythatNewtonianismfortheDames（equaltoFontenelle，saidFame，andorthodoxNewtonianwithal，notheterodoxorCartesian）；andhadshone，respected，atParis，onthestrengthofit，forthreeorfouryearspast:friendofVoltaireinconsequence，ofVoltaireandhisdivineEmilie，andawelcomeguestatCirey；friendofthecultivatedworldgenerally，whichwasthenlaboring，divineEmilieinthevanofit，tounderstandNewtonandbeorthodoxinthisdepartmentofthings。
AlgarottididfinePoesies，too，onceandagain；didClassicalScholarships，andmuchelse:everywhereaclear—headed，methodicallydistinct，concisekindofman。Ahighstyleofbreedingabouthim，too；hadpowersofpleasing，andusedthem:
amanbeautifullylucentinsociety，gentleyetimpregnablethere；
keepinghimselfunspottedfromtheworldanditsdiscrepancies，——
reallywithconsiderableprudence，firstandlast。
HeissomewhatoftheBielfeldtype；aMerchant’sSon，weobserve，likeBielfeld；butaVenetianMerchant’s，notaHamburg’s；andalsoofbetternaturalstuffthanBielfeld。Concentratedhimselfuponhistaskwithmoreseriousness，andmadeahigherthingofitthanBielfeld；though，afterall，itwasthesametaskthetwohad。Alas，our"SwanofPadua"（sotheysometimescalledhim）onlysailed，paddlinggrandly，no—whither，——astheSwan—GooseoftheElbedid，inalessstatelymanner！OnecannotwellbeartoreadhisBooks。ThereisnolightuponFriedrichtotemptus；
betterlightthanBielfeld’stherecouldhavebeen，andmuchofit:butheprudently，aswellasproudly，forboresuchtopics。
Heapproachesverynearfertilityandgenialityinhiswritings，butneverreachesit。Dilettantismbecomeseriousandstrenuous，inthosedepartments——Well，itwasbeautifultoyoungFriedrichandtheworldatthattime，thoughitisnottous！——YoungAlgarotti，twenty—seventhisyear，hasbeentouringaboutasacelebritythesefouryearspast，onthestrengthofhisfinemannersandNewtonianismfortheDames。
ItwasunderescortofBaltimore，"anEnglishMilord，"recommendedfromPotsdamitself，thatAlgarotticametoReinsberg；theSignorhadmuchtodowithEnglishpeoplenowandafter。WhereBaltimorefirstpickedhimup，Iknownot:buttheyhavebeentoRussiatogether；Baltimorebytwelveyearstheelderofthetwo:andnow，gettinghometowardsEnglandagain，theycallatReinsberginthefineAutumnweather；——andconsiderablycaptivatetheCrown—Prince，Baltimoreplayingchief，inthatasinotherpoints。Thevisitlastedfivedays:[20th—25thSeptember，1739（OEuvresdeFrederic，xiv。p。xiv）。]therewascopiousspeechonmanythings；——discussionaboutPrintingoftheANTIMACHIAVEL；
AlgarottitogetitprintedinEngland，AlgarottitogetPineandhisEngravedHENRIADEputunderway；neitherofwhichprojectstookeffect；——readerscanconceivewhatacharmingfivedaysthesewere。Here，intheCrown—Prince’sownwords，aresomebriefglimmeringswhichwillsufficeus:——
REINSBERG，25thSEPT。1739（Crown—PrincetoPapa）……that"nothingnewhasoccurredintheRegiment，andwehavefewsick。
HerehastheEnglishMilord，whowasatPotsdam，passingthrough[stayedfivedays，thoughwecallitpassing，andsuppresstheAlgarotti，Baltimorebeingindeedchief]。HeisgonetowardsHamburg，totakeshipforEnglandthere。AsIheardthatmyMostAll—graciousFatherwishedIshouldshowhimcourtesy，IhavedoneforhimwhatIcould。ThePrinceofMirowhasalsobeenhere，"——
ouroldStrelitzfriend。OfBaltimorenothingmoretoPapa。ButtoanotherCorrespondent，tothegoodSuhm（whoisnowatPetersburg，andmuchinourintimacy，readytotransactloansforus，translateWolf，ordowhatiswanted），thereisthispassagenextday:——
REINSBERG，26thSEPTEMBER，1739（toSuhm）。"WehavehadMilordBaltimorehere，andtheyoungAlgarotti；bothofthemmenwho，bytheiraccomplishments，cannotbutconciliatetheesteemandconsiderationofallwhoseethem。Wetalkedmuchofyou[Suhm]，ofPhilosophy，ofScience，Art；inshort，ofallthatcanbeincludedinthetasteofcultivatedpeople（HONNETESGENS）。"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xvi。378。]Andagaintoanother，abouttwoweekshence:——
REINSBERG，10thOCTOBER，1739（toVoltaire）。"WehavehadMilordBaltimoreandAlgarottihere，whoaregoingbacktoEngland。
ThisMilordisaverysensibleman（HOMMETRESSENSE）；
whopossessesagreatdealofknowledge，andthinks，likeus，thatsciencescanbenodisparagementtonobility，nordegradeanillustriousrank。IadmiredthegeniusofthisANGLAIS，asonedoesafinefacethroughacrapeveil。HespeaksFrenchveryill，yetonelikestohearhimspeakit；andasforhisEnglish，hepronouncesitsoquick，thereisnopossibilityoffollowinghim。
HecallsaRussian’amechanicalanimal。’Hesays’PetersburgistheeyeofRussia，withwhichitkeepscivilizedcountriesinsight；ifyoutookthiseyefromit，Russiawouldfallagainintobarbarism，outofwhichitisjuststruggling。’[Ib。xxi。326，327。]……YoungAlgarotti，whomyouknow，pleasedmebeyondmeasure。Hepromisedthathe"——ButBaltimore，promiseornot，isthechieffigureatpresent。
Evidentlyanoriginalkindoffiguretous，CETANGLAIS。
AndindeedthereisalreadyfinishedarhymedEPISTLEtoBaltimore；EpitresurlaLiberte（copygoesinthatsameLETTER，forVoltaire’sbehoof），whichdatesitselflikewiseOctober10th；beginning，——
"L’espritlibre，Milord，quiregneenAngleterre，"
which，thoughitisfulloffinesinceresentiments，abouthumandignity，papalsuperstition，Newton，Locke，andaspirationsforprogressofcultureinPrussia，noreadercouldstandatthisepoch。
WhatBaltimoresaidinanswertotheEPITRE，wedonotknow；
probablynotmuch:itdoesnotappearheeversaworspoketoFriedrichasecondtime。Threeweeksafter，FriedrichwritingtoAlgarotti，hasthesewords:"IprayyoumakemyfriendshipstoMilordBaltimore，whosecharacterandmannerofthinkingItrulyesteem。Ihopehehas，bythistime，gotmyEPITREontheEnglishLibertyofThought。"[29thOctober1739，ToAlgarottiinLondon（OEuvres，xviii。5）。]AndsoBaltimorepasseson，silentinHistoryhenceforth，——thoughFriedrichseemstohaverememberedhimtolatetimes，asakindoftype—figurewhenEnglandcameintohishead。Forthesakeofthissmalltransitoverthesun’sdisk，IhavemadesomeinquiryaboutBaltimore；butfoundverylittle；——perhapsenough:——
"HewasCharles，SixthLordBaltimore，itappears；Sixth，andlastbutone。FirstoftheBaltimores，weknow，wasSecretaryCalvert（1618—1624），whocolonizedMaryland；lastofthem（1774）wastheSonofthisCharles；somethingofafool，tojudgebythefaceofhiminPortraits，andbysomeofhisdoingsintheworld。He，thatSeventhBaltimore，printedoneortwolittleVolumes"nowofextremerarity"——cannotbetoorare）；andwindedupbystandinganuglyTrialatKingstonAssizes（plaintiffanunfortunatefemale）。
AfterwhichheretiredtoNaples，andthereended，1774，thelastoftheseMilords。[Walpole（byPark），CatalogueofRoyalandNobleAuthors（London，1806），v。278。]
"HeoftheKingstonAssizes，wesay，wasnotthisCharles；buthisSon，whomletthereaderforget。Charles，agefortyatthistime，hadtravelledabouttheContinentagooddeal:once，longago，weimaginedwehadgotaglimpseofhim（butitwasaguessmerely）
loungingaboutLunevilleandLorraine，alongwithLyttelton，intheCongress—of—Soissonstime？Notlongafterthat，itiscertainenough，hegotappointedaGentlemanoftheBedchambertoPrinceFred；whowasafriendofspeculativetalkersandcultivatedpeople。InwhichsituationCharlesSixthBaronBaltimorecontinuedallhisdaysafter；andmighthaverisenbymeansofFred，ashewasanxiousenoughtodo，hadbothofthemlived；buttheybothdied；Baltimorefirst，in1751，ayearbeforeFred。BubbDoddington，diligentlaborerinthesameFredvineyard，wasmuchinfestedbythisBaltimore，——who，drunkorsober（forheoccasionallygetsintoliquor），isalwaysputtingoutBubb，andstandstoowellwithourRoyalMaster，onesecretlyfears！
Baltimore’sfinances，Icanguess，werenotintoogoodorder；
mostlyanAbsentee；IrishEstatesnotmanagedinthefirststyle，whileoneisbusyintheFredvineyard！’Thebestandhonestestmanintheworld，withagooddealofjumbledknowledge，’Walpolecallshimonce:’butnotcapableofconductingaparty。’"
[Walpole’sLetterstoMann（London，1843），ii。175；27thJanuary，1747。Seeib。i。82。]Ohno；——anddied，atanyrate，Spring1751:[PeerageofIreland
（London，1768），ii。172—174。]andwewillnotmentionhimfarther。
BIELFELD，WHATHESAWATREINSBERGANDAROUND。
Directlyontherearofthesefinevisitors，came，byinvitation，apairoftheKorn’s—Hotelpeople；Masonicfriends；oneofwhomwasBielfeld，whosedaintyInstallationSpeechandwaysofprocedurehadbeenofpromisetothePrinceonthatoccasion。
"BaronvonOberg"wastheother:——HanoverianBaron:thesamewhowentintotheWars，andwasa"GeneralvonOberg"twentyyearshence？Thesameoranother，itdoesnotmuchconcernus。Nordoesthevisitmuch，oratall；exceptthatBielfeld，beingofwritingnature，professestogiveocularaccountofit。HonesttranscriptofwhatahumancreatureactuallysawatReinsberg，andintheBerlinenvironmentatthatdate，wouldhavehadavaluetomankind:butBielfeldhasadoptedthefictitiousform；andprettymuchruinedforusanytranscriptthereis。Exaggeration，gesticulation，fantasticuncertaintyafflictthereader；
andpreventcomfortablebelief，exceptwherethereisotherevidencethanBielfeld’s。
AtBerlinthebeautifulstraightstreets，LindenAvenues（perhapsabettersamplethanthoseofourday），werenotabletoBielfeld；
bridges，statuesveryfine；grandesplanades，andsuchmilitarydrillingandparadingaswasneverseen。Hehaddinner—
invitations，too，inquantity；likesthisoneandthat（allinprudentasterisks），———likesTruchsessvonWaldburgverymuch，andhisstrangemodeofbachelorhousekeeping，andthewayhedinesandtalksamonghisfellow—creatures，orsitsstudiousamonghisMilitaryBooksandPaper—litters。Butallisloosefar—offsketching，inthestyleofAnacharsistheYounger；andmakesnosolidimpression。
GettingtoReinsberg，totheTown，totheSchloss，hecrossestheesplanade，themoat；seeswhatweknow，beautifulsquareMansionamongitswoodsandwaters；——andalmostnothingthatwedonotknow，exceptthewaythemoat—bridgeislighted:"Bridgefurnished，"hesays，"withsevenStatuesrepresentingthesevenPlanets，eachholdinginherhandaglasslampintheformofaglobe；"——whichisaprettyobjectinthenight—time。TheHouseisnowfinished；Knobelsdorfrejoicinginhissuccess；Pesneandothersgivingthelasttouchtosomeceilingsofasublimenature。
OnthelintelofthegateisinscribedFREDERICOTRANQUILLITATEM
COLENTI（ToFriedrichcourtingTranquillity）。Thegardens，walks，hermitages，grottos，areveryspacious，fine:notyetcompleted，——
perhapswillneverbe。ATempleofBacchusisjustnowonhand，somewhereinthoselabyrinthicwoods:"twelvegiganticSatyrsascaryatides，crownedbyaninvertedPunch—bowlfordome；"thatistheingeniousKnobelsdorf’sidea，pleasanttothemind。
Knobelsdorfisofaustereaspect；austere，yetbenevolentandfullofhonestsagacity；theverypictureofsoundsense，thinksBielfeld。M。Jordanishandsome，thoughofsmallstature；
agreeableexpressionofface；eyeextremelyvivid；browncomplexion，bushyeyebrowsaswellasbeardareblack。[Bielfeld（abridged），i。45。]
Ordidthereadereverhearof"M。Fredersdorf，"HeadValetatthistime？Fredersdorfwillbecome，asitwere，Privy—Purse，House—Friend，anddomesticFactotum，andplayagreatpartincomingyears。"Atallhandsomeman；"much"silentsense，civility，dexterity；"something"magnificentlycleverinhim，"thinksBielfeld（now，orelsetwentyyearsafterwards）；whomwecanbelieve。[Ib。p。49。]HewasagiftfromGeneralSchwerin，thisFredersdorf；onceaPrivateinSchwerin’sregiment，atFrankfurt—
on—Oder，——excellentontheflute，foronequality。Schwerin，whohadaneyeformen，senthimtoFriedrich，intheCustrintime；
hopinghemightsuitinflutingandotherwise。Whichheconspicuouslydid。Bielfeld’saccount，wemustcandidlysay，appearstobeanafterthought；butreaderscanmaketheirprofitofit，allthesame。
AstotheCrown—PrinceandPrincess，wordsfailtoexpresstheirgraciousperfections，theiraffabilities，politeingenuities:——
Bielfeld’swordsdogiveussomepleasantshadowyconceivabilityoftheCrown—Princess:——
"Tall，andperfectinshape；bustsuchasasculptormightcopy；
complexionofthefinest；featuresditto；nose，Iconfess，smallishandpointed，butexcellentofthatkind；hairofthesupremestflaxen，’shining’likeafloodofsunbeams，whenthepowderisoffit。AhumaneingenuousPrincess；littlenegligencesintoiletorthelike，ifsuchoccur，eventhesesetheroff，soingenuousarethey。Speakslittle；butalwaystothepurpose，inasimple，cheerfulandwiseway。Dancesbeautifully；heart（hersoubretteassuresme）isheavenly；——and’perhapsnoPrincesslivinghasafinersetofdiaonds。’"
OftheCrown—Princessthereissomepleasantshadowtracedasoncobweb，tothiseffect。ButoftheCrown—Princethereisnoformingtheleastconceptionfromwhathesays:——thisismerecobwebwithNothingelaboratelypaintedonit。Nordotheportraitsoftheothersattractbytheirverisimilitude。HereisColonelKeyserling，forinstance；thewittyCourlander，famousenoughintheFriedrichcircle；whowentonembassytoCirey，andmuchelse:he"whirlsinwithuproar（FRACAS）likeBoreasintheBallet；"fowling—pieceonshoulder，andinhis"dressing—gown"
withal，whichisstillstranger；snatchesoffBielfeld，unknowntillthatmoment，tositbyhimwhiledressing；andthere，withmuchcapering，pirouetting，andindeedalmostground—and—loftytumbling，foraccompaniment，"talksofHorses，Mathematics，Painting，Architecture，Literature，andtheArtofWar，"whilehedresses。ThisgentlemanwasonceColonelinFriedrichWilhelm’sArmy；isnowfairlyturnedofforty，andhasbeenintroubles:
wehopeheisnotLIKEintheBielfeldPortrait；——otherwise，howhappythatweneverhadthehonorofknowinghim！Indeed，theCrown—Prince’sHouseholdgenerally，asBielfeldpaintsitinflourishesofpanegyric，isbutunattractive；barrentothemodernon—looker；partlythePainter’sblame，wedoubtnot。Hegivesdetailsabouttheirmodeofdining，takingcoffee，doingconcert；
——anddescribesonceanincidentaldrinking—boutgotupaforethoughtbythePrince；whichisprobablyingoodpartfiction，thoughnotilldone。Thesefantasticsketchings，rigorouslywinnowedintothecredibleandactual，leavenogreatresidueinthatkind；butwhatlittletheydoleaveisoffavorableandpleasantnature。
BielfeldmadeavisitprivatelytoPotsdam，too:sawtheGiantsdrill；madeacquaintancewithimportantCaptainsoftheirs（allinASTERISKS）atPotsdam；withwhomhedined，notinatoocrediblemanner，andevendanced。Amongtheasterisks，weeasilypickoutCaptainWartensleben（oftheKorn’s—Hoteloperation），andWinterfeld，astillmoreimportantCaptain，whomwesawdiningoncoldpiewithhisMajesty，atabarn—doorinPommern，notlongsince。OftheGiants，ortheirlifeatPotsdam，Bielfeld’swordisnotworthhearing，——worthsuppressingrather；hisknowledgebeingsosmall，andhungforthinsofantasticaway。ThistransientsighthehadofhisMajestyinperson；this，whichisworthsomethingtous，——factbeingevidentlylodgedinit，"Afterchurch—parade，"AutumnSundayafternoon（dayuncertain，Bielfeld’sdatebeingfictitious，andevenimpossible），MajestydroveouttoWusterhausen，"wherethequantitiesofgamesurpassallbelief；"
andBielfeldhadoneglimpseofhim:——
"IsawhisMajestyonly，asitwere，inpassing。IfImayjudgebyhisPortraits，hemusthavebeenofaperfectbeautyinhisyoungtime；butitmustbeconfessedthereisnothingleftofitnow。
Hiseyestrulyarefine；buttheglanceofthemisterrible:
hiscomplexioniscomposedofthestrongesttintsofred，blue，yellow，green，"——notalovelycomplexionatall；"bighead；thethicknecksunkbetweentheshoulders；figureshortandheavy（COURTEETRAMASSEE）。"[Bielfeld，p。35。]
"GoingouttoWusterhausen，"then，thatafternoon，"October，1739。"HowhisMajestyiscrusheddown；quitebulgedoutofshapeinthatsadway，bytheweightoftimeanditspressures:
histhoughts，too，mostlikely，ofaheavy—ladenandabstrusenature！TheoldPfalzControversyhasmisgonewithhim:Pfalz，andsomuchelseintheworld；——theworldinwhole，probablyenough，nearendingtohim；thefinalshadows，sombre，grandandmournful，closinginuponhim！
TURKWARENDS；SPANISHWARBEGINS。AWEDDINGINPETERSBURG。
LastnewscometoPotsdaminthesedaysis，TheKaiserhasendedhisdisastrousTurkWar；beenobligedtoendit；suddendownbreak，andasitwerepanicterror，havingatlastcomeuponhisunfortunateGeneralsinthoseparts。DukeFranzwaspassionatetobeoutofsuchathing；Franz，GeneralNeippergandothers；
andnow，"2dSeptember，1739，"likelodgersleapingfromaburninghouse，theyareoutofit。TheTurkgetsBelgradeitself，nottomentionwideterritoriesfarthereast，——Belgradewithoutshotfired；——naytheTurkwashardlytobekeptfromhangingtheImperialMessenger（aGeneralNeipperg，DukeFranz’soldTutor，andchiefConfidant，whomweshallhearmoreofelsewhere），whosepassportwasnotquiterightonthisoccasion！——NeverwasamoredisgracefulPeace。Butalsoneverhadbeenworsefighting；
planless，changeful，powerless，meltingintofutilityateverystep:——nottobemendedbyimprisonmentsinGratz，andstillharshertreatmentofindividuals。"Hasallsuccessforsakenme，then，sinceEugenedied？"saidtheKaiser；andsnatchedatthisTurkPeace；gladtohaveit，bymediationofFrance，andonanyterms。
HasnotthisKaiserlosthisoutlyingpropertiesatafearfulrate？Naplesisgone；SpanishBourbonsitsinourNaples；
comparativelylittleleftforusinItaly。AndnowtheveryTurkhasbeatenussmall；insolentlyfillipstheImperialnoseofus，——
threateningtohangourNeipperg，andthelike。WereitnotforAnneofRussia，whosebighorse—whipfallsheavyonthisTurk，hemightalmostgettoViennaagain，foranythingwecoulddo！
AKaiserworthytobepitied；——whomFriedrichWilhelm，weperceive，doeshonestlypity。AKaisermuchbeggared，muchdisgraced，inlateyears；whohasplayedahugelife—gamesolong，diplomatizing，warring；and，excepttheShadowofPragmaticSanction，hasnothingtoretireupon。
TheRussiansprotested，withastonishment，againstsuchTurkPeaceontheKaiser’spart。Buttherewasnohelpforit。Oneallyisgone，theKaiserhasletgothisWesternskirtoftheTurk；
and"ThamasKouliKhan"（calledalsoNadirShah，famedOrientalslasherandslayerofthattime）nolongerstandsupontheEasternskirt，but"hasenteredIndia，"itappears:theRussians——theircash，too，runninglow——dothemselvesmakepeace，"aboutamonthafter；"restoringAzophandnearlyalltheirconquests；puttingofftheruinoftheTurktillabettertime。
WarisoverintheEast，then；butanotherintheWest，EnglandagainstSpain（SpainandFrancetohelp），isaboutbeginning。
ReadersrememberhowJenkins’sEarre—emerged，Springgoneayear，inablazingcondition？Here，throughSYLVANUSURBANhimself，aretwodirectglimpses，atwelve—monthnearerhand，whichshowushowthematterhasbeenproceedingsince:——
"LONDON，19thFEBRUARY，1739。TheCityAuthorities，"——layingorgoingtolay"thefoundationoftheMansion—House"（Edificenowveryblackinourtime），anddoingotherthingsoflittlemomenttous，"hadaMasqueradeattheGuildhallthisnight。TherewasaverysplendidappearanceattheMasquerade；butamongthemanyhumorousandwhimsicalcharacters，whatseemedmosttoengageattentionwasaSpaniard，whocalledhimself’KnightoftheEar；’
asBadgeofwhichOrderheworeonhisbreasttheformofaStar，withitspointstingedinblood；andonthebodyofitanEarpainted，andincapitallettersthewordJENKINSencirclingit。
Acrosshisshouldertherehung，insteadofribbon，alargeHalter；
whichhehelduptoseveralpersonsdressedasEnglishSailors，whoseemedingreatterrorofhim，andfallingontheirkneessufferedhimtorummagetheirpockets；whichdone，hewouldinsolentlydismissthemwithstrokesofhishalter。SeveraloftheSailorshadabloodyEarhangingdownfromtheirheads；andontheirhatswerethesewords，EARFOREAR；onothers，NOSEARCHOR
NOTRADE；withthelikesentences。"[Gentleman’sMagazinefor1739，p。103；——ourDATES，asalways，areN。8。]
Theconflagrationevidentlygoingon；notlikelytobedampeddownagain，byministerialart！——
"LONDON，19thMARCH，1739。"GrandDebateinParliament，onthelate"SpanishConvention，"pretendedBargainofredresslatelygotfromSpain:ApprovetheConvention，orNotapprove？"AhundredMemberswereintheHouseofCommonsbeforeseven，thismorning；
andfourhundredhadtakentheirseatbyten；whichisanunheard—
ofthing。PrinceofWales，"Fredinperson，"wasinthegallerytilltwelveatnight，andhadhisdinnersenttohim。SirRobertWalpolerose:’Sir，thegreatpainsthathavebeentakentoinfluenceallranksanddegreesofmeninthisNation——……
Butgivemeleaveto’"——applyawetclothtoHonorableGentlemen。
Whichhedoes，reallywithskillandsense。Franceandtheothersaresostrong，heurges；Englandsounprepared；Kaiseratsuchapass；’Warliketobe，aboutthePalatinateDispute[ourfriendFriedrichWilhelm’s]:WhereisEnglandtoget，allies？’——andhourslongofthelikesort。Ajudiciouswetcloth；whichprovedunavailing。
For"WilliamPitts"（sotheyspellthegreatChathamthatistobe）waseloquentontheotherside:"DespairingMerchants，""VoiceofEngland，"andsoon。Andtheworldwasallinaninflamedstate。AndMr。Pulteneyexclaimed:Palatinate？Allies？"Weneednoallies；thecaseofMr。Jenkinswillraiseusvolunteerseverywhere！"Andinshort，——aftereightmonthsmoreofhaggling，andapplyingwetcloths，——Walpole，inthenameofEngland，hastodeclareWaragainstSpain；["3dNovember（23dOctober），1739。"]
thepublichumorprovingunquenchableonthatmatter。War；andnoPeacetobe，"tillourundoubtedright，"toroadwayontheoceansofthisPlanet，becomepermanentlymanifesttotheSpanishMajesty。
SuchtheeffectofasmallEar，keptaboutoneincotton，fromursinepietyorotherfeelings。HasnotJenkins’sEarre—emerged，withavengeance？IthaskindledaWar:dangerousforkindlingotherWars，andsettingthewholeworldonfire，——aswillbetooevidentinthesequel！TheEAROFJENKINSisasingularthing。
Mighthavemountedtobeaconstellation，likeBERENICE’SHAIR，andothersmallfactsbecomemythical，hadtheEnglishPeoplebeenofpoeticturn！EnoughofIT，forthetimebeing。——
ThisSummer，AntonUlrich，atPetersburg，didwedhisSereneMecklenburgPrincess，HeiressofalltheRussias:"July14th，1739，"——threemonthsbeforethatDrivetoWusterhausen，whichwesawlately。LittleAntonUlrich，CadetofBrunswick；
ourFriedrich’sBrother—in—Law；——anoticeablysmallmanincomparisontosuchbulkofdestiny，thinksFriedrich，thoughthecaseisnotwithoutexample！[ALetterofhistoSuhm；touchingonFranzofLorraineandthisAntonUlrich。]
"AntonUlrichisnowfive—and—twenty，"saysoneofmyNotebooks；
"ayounggentlemanofsmallstature，shiningcourageinbattle，butsomewhatshyandbashful；whohashadhistroublesinPetersburgsociety，tillthetrialcame，——andwillhave。HerearethestagesofAntonUlrich’sfelicity:——
"WINTER，1732—1733。HewassentfortoPetersburg（hisSereneAunttheGermanKaiserinn，andKaiserKarl’sdiplomatists，suggestingitthere），withtheviewofhispayingcourttotheyoungMecklenburgPrincess，HeiressofalltheRussias，ofwhomwehaveoftenheard。February，1733，hearrivedonthiserrand；——notapprovedofatallbytheMecklenburgPrincess，byCzarinaAnneoranybodythere:whatcanbedonewithsuchanuncomfortablelittlecreature？TheygavehimtheColonelcyofCuirassiers:’Drillthere，andendure。’
"SPRING，1737。Much—enduring，diligentlydrilling，forfouryearspast，hewentthisyeartotheTurkWarunderMunnich；——muchpleasedMunnich，atOczakowandelsewhere；whoreportsintheWar—
Officehighthingsofhim。Andonthewhole，——thesereneViennapeoplenowagainbestirringthemselves，withwhomweareincopartneryinthisTurkbusiness，——littleAntonUlrichisencouragedtoproceed。Proceeds；formallydemandshisMecklenburgPrincess；and，"JULY14th，1739，wedsher；thehappiestlittlemaninalltheRussias，andwiththebiggestdestiny，ifitprosper。Nextyear，too，therecameasonandheir；whomtheycalledIwan，inhonorofhisRussianGreat—grandfather。ShallweaddthesubsequentfelicitiesofAntonUlrichhere；orwaittillanotheropportunity？"
Betterwait。Thisisall，andmorethanall，hisPrussianMajesty，rollingoutofWusterhausenthatafternoon，everknewofthem，orneededtoknow！——
ChapterVIII。
DEATHOFFRIEDRICHWILHELM。
AtWusterhausen，thisAutumn，thereisgameasusual，butlittleornohuntingfortheKing。Hehastositdrearilywithindoors，formostpart；listeningtotherustleoffallingleaves，todimWintercomingwithitsrainsandwinds。Field—sportsarearumorfromwithout:forhimnownojoyoussow—baiting，deer—chasing；——
that，likeotherthings，ispast。
InthebeginningofNovember，hecametoBerlin；wasworsethere，andagainwasbetter；——strovetodotheCarnival，ashadbeencustomary；but，inalanguid，lamedmanner。Onenighthelookedinuponanevening—partywhichGeneralSchulenburgwasgiving:
hereturnedhome，chilled，shivering；，couldnot，allnight，bebroughttoheatagain。Itwasthelastevening—partyFriedrichWilhelmeverwentto。[Pollnitz（ii。538）；whogivesnodate。]
Lieutenant—GeneralSchulenburg:thesamewhodoomedyoungFriedrichtodeath，asPresidentoftheCourt—Martial；
andthenwrotetheThreeLettersabouthimwhichweoncelookedinto:illuminateshimselfinthismannerinBerlinsociety，——
Carnivalseason，1740，weatherfiercelycold。MaypoleSchulenburgtheleanAunt，Ex—MistressofGeorgeI。，overinLondon，——Ithinkshemustnowbedead？Orifnotdead，whynot！Memory，forthetenthtime，failsme，ofthehumanlyunmemorable，whomperhapsevenflunkiesshouldforget；andIwilltryitnomore。
ThestalwartLieutenant—Generalwillreappearonusonce，twiceattheutmost，andneveragain。Hegavethelastevening—partyFriedrichWilhelmeverwentto。
PoorFriedrichWilhelmisintruthveryill；tossesaboutallday，inandoutofbed，——bedandwheeled—chairdrearilyalternating；
suffersmuch；——andagain，inDiplomaticcircles，therumorsarerifeandsinister。EverfromthischillatSchulenburg’sthemedicinesdidhimnogood，saysPollnitz:ifherallied，itwastheeffectofNature，andonlytemporary。Hedoesdaily，withpunctuality，hisOfficialbusiness；perhapsthebesttwohourshehasofthefour—and—twenty，forthetimehangsheavyonhim。HisoldGeneralssitroundhisbed，talking，smoking，asitwasfiveyearsago；hisFeekinandhisChildrenmuchabouthim，outandin:
theheavy—laden，wearyhoursrollroundastheycan。IngeneralthereisakindofconstantTabaks—Collegium，oldFlans，Camas，Hacke，Pollnitz，Derschau，andtherestbyturnsalwaysthere；
theroyalPatientcannotbeleftalone，withoutfaceshelikes:
otherGenerals，estimableintheirway，haveaphysiognomydispleasingtothesickman；andwillsmartforitiftheyenter，——"AtsightofHIMeverypaingrowspainfuler！"——thepoorKingbeingofpoetictemperament，asweoftensay。Friendsareencouragedtosmoke，especiallytokeepupastreamoftalk；ifatanytimehefallintoadozeandtheyceasetalking，thesilencewillawakenhim。
Heisworstoffinthenight；sleepverybad:andamonghissorebodilypains，ennuifallsveryheavytoamindsorestless。Hecanpaint，hecanwhittle，chisel:atlasttheyevenmounthimatable，inhisbed，withjoiner’stools，mallets，glue—pots，wherehemakessmallcarpentry，——thetalktogoonthewhile；——oftenatnightisthesoundofhismalletaudibleinthePalaceEsplanade；
andBerlintownsfolkpausetolisten，withmanythoughtsofasympatheticoratleastinarticulatecharacter:"HM，WEH，IHRO
MAJESTAT:ACHGOTT，paleDeathknockswithimpartialfootatthehutsofpoormenandthePalacesofKings！"[Pollnitz，ii。539。]
ReverendHerrRoloff，whomtheycallProvost（PROBST，ChiefClergyman）Roloff，apioushonestmanandpreacher，he，Icouldguess，hasalreadybeengivingspiritualcounselnowandthen；
laterinterviewswithRoloffareexpresslyonrecord:foritistheKing’sprivatethought，everandanonborneinuponhim，thatdeathitselfisinthisbusiness。
QueenandChildren，mostlyhopinghitherto，thoughfearingtoo，liveinmuchanxietyandagitation。TheCrown—PrinceisoftenoverfromReinsberg；mustnotcometoooften，noreveninquiretoomuch:hisaffectionatesolicitudemightbemistakenforsolicitudeofanotherkind！ItiscertainheisinnohastetobeKing；
toquitthehauntsoftheMuses，andembarkonKingship。
Certain，too，heloveshisFather；shuddersatthethoughtoflosingHIM。Andyetagaintherewillgleamsintrudeofacontrarythought；whichthefilialheartdisowns，withakindofhorror，"Down，thouimpiousthought！"——Weperceivehemanagesingeneraltopushthecrisisawayfromhim；tobelievethatrealdangerisstilldistant。Hisdemeanor，sofaraswecangatherfromhisLettersorotherevidence，isamiable，prudent，natural；
altogetherthatofahumanSoninthosedifficultcircumstances。
PoorPapaisheavy—laden:letushelptobearhisburdens；——
letushopethecrisisisstillfaroff！——
Once，onafavorableevening，probablyaboutthebeginningofApril，whenhefeltasifimproving，FriedrichWilhelmresolvedtodress，andholdTobacco—Parliamentagaininaformalmanner，Letuslookinthere，throughtheeyesofPollnitz，whowasofit，uponthelastTobacco—Parliament:——
"Anumerousparty；Schwerin，Hacke，Derschau，allthechiefsandcommandantsoftheBerlinGarrisonarethere；theoldcirclefull；
socialhumanspeechoncemore，andpipesalight；pleasanttotheKing。Hedoesnothimselfsmokeonthisoccasion；butheisunusuallylivelyintalk；muchenjoysthereturningglimpseofolddays；andtheTobaccocirclewasproceedingthroughitsphases，successfulbeyondcommon。AllatoncetheCrown—Princestepsin；
directfromReinsberg:[12thApril，1740？（OEuvres，xxvii。partlst，p。29）；Pollnitzisdateless]anunexpectedpleasure。AtsightofwhomtheTobaccocircle，takenonthesudden，simultaneouslystartedup，andmadehimabow。
Ruleis，inTobacco—Parliamentyoudonotrise——foranybody；
andtheyhaverisen。Whichstruckthesickheartinastrangepainfulway。’Hm，theRisingSun？’thinkshe；’Rulesbrokenthrough，fortheRisingSun。ButIamnotdeadyet，asyoushallknow！’ringingforhisservantsingreatwrath；andhadhimselfrolledout，regardlessofprotestationsandexcuses。
’Hither，youHacke！’saidhe。
"Hackefollowed；butitwasonlytoreturnontheinstant，withtheKing’sorder，’ThatyouinstantlyquitthePalace，allofyou，anddon’tcomeback！’SolemnrespectfulmessagetohisMajestywasofnoeffect，orofless；theyhadtogo，onthoseterms；
andPollnitz，makingforhisMajesty’sapartmentnextmorningasusual，wastwitchedbyaGens—d’arme，’Noadmittance！’Anditwasdaysbeforethematterwouldcomeroundagain，underearnestprotestationsfromtheoneside，andtruculentrebukesfromtheother。"[Pollnitz（abridged），ii。50。]FiguretheCrown—Prince，figurethepoorsickMajesty；andwhatatimeinthoselocalities！
Withthebrightspringweatherheseemedtorevive；towardstheendofAprilheresolvedforPotsdam，everybodythinkinghimmuchbetter，andtheouterPublicreckoningthecrisisoftheillnessover。Hehimselfknewother。Itwasonthe27thofthemonththathewent；hesaid，"Faretheewell，then，Berlin；IamtodieinPotsdam，then（ICHWERDEINPOTSDAMSTERBEN）！"TheMay—flowerscamelate；theweatherwaschangeful，ungenialforthesickman:
thiswinterof1740hadbeenthecoldestonrecord；itextendeditselfintotheverysummer；andbroughtgreatdistressofeverykind；——ofwhichsomeoralrumorstillsurvivesinallcountries。
FriedrichWilhelmheardcomplaintsofscarcityamongthepeople；
admonitionstoopenhisCorn—granaries（suchashealwayshasinstoreagainstthatkindofaccident）；buthestillhesitatedandrefused；unabletolookintoithimself，andfearingdeceptions。
Fortherest，heisstrugglingbetweendeathandlife；ingeneralpersuadedthattheendisfasthasteningon。HesendsforChiefPreacherRoloffouttoPotsdam；hassomenotabledialogueswithRoloff，andwithtwootherPotsdamClergymen，ofwhichthereisrecordstillleftus。Inthese，asinallhisdemeanoratthissupremetime，weseethebigruggedblockofmanhoodcomeoutveryvividly；stronginhissimplicity，inhisveracity。
FriedrichWilhelm’swishistoknowfromRoloffwhatthechancesareforhimintheotherworld，——whichisnotlesscertainthanPotsdamandthegiantgrenadierstoFriedrichWilhelm；andwhere，heperceives，neverhalfsoclearlybefore，heshallactuallypeeloffhisKinghood，andstandbeforeGodAlmighty，nobetterthananakedbeggar。Roloff’sprognosticsarenotsoencouragingastheKinghadhoped。SurelythisKing"nevertookorcovetedwhatwasnothis；kepttruetohismarriage—vow，inspiteofhorribleexampleseverywhere；believedtheBible，honoredthePreachers，wentdiligentlytoChurch，andtriedtodowhatheunderstoodGod’scommandmentswere？"ToallwhichRoloff，acourageouspiousman，answerswithdiscreetwordsandshakingsofthehead，"DidIbehaveill，then；didIeverdoinjustice？"
RoloffmentionsBaronSchlubhutthedefalcatingAmtmann，hangedatKonigsbergwithoutevenatrial。"Hehadnotrial；butwasthereanydoubthehadjustice？Apublicthief，confessinghehadstolenthetaxeshewassettogather；insolentlyoffering，asifthatwereall，torepaythemoney，andsaying，ItwasnotMANIER（goodmanners）tohanganobleman！"Roloffshakeshishead，Tooviolent，yourMajesty，andsavoringofthetyrannous。ThepoorKingmustrepent。
"Well，——isthereanythingmore？Outwithit，then；betternowthantoolate！"——Muchoppression，forcingmentobuildinBerlin。——
"Oppression？wasitnottheirbenefit，aswellasBerlin’sandtheCountry’s？Ihadnointerestinitother。Derschau，youwhomanagedit？"andhisMajestyturnedtoDerschau。Forallthesmokinggeneralsandcompanyarestillhere；norwillhisMajestyconsenttodismissthemfromthepresenceandbealonewithRoloff:"Whatistheretoconceal？Theyarepeopleofhonor，andmyfriends。"Derschau，whosefeatsinthebuildingwayarenotunknowneventous，answerswithahardface，Itwasallrightandorderly；nothingoutofsquareinhisbuildingoperations。
TowhichRoloffshakeshishead:"Athingofpublicnotoriety，HerrGeneral。"——"IwillproveeverythingbeforeaCourt，"answerstheHerrGeneralwithstillharderface；Roloffstillausterelyshakinghishead。Hm！——Andthenthereisforgivenessofenemies；
yourMajestyisboundtoforgiveallmen，orhowcanyouasktobeforgiven？"Well，Iwill，Ido；youFeekin，writetoyourBrother（unforgivablestofbeings），afterIamdead，thatIforgavehim，diedinpeacewithhim。"——BetterherMajestyshouldwriteatonce，suggestsRoloff。——"No，afterIamdead，"persiststheSonofNature，——thatwillbesafer！[Wroteaccordingly，"notabletofinishwithoutmanytears；"honestsensibleLetter（thoughindifferentlyspelt），"Berlin，1stJune，1740；"——liesnowinState—PaperOffice:"ROYALLETTERS，vol。xciv。，Prussia，1689—1777。"]Anunwedgeableandgnarledbigblockofmanhoodandsimplicityandsincerity；suchaswerarelygetsightofamongthemodernsonsofAdam，amongthecrownedsonsnearlynever。
AtpartinghesaidtoRoloff，"You（ER，He）donotspareme；itisright。YoudoyourdutylikeanhonestChristianman。"
[NotataexoreRoloffi（"foundamongtheSeckendorfPapers，"nodatebut"May1740"），inForster，ii。154，155；inafragmentarystate:completedinPollnitz，ii。545—549。]
Roloff，Iperceive，hadseveralDialogueswiththeKing；
andstayedinPotsdamsomedaysforthatobject。TheabovebitofjottingisfromtheSeckendorfPapers（probablypickedupbySeckendorfJunior），andisdatedonly"May。"OfthetwoPotsdamPreachers，oneofwhomis"Oesfeld，ChaplainoftheGiantGrenadiers，"andtheotheris"Cochius，CalvinistHofprediger，"
eachpublishedonhisownscoresomeNotesofdialogueandcircumstance；[CochiustheHOFPREDIGER’S（CalvinistCourt—
Chaplain’s）ACCOUNTofhisInterviews（firstofthem"Friday，27thMay，1740，about9P。M。"）；followedbydittofromOesfeld（ChaplainoftheGiants），whousuallyaccompaniedCochius，——areinSeyfarth，GeschichteFriedrichdesGrossen
（Leipzig，1783—1788），i。（Beylage）24—40。Seyfarthwas"Regiments—
Auditor"inHalle:hisWork，solidthoughstupid，consistsnearlyaltogetherofmultifariousBEYLAGEN（Appendices）andNOTES；
whicharecreditablyaccurate，andoftencurious；and，asusual，havenoIndexforanunfortunatereader。]whicharetothesameeffect，sofarastheyconcernus；andexhibitthesameruggedSonofNature，lookingwithallhiseyesightintothenearEternity，andsinkinginahumanandnotinhumanmanneramidthefloodsofTime。"Wa，Wa，whatgreatGodisthis，thatpullsdownthestrengthofthestrongestKings！"——
ThepoorKing’sstateisveryrestless，fluctuatesfromdaytoday；heisimpatientofbed；sleepsveryill；isupwheneverpossible；rollsaboutinhiswheeled—chair，andevengetsintotheair:atonetimelookingstrong，asiftherewerestillmonthsinhim，andanonsunkinfaintingweakness，asifhehadfewminutestolive。FriedrichatReinsbergcorrespondsverysecretlywithDr。Eller；hasotherfriendsatPotsdamwhosesecretnewsheveryanxiouslyreads。Tothelasthecannotbringhimselftothinkitserious。"[LettertoEller，25thMay，1740（OEuvres），xvi。184。]
OnThursday，26thofMay，anexpressfromEller，orthePotsdamfriends，arrivesatReinsberg:Heistocomequickly，ifhewouldseehisFatheragainalive！Thestepmayhavedanger，too；butFriedrich，aworldoffeelingsurginghim，isontheroadnextmorningbeforethesun。Hisjourneymaybefancied；thelikeofitfallstoallmen。Arrivingatlast，turninghastilyacornerofthePotsdamSchloss，Friedrichseessomegatheringinthedistance:itishisFatherinhisROLLWAGEN（wheeled—chair），——notdying；butoutofdoors，givingordersaboutfoundingaHouse，orseeingitdone。HouseforonePhilips，acrabbedEnglishmanhehas；whosetongueisnoneofthebest，noteventoMajestyitself，butwhosemeritsasaGroom，ofEnglishandotherHorses，arewithoutparallelinthoseparts。Withoutparallel，anddeserveaHousebeforewedie。Letusseeitsetagoing，thisblessedMayday！OfPhilips，whosurviveddeepintoFriedrich’stime，andutteredroughsayings（inmixedintelligibledialect）whenputuponinhisgrooming，orotherwisedisturbed，Icouldobtainnofartheraccount:themandidnotcaretobeputinHistory（averysmallservicetoaman）；caredtohaveahousewithtrimfittings，andtodohisgroomingwell，thefortunatePhilips。
AtsightofhisSon，FriedrichWilhelmthrewouthisarms；theSonkneelingsankuponhisbreast，andtheyembracedwithtears。
MyFather，myFather；MySon，mySon！Itwasascenetomakeallby—standersandevenPhilipsweep。——ProbablytheemotionhurttheoldKing；hehadtobetakeninagainstraightway，hisshowofstrengthsuddenlygone，andbedtheonlyplaceforhim。ThissameFridayhedictatedtooneofhisMinisters（Boden，whowasincloseattendance）theInstructionforhisFuneral；arudecharacteristicPiece，whichperhapstheEnglishreaderknows。
Toolongandrudeforreprintinghere。[Copyofit，inSeyfarth（ubisupra），i。19—24。TranslatedinMauvillon（ii。432—437）；
in&c。&c。]
Heistobeburiedinhisuniform，thePotsdamGrenadiershisescort；withmilitarydecorum，threevolleysfired（andtakecaretheybewellfired，"NICHTPLACKEREN"），somanycannon—salvos；——
andnofussorflauntingceremony:simplicityanddecencyiswhatthetenantofthatoakcoffinwants，ashealwaysdidwhenownerofwiderdominions。Thecoffin，whichhehasreadyandbesidehiminthePalacethisgoodwhile，isastoutpieceofcarpentry，withleatherstrapsandotherimprovements；heviewsitfromtimetotime；solaceshistruculentimaginationwiththelookofit:
"Ishallsleeprightwellthere，"hewouldsay。TheimagehehasofhisBurial，weperceive，isofperfectvisuality，equaltowhataDefoecoulddoinimagining。Allisseen，settledtothelastminuteness:thecoffinistobeborneoutbysoandso，atsuchandsuchadoor；thisdetachmentistofall—inhere，thatthere，intheattitudeof"coverarms"（musketinvertedunderleftarm）；
andthebandistoplay，withallitsblackamoors，OHauptvollBlutundWunden（OHead，allbleedingwounded）；aDirgehisMajestyhadliked，whoknewmusic，andhadaloveforit，afterhissort。GoodSonofNature:adumbPoet，asIsayalways；mostdumb，butreal；thevalueofhimgreat，andunknowninthesebabblingtimes。ItwasonthissameFridaynightthatCochiuswasfirstsentfor；Cochius，andOesfeldwithhim，"aboutnineo’clock。"
Forthenextthreedays（SaturdaytoMonday）whenhiscoughandmanysufferingswouldpermithim，FriedrichWilhelmhadlongprivatedialogueswithhisSon；instructinghim，aswasevident，inthemysteriesofState；inwhatknowledge，astopersonsandtothings，hereckonedmightbeusefulesttohim。Whatthelessonswere，weknownot；thewayoftakingthemhadgivenpleasuretotheoldman:hewasheardtosay，perhapsmorethanonce，whentheGeneralswerecalledin，andthedialogueinterruptedforawhile:
"AmnotIhappytohavesuchaSontoleavebehindme！"AndthegrimlysympatheticGeneralstestifiedassent；endeavoredtotalkalittle，couldatleastsmoke，andlookfriendly；tilltheKinggatheredstrengthforcontinuinghisinstructionstohisSuccessor。Allelsewasasifsettledwithhim；thishadstillremainedtodo。Thisoncedone（finished，Mondaynight），whynotabdicatealtogether；anddiedisengaged，beitinadayorinamonth，sincethatisnowtheoneworkleft？FriedrichWilhelmdoessopurpose。
Hisstate，nowasallalong，wasfluctuating，uncertain，restless。
Hewasheardmurmuringprayers；hewouldsaysometimes，"Prayforme；BETETBETET。"Andmorethanonce，indeeptone:"Lord，enternotintojudgmentwithThyservant，forinThysightshallnomanlivingbejustified！"ThewildSonofNature，lookingintoLifeandDeath，intoJudgmentandEternity，findsthatthesethingsareverygreat。Thistooisacharacteristictrait:InacertainGermanHymn（Whyfretormurmur，then？thetitleofit），whichtheyoftensangtohim，oralongwithhim，ashemuchlovedit，arethesewords，"NakedIcameintotheworld，andnakedshallIgo，"——"No，"saidhe"alwayswithvivacity，"atthispassage；"notquitenakid，Ishallhavemyuniformon:"
Letusbeexact，sinceweareatit！Afterwhichthesingingproceededagain。"ThelateGrafAlexandervonWartenberg"——CaptainWartenberg，whomweknow，andwhoseopportunities——"waswonttorelatethis。"[Busching（in1786），Beitrage，
iv。100。]
Tuesday，31stMay，"aboutoneinthemorning，"Cochiuswasagainsentfor。HefoundtheKinginverypiousmood，butingreatdistress，andafraidhemightyethavemuchpaintosuffer。
Cochiusprayedwithhim；talkedpiously。"Icanremembernothing，"
saidtheKing；"Icannotpray，Ihaveforgottenallmyprayers。"——
"Prayerisnotinwords，butinthethoughtoftheheart，"saidCochius；andsoothedtheheavy—ladenmanashecould。"Fareyouwell，"saidFriedrichWilhelm，atlength；"mostlikelyweshallnotmeetagaininthisworld。"WhereatCochiusburstintotears，andwithdrew。Aboutfour，theKingwasagainoutofbed；wishedtoseehisyoungestBoy，whohadbeenillofmeasles，butwasdoingwell:"PoorlittleFerdinand，adieu，then，mylittlechild！"
ThisistheFatherofthatfineLouisFerdinand，whowaskilledatJena；concerningwhomBerlin，incertainemancipatedcirclesofit，stillspeakswithregret。He，theLouisFerdinand，hadfinequalities；butwentfara—roving，intoradicalism，intoromanticlove，intochampagne；andwascutdownonthethresholdofJena，desperatelyfighting，——perhapshappilyforhim。
FromlittleFerdinand’sroomFriedrichWilhelmhashimselfrolledintoQueenSophie’s。"Feekin，OmyFeekin，thoumustrisethisday，andhelpmewhatthoucanst。ThisdayIamgoingtodie；
thouwiltbewithmethisday！"ThegoodWiferises:Iknownotthatitwasthefirsttimeshehadbeensocalled；butitdidprovethelast。FriedrichWilhelmhasdecided，asthefirstthinghewilldo，toabdicate；andalltheOfficialpersonsandcompanionsofthesick—room，Pollnitzamongthem，notlongaftersunrise，arecalledtoseeitdone。Pollnitz，huddlingonhisclothes，arrivedaboutfive:inacorridorheseesthewheeled—
chairandpoorsickKing；stepsasidetolethimpass:"’Itisover（DASISTVOLLBRACHT），’saidtheKing，lookinguptomeashepassed:hehadonhisnightcap，andabluemantlethrownroundhim。"Hewaswheeledintohisanteroom；thereletthecompanyassemble；manyofthemarealreadythere。
Theroyalstablesarevisiblefromthisroom:FriedrichWilhelmordersthehorsestoberiddenout:youoldFurstofAnhalt—Dessaumyoldestfriend，youColonelHackefaithfulestofAdjutant—
Generals，takeeachofyouahorse，thebestyoucanpickout:
itismylastgifttoyou。Dessau，insilence，withdumb—showofthanks，pointstoahorse，anyhorse:"Youhavechosentheveryworst，"saidFriedrichWilhelm:"Takethatother，Iwillwarranthimagoodone！"ThegrimoldDessauerthanksinsilence；
speechlessgriefisonthatsterngunpowderface，andheseemseventobestrugglingwithtears。"Nay，nay，myfriend，"FriedrichWilhelmsaid，"thisisadebtwehavealltopay。"
TheOfficialpeople，Queen，Friedrich，MinisterBoden，MinisterPodewils，andevenPollnitz，beingnowallpresent，FriedrichWilhelmmakeshisDeclaration，atconsiderablelength；oldGeneralBredowrepeatingitaloud，[Pollnitz，ii。561。]sentencebysentence，theKing’sownvoicebeingtooweak；sothatallmayhear:"Thatheabdicates，givesupwholly，infavorofhisgoodSonFriedrich；thatforeignAmbassadorsaretobeinformed；
thatyouarealltobetrueandloyaltomySonasyouweretome"——andwhatelseisneedful。TowhichthejudiciousPodewilsmakesanswer，"ThattheremustfirstbeawrittenDeedofhishighTransactionexecuted，whichshallbestraightwaysetabout；
theDeedonceexecuted，signedandsealed，——thehighRoyalwill，inallpoints，takeseffect。"Alas，beforePodewilshasdonespeaking，theKingislikefallingintoafaint；doesfaint，andiscarriedtobed:toounlikelyanyDeedofAbdicationwillbeneeded。
Upsanddownstherestillwere；sorefluctuatinglabor，asthepoorKingstrugglestohisfinalrest，thismorning。Hewasatthewindowagain，whentheWACHT—PARADE（GrenadiersonGuard）turnedout；hesawthemmaketheirevolutionsforthelasttime。[Pauli，viii。280。]Afterwhich，newrelapse，newfluctuation。Itwasabouteleveno’clock，whenCochiuswasagainsentfor。TheKinglayspeechless，seeminglystillconscious，inbed；Cochiusprayswithfervor，inaloudtone，thatthedyingKingmayhearandjoin。"Notsoloud！"saystheKing，rallyingalittle。Hehadrememberedthatitwastheseasonwhenhisservantsgottheirnewliveries；theyhadbeenorderedtoappearthisdayinfullnewcostume:"Ovanity！Ovanity！"saidFriedrichWilhelm，atsightoftheornamentedplush。"Prayforme，prayforme；mytrustisintheSaviour！"heoftensaid。Hispains，hisweaknessaregreat；
thecordageofamosttoughheartrendingitselfpiecebypiece。
Atonetime，hecalledforamirror:thatiscertain:——ruggedwildman，sonofNaturetothelast。Themirrorwasbrought；whathesaidatsightofhisfaceisvariouslyreported:"NotsowornoutasIthought，"isPollnitz’saccount，andthelikeliest；——thoughperhapshesaidseveralthings，"uglyface，""asgoodasdeadalready；"andcontinuedtheinspectionforsomemoments。
[Pollnitz，ii。564；Wilhelmina，ii。321。]Agrim，strangething。
"Feelmvpulse，Pitsch，"saidhe，noticingtheSurgeonofhisGiants:"tellmehowlongthiswilllast。"——"Alas，notlong，"
answeredPitsch。——"Saynot，alas；buthowdoyou（He）know？"——
"Thepulseisgone！"——"Impossible，"saidhe，liftinghisarm:
"howcouldImovemyfingersso，ifthepulseweregone？"
Pitschlookedmournfullysteadfast。"HerrJesu，totheeIlive；
HerrJesu，totheeIdie；inlifeandindeaththouartmygain（DUBISTMEINGEWINN）。"ThesewerethelastwordsFriedrichWilhelmspokeinthisworld。Heagainfellintoafaint。
EllergaveasignaltotheCrown—PrincetotaketheQueenaway。
Scarcelyweretheyoutoftheroom，whenthefainthaddeepenedintodeath；andFriedrichWilhelm，atrestfromallhislabors，sleptwiththeprimevalsonsofThor。
NoBaresarkofthem，norOdin’sself，Ithink，wasabitoftruerhumanstuff；——Iconfesshisvaluetome，inthesesadtimes，israreandgreat。ConsideringtheusualHistrionic，Papin’s—
Digester，Truculent—Charlatanandotherspeciesof"Kings，"aloneattainableforthesunkflunkypopulationsofanEragivenuptoMammonandtheworshipofitsownbelly，whatwouldnotsuchapopulationgiveforaFriedrichWilhelm，toguideitontheroadBACKfromOrcusalittle？"Wouldgive，"Ihavewritten；butalas，itoughttohavebeen"SHOULDgive。"WhatTHEY"would"giveistoomournfullyplaintome，inspiteofballot—boxes:asteadyandtremendoustruthfromthedaysofBarabbasdownwardsandupwards！
——Tuesday，31stMay，1740，betweenoneandtwoo’clockintheafternoon，FriedrichWilhelmdied；agefifty—two，coming15thAugustnext。Sameday，FriedrichhisSonwasproclaimedatBerlin；
quiltedheralds，withsoundoftrumpetandthelike，doingwhatiscustomaryonsuchoccasions。
OnSaturday，4thJune，theKing’sbodyislaidoutinstate；
allPotsdamatlibertytocomeandsee。Heliesthere，inhisregimentals，inhisoakencoffin，onaraisedplaceinthemiddleoftheroom；decentmortuarydraperies，lamps，garlands，banderolsfurnishingtheroomandhim:athisfeet，onablack—velvetTABOURET（stool），arethechivalryemblems，helmet，gauntlets，spurs；andonsimilarstools，attherighthandandtheleft，liehismilitaryinsignia，hatandsash，sword，guidon，andwhatelseisfit。Around，insilence，sitnineveteranmilitarydignitaries；
Buddenbrock，Waldau，Derschau，Einsiedel，andfiveotherswhomweomittoname。Silenttheysit。Agrimearnestsightintheshineofthelamplight，asyoupassoutoftheJunesun。Manywent，allday；lookedonceagainonthefacethatwastovanish。
Preciselyattenatnight，thecoffin—lidisscreweddown:
twelvePotsdamCaptainstakethecoffinontheirshoulders；
four—and—twentyCorporalswithwaxtorches，four—and—twentySergeantswithinvertedhalbertslowered；certainGeneralsonorder，andverymanyfollowingasvolunteers；theseperformtheactualburial，——carrythebodytotheGarrisonChurch，whereareclergywaiting，whichisbutasmallstepoff；seeitlodged，oakcoffinandall，inamarblecoffininthesidevaultthere，whichisknowntoTourists。[Pauli，viii。281。]Itistheendoftheweek，andtheactualburialisdone，——hastenedforwardforreasonswecanguess。
FilialpietybynomeansintendstodefraudalovedFatheroftheSpartanceremonialcontemplatedasobsequiesbyhim:veryfarfromit。Filialpietywillconformtothatwithrigor；onlyaddingwhatmusicalandothersplendorsarepossible，totestifyhislovestillmore。Andso，almostthreeweekshence，onthe23dofthemonth，withtheaidofDresdenArtists，ofLatinCantatasandotherpomps（notinexcusable，thoughsomewhatoutofkeeping），thedueFuneralisdone，noCorpsebutaWaxEffigypresentinit；——
andinallpoints，thatofthePotsdamGrenadiersnotforgotten，therewasrigorousconformitytotheInstructionleft。Inallpoints，eventotheextensivefuneraldinner，anddrinkingoftheappointedcaskofwine，"thebestcaskinmycellar。"Adieu，OKing。
ThePotsdamGrenadiersfiredtheirthreevolleys（not"PLACKERING，"asIhavereasontobelieve，butwell）；gottheirallowance，dinner—liquor，andappointedcoinofmoney:itwasthelastservicerequiredoftheminthisworld。Thatsamenighttheyweredissolved，thewholeFourThousandofthem，atastroke；
andceasedtoexistasPotsdamGrenadiers。Colonels，Captains，alltheOfficersknowntobeofmerit，wereadvanced，atleasttransferred。Ofthecommonmen，aminority，ofnotinhumanheightandofworthotherwise，wereformedintoanewRegimentonthecommonterms:thestupidsplay—footedeight—feetmasswereallowedtostalkoffwhithertheypleased，orvegetateonfrugalpensions；
IrishKirkman，andafewothersneitherknock—kneednorwithouthead，wereappointedHEYDUCS，thatis，porterstotheKing’sorotherPalaces；anddidthatdutyinwhatwasconsideredanornamentalmanner。
Herearestilltwothingscapableofbeingfishedupfromtheseaofnugatorymatter；andmeditatedonbyreaders，tillthefollowingBooksopen。
ThelastbreathofFriedrichWilhelmhavingfled，Friedrichhurriedtoaprivateroom；satthereallintears；lookingbackthroughthegulfsofthePast，uponsuchaFathernowraptawayforever。Sadall，andsoftinthemoonlightofmemory，——thelostLovedOneallintherightaswenowsee，weallinthewrong！——
this，itappears，wastheSon’sfixedopinion。Sevenyearshence，hereishowFriedrichconcludestheHISTORYofhisFather，writtenwithaloyaladmirationthroughout:"WehaveleftundersilencethedomesticchagrinsofthisgreatPrince:readersmusthavesomeindulgenceforthefaultsoftheChildren，inconsiderationofthevirtuesofsuchaFather。"[OEuvres，i。174
（MemoiresdeBrandebourg:finishedabout1747）。]Allintearshesitsatpresent，meditatingthesesadthings。
InalittlewhiletheOldDessauer，abouttoleaveforDessau，venturesintotheCrown—Prince，Crown—Princenolonger；
"embraceshisknees；"offers，weeping，hiscondolence，hiscongratulation；——hopeswithalthathissonsandhewillbecontinuedintheiroldposts，andthathe，theOldDessauer，"willhavethesameauthorityasinthelatereign。"Friedrich’seyes，atthislastclause，flashouttearless，strangelyOlympian。
"InyourpostsIhavenothoughtofmakingchange:inyourposts，yes；——andastoauthority，IknowofnonetherecanbebutwhatresidesintheKingthatissovereign！"Which，asitwere，struckthebreathoutoftheOldDessauer；andsenthimhomewithapainfulmiscellanyoffeelings，astonishmentnotwantingamongthem。
Atanafterhour，thesamenight，FriedrichwenttoBerlin；metbyacclamationenough。Hesleptthere，notwithouttumultofdreams，onemayfancy；andonawakeningnextmorning，thefirstsoundheheardwasthatoftheRegimentGlasenapunderhiswindows，swearingfealtytothenewKing。Hesprangoutofbedinatempestofemotion；bustleddistractedlytoandfro，wildlyweeping。
Pollnitz，whocameintotheanteroom，foundhiminthisstate，"half—dressed，withdishevelledhair，intears，andasifbesidehimself。""ThesehuzzaingsonlytellmewhatIhavelost！"saidthenewKing。——"HEwasingreatsuffering，"suggestedPollnitz；
"heisnowatrest。""True，hesuffered；buthewasherewithus:
andnow——！"[Ranke（ii。46，47），fromcertainFragments，still，inmanuscript，ofPollnits’sMemoiren。
ENDOFBOOKX
HistoryofFriedrichIIofPrussiaV11
byThomasCarlyleBOOKXI。