andretreatsbodily，athisfasteststep，toBischofswerdaagain；
norbyanymeansstopsthere。"[Tempelhof，iv。61—63。]
Forthethirdtime！"Threeislucky，"Friedrichmayhavethought:
andtherehasnoprecaution，ofdrum—music，ofsecrecyorpersuasivefinesse，beenneglectedonLacy。ButLacyhasearsthathearthegrassgrow:ourelaboratelyaccuratetriple—pincers，closingsimultaneouslyonBischofswerda，aftereighteenmilesofsweep，findLacyflownagain；nothingtobecaughtofhimbutsome80hussars。AllthisdayandallnextnightLacyisscouringthroughthewesternpartsatanextraordinaryrate；haltingforacamp，twiceover，atdifferentplaces，——DurreFuchs（THIRSTYFOX），DurreBuhle（THIRSTYSWEETHEART），orwhereveritwas；thenagaintakingwing，onsoundofPrussianpartiestorear；inshort，hurryingtowardsDresdenandtheReichsfolk，asifforlife。
Lacy’sretreat，Ihear，wasingeniouslydone，withaminimumofdisorderinthecircumstances:butcertainlyitwaswithavelocityasifhisheadhadbeenonfire；and，indeed，theysayheescapedannihilationbybeingoffintime。Heputupfinally，notatThirstySweetheart，stilllessatThirstyFox，successiveHamletsandPublicHousesinthesandyWildernesswhichliestonorthofElbe，andiscalledDRESDENHEATH；butfartheron，inthesameTract，atWeisseHirsch（WHITEHART）；whichlookscloseoveruponDresden，withintwomilesorso；andisakindofHeight，andmilitarypostofadvantage。Nextmorning，July10th，hecrossesDresdenBridge，comesstreamingthroughtheCity；andtakesshelterwiththeReichsfolknearthere:——towardsPlauenChasm；thestrongestgroundintheworld；hardlystrongenough，itappears，inthepresentemergency。
Friedrich’sfirststring，therefore，hassnaptintwo；but，ontheinstant，hehasasecondfittedon:——maythatproveluckier！
ChapterII。
FRIEDRICHBESIEGESDRESDEN。
FromandaftertheEveningofWednesday，July9th，itisuponaSiegeofDresdenthatFriedrichgoes；——turningthewholewar—
theatretopsy—turvy；throwingDaun，Loudon，Lacy，everybodyOUT，inthisstrangeandsuddenmanner。Oneofthefinestmilitaryfeatseverdone，thinksTempelhof。Undoubtedlyanotableresultsofar，andnotablydone；astheimpartialreader（ifTempelhofbealittleinconsistent）seesforhimself。Thesetrulyareawonderfulseriesofmarches，opulentincontinualpromptitudes，audacities，contrivances；——donewithshiningtalent，certainly；andalsowithresultshining，forthemoment。AndinaFabulousEpicIthinkDresdenwouldcertainlyhavefallentoFriedrich，andhiscrowdofenemiesbeenleftinatumbledcondition。
ButtheEpicofRealitycaresnothingforsuchconsiderations；
andthetimeallowableforcaptureofDresdenisverybrief。
HadDaun，ongettingwarning，beenasprompttoreturnashewastogo，franklyfrontingatoncethechancesoftheroad，hemighthavebeenatDresdenagainperhapswithinaweek，——noSiegepossibleforFriedrich，hardlythebiggunsgotupfromMagdeburg。ButFriedrichcalculatedtherewouldbeveryconsiderablefettlingandhagglingonDaun’spart；sayagoodFortnightofSiegeallowed；——andthat，bydead—lifteffortofallhands，thethingwasfeasiblewithinthatlimit。OnFriedrich’spart，aswecanfancy，therewasnowantofeffort；noronhispeople’spart，——inspiteofhiscomplainings，sayRetzowandtheOppositionparty；whoinsinuatetheirownprivatebeliefofimpossibilityfromthefirst。Whichisnotconfirmedbyimpartialjudgments，——thatofArchenholtz，andothersbetter。Thetruthis，FriedrichwaswithinaninchoftakingDresdenbythefirstassault，——theysayheactuallycouldhavetakenitbystormthefirstday；butshudderedatthethoughtofexposingpoorDresdentosackandplunder；andhopedtogetitbycapitulation。
OneoftherapidestandmostfuriousSiegesanywhereonrecord。
FilledEuropewithastonishment，expectancy，admiration，horror:——
mustbeverybrieflyrecitedhere。Themainchronologicalepochs，salientpointsofcrisisandsuccessivephasesofoccurrence，willsufficientlyindicateittothereader’sfancy。
"ItwasThursdayEvening，10thJuly，whenLacygottohisReichsfolk，andtookbreathbehindPlauenChasm。MaguireisGovernorofDresden。Theconsternationofgarrisonandpopulationwasextreme。ToLacyhimselfitdidnotseemconceivablethatFriedrichcouldmeanaSiegeofDresden。Friedrich，thatnight，isbeyondtheRiver，inDaun’soldimpregnabilityofReichenberg:
’Hehasnosiege—artillery，’thinksLacy；’nomeans，notime。’
"Nevertheless，Saturday，nextdayafterto—morrow，——behold，thereisHulsen，comefromSchlettautoourneighborhood，onourAustriansideoftheRiver。AndatKaditzyonder，amilebelowDresden，arenottheKing’speoplebuildingtheirPontoons；inmarchsince2inthemorning，——evidentlycomingacross，ifnottobesiegeDresden，thentoattackus；whichisperhapsworse！Weoutnumberthem，——butastotryingfightinanyform？ZweibruckleavesMaguireanadditional10，000；——everyhelpandencouragementtoMaguire；
whosegarrisonisnow14，000:’Beofcourage，ExcellenzMaguire！
Nobodyisbetterskilledinsiege—matters。Feldmarschallandreliefwillbeherewithdespatch！’——andwithdraws，Lacyandhe，totheedgeofthePirnaCountry，theretobewelloutofharm’sway。
Lacyandhe，itisthought，wouldperhapshavegotbeaten，tryingtosaveDresdenfromitsmisery。Lacy’sorderswere，Not，onanyterms，togetintofightingwithFriedrich，butonlytocoverDresden。Dresden，withoutfighting，hasprovedimpossibletocover，andLacyleavesitbare。"[Tempelhof，iv。65。]
"AtKaditz，"saysMitchell，"wherethesecondbridgeofboatstookagreatdealoftime，IwasstandingbyhisMajesty，whennewstotheaboveeffectcameacrossfromGeneralHulsen。TheKingwashighlypleased；and，turningtome，said:’JustwhatIwished！
Theyhavesavedmeaverylongmarch[roundbyDippoldiswaldeorso，inupontherearofthem]bygoingofwill。’AndimmediatelytheKinggotonhorseback；orderingtheArmytofollowasfastasitcould。"[Mitchell，ii。168。]"ThroughPreisnitz，Plauen—ward，goestheArmy；circlingroundtheWesternandtheSouthernsideofDresden；[adreadspectaclefromthewalls]；acrossWeistritzBrookandthePlauenChasm[comfortablyleftvacant]；andencampsontheSoutheasternsideofDresden，atGruna，behindtheGREATGARDEN；
readytobeginbusinessonthemorrow。Gruna，aboutamiletosoutheastofDresdenWalls，ishead—quarterduringthisSiege。
"Throughthenight，thePrussiansproceedtobuildbatteries，thebesttheycan；——thereisnorightsiege—artilleryyet；afewaccidentalhowitzersand25—pounders，therestmerefield—guns；——
butto—morrowmorning，beasitmay，businessshallbegin。
PrincevonHolstein[nephewoftheHolsteinBeck，or"HolsteinSILVER—PLATE，"whomwelostlongago]，frombeyondtheRiver，encampedattheWhiteHartyonder，istoplayupontheNeustadtsimultaneously。
MONDAY14th，"At6A。M。，cannonadebegan；diligentonHolstein’spartandours；butofinconsiderableeffect。Maguirehasbeensummoned:’Will[withsuchagarrison，inspiteofsuchtrepidationsfromtheCourtandothers]defendhimselftothelastman。’Free—Corpspeople[notQuintus’s，whoisontheothersideoftheRiver]，[Tempelhof，v。67。]withregularstorear，advanceonthePirnaGate；hurlinMaguire’sOut—parties；andhadneargotinalongwiththem，——mighthavedoneso，theyandtheirsupports，itisthoughtbysome，hadstormseemedtherecommendablemethod。
"Forfourdaysthereislivelierandliveliercannonading；
newbatteriesgettingopenedintheMoschinskaGardenandotherpoints；onthePrussianpart，greatlongingthattheMagdeburgartillerywerehere。ThePrussiansaremakingdiligentlyreadyforit，inthemeanwhile（refittingtheoldTrenches，’oldEnvelope’
dugbyMaguirehimselfintheAnti—Schmettautime；thesewilldowellenough）:——thePrussiansreinforceHolsteinattheWeisse，Hirsch，throwanewbridgeacrosstohim；andarebusydayandnight。Maguire，too，ismostindustrious，resistingandpreparing:
ThursdayshutsuptheWeistritzBrook（adambeingreadythislongwhileback，needingonlytobeclosed），andlaysthewholeSouthsideofDresdenunderwater。ManyrumorsaboutDaun:coming，notcoming；——mustforcertaincome，butwillpossiblybeslowish。"
FRIDAY18th。"JoytoeveryPrussiansoul:herearetheheavygunsfromMagdeburg。These，atanyrate，arecome；bedsforthemallready；andnowthecannonadingcanbegininrightearnest。Asitdoeswithavengeance。ToMitchell，andperhapsothers，’theKingofPrussiasaysHewillnowbemasteroftheTowninafewdays。
AndthedispositionhehasmadeofhistroopsontheothersideoftheRiverisintendednotonlytoattackDresdenonthatside[anddefendhimselffromDaun]，butalsotopreventtheGarrisonfromretiring……Thismorning，Friday，18th，theSuburbofPirna，theonestreetleftofit，wassetfireto，byMaguire；andburntoutoftheway，astheothershadbeen。Manyofthewretchedinhabitantshadfledtoourcamp:"LetthemlodgeinPlauen，nofightingthere，quietartificialwaterexpansesthereinstead。"
ManythinktheTownwillnotbetaken；orthat，ifitshould，itwillcostverydear，——sodeterminedseemsMaguire。[Mitchell，iii。
170，171。]And，ineffect，fromthisdayonwards，theSiegebecamealtogetherfierce，andnotonlyso，butfieryaswell；and，thoughlastinginthatviolentformonlyfour，orattheveryutmostseven，daysmore，hadnearruinedDresdenfromthefaceoftheworld。"
SATURDAY，19th，"Maguire，touchedtothequickbythesenewartilleriesofthePrussiansthismorning，foundgoodtomountagunortwoontheleadsoftheKreuz—Kirche[ProtestantHighChurch，where，beforenow，wehavenoticedFriedrichattendingquasi—divineservicemorethanonce]；——thatistosay，onthecrownofDresden；fromwhichthereisviewintothebottomofFriedrich’strenchesandoperations。Otherssay，itwasonlytwoorthreeoldSaxoncannon，whichstandthere，forfiringongala—days；andthattheyhardlyfiredonFriedrichmorethanonce。Forcertain，thisisoneofthedesirablestbattery—stations，——ifonlyFriedrichwillleaveitalone。Whichhewillnotforamoment；butbringsterrifichowitzerstobearonit；cannon—balls，grenadoes；tearsittodestruction，andthepoorKreuz—Kirchealongwithit。
Kirchespeedilyallinflames，streetafterstreetblazinguproundit，againandagainforeight—and—fortyhourscoming；
haplessDresden，duringtwodaysandnights，amerevolcanohenceforth。""Bymistakeallthat，andwithoutorderofmine，"saysFriedrichonce；——meaning，Ithink，allthatoftheKreuz—Kirche:
andperhapswishinghecouldmeanthebombardmentaltogether，[Schoning，ii。361"ToPrinceHenri，atGiessen[FrankfurtCountry]，23dJuly，1760。"]——whoneverthelessgot，andgets，mostofthecreditofthethingfromashockedoutsideworld。
"Thismorning，"sameSaturday，19th，"Daunisreportedtohavearrived；vanguardofhimsaidtobeatSchonfeld，overinTHIRSTY—
SWEETHEARTCountryyonderwhichFriedrich，goingtoreconnoitre，findstragicallyindisputable:’There，forcertain；onlyfivemilesfromHolstein’spostattheWHITEHART，andnoRiverbetween；——asthecrowflies，hardlyfivefromourownCamp。Perhapsitwillbesomedaysyetbeforehedoanything？’SothatFriedrichpersistsinhisbombardment，onlythemore:’Byfire—torture，then！LetthebombardedRoyaltiesassailMaguire，andMaguiregivein；——itisouronechanceleft；andsucceedwewillandmust！’Cruel，sayyou？——
Ah，yes，cruelenough，notmercifulatall。ThesoulofFriedrich，Iperceive，isnotinabrightmoodatthistime，butinablackandwrathful，wornalmostdesperateagainsttheslingsandarrowsofunjustFate:’Ahead，Isay！Ifeverybodywilldomiracles，cannotweperhapsstillmanageit，inspiteofFate？’"Mitchellisverysorry；butwillforgetandforgivethoseinexorablepassagesofwar。
"IcannotthinkofthebombardmentofDresdenwithouthorror，"sayshe；"norofmanyotherthingsIhaveseen。Misfortunesnaturallysourmen’stemper[evenroyalmen’s]；andlongcontinued，withoutinterval，atlastextinguishhumanity。""Wearenowinamostcriticalanddangeroussituation，whichcannotlonglast:oneluckyevent，approachingtoamiracle，maystillsaveall:buttheextremecautionandcircumspectionofMarshalDaun——！"[Mitchell，ii。184，185。]
IfDauncouldbeswift，andendthemiseriesofDresden，surelyDresdenwouldbemuchobligedtohim。Itwastendaysyet，afterthatoftheKreuz—Kirche，beforeDresdenquitegotridofitsSiege:Daunneverwasasuddenman。Byakindofaccident，hegotHolsteinhustledacrosstheRiverthatfirstnight（July19th），——
notannihilated，aswasveryfeasible，butpushedhome，outofhisway。WherebytheNorthsideofDresdenisnowopen；andDaunhasfreecommunicationwithMaguire。
Maguirerosethereupontoafinepitchofspirits；triedseveralthings，andwishedDauntotry；butwithnexttonoresult。FortwodaysafterHolstein’sdeparture，Daunsatstill，onhissafeNorthernshore；stirringnothingbuthisowncunctationsandinvestigations，leavingthebombardment，orcannonade，totakeitsowncourse。OneattempthedidmakeinconcertwithMaguire（nightofMonday21st），andoneattemptonly，ofaseriousnature；
which，liketherest，wasunsuccessful。Andwouldnotbeworthmentioning，——exceptforthepoorRegimentBERNBURG’Ssake；
Bernburghavinggotintostrangecaseinconsequenceofit。
"ThisAttempt[nightof21st—22dJuly]wasacombinedsallyandassault——SallybyMaguire’speople，aGeneralNugentheadingthem，fromtheSouthorPlauensideofDresden，andAssaultby4，000ofDaun’sfromtheNorthside——uponFriedrich’sTrenches。Whicharetobeburstinuponinthisdoubleway，andsweptwellclear，asmaybeexpected。Friedrich，however，wasawareofthesymptoms，andhadpeoplereadywaiting，——especially，hadRegimentBERNBURG，Battalions1stand2d；aRegimenthithertowithoutstain。
"Bernburgaccordingly，onGeneralNugent’senteringtheirtrenchesfromthesouthside，fallsaltogetherheartilyonGeneralNugent；
tumbleshimback，takes200prisoners，Nudenthimselfoneofthem[whoisconsideredtohavebeentheeyeoftheenterprise，worthmanyhundredsthisnight]allthisBernburg，initsusuallycreditablemanner，does，asexpectedofit。Butafter，orduringallthis，whentheDannpeoplefromthenorthcomestreamingin，sayfourtoone，bothsouthandnorth，Bernburglookedroundforsupport；andseeingnone，had，aftermoreorlessofstruggle，toretireasadefeatedBernburg，——Austrianstakingthebattery，andrulingsupremethereforsometime。TillWedell，orsomebodywithfreshBattalions，cameup；and，rallyingBernburgtohim，retooktheirBattery，anddroveouttheAustrians，withaheavylossofprisoners。[Tempelhof，iv。79。]
"IdidnothearthatBernburg’sconductwasliabletotheleastfaircensure。ButFriedrich’ssoulissevereatthistime；
demandingmiraclesfromeverybody:’YourunawayBernburg，shameonyou！’——andactuallytakestheswordsfromthem，andcutsofftheirHat—tresses:’There！’WhichexcitedsuchanastonishmentinthePrussianArmyaswasseldomseenbefore。AndaffectedBernburgtothelengthalmostofdespair，andbreakingofheart，——inawaythatisnotridiculoustomeatall，butbeautifulandpathetic。
Ofwhichthereismuchtalk，nowandlongafterwards，inmilitarycircles。’ThesorrowsofthesepoorBernburgers，theirdesperateeffortstowashoutthisstigma，theiractualwashingofitout，notmanyweekshence，andtheirmagnificentjoyontheoccasion，——
thesearetheonedistinguishingpointinDaun’sreliefofDresden，whichwasotherwisequiteacunctatory，sedentarymatter。"
DaunbuiltthreeBridges，——hehadabroadstoneonealready，——butdidlittleornothingwiththem；andneverhimselfcameacrossatall。MerelyshotoutnocturnalPandourParties，andorderedupLacyandtheReichsfolktodothelike，andbreakthenight’srestofhisEnemy。Hemademinatorymovements，oneatleast，downtheRiver，byhisownshore，onFriedrich’sAmmunition—BoatsfromTorgau，andactuallyinterceptedcertainofthem，whichwassomething；but，exceptthis，andvagueflourishingsofthePandourkind，leftFriedrichtohisowncourse。
Friedrichbombardedforadayortwofarther；cannonaded，outofmoreorfewerbatteries，foreight，orIthinktendaysmore。
AttacksfromDaunthereweretobe，nowonthisside，nowonthat；
manyrumorsofattack，but，exceptonceonly（midnightPandoursattemptingtheKing’slodging，"aFarm—housenearGruna，"buttotheirastonishmentrousingthewholePrussianArmy"inthecourseofthreeminutes"[Archenholtz，ii。81（whoisveryvivid，butdoesnotdate）；Rodenbeck，ii。24（quotessimilaraccountbyanotherEye—witness，andguessesittobe"nightofJuly22d—23d"）。]），rumorwasmainlyall。Forguardinghissiege—lines，Friedrichhastoalterhisposition；toshiftslightly，nowfrontingthisway，nowtheotherway；is"calledalwaysatmidnight"（againstthesenocturnaldisturbances），and"neverhashisclothesoff。"
Nevertheless，continueshisbombardment，andthenhiscannonading，tillhisowngoodtime，whichIthinkistillthe26th。
His"ricochet—battery，"whichisgoodagainstMaguire’speople，innocenttoDresden，hecontinuedforthreedaysmore；——whilegatheringhisfurnituresaboutPlauenCountry，makinghisarrangementsatMeissen；——didnotmarchtillthenightofJune29th。Altogethercalmly；noDaunorAustrianmolestinghimintheleast；hisverysentrieswalkingtheirroundsinthetrenchestilldaylight；afterwhichtheyalsomarched，unmolested，Meissen—ward。
UnfortunateFriedrichhasmadenothingofDresden，then。AftersuchaJuneandJulyofit，sincehelefttheMeissenCountry；afteralltheseintricatemanoeuvrings，hotfiercemarchingsandsuperhumanexertions，hereishereturningtoMeissenCountrypoorerthanifhehadstayed。Fouquetlost，Glatzunrelieved——Nay，justbeforemarchingoff，whatisthisnewphenomenon？Isthisbywayof"Happyjourneytoyou！"Towardssunsetofthe29th，exuberantjoy—firingrisesfarandwidefromtheusuallyquietAustrianlines，——"Meaningwhat，oncemore？"MeaningthatGlatzislost，yourMajesty；that，insteadofasiegeofmanyweeks（asmighthavebeenexpectedwithFouquetforCommandant），ithasheldout，underFouquet’sSecond，onlyafewhours；andisgonewithoutremedy！Certain，thoughincredible。ImbecileCommandant，treacherousGarrison（Austriandesertersmainly），withstealthyJesuitsactingonthem:nouseaskingwhat。HereisthesadNarrative，insuccinctform。
CAPTUREOFGLATZ（26thJuly，1760）。
"Loudonisaswiftman，whenhecangetbridle；butthecurb—handofDaunisoftenheavyonhim。LoudonhashadGlatzblockadedsinceJune7th；sinceJune23dhehashadFouquetrootedaway，andthegroundclearforaSiegeofGlatz。Buthadtoabstainaltogether，inthemeantime；totakecampatLandshut，tomarchandmanoeuvreabout，insupportofDaun，andthatheavy—footedgallopofDaun’swhichthenfollowed:onthewhole，itwasnottillFriedrichwentforDresdenthattheSiege—Artillery，fromOlmutz，couldbeorderedforwarduponGlatz；notforafortnightmorethattheArtillerycouldcome；and，inspiteofLoudon’sutmostdespatch，nottillbreakofday，July26th，thatthebatteriescouldopen。
Afterwhich，suchwasLoudon’sspeedandfortune，——andsodiligenthadtheJesuitsbeeninthosesevenweeks，——the’Siege，’astheycallit，wasoverinlessthansevenhours。
"OneColonelD’O[Piedmontesebynation，anincompetentperson，knowntoloudTrenckduringhisdetentionhere]wasCommandantofGlatz，andhadtheprincipalFortress，——fortherearetwo，oneoneachsidetheNeisseRiver；——hisSecondwasaColonelQuadt，bybirthPrussian，seeminglynotverycompetentheeither，whohadcommandoftheOldFortress，roundwhichliestheTownofGlatz:
alittleTown，aboundinginJesuits；——towhoseVirgin，ifreadersremember，Friedrichoncegaveanewgown；withsmalleffectonher，aswouldappear。TheQuadt—D’Ogarrisonwas2，400，——and，iftalesaretrue，ithadbeenwellbejesuitedduringthosesevenweeks。
[OEuvresdeFrederic，v。55。]Atfourinthemorning，July26th）thebatteringbeganonQuadt；Quadt，Iwillbelieve，respondingwhathecould，——especiallyfromacertainArrowheadRedoubt（orFLECHE）hehas，whichoughttohavebeenimportanttohim。Afterfourorfivehoursofthis，therewasmutualpause，——asifbothpartieshaddecideduponbreakfastbeforegoingfarther。
"Quadt’sFortressisverystrong，mostlyhewnintherock；andhehasthatimportantoutworkofaFLECHE；whichisexcellentforenfilading，asitextendswellbeyondtheglacis；and，beingofrockliketherest，isalsoabundantlydefensible。Loudon’speople，lookingoverintothisFLECHE，finditnegligentlyguarded；
Quadtatbreakfast，aswouldseem:——anddirectlysendforHarsch，CaptainoftheSiege，andevenforLoudon，theGeneral—in—Chief。
Negligentlyguarded，sureenough；nothingintheFLECHEbutafewsentries，andtheseinthehorizontalposition，takingtheirunlawfulrestthere，aftersuchamorning’swork。’Seizemethat，’
eagerlyordersLoudon；’holdthatwithfirmgrip！’Whichisdone；
onlytostepinsoftly，twobattalionsofyou，andlayhardhold。
IncompetentQuadt，figureinwhataflurry，rushingouttorecapturehisFLECHE，——explodesinsteadintomereanarchy，wholeCompaniesofhimflingingdowntheirarmsattheirOfficers’feet，andthelike。SothatQuadtistotallydriveninagain，Austriansalongwithhim；andisobligedtobeatchamade；——D’Ofollowingtheexample，aboutanhourafter，withoutevenacapitulation。
Wasthereeverseensuchadefence！MajorUnruh，oneofasmallminority，wasPrussian，andstanch；hereisUnruh’spersonalexperience，——testimonyonD’O’sTrial，Isuppose，——andnowprettymuchtheonethingworthreadingonthissubject。
"MAJORULZRUHTESTIFIES:’Atfourinthemorning，26thJuly，1760，theEnemybegantocannonadetheOldFortress[thatofQuadt]；
andaboutnine，Iwasorderedwith150mentocleartheEnvelopefromAustrians。JustwhenIhadgottotheDamm—Gate，haltwascalled。IaskedtheCommandant，whowasbehindme，whichwayI
shouldmarch；totheCrown—workortotheEnvelope？Beinganswered，TotheEnvelope，IfoundoncomingoutattheField—GatenothingbutanAustrianLieutenant—colonelandsomemen。Hecalledtome，"Therehadbeenchamadebeaten，andIwasnottorunintodestruction（MICHUNGLUCKLICHMACHEN）！"IofferedhimQuarter；
andtookhimineffectprisoner，with20ofhisbestmen；andsenthimtotheCommandant，withrequestthathewouldkeepmyrearfree，orsendmereinforcement。IshottheEnemyagreatmanypeoplehere；chasedhimfromtheField—Gate，andoutofboththeEnvelopeandtheRedoubtcalledtheCrane[thatistheFLECHE
itself，onlythattheAustriansaremostlynotnowthere，butgoneTHROUGHintotheinteriorthere！]——ReturningtotheField—Gate，I
foundthattheCommandanthadbeatenchamadeasecondtime；
thereweremarchingin，bythisField—Gate，twobattalionsoftheAustrianRegimentANDLAU；Ihadtoyieldmyselfprisoner，andwastakentoGeneralLoudon。Heaskedme，"Don’tyouknowtherulesofwar，then；thatyoufireafterchamadeisbeaten？"Iansweredinmyheat，"Iknewofnochamade；whatpoltrooneryorwhattreacheryhadbeengoingon，Iknewnot！"Loudonanswered，"Youmightdeservetohaveyourheadlaidatyourfeet，Sir！AmIheretoinquirewhichofyoushowsbravery，whichpoltroonery？"’[Seyfarth，ii。652。]
AblazingLoudon，whenthefireisup！"——
AfterthePeace，D’OhadCourt—Martial，whichsentencedhimtodeath，Friedrichmakingitperpetualimprisonment:"Perhapsnotatraitor，onlyablockhead！"thoughtFriedrich。HehadbeenrecommendedtohispostbyFouquet。WhatTrenckwritesofhimis，otherwise，mostlylies。
ThusisthesouthernKeyofSilesia（oneofthetwosouthernKeys，Neissebeingtheother）losttoFriedrich，forthefirsttime；
andLoudonisliketodriveatradethere；"Willabsolutelynothingprosperwithus，then？"Nothing，seemingly，yourMajesty！
HeaviernewsFriedrichscarcelyeverhad。Butthereisnohelp。
ThistoohehastocarrywithhimashecanintotheMeissenCountry。Unsuccessfulaltogether；beatenoneveryhand。
Humantalent，diligence，endeavor，isitbutaslightningsmitingtheSerbonianBog？Smitetothelast，yourMajesty，atanyrate；
letthatbecertain。Asitis，andhasbeen。Thatisalwayssomething，thatisalwaysagreatthing。
FriedrichintendsnopauseinthoseMeissenCountries。JULY30th，onhismarchnorthward，hedetachesHulsenwiththeold10，000totakeCampatSchlettauasbefore，anddohisbestfordefenceofSaxonyagainsttheReichsfolk，numerous，butincompetent；
hehimself，nextday，passeson，leavingMeissenalittleonhisright，toSchieritz，somemilesfartherdown，——intendingtheretocrossElbe，andmakeforSilesiawithoutlossofanhour。
Needenoughofspeedthither；moreneedthanevenFriedrichsupposes！Yesterday，July30th，Loudon’sVanguardcameblockadingBreslau，andthisdayLoudonhimself；——thoughFriedrichheardnothing，anticipatednothing，ofthatdangerousfact，foraweekhenceormore。
Soltikof’sandLoudon’sunitedintentionsonSilesiahehaswellknownthislongwhile；andhasbeenperpetuallydunningPrinceHenrionthesubject，tonopurpose，——onlyhopingalwaystherewouldprobablybenogreatrapidityonthepartofthesediscordantAllies。Friedrich’sfeelings，nowthatthecontraryisvisible，andindeedallthroughtheSummerinregardtotheSoltikof—LoudonBusiness，andtheFouquet—Henrimethodofdealingwithit，havebeenpainfulenough，andaregrowingevermoreso。CautiousHenrineverwouldmakethesmallestattackonSoltikof，butmerelykeepobservinghim；——theendofwhich，whatcantheendofitbe？urgesFriedrichalways:"Condenseyourselves；goinupontheRussians，whiletheyareinseparatecorps；"——andisveryill—satisfiedwiththelanguorofproceduresthere。AsisthePrincewithsuchreproaches，orimpliedreproaches，onsaidlanguor。Norishishumorcheered，whentheKing’sbadpredictionsprovetrue。Whathasitcometo？TheseLettersofKingandPrinceareworthreading，——ifindeedyoucan，intheconfusionofSchoning（asomewhatexuberantman，loudratherthanluminous）；——socuriousisthePrivateDialoguegoingonthereatalltimes，inthebackgroundofthestage，betweentheBrothers。Oneshortspecimen，extendingthroughtheJuneandJulyjustover，——specimendistilledfaithfullyoutofthathugejumblingseaofSchaning，andrenderedlegible，——thereaderwillconsentto。
DIALOGUEOFFRIEDRICHANDHENRI
（fromtheirPrivateCorrespondence:June7th—July29th，1760）。
FRIEDRICH（June7th；beforehisfirstcrossingElbe:HenriatSagan；heatSchlettau，scanningthewasteoffatalpossibilities）……Embarrassing？Notadoubt，ofthat！"Iown，thecircumstancesbothofusareinareliketoturnmyhead，threeorfourtimesaday。"LoudonaimingforNeisse，don’tyouthink？Fouquetallinthewrong。——"Onehasnothingforitbuttowatchwherethelikelihoodofthebiggestmisfortuneis，andtorunthitherwithone’swholestrength。"
henri……"IconfessIamingreatapprehensionforColberg:"——
shallonemakethither；thinkyou？Russians，8，000asthefirstinstalmentofthem，haveARRIVED；gottoPosenunderFermor，June1st:——sotheCommandantofGlogauwritesme（seeenclosed）。
FRIEDRICH（June9th）。CommandantofGlogauwritesimpossibilities:
Russiansarenotonmarchyet，norwillbeforaboveaweek。
"IcrossElbe，the15th。Iamcompelledtoundertakesomethingofdecisivenature，andleavetheresttochance。Fordesperatedisordersdesperateremedies。Mybedisnotoneofroses。
Heavenaidus:forhumanprudencefindsitselffallshortinsituationssocruelanddesperateasours。"[Schoning，ii。313
（"MeissenCamp，7thJune，1760"）；ib。ii。317（"9thJune"）。]
HENRI。Hm，hm，ha（Nothingbutcarefullycollectedrumors，andwire—drawnauguriesfromthem，onthepartofHenri；veryintenseinspectionofthechicken—bowels，——hardlyeverwithoutashakeofthehead）。
FRIEDRICH（June26th；hasheardoftheFouquetdisaster）……
"Yesterdaymyheartwastorntopieces[newsofLandshut，Fouquet’sdownfallthere]，andIfelttoosadtobeinastateforwritingyouasensibleLetter；butto—day，whenIhavecometomyselfalittleagain，Iwillsendyoumyreflections。AfterwhathashappenedtoFouquet，itiscertainLoudoncanhavenootherdesignbutonBreslau[hedesignsGlatzfirstofall]:itwillbethegrandpoint，therefore，especiallyiftheRussianstooarebendingthither，tosavethatCapitalofSilesia。SurelytheTurksmustbeinmotion:——ifso，wearesaved；ifnotso，wearelost！To—dayI
havetakenthisCampofDobritz，inordertobemorecollected，andinconditiontofightwell，shouldoccasionrise，——andincaseallthisthatissaidandwrittentomeabouttheTurksisTRUE[whichnothingofitwas]，tobeabletoprofitbyitwhenthetimecomes。"[Schoning，ii。341（"Gross—Dobritz，26thJune，1760"）。]
HENRI（simultaneously，June26th:HenriisforwardfromSagan，throughFrankfurt，andgotsettledatLandsberg，whereheremainsthroughtherestoftheDialogue）……Tottleben，withhisCossacks，scouringabout，gotacheckfromus，——nothinglikeenough。"Byallmyaccounts，Soltikof，withthegrossoftheRussians，ismarchingforPosen。TheotherrumorsandsymptomsagreeinindicatingaseparateCorps，underFermor，whoistojoinTottleben，andbesiegeColberg:ifboththeseCorps，theColbergandthePosenone，act，inconcert，myembarrassmentwillbeextreme……IhavejusthadnewsofwhathasbefallenGeneralFouquet。Beforethisstroke，youraffairsweredesperateenough；
nowIseebuttoowellwhatwehavetolookfor。"[Ib。ii。339
（"Landsberg，26thJune，1760"）。]（Howcomforting！）
FRIEDRICH。"WouldtoGodyourprayersfortheswiftcaptureofDresdenhadbeenheard；butunfortunatelyImusttellyou，thisstrokehasfailedme……Dresdenhasbeenreducedtoashes，thirdpartoftheAltstadtlyingburnt；——contrarytomyintentions:myorderswere，TosparetheCity，andplaytheArtilleryagainsttheworks。MyMinisterGrafvonFinckwillhavetoldyouwhatoccasioneditsbeingsetonfire。"[Schoning，ii。361
（"2d—3dJuly"）。]
HENRI（July26th；DresdenSiegegoneawry）……"IamtokeeptheRussiansfromFrankfurt，tocoverGlogau，andpreventabesiegingofBreslau！Allthatformsanoverwhelmingproblem；——whichI，withmywholeheart，willgiveuptosomebodyablerforitthanIam。"
[Ib。ii。369—371（"Landsherg，26thJuly"）。]
FRIEDRICH（29thJuly；quitstheTrenchesofDresdenthisnight）……"Ihaveseenwithpainthatyourepresenteverythingtoyourselfontheblackside。Ibegyou，inthenameofGod，mydearestBrother，don’ttakethingsupintheirblackestandworstshape:——itisthisthatthrowsyourmindintosuchanindecision，whichissolamentable。Adoptaresolutionrather，whatresolutionyoulike，butstandbyit，andexecuteitwithyourwholestrength。
Iconjureyou，takeafixedresolution；betterabadthannoneatall……Whatispossibletoman，Iwilldo；neithercarenorconsiderationnoreffortshallbespared，tosecuretheresultofmyplans。Therestdependsoncircumstances。Amidsuchanumberofenemies，onecannotalwaysdowhatonewill，butmustletthemprescribe。"[Ib。ii。370—372（"Leubnitz，beforeDresden，29thJuly，1760"）。]
AnuncomfortablelittleGentleman；butfulloffaculty，ifonecanmanagetogetgoodofit！Here，whatmighthaveprecededalltheabove，andbeenprefacetoit，isaprettypassagefromhim；
aglimpsehehashadofSans—Souci，beforesettingoutonthosegloomymarchingsandcunctatoryhagglings。Henriwrites（atTorgau，April26th，justbackfromBerlinandfarewelloffriends）:——
"Imeantomarchthedayafterto—morrow。ItookarrangementswithGeneralFouquet[aboutthatlongfine—spunChainofPosts，wherewearetodosuchservice？]——theBlackHussarscannotbeheretillto—morrow，otherwiseIshouldhavemarchedadaysooner。MyBrother[poorlittleinvalidFerdinand]chargedmetolayhimatyourfeet。
Ifoundhimweakandthin，moresothanformerly。Returninghither，thedaybeforeyesterday，IpassedthroughPotsdam；IwenttoSans—Souci[April24th，1760]:——allisgreenthere；theGardenembellished，andseemedtomeexcellentlykept。Thoughthesedetailscannotoccupyyouatpresent，Ithoughtitwouldgiveyoupleasuretohearofthemforamoment。"[Schoning，ii。233
（"Torgau，26thApril，1760"）。]Ah，yes；allissogreenandblessedlysilentthere:sightofthelostParadise，actuallyIT，visibleforamomentyonder，faraway，whileonegoeswhirlinginthismannerontheillimitablewrackingwinds！——
Herefinally，fromadistantpartoftheWar—Theatre，isanotherNote；whichwewillreadwhileFriedrichisatSchieritz。Atnootherplacesoproperly；theverydateofit，chiefdate（July31st），beingbyaccidentsynchronouswithSchieritz:——
DUKEFERDINAND’SBATTLEOFWARBURG（31stJuly，1760）。
DukeFerdinandhasopenedhisdifficultCampaign；andespecially——
justwhilethatSiegeofDresdenblazedandended——hashadthreesharpFights，whichwerethenveryloudintheGazettes，alongwithit。ThreeoncefamousActions；whichunexpectedlyhadlittleornoresult，andareverymuchforgottennow。Sothatbareenumerationofthemisnearlyallwearepermittedhere。Pitthasfurnished7，000newEnglish，thisCampaign，——therearenow20，000Englishinall，andaDukeFerdinandraisedto70，000men。Surely，undergoodomens，thinksPitt；andstillmorethinktheGazetteers，judgingbyappearances。Yes:butifBrogliohave130，000，whatwillitcometo？Broglioistwotoone；andhas，beforethis，provedhimselfaconsiderableCaptain。
FightFIRSTisthatofKORBACH（July10th）:ofBroglio，namely，whohasgotacrosstheRiverOhminHessen（toFerdinand’sgreatdisgustwiththeGeneralImhofincommandthere），andisstreamingontoseizetheDiemelRiver，andmenaceHanover；ofBroglio，insuccessivesections，atacertain"PassofKorbach，"VERSUStheHereditaryPrince（ERBPRINZofBrunswick），whoiswaitingforhimthereinonegoodsection，——andwhobeautifullyhurlsbackoneandanotheroftheBrogliosections；butcannothurlbackthewholeBroglioArmy，allmarchingbysectionsthatway；andhastoretire，backforemost，fencingsharply，stillinadiligentlyhandsomemanner，thoughwithloss。[Mauvillon，ii。105。]ThatistheBattleofKorbach，foughtJuly10th，——whileLacystreamedthroughDresden，pantingtobeatPlauenChasm，safeatlast。
FightSECOND（July16th）wasakindofrevengeontheErbprinz’spart:AffairofEMSDORF，sixdaysafter，inthesameneighborhood；
beautifultoo，saidtheGazetteers；butofresultstillmoreinsignificant。HearingofaconsiderableFrenchBrigadepostednotfaroff，atthatVillageofEmsdorf，toguardBroglio’smeal—cartsthere，theindignantErbprinzshootsoffforthat；lightoffoot，——Englishhorsemainly，andHillScots（BERG—SCHOTTENsocalled，whohaveafinefreestride，insummerweather）；——dashesinuponsaidBrigade（DragoonsofBauffremontandotherpickedmen），whostoodfirmlyonthedefensive；butwerecutup，inanamazingmanner，rootandbranch，afterafiercestruggle，andasitwerebroughthomeinone’spocket。Totheadmirationofmilitarycircles，——especiallyofmess—roomsandthejuniorsort。"Elliot’slighthorse[partofthenew7，000]，whataregiment！Unparalleledforwillingness，andaudacityoffence；lost125killed，"——infact，thelosschieflyfellonElliot。[Ib。ii。109（Prisonersgot"were2，661，includingGeneralandOfficers179，"withalltheirfurnitureswhatsoever，"400horses，8cannon，"&c。）。]TheBERG—
SCHOTTENtoo，——Ithinkitwasherethatthesekiltedfellows，whohadmarchedwithsuchastride，"camehomemostlyriding:"poorBeauffremontDragoonsbeingentirelycutup，orpocketedasprisoners，andtheirhorsesriddeninthisunexpectedmanner！
Butwemustnotlinger，——hardlyevenonWARBURG，whichwastheTHIRDandgreatest；andhasstillpointsofmemorability，thoughnowsoobliterated。
"Warburg，"saysmyNoteonthislatter，"isapleasantlittleHessianTown，sometwenty—fivemileswestofCassel，standingonthenorthorleftbankoftheDiemel，amongfruitfulknollsandhollows。Thefamous’BATTLEOFWARBURG，’——ifyoutrytoinquireintheTownitself，fromyourbriefrailway—station，itismuchifsomeintelligentinhabitant，atlast，rememberstohaveheardofit！Thethingwentthus:ChevalierduMuy，whoisBroglio’sRear—
guardorReserve，30，000footandhorse，withhisbacktotheDiemel，andeightbridgesacrossitincaseofaccident，hashisrightflankleaningonWarburg，andhisleftonaVillageofOssendorf，sometwomilestonorthwestofthat。Broglio，PrinceXavierofSaxony，especiallyDukeFerdinand，areallvehementlyandmysteriouslymovingabout，sincethatFightofKorbach；
BrogliointenttohaveCasselbesieged，DuMuykeepingtheDiemelforhim；FerdinandeagertohavetheDiemelbackfromDuMuyandhim。
"Twodaysago（July29th），theErbprinzcrossedoverintotheseneighborhoods，withastrongVanguard，nearlyequaltoDuMuy；
and，afterstudiousreconnoitringandsurveyhad，means，thismorning（July31st），toknockhimovertheDiemelagain，ifhecan。
Notimetobelost；Broglionearandinsuchforce。DukeFerdinandtoo，quittingBroglioforamoment，isonmarchthisway；
crossedtheDiemel，aboutmidnight，sometenmilesfartherdown，oreastward；willthencebendsouthward，athisbestspeed，tosupporttheErbprinz，ifnecessary，andbesettheDiemelwhengot；——
Erbprinznot，however，inanywise，towaitforhim；suchthepressurefromBroglioandothers。Amostbusyswift—goingscenethatmorning；——hardlyworthsuchdescribingatthisdateoftime。
"TheErbprinz，whoisstillrathertonortheastward，thatistorightward，notdirectlyfrontward，ofDuMuy’slines；andwhoseplanofattackisstilldarktoDuMuy，commences[about8A。M。，I
shouldguess]bylaunchinghisBritishLegionsocalled，——whichisacompositebody，ofFree—Corpsnature，Britishsomeofit（’ColonelBeckwith’speople，’forexample），notBritishbymuchthemostofit，butanaggregateofwildstrikers，giventoplundertoo:——bylaunchinghisBritishLegionuponWarburgTown，theretotakechargeofDuMuy’srightwing。WhichLegion，’withgreatrapidity，notonlypitchedtheFrenchallout，butcleanplunderedthepoorTown；’andisasadsoreonDuMuy’sright，whocannotgetitattendedto，intheominousaspectselsewherevisible。
FortheErbprinz，whoisastrategiccreature，comeson，inthestyleofFriedrich，notstraighttowardsDuMuy，butsweepsoutintwocolumnsroundnorthward；privatelyintendinguponDuMuy’sleftwingandfront——leftwing，rightwing，（byBritishLegion），andfront，allthree；——andiswellaidedbyamistwhichnowfell，andwhichhungonthehigherground，andcoveredhismarch，foranhourormore。Thismisthadnotbegunwhenhesaw，ontheknoll—tops，faroffontheright，butindisputableasheflatteredhimself，——somethingofFerdinandemerging！Sawthis；andpoursalong，wecansuppose，withstillbetterstepandtemper。Andbursts，prettysimultaneously，uponDuMuy’srightwingandleftwing，coercinghisfrontthewhile；squelchesboththesewingsfuriouslytogether；
forcesthecoercedcentre，mostlyhorse，toplungebackintotheDiemel，andswim。Horsecouldswim；butmanyoftheFoot，whotried，gotdrowned。And，onthewhole，DuMuyisagooddealwrecked[1，600killed，2，000prisoners，nottospeakofcannonandflags]，and，butforhiseightbridges，wouldhavebeentotallyruined。
"Thefightwasuncommonlyfurious，especiallyonDuMuy’sleft；
’Maxwell’sBrigade’goingatit，withthefinestbayonet—practice，musketry，artillery—practice；obstinateasbears。OnDuMuy’sright，theBritishLegion，leftwing，Britishtoobyname，hadamucheasierjob。Butthefightgenerallywasofhotandstubbornkind，forhours，perhapstwoormore；——andsomesay，wouldnothaveendedsotriumphantly，haditnotbeenforDukeFerdinand’sVanguard，LordGranbyandtheEnglishHorse；who，warnedbythenoiseahead，pushedonatthetopoftheirspeed，andgotinbeforethedeath。GranbyandtheBlueshadgoneatthehightrot，forabovefivemiles；and，Idoubtnot，wereinkeenhumorwhentheyrosetothegallopandslashedin。Mauvillonsays，’ItwasinthisattackthatLordGranby，attheheadoftheBlues，hisownregiment，hadhishatblownoff；abigbaldcircleinhisheadrenderingthelossmoreconspicuous。Butheneverminded；stormedstillon，’barebaldheadamongthehelmetsandsabres；’andmadeitveryevidentthathadhe，insteadofSackville，ledatMinden，therehadbeenadifferentstorytotell。TheEnglish，bytheirvalor，’addshe，’greatlydistinguishedthemselvesthisday。
Andaccordinglytheysufferedbyfarthemost；theirlossamountingto590men:’or，asotherscount，——outof1，200killedandwounded，800wereEnglish。"[Mauvillon，ii。114。Orbetter，inallthesethreecases，aselsewhere，Tempelhof’sspecificChapteronFerdinand（Tempelhof，iv。101—122）。Ferdinand’sDespatch（toKingGeorge），inKnesebeck，ii。96—98；——orintheOldNewspapers（Gentleman’sMagazine，xxx。
386，387），wherealsoisLordGranby’sDespatch。]
ThisofGranbyandthebaldheadismainlywhatnowrendersWarburgmemorable。For，inayearortwo，theexcellentReynoldsdidaPortraitofGranby；andbynomeansforgotthisincident；butgiveshimbare—headed，bareandbald；theobliviousBritishconnoisseurnotnowknowingwhy，asperhapsheought。Theportrait，Isuppose，maybeinBelvoirCastle；theartisticWhyofthebaldnessisthisBATTLEOFWARBURG，asabove。AnAffairotherwiseofnomoment。
FerdinandhadsoontoquittheDiemel，ortofindituselessforhim，andtotryothermethods，——fencinggallantly，buttooweakforBroglio；and，onthewhole，hadadifficultCampaignofit，againstthatconsiderableSoldierwithforcessosuperior。
ChapterIII。
BATTLEOFLIEGNITZ。
FriedrichstayedhardlyonedayinNeissenCountry；Silesia，inthejawsofdestruction，requiringsuchspeedfromhim。HisnewSeriesofMarchesthitherward，forthenexttwoweeksespecially，withDaunandLacy，andatlastwithLoudontoo，forescort，arestillmoresingularthantheforegoing；afortnightofSoldierHistorysuchasishardlytobeparalleledelsewhere。Ofhisinwardgloomonehearsnothing。ButtheProblemitselfapproachestothedesperate；needingdailynewinvention，newaudacity，withimminentdestructionoverhangingitthroughout。AMarchdistinguishedinMilitaryAnnals；——butofwhichitisnotforustopretendtreating。MilitaryreaderswillfinditinTEMPELHOF，andthesupplementaryBooksfromtimetotimecitedhere。And，forourownshare，wecanonlysay，thatFriedrich’slaborsstrikeusasabundantlyHerculean；moreAlcides—likethanever，——theratherashopesofanysuccesshavesunklowerthanever。AmodernAlcides，appointedtoconfrontTartarusitself，andbevictoriousovertheThree—headedDog。Daun，Lacy，Loudoncomingonyousimultaneously，open—mouthed，areaconsiderableTartareanDog！SoldiersjudgethattheKing’sresourcesofgeniuswereextremelyconspicuousonthisoccasion；andtoallmenitisinevidencethatseldomintheArenaofthisUniverse，lookedonbytheidlePopulacesandbytheeternalGodsandAntigods（calledDevils），didaSonofAdamfencebetterforhimself，nowandthroughout。
This，hisThirdmarchtoSilesiain1760，isjudgedtobethemostforlornandominousFriedrichevermadethither；realperil，andruintoSilesiaandhim，moreimminentthanevenintheoldLeuthendays。Difficulties，complicaciesverymany，Friedrichcanforesee:
aDaun’sArmyandaLacy’sforescorttous；andsuchaSilesiawhenwedoarrive。Andthereisonecomplicacymorewhichhedoesnotyetknowof；thatofLoudonwaitingaheadtowelcomehim，oncrossingtheFrontier，andincreasehisescortthenceforth！——Orrather，letussay，Friedrich，thankstothedespondentHenriandothers，hasescapedagreatSilesianCalamity；——ofwhichhewillhear，withmixedemotions，onarrivingatBunzlauontheSilesianFrontier，sixdaysaftersettingout。SincethelossofGlatz（July26th），FriedrichhasnonewsofLoudon；supposeshimtobetryingsomethinguponNeisse，tobeadjustingwithhisslowRussians；
and，inshort，tobeoutofthedismalaccount—currentjustatpresent。ThatisnotthefactinregardtoLoudon；thatisfarfromthefact。
LOUDONISTRYINGASTROKE—OF—HANDONBRESLAU，INTHE
GLATZFASHION，INTHEINTERIM（July30th—August3d）。
HardlyabovesixhoursaftertakingGlatz，swiftLoudon，noDaunnowtetheringhim（Daunstanding，orsitting，"inreliefofDresden"faroff），wasonmarchforBreslau——Vanguardofhim"marchedthatsameevening（July26th）:"intheliveliesthopeofcapturingBreslau；especiallyifSoltikof，towhomthisofGlatzoughttobeafinesymbolandpledge，makespeedtoco—operate。
SoltikofisinnoviolententhusiasmaboutGlatz；anxiousratherabouthisownMagazineatPosen，andhowtogetitcartedoutofHenri’sway，incaseofouradvancingtowardssomeSilesianSiege。
"Ifwewerenotruinedlastyear，itwasn’tDaun’sfault！"growlsheoften；andMontalemberthasneedofallhissuasivevirtues（whicharewonderfultolookat，ifanybodycaredtolookatthem，allflungintotheseainthismanner）forkeepingthebarbarousmaninanyapproachtoharmony。Thebarbarousmanhad，afterhaggleenough，adjustedhimselfforbesiegingGlogau；andissurlytohear，onthesudden（orderfromPetersburgreinforcingLoudon），thatitisBreslauinstead。"Excellenz，itisnotCunctatorDaunthistime，itisfieryLoudon。""Well，Breslau，then！"answersSoltikofatlast，aftermuchsuasion。Andmarchesthither；
[Tempelhof，iv。87—89（"RosefromPosen，July26th"）。]fasterthanusual，quickenedbynewtemporaryhopes，ofMontalembert’sraisingorone’sown:"Whataplace—of—arms，andplaceofvictual，wouldBreslaubeforus，afterall！"
Andreallymendshispace，mendsitevermore，asmattersgrowstringent；andadvancesuponBreslauathisswiftest:
"TorendezvouswithLoudonunderthewallsthere，——withinthewallsverysoon，andourselveschiefproprietor！"——asmaybehoped。
Breslauhasagarrisonof4，000，only1，000ofthemstanch；
andthereare，amongotherbaditems，9，000AustrianPrisonersinit。AbigCitywithweakwalls:anotherplacetodefendthanrock—
hewnlittleGlatz，——iftherebenobetterthanaD’OforCommandantinit！Butperhapsthereis。
"WEDNESDAY，30thJULY，Loudon’sVanguardarrivedatBreslau；
nextdayLoudonhimself；——andbesiegedBreslauveryviolently，accordingtohismeans，tilltheSundayfollowing。Troopshehasplenty，40，000odd，whichhegivesoutfor50oreven60，000；
nottospeakofSoltikof，’with75，000’（read45，000），stridingoninafierceanddreadfulmannertomeethimhere。’BettersurrendertoChristianAustrians，hadnotyou？’Loudon’sArtilleryisnotcomeup，itisonlystrugglingonfromGlatz；SoltikofofhisownhasnoSiege—Artillery；andLoudonjudgesthatheavy—footedSoltikof，waitedonbyanalertPrinceHenri，isaproblematicquantityinthisenterprise。’Speedyoneself；speedyandfiery！’
thinksLoudon:’byviolenceofspeed，ofbullyingandbombardment，perhapswecanstilldoit！’AndLoudontriedallthesethingstoahighstretch；butfoundinTauentzienthewrongman。
"THURSDAY，3lst，Loudon，whohastwobridgesoverOder，andtheTownbegirtallround，summonsTauentzieninanawfulsoundingtone:’Consider，Sir:nodefencepossible；atradingTown，yououghtnottoattemptdefenceofit:surrenderonfairterms，orI
shall，whichGodforbid，beobligedtoburnyouanditfromthefaceoftheworld！’’Pooh，pooh，’answersTauentzien，inbriefpoliteterms；’youyourselveshadnodoubtitwasaGarrison，whenwebesiegedyouhere，ontheheelofLeuthen；hadyou？Goto！’——
FieryLoudoncannottrystorm，theTownhavingOderandawetditchroundit。Hegetshisbombardingbatteriesforward，astheonechancehehas，aidedbybullying。Andto—morrow，"FRIDAY，AUGUST1st，sends，halfofficially，halfinthefriendlyway，dreadfulmessagesagain:awarningtotheMayorofBreslau（whichwasnotsignedbyLoudon），’Deathanddestruction，Sir，unless’——！——warningtotheMayor；and，bythesameprivatehalf—
officialmessenger，anewsummonstoTauentzien:’Bombardmentinfallible；universalmassacrebyCroats；Iwillnotsparethechildinitsmother’swomb。’’Iamnotwithchild，’saidTauentzien，’noraremysoldiers！Whatistheuseofsuchtalk？’
Andabout10thatnight，Loudondoesaccordinglybreakoutintoallthefireofbombardmentheismasterof。KindlestheTowninvariousplaces，whichwerequenchedagainbyTauentzien’sarrangements；kindlesespeciallytheKing’sfineDwelling—house（Palacetheycallit），andadjacentstreets，notquenchabletillPalaceandtheyaremuchruined。Willthismakenoimpression？
Fartoolittle。
"NextmorningLoudonsendsaprivatemessengerofconciliatorytone:’AnytermsyourExcellencylikestoname。Onlysparemethegeneralmassacre，andchildinthemother’swomb！’FromallwhichTauentzieninfersthatyouareprobablyshortofammunition；
andthathisoutlooksareimproving。ThatdayhegetsgunsbroughttobearonGeneralLoudon’sownquarter；blazesintoLoudon’ssitting—room，sothatLoudonhastoshiftelse—whither。
Nobombardmentensuesthatnight；nornextdayanythingbutdesultorycannonading，andmuchnoiseandmotion；——andatnight，SUNDAY，3d，everythingfallsquiet，and，tothegladamazementofeverybody，Loudonhasvanished。"[Tempelhof，iv。90—100；
Archenholtz，ii。89—94；HOFBERICHTVONDERBELAGERUNGVONBRESLAU
IMAUGUST1760（inSeyfarth，Beylagen，
ii。688—698）；alsoinHelden—Geschichte，
vi。299—309:inAnonymousofHamburg
（iv。115—124），thatis，intheOLDNEWSPAPERS，extremelyparticularaccount，How"notonlythefinestHorseinBreslau，andthefinestHouse[King’sPalace]，butthehandsomestMan，and，alas，alsotheprettiestGirl[poorJungferMuller，shatteredbyabomb—shellonthestreets]，weredestroyedinthisshortSiege，"——world—famousforthemoment。Preuss，ii。246。]
Loudonhadnoothershiftleft。ThisSundayhisRussiansarestillfivedaysdistant；alertHenri，onthecontrary，is，inasense，cometohand。CrossedtheKatzbachRiverthisday，theVanguardofhimdid，atParchwitz；andfelluponourBakery；whichhashadtotaketheroad。"GuardtheBakery，allhandsthere，"ordersLoudon；
"offtoStriegauandtheHillswithit；"——andishimselfgonethitherafterit，leavingBreslau，HenriandtheRussianstowhatfatemaybeinstoreforthem。Henrihasagainmadeoneofhiswingedmarches，thedeftcreature，thoughthedespondent；"marchof90milesinthreedays[inthelastthree，fromGlogau，90；inthewhole，fromLandsberg，above200]，andhassavedtheState，"saysRetzow。"Madenocamping，merelybivouacked；haltingforarestfourorfivehourshereandthere；"[Retzow，ii。230（veryvague）；
inTempelhof（iv。89，90，95—97）clearandspecificaccount。]andonAugust5thisatLissa（thissidetheFieldofLeuthen）；
makingBreslauoneofthegladdestofcities。
SothatSoltikof，onarriving（villageofHundsfeld，August8th），bytheothersideoftheRiver，findsHenri’sadvancedguardsintrenchedoverthere，inOldOder；noRussianabletogetwithinfivemilesofBreslau，——norabletodomorethancannonadeinthedistance，andaskwithindignation，"Wherearethesiege—guns，then；whereisGeneralLoudon？InsteadofBreslaucapturable，andasureMagazineforus，hereisHenri，andnothingbutsteeltoeat！"
AndtheSoltikofrisenintoRussianrages，andtheMontalembertsunkindifficulties:readerscanimaginethese。
IndignantSoltikof，deaftosuasion，withthisdangerousHenriinattendance，isgraduallyedgingback；alwaysratherback，withaneyetohisprovisions，andtocertainbogsandwoodsheknowsof。
ButwewillleavetheSoltikof—Henriendoftheline，fortheoppositeend，whichismoreinteresting。——ToFriedrich，tillhegottoSilesiaitself，theseeventsaretotallyunknown。HiscunctatoryHenri，bythiswingedmarch，whenthemomentcame，whataservicehashedone！——
Tauentzien’sbehavior，also，hasbeensuperlativeatBreslau；
andwasneverforgottenbytheKing。Averybraveman，testifiesLessingofhim；truetothedeath:"Hadtherecomebutthree，torallywiththeKingunderabushoftheforest，Tauentzienwouldhavebeenone。"Tauentzienwasontherampartsonce，inthisBreslaupinch，givingorders；abombburstbesidehim，didnotinjurehim。"Markthatplace，"saidTauentzien；andclapthishatonit，continuinghisorders，tillamorepermanentmarkwereput。
Inthatspot，asintendedthroughthenextthirtyyears，henowliesburied。[Militair—Lexikon，iv。72—75；
Lessing’sWerke；&c。&c。]
FRIEDRICHONMARCH，FORTHETHIRDTIME，TORESCUESILESIA
（August1st—15th）。
AUGUST1st，FriedrichcrossedtheElbeatZehren，intheSchieritzvicinity，asnearMeissenashecould；butithadtobesomesixmilesfartherdown，suchtheliabilitiestoAustriandisturbance。
Allareacrossthatmorningby5o’clock（beganat2）；whencewedoublebackeastward，andcampthatnightatDallwitz，——arequietlyasleepthere，whileLoudon’sbombardmentburstsoutonBreslau，faraway！AtDallwitzwerestnextday，waitforourBakeriesandBaggages；andSUNDAY，AUGUST3d，at2inthemorning，setforthontheforlornestadventureintheworld。
ThearrangementsoftheMarch，foreseenandsettledbeforehandtothelastitem，areofaperfectionbeyondpraise；——asisstillvisibleintheGeneralOrder，orsummaryofdirectionsgivenout；
which，tothisday，onereadswithakindofsatisfactionlikethatderivablefromtheForty—seventhofEuclid:cleartothemeanestcapacity，notawordwantinginit，notawordsuperfluous，solidasgeometry。"TheArmymarchesalwaysinThreeColumns，leftColumnforemost:ourFirstLineofBattle[incasewehavefighting]isthisforemostColumn；SecondLineistheSecondColumn；ReserveistheThird。AllGenerals’chaises，money—wagons，andregimentalSurgeons’wagonsremainwiththeirrespectiveBattalions；asdotheHeavyBatterieswiththeBrigadestowhichtheybelong。Whenthemarchisthroughwoodycountry，theCavalryregimentsgoinbetweentheBattalions[tobereadyagainstPandouroperationsandaccidents]。
"WiththeFirstColumn，theZiethenHussarsandFree—BattalionCourbierehavealwaysthevanguard；MohringHussarsandFree—
BattalionQuintus[speedtoyou，learnedfriend！]therear—guard。
WiththeSecondColumnalwaystheDragoonregimentsNormannandKrockowhavethevanguard；RegimentCzetteritz[Dragoons，poorCzetteritzhimself，withhislostMANUSCRIPT，iscaptivesinceFebruarylast]，therear—guard。WiththeThirdColumnalwaystheDragoonregimentHolsteinashead，andthedittoFinkensteintoclosetheColumn。——Duringeverymarch，however，therearetobeoftheSecondColumn2BattalionsjoinedwithColumnThird；sothattheThirdColumnconsistsof10Battalions，theSecondof6，whileonmarch。
"AheadofeachColumngothreePontoonWagons；anddailyare50
work—peopleallowedthem，whoareimmediatelytolayBridge，whereitisnecessary。Therear—guardofeachColumntakesuptheseBridgesagain；bringsthemon，andreturnsthemtotheheadoftheColumn，whentheArmyhasgottocamp。IntheSecondColumnaretobe500wagons，andalsointheThird500，sosharedthateachbattaliongetsanequalnumber。Thebattalions——"[InTEMPELHOF
（iv。125，126）theentirePiece。]……Thismayserveasspecimen。
TheMarchproceededthroughtheoldCountry；alittletoleftofthetrackinJunepast:RoderWater，PulsnitzWater；
Kamenzneighborhood，Bautzenneighborhood，——BunzlauonSilesianground。Daun，atBischofswerda，hadforeseenthisMarch；and，byhisLightpeople，hadspoiledtheRoadallhecould；brokenalltheBridges，HALF—felledtheWoods（torenderthemimpassable）。
Daun，theinstantheheardoftheactualMarch，rosefromBischofswerda:forward，forwardalways，tobeaheadofit，howeverrapid；Lacy，hangingontherearofit，willingtogivetroublewithhisPandourharpies，butstudiousaboveallthatitshouldnotwhirlroundanywhereandgetuponhis，Lacy’s，ownthroat。Oneofthestrangestmarcheseverseen。"Anon—looker，whohadobservedthemarchofthesedifferentArmies，"saysFriedrich，"wouldhavethoughtthattheyallbelongedtooneleader。FeldmarschallDaun’shewouldhavetakenfortheVanguard，theKing’sforthemainArmy，andGeneralLacy’sfortheRear—guard。"[OEuvresdeFrederic，v。56。]Tempelhofsays:"ItisgivenonlytoaFriedrichtomarchonthoseterms；betweenTwohostileArmies，hisequalsinstrength，andaThird[Loudon’s，inStriegauCountry]
waitingahead。"
TheMarchpassedwithoutaccidentofmoment；hadnot，fromLacyorDaun，anyaccidentwhatever。Onthesecondday，anAide—de—CampofDaun’swaspickedup，withLettersfromLacy（backofthecardsvisibletoFriedrich）。Once，——itisthethirddayoftheMarch（August6th，villageofRothwassertobequarterforthenight），——
oncomingtowardNeisseRiver，somecarelessOfficer，trustingtopeasants，insteadofexaminingforhimselfandbuildingabridge，drovehisArtillery—wagonsintotheso—calledfordofNeisse；
whichnearlyswallowedtheforemostoftheminquicksands。
Nearly，butnotcompletely；andcausedalossoffiveorsixhourstothatSecondColumn。SothatdarknesscameonColumnSecondinthewoodyintricacies；andseveralhundredsofthedeserterkindtooktheopportunityofdisappearingaltogether。Anunlucky，evidentlytoolanguidOfficer；thoughFriedrichdidnotannihilatethepoorfellow，perhapsdidnotrebukehimatall，butmerelymarkeditinelucidationofhisqualitiesfortimecoming。"
ThismiserablevillageofRothwasser"（head—quartersafterthedangerousfordingofNeisse），saysMitchell，"standsinthemiddleofawood，almostaswildandimpenetrableasthoseinNorthAmerica。Therewashardlygroundenoughclearedaboutitfortheencampmentofthetroops。"[Mitchell，ii。190；Tempelhof，iv。131。]
THURSDAY，AUGUST7th，Friedrich——traversingthewholeCountry，butmoredirect，byKonigsbruckandKamenzthistime——isatBunzlaualtogether。"BunzlauontheBober；"theSILESIANBunzlau，nottheBohemianoranyoftheothers。Itissome30mileswestofLiegnitz，whichagainliessome40northwestofSchweidnitzandtheStrongPlaces。Friedrichhasnowdone100milesofexcellentmarching；andhehasstillagoodspellmoretodo，——dragging"2，000heavywagons"withhim，andacrosssuchimpedimentswithinandwithout。Readersthatcaretostudyhim，especiallyforthenextfewdays，willfinditworththeirwhile。
Tempelhofgives，asusual，amostclearAccount，minutetoadegree；which，supplementedbyMitchellandaReimannMap，enablesusasitweretoaccompany，andtowitnesswithoureyes。
HithertoaMarchtoilsomeintheextreme，inspiteofeverythingdonetohelpit；startingat3orat2inthemorning；restingtobreakfastinsomeshadyplace，whilethesunishigh，frugallycookingundertheshadywoods，——"BURSCHENABZUKOCHENhere，"astheOrderpleasantlybears。Allencampednow，atBunzlauinSilesia，onThursdayevening，withaveryeminentweek’sworkbehindthem。
"Inthelastfivedays，above100milesofroad，andsuchroad；
fiveconsiderableriversinit"——Bober，Queiss，Neisse，Spree，Elbe；andwithsuchawagon—trainof2，000teams。[Tempelhof，iv。
123—150。]
Properthatwerestadayhere；inviewofthestillswiftermarchingsandsuddendashingsabout，whichlieahead。Itwillbebyextremelynimbleuseofallthelimbswehave，——handsaswellasfeet，——ifanygoodistocomeofusnow！FriedrichisawarethatDaunalreadyholdsStriegau"asanoutpost[Loudonthereabouts，unknowntoFriedrich]，theseseveraldays；"andthatDaunpersonallyisatSchmottseifen，inourownoldCampthere，twentyorthirtymilestosouthofus，andhashisLacytoleftwardofhim，partlyeventorearward:ratherinadvanceofUS，bothofthem，——ifwewereforLandshut；whichwearenot。"Beswiftenough，maynotwecutthroughtoJauer，andgetaheadofDaun？"countsFriedrich:"ToJauer，southeastofus，fromBunzlauhere，is40
miles；andtoJaueritisabove30eastforDaun:possibletobetherebeforeDaun！Jauerours，thencetotheHeightsofStriegauandHohenfriedbergCountry，withinwindofSchweidnitz，ofBreslau:
magazines，unionwithPrinceHenri，allsecurethereby？"SoreckonsthesanguineFriedrich；unawarethatLoudon，withhiscorpsof35，000，hasbeensummonedhitherward；whichwillmakeimportantdifferences！Loudon，BeckwithasmallerSatelliteCorps，boththese，unknowntoFriedrich，liereadyontheeastofhim:
Loudon’sArmyontheeast；Daun’s，Lacy’sonthesouthandwest；
threebigArmies，withtheirSatellites，gatheringinuponthisKing:hereisaThree—headedDog，intheTartarusofaworldhenowhas！OnthefourthsideofhimisOder，andtheRussians，whoarealsoperhapsbuildingBridges，bywayofasupplementaryorfourthhead。
AUGUST9th（BUNZLAUTOGOLDBERG），Friedrich，withhisThreeColumnsandperfectarrangements，makesalongmarch:fromBunzlauat3inthemorning；andat5afternoonarrivesinsightoftheKatzbachValley，withthelittleTownofGoldbergsomemilestoright。
KatzbachRiverishere；andJauer，forto—morrow，stillfifteenmilesahead。Butonreconnoitringhere，allislockedandbolted:
LacystrongontheHillsofGoldberg；DaunvisibleacrosstheKatzbach；Daun，andbehindhimLoudon，inexpugnablyposted:
Jaueranimpossibility！Wehavebreadonlyforeightdays；
ourMagazinesareatSchweidnitzandBreslau:whatistobedone？
Getthrough，onewayorother，weneedsmust！Friedrichencampsforthenight；expectinganattack。Ifnotattacked，hewillmakeforLiegnitzleftward；crosstheKatzbachthere，orfartherdownatParchwitz:——Parchwitz，Neumarkt，LEUTHEN，wehavebeeninthatcountrybeforenow:——Courage！
AUGUST10th—11th（TOLIEGNITZANDBACK）。At5A。M。，Sunday，August10th，Friedrich，nothingofattackhavingcome，gotonmarchagain:
downhisownleftbankoftheKatzbach，straightforLiegnitz；