WithrespecttotheageatwhichtheseveralparallelridgescomposingtheCordillerawereupthrown，Ihavelittleevidence。Manyofthemmayhavebeencontemporaneouslyelevatedandinjectedinthesamemannerasinvolcanicarchipelagoeslavasarecontemporaneouslyejectedontheparallellinesoffissure。“VolcanicIslands“etc。Butthepebblesapparentlyderivedfromthewearandtearoftheporphyriticconglomerateformation，whichareoccasionallypresentintheupperpartsofthissameformation，andareoftenpresentinthegypseousformation，togetherwiththepebblesfromthebasalpartsofthelatterformationinitsupperstrata，renderitalmostcertainthatportions，wemayinferridges，ofthesetwoformationsweresuccessivelyupheaved。InthecaseofthegiganticPortillorange，wemayfeelalmostcertainthatapreexistinggraniticlinewasupraisednotbyasingleblow，asshownbythehighlyinclinedbasalticstreamsinthevalleyonitseasternflankataperiodlongsubsequenttotheupheavementoftheparallelPeuquenesrange。Ihaveendeavouredtoshowinmy“Journal“2ndeditionpage321，thatthesingularfactoftheriver，whichdrainsthevalleybetweenthesetworanges，passingthroughthePortilloandhigherline，isexplainedbyitsslowandsubsequentelevation。Therearemanyanalogouscasesinthedrainageofrivers：see“EdinburghNewPhilosophicalJournal“volume28pages33and44。Again，subsequentlytotheupheavementoftheCumbrechain，thatofUspallatawasformedandelevated;andafterwards，Imayadd，intheplainofUspallata，bedsofsandandgravelwereviolentlyupthrown。Themannerinwhichthevariouskindsofporphyriesandandesiteshavebeeninjectedoneintotheother，andinwhichtheinfinitelynumerousdikesofvariouscompositionintersecteachother，plainlyshowthatthestratifiedcrusthasbeenstretchedandyieldedmanytimesoverthesamepoints。WithrespecttotheageoftheaxesofelevationbetweenthePacificandtheCordillera，Iknowlittle：
buttherearesomelineswhichmust——namely，thoserunningnorthandsouthinChiloe，thoseeightornineeastandwest，parallel，far-extended，mostsymmetricaluniclinallinesatP。Rumena，andtheshortN。W-S。E。andN。E-
S。W。linesatConcepcion——havebeenupheavedlongaftertheformationoftheCordillera。Evenduringtheearthquakeof1835，whenthelinearnorthandsouthisletofSt。Marywasupliftedseveralfeetabovethesurroundingarea，weperhapsseeonefeeblestepintheformationofasubordinatemountain-axis。Insomecases，moreover，forinstance，nearthebathsofCauquenes，Iwasforciblystruckwiththesmallsizeofthebreachescutthroughtheexteriormountain-ranges，comparedwiththesizeofthesamevalleyshigherupwhereenteringtheCordillera;andthiscircumstanceappearedtomescarcelyexplicable，exceptontheideaoftheexteriorlineshavingbeensubsequentlyupthrown，andthereforehavingbeenexposedtoalessamountofdenudation。FromthemannerinwhichthefringesofgravelareprolongedinunbrokenslopesupthevalleysoftheCordillera，I
inferthatmostofthegreaterdislocationstookplaceduringtheearlierpartsofthegreatelevationinmass：Ihave，however，elsewheregivenacase，andM。deTschudihasgivenanother，ofaridgethrownupinPeruacrossthebedofariver，andconsequentlyafterthefinalelevationofthecountryabovethelevelofthesea。“ReiseinPeru“Band2s。8：
Author’s“Journal“2ndeditionpage359。
Ascendingtotheoldertertiaryformations，IwillnotagainrecapitulatetheremarksalreadygivenattheendoftheFifthChapter，——ontheirgreatextent，especiallyalongtheshoresoftheAtlantic——ontheirantiquity，perhapscorrespondingwiththatoftheeocenedepositsofEurope，——onthealmostentiredissimilarity，thoughtheformationsareapparentlycontemporaneous，ofthefossilsfromtheeasternandwesterncoasts，asislikewisethecase，eveninastillmoremarkeddegree，withtheshellsnowlivingintheseoppositethoughapproximateseas，——ontheclimateofthisperiodnothavingbeenmoretropicalthanwhatmighthavebeenexpectedfromthelatitudesoftheplacesunderwhichthedepositsoccur;acircumstancerenderedwellworthyofnotice，fromthecontrastwithwhatisknowntohavebeenthecaseduringtheoldertertiaryperiodsofEurope，andlikewisefromthefactofthesouthernhemispherehavingsufferedatamuchlaterperiod，apparentlyatthesametimewiththenorthernhemisphere，acolderormoreequabletemperature，asshownbythezonesformerlyaffectedbyice-action。NorwillIrecapitulatetheproofsofthebottomofthesea，bothontheeasternandwesterncoast，havingsubsidedsevenoreighthundredfeetduringthistertiaryperiod;themovementhavingapparentlybeenco-extensive，ornearlyco-extensive，withthedepositsofthisage。NorwillIagaingivethefactsandreasoningonwhichthepropositionwasfounded，thatwhenthebedoftheseaiseitherstationaryorrising，circumstancesarefarlessfavourablethanwhenitslevelissinking，totheaccumulationofconchiferousdepositsofsufficientthickness，extension，andhardnesstoresist，whenupheaved，theordinaryvastamountofdenudation。WehaveseenthatthehighlyremarkablefactoftheabsenceofanyEXTENSIVEformationscontainingrecentshells，eitherontheeasternorwesterncoastsofthecontinent，——thoughthesecoastsnowaboundwithlivingmollusca，——thoughtheyare，andapparentlyhavealwaysbeen，asfavourableforthedepositionofsedimentastheywerewhenthetertiaryformationswerecopiouslydeposited，——andthoughtheyhavebeenupheavedtoanamountquitesufficienttobringupstratafromthedepthsthemostfertileforanimallife——canbeexplainedinaccordancewiththeaboveproposition。Asadeduction，itwasalsoattemptedtobeshown，first，thatthewantofclosesequenceinthefossilsofsuccessiveformations，andofsuccessivestagesinthesameformation，wouldfollowfromtheimprobabilityofthesameareacontinuingslowlytosubsidefromonewholeperiodtoanother，orevenduringasingleentireperiod;andsecondly，thatcertainepochshavingbeenfavourableatdistantpoints，inthesamequarteroftheworldforthesynchronousaccumulationoffossiliferousstrata，wouldfollowfrommovementsofsubsidencehavingapparently，likethoseofelevation，contemporaneouslyaffectedverylargeareas。
Thereisanotherpointwhichdeservessomenotice，namely，theanalogybetweentheupperpartsofthePatagoniantertiaryformation，aswellasoftheupperpossiblycontemporaneousbedsatChiloeandConcepcion，withthegreatgypseousformationofCordillera;forinbothformations，therocks，intheirfusiblenature，intheircontaininggypsum，andinmanyothercharacters，showaconnection，eitherintimateorremote，withvolcanicaction;andasthestratainbothwereaccumulatedduringsubsidence，itappearsatfirstnaturaltoconnectthissinkingmovementwithastateofhighactivityintheneighbouringvolcanoes。Duringthecretaceo-ooliticperiodthiscertainlyappearstohavebeenthecaseatthePuentedelInca，judgingfromthenumberofintercalatedlava-streamsinthelower3，000
feetofstrata;butgenerally，thevolcanicorificesseematthistimetohaveexistedassubmarinesolfataras，andwerecertainlyquiescentcomparedwiththeirstateduringtheaccumulationoftheporphyriticconglomerateformation。DuringthedepositionofthetertiarystrataweknowthatatS。
Cruz，delugesofbasalticlavawerepouredforth;butastheselieintheupperpartoftheseries，itispossiblethatthesubsidencemayatthattimehaveceased：atChiloe，Iwasunabletoascertaintowhatpartoftheseriesthepileoflavasbelonged。TheUspallatatuffsandgreatstreamsofsubmarinelavas，wereprobablyintermediateinagebetweenthecretaceo-
ooliticandoldertertiaryformations，andweknowfromtheburiedtreesthattherewasagreatsubsidenceduringtheiraccumulation;buteveninthiscase，thesubsidencemaynothavebeenstrictlycontemporaneouswiththegreatvolcaniceruptions，forwemustbelieveinatleastoneintercalatedperiodofelevation，duringwhichthegroundwasupraisedonwhichthenowburiedtreesgrew。Ihavebeenledtomaketheseremarks，andtothrowsomedoubtonthestrictcontemporaneousnessofhighvolcanicactivityandmovementsofsubsidence，fromtheconvictionimpressedonmymindbythestudyofcoralformations，thatthesetwoactionsdonotgenerallygoonsynchronously;——onthecontrary，thatinvolcanicdistricts，subsidenceceasesassoonastheorificesburstforthintorenewedaction，andonlyrecommenceswhentheyagainhavebecomedormant。
“TheStructureandDistributionofCoralReefs。”
Atalaterperiod，thePampeanmud，ofestuaryorigin，wasdepositedoverawidearea，——inonedistrictconformablyontheunderlyingoldtertiarystrata，andinanotherdistrictunconformablyonthem，aftertheirupheavalanddenudation。Duringandbeforetheaccumulation，however，oftheseoldtertiarystrata，and，therefore，ataveryremoteperiod，sediment，strikinglyresemblingthatofthePampas，wasdeposited;showingduringhowlongatimeinthiscasethesameagencieswereatworkinthesamearea。
ThedepositionofthePampeanestuarymudwasaccompanied，atleastinthesouthernpartsofthePampas，byanelevatorymovement，sothattheM。
HermosobedsprobablywereaccumulatedaftertheupheavalofthoseroundtheS。Ventana;andthoseatP。AltaaftertheupheavaloftheM。Hermosostrata;butthereissomereasontosuspectthatoneperiodofsubsidenceintervened，duringwhichmudwasdepositedoverthecoarsesandoftheBarrancasdeS。Gregorio，andonthehigherpartsofBandaOriental。Themammiferousanimalscharacteristicofthisformation，manyofwhichdifferasmuchfromthepresentinhabitantsofSouthAmerica，asdotheeocenemammalsofEuropefromthepresentonesofthatquarteroftheglobe，certainlyco-existedatB。Blancawithtwentyspeciesofmollusca，onebalanus，andtwocorals，allnowlivingintheadjoiningsea：thisislikewisethecaseinPatagoniawiththeMacrauchenia，whichco-existedwitheightshells，stillthecommonestkindsonthatcoast。IwillnotrepeatwhatIhaveelsewheresaid，ontheplaceofhabitation，food，widerange，andextinctionofthenumerousgiganticmammifers，whichatthislateperiodinhabitedthetwoAmericas。
ThenatureandgroupingoftheshellsembeddedintheoldtertiaryformationsofPatagoniaandChileshowus，thatthecontinentatthatperiodmusthavestoodonlyafewfathomsbelowitspresentlevel，andthatafterwardsitsubsidedoverawidearea，sevenoreighthundredfeet。Themannerinwhichithassincebeenrebroughtuptoitsactuallevel，wasdescribedindetailintheFirstandSecondChapters。ItwasthereshownthatrecentshellsarefoundontheshoresoftheAtlantic，fromTierradelFuegonorthwardforaspaceofatleast1，180nauticalmiles，andattheheightofabout100feetinLaPlata，andof400feetinPatagonia。Theelevatorymovementsonthissideofthecontinenthavebeenslow;andthecoastofPatagonia，uptotheheightinonepartof950feetandinanotherof1，200feet，ismodelledintoeightgreat，step-like，gravel-cappedplains，extendingforhundredsofmileswiththesameheights;thisfactshowsthattheperiodsofdenudationwhich，judgingfromtheamountofmatterremoved，musthavebeenlongcontinuedandofelevationweresynchronousoversurprisinglygreatlengthsofcoasts。OntheshoresofthePacific，upraisedshellsofrecentspecies，generally，thoughnotalways，inthesameproportionalnumbersasintheadjoiningsea，haveactuallybeenfoundoveranorthandsouthspaceof2，075miles，andthereisreasontobelievethattheyoccuroveraspaceof2，480miles。Theelevationonthiswesternsideofthecontinenthasnotbeenequable;atValparaiso，withintheperiodduringwhichupraisedshellshaveremainedundecayedonthesurface，ithasbeen1，300feet，whilstatCoquimbo，200milesnorthward，ithasbeenwithinthissameperiodonly252feet。AtLima，thelandhasbeenupliftedatleast80feetsinceIndianmaninhabitedthatdistrict;butthelevelwithinhistoricaltimesapparentlyhassubsided。AtCoquimbo，inaheightof364feet，theelevationhasbeeninterruptedbyfiveperiodsofcomparativerest。Atseveralplacesthelandhasbeenlately，orstillis，risingbothinsensiblyandbysuddenstartsofafewfeetduringearthquake-shocks;thisshowsthatthesetwokindsofupwardmovementareintimatelyconnectedtogether。Foraspaceof775miles，upraisedrecentshellsarefoundonthetwooppositesidesofthecontinent;andinthesouthernhalfofthisspace，itmaybesafelyinferredfromtheslopeofthelanduptotheCordillera，andfromtheshellsfoundinthecentralpartofTierradelFuego，andhighuptheRiverSantaCruz，thattheentirebreadthofthecontinenthasbeenuplifted。
>Fromthegeneraloccurrenceonbothcoastsofsuccessivelinesofescarpments，ofsand-dunesandmarksoferosion，wemustconcludethattheelevatorymovementhasbeennormallyinterruptedbyperiods，whenthelandeitherwasstationary，orwhenitroseatsoslowarateasnottoresisttheaveragedenudingpowerofthewaves，orwhenitsubsided。Inthecaseofthepresenthighsea-cliffsofPatagoniaandinotheranalogousinstances，wehaveseenthatthedifficultyinunderstandinghowstratacanberemovedatthosedepthsunderthesea，atwhichthecurrentsandoscillationsofthewateraredepositingasmoothsurfaceofmud，sand，andsiftedpebbles，leadstothesuspicionthattheformationordenudationofsuchcliffshasbeenaccompaniedbyasinkingmovement。
InSouthAmerica，everythinghastakenplaceonagrandscale，andallgeologicalphenomenaarestillinactiveoperation。Weknowhowviolentatthepresentdaytheearthquakesare，wehaveseenhowgreatanareaisnowrising，andtheplainsoftertiaryoriginareofvastdimensions;analmoststraightlinecanbedrawnfromTierradelFuegofor1，600milesnorthward，andprobablyforamuchgreaterdistance，whichshallintersectnoformationolderthanthePatagoniandeposits;soequablehasbeentheupheavalofthebeds，thatthroughoutthislongline，notafaultinthestratificationorabruptdislocationwasanywhereobservable。Lookingtothebasal，metamorphic，andplutonicrocksofthecontinent，theareasformedofthemarelikewisevast;andtheirplanesofcleavageandfoliationstrikeoversurprisinglygreatspacesinuniformdirections。TheCordillera，withitspinnacleshereandthererisingupwardsoftwentythousandfeetabovethelevelofthesea，rangesinanunbrokenlinefromTierradelFuego，apparentlytotheArcticcircle。Thisgrandrangehassufferedboththemostviolentdislocations，andslow，thoughgrand，upwardanddownwardmovementsinmass;Iknownotwhetherthespectacleofitsimmensevalleys，withmountain-massesofonceliquifiedandintrusiverocksnowbaredandintersected，orwhethertheviewofthoseplains，composedofshingleandsedimenthencederived，whichstretchtothebordersoftheAtlanticOcean，isbestadaptedtoexciteourastonishmentattheamountofwearandtearwhichthesemountainshaveundergone。
TheCordillerafromTierradelFuegotoMexico，ispenetratedbyvolcanicorifices，andthosenowinactionareconnectedingreattrains。Theintimaterelationbetweentheirrecenteruptionsandtheslowelevationofthecontinentinmass，appearstomehighlyimportant，fornoexplanationoftheonephenomenoncanbeconsideredassatisfactorywhichisnotapplicabletotheother。OntheConnectionofcertainVolcanicPhenomenainSouthAmerica：“GeologicalTransactions“volume5page609。Thepermanenceofthevolcanicactiononthischainofmountainsis，also，astrikingfact;first，wehavethedelugesofsubmarinelavasalternatingwiththeporphyriticconglomeratestrata，thenoccasionallyfeldspathicstreamsandabundantmineralexhalationsduringthegypseousorcretaceo-
ooliticperiod：thentheeruptionsoftheUspallatarange，andatanancientbutunknownperiod，whentheseacameuptotheeasternfootoftheCordillera，streamsofbasalticlavaatthefootofthePortillorange;
thentheoldtertiaryeruptions;andlastly，therearehereandthereamongstthemountains，muchwornandapparentlyveryancientvolcanicformationswithoutanycraters;thereare，also，cratersquiteextinct，andothersintheconditionofsolfataras，andothersoccasionallyorhabituallyinfierceaction。HenceitwouldappearthattheCordillerahasbeen，probablywithsomequiescentperiods，asourceofvolcanicmatterfromanepochanteriortoourcretaceo-ooliticformationtothepresentday;andnowtheearthquakes，dailyrecurrentonsomepartofthewesterncoast，givelittlehopethatthesubterraneanenergyisexpended。
Recurringtotheevidencebywhichitwasshownthatsomeatleastoftheparallelridges，whichtogethercomposetheCordillera，weresuccessivelyandslowlyupthrownatwidelydifferentperiods;andthatthewholerangecertainlyonce，andalmostcertainlytwice，subsidedsomethousandfeet，andbeingthenbroughtupbyaslowmovementinmass，again，duringtheoldtertiaryformations，subsidedseveralhundredfeet，andagainwasbroughtuptoitspresentlevelbyaslowandofteninterruptedmovement;weseehowopposedisthiscomplicatedhistoryofchangesslowlyeffected，totheviewsofthosegeologistswhobelievethatthisgreatmountain-chainwasformedinlatetimesbyasingleblow。Ihaveendeavouredelsewheretoshow，thattheexcessivelydisturbedconditionofthestrataintheCordillera，sofarfromindicatingsingleperiodsofextremeviolence，presentsinsuperabledifficulties，exceptontheadmissionthatthemassesofonceliquifiedrocksoftheaxeswererepeatedlyinjectedwithintervalssufficientlylongfortheirsuccessivecoolingandconsolidation。
“GeologicalTransactions“volume5page626。Finally，ifwelooktotheanalogiesdrawnfromthechangesnowinprogressintheearth’scrust，whethertothemannerinwhichvolcanicmatteriserupted，ortothemannerinwhichthelandishistoricallyknowntohaverisenandsunk：oragain，ifwelooktothevastamountofdenudationwhicheverypartoftheCordillerahasobviouslysuffered，thechangesthroughwhichithasbeenbroughtintoitspresentcondition，willappearneithertohavebeentooslowlyeffected，nortohavebeentoocomplicated。
NOTE。
As，bothinFranceandEngland，translationsofapassageinProfessorEhrenberg’sMemoir，oftenreferredtointheFourthChapterofthisvolume，haveappeared，implyingthatProfessorEhrenbergbelieves，fromthecharacteroftheinfusoria，thatthePampeanformationwasdepositedbyasea-debaclerushingovertheland，Imaystate，ontheauthorityofalettertome，thatthesetranslationsareincorrect。Thefollowingisthepassageinquestion：——
“DurchBeachtungdermikroscopischenFormenhatsichnunfeststellenlassen，dasdieMastodonten-LageramLaPlataunddieKnochen-LageramMonteHermoso，whowiediederRiesen-GurtelthiereindenDunenhugelnbeiBahiaBlanca，beidesinPatagonien，unverandertebrakischeSusswasserbildungensind，dieeinstwohlsammtlichzumoberstenFluthgebiethedesMeeresimtieferenFestlandegehorten。”——“Monatsberichtenderkonigl。Akad。etc。”zuBerlinvomApril1845。
INDEX。
Abich，onanewvarietyoffeldspar。
Abrolhosislands。
AbsenceofrecentformationsontheS。Americancoasts。
AguerrosonelevationofImperial。
Albite，constituentmineralinandesite——
inrocksofTierradelFuego——
inporphyries——
crystalsof，withorthite。
Alison，Mr。onelevationofValparaiso。
Alumina，sulphateof。
AmmonitesfromConcepcion。
Amolanas，Las。
Amygdaloid，curiousvarietiesof。
AmygdaloidsoftheUspallatarange——
ofCopiapo。
AndesiteofChile——
inthevalleyofMaypu——
oftheCumbrepass——
oftheUspallatarange——
ofLosHornos——
ofCopiapo。
Anhydrite，concretionsof。
Araucaria，silicifiedwoodof。
Arica，elevationof。
Arqueros，minesof。
Ascension，gypsumdepositedon——
laminatedvolcanicrocksof。
Augiteinfragments，ingneiss——
withalbite，inlava。
Austin，Mr。R。A。C。onbentcleavagelamina。
Austin，Captain，onsea-bottom。
Australia，foliatedrocksof。
Azaralabiata，bedsof，atSanPedro。
Baculitesvagina。
BahiaBlanca，elevationof——
formationsnear——
characteroflivingshellsof。
BahiaBrazil，elevationnear——
crystallinerocksof。
Ballard，M。ontheprecipitationofsulphateofsoda。
BandaOriental，tertiaryformationsof——
crystallinerocksof。
Barnaclesabovesea-level——
adheringtoupraisedshells。
BasaltofS。Cruz——
streamsof，inthePortillorange——
intheUspallatarange。
BasinchainsofChile。
BeagleChannel。
Beaumont，Eliede，oninclinationoflava-streams——
onviscidquartz-rocks。
Beech-tree，leavesoffossil。
Beechey，Captain，onsea-bottom。
Belcher，Lieutenant，onelevatedshellsfromConcepcion。
BellaVista，plainof。
Benza，Dr。ondecomposedgranite。
Bettington，Mr。onquadrupedstransportedbyrivers。
Blake，Mr。onthedecayofelevatedshellsnearIquique——
onnitrateofsoda。
Bole。
Bollaert，Mr。onminesofIquique。
Bones，silicified——
fossil，freshconditionof。
BottomofseaoffPatagonia。
Bougainville，onelevationoftheFalklandislands。
BoulderformationofS。Cruz——
ofFalklandislands——
anteriortocertainextinctquadrupeds——
ofTierradelFuego。
BouldersintheCordillera——
transportedbyearthquake-waves——
infine-grainedtertiarydeposits。
Brande，Mr。onamineralspring。
Bravais，M。onelevationofScandinavia。
Brazil，elevationof——
crystallinerocksof。
Broderip，Mr。onelevatedshellsfromConcepcion。
Brown，Mr。R。onsilicifiedwoodofUspallatarange。
Brown，onsilicifiedwood。
Bucalema，elevatedshellsnear。
Buch，Von，oncleavage——
oncretaceousfossilsoftheCordillera——
onthesulphureousvolcanoesofJava。
BuenosAyres。
Burchell，Mr。onelevatedshellsofBrazil。
Byron，onelevatedshells。
Cachapual，bouldersinvalleyof。
Caldcleugh，Mr。onelevationofCoquimbo——
onrocksofthePortillorange。
Callao，elevationnear——
oldtownof。
CapeofGoodHope，metamorphicrocksof。
Carchariasmegalodon。
Carpenter，Dr。onmicroscopicorganisms。
CastroChiloe，bedsnear。
CauquenesBaths，bouldersnear——
pebblesinporphyrynear——
volcanicformationnear——
stratificationnear。
Cavesabovesea-level。
Cervuspumilus，fossil-hornsof。
Chevalier，M。onelevationnearLima。
Chile，structureofcountrybetweentheCordilleraandthePacific——
tertiaryformationsof——
crystallinerocksin——
central，geologyof——
northern，geologyof。
Chiloe，graveloncoast——
elevationof——
tertiaryformationof——
crystallinerocksof。
Chlorite-schist，nearM。Video。
Chonosarchipelago，tertiaryformationsof——
crystallinerocksof。
Chupat，Rio，scoriaetransportedby。
Claro，Rio，fossiliferousbedsof。
Clay-shaleofLosHornos。
Clay-slate，formationof，TierradelFuego——
ofConcepcion——
feldspathic，ofChile——
oftheUspallatarange——
blacksiliceous，bandof，inporphyriticformationsofChile。
Claystoneporphyry，formationof，inChile——
originof——
eruptivesourcesof。
Cleavage，definitionof——
atBahia——
RiodeJaneiro——
Maldonado——
MonteVideo——
S。Guitru-gueyu——
FalklandI——
TierradelFuego——
ChonosI——
Chiloe——
Concepcion——
Chile——
discussionon。
Cleavage-laminaesuperficiallybent。
Cliffs，formationof。
Climate，latechangesin——
ofChileduringtertiaryperiod。
CoalofConcepcion——
S。Lorenzo。
Coast-denudationofSt。Helena。
Cobija，elevationof。
Colombia，cretaceousformationof。
ColoniadelSacramiento，elevationof——
PampeanformationnearColorado，Rio，gravelof——
sand-dunesof——
Pampeanformationnear。
Combarbala。
Concepcion，elevationof——
depositsof——
crystallinerocksof。
Conchalee，gravel-terracesof。
Concretionsofgypsum，atIquique——
insandstoneatS。Cruz——
intufaceoustuffofChiloe——
ingneiss——
inclaystone-porphyryatPortDesire——
ingneissatValparaiso——
inmetamorphicrocks——
ofanhydrite——
relationsof，toveins。
ConglomerateclaystoneofChile——
ofTenuyan——
oftheCumbrePass——
ofRioClaro——
ofCopiapo。
Cook，Captain，onformofsea-bottom。
Copiapo，elevationof——
tertiaryformationsof——
secondaryformationsof。
Copper，sulphateof——
native，atArqueros——
minesof，atPanuncillo——
veins，distributionof。
Coquimbo，elevationandterracesof——
tertiaryformationsof——
secondaryformationsof。
Corallineslivingonpebbles。
Cordillera，valleysborderedbygravelfringes——
basalstrataof——
fossilsof——
elevationof——
gypseousformationsof——
claystone-porphyriesof——
andesiticrocksof——
volcanoesof。
Coste，M。onelevationofLemus。
Coyinlet，tertiaryformationof。
CrassatellaLyellii。
Cruickshanks，Mr。onelevationnearLima。
Crystalsoffeldspar，gradualformationof，atPortDesire。
Cumbre，Passof，inCordillera。
Cuming，Mr。onhabitsoftheMesodesma——
onrangeoflivingshellsonwestcoast。
Dana，Mr。onfoliatedrocks——
onamygdaloids。
Darwin，Mount。
D’Aubuisson，onconcretions——
onfoliatedrocks。
Decay，gradual，ofupraisedshells。
Decompositionofgraniterocks。
DelaBeche，SirH。histheoreticalresearchesingeology——
ontheactionofsaltoncalcareousrocks——
onbentcleavage-laminae。
DenudationoncoastofPatagonia——
greatpowersof——
ofthePortillorange。
Deposits，saline。
Despoblado，valleyof。
Detritus，natureof，inCordillera。
Devonshire，bentcleavagein。
Dikes，ingneissofBrazil——
nearRiodeJaneiro——
pseudo，atPortDesire——
inTierradelFuego——
inChonosarchipelago，containingquartz——
nearConcepcion，withquartz——
granitic-porphyritic，atValparaiso——
rarelyvesicularinCordillera——
absentinthecentralridgesofthePortillopass——
ofthePortillorange，withgrainsofquartz——
intersectingeachotheroften——
numerousatCopiapo。
Domeyko，M。onthesilverminesofCoquimbo。
onthefossilsofCoquimbo。
D’Orbigny，M。A。onupraisedshellsofMonteVideo——
onelevatedshellsatSt。Pedro——
onelevatedshellsnearB。Ayres——
onelevationofS。Blas——
onthesuddenelevationofLaPlata——
onelevatedshellsnearCobija——
onelevatedshellsnearArica——
ontheclimateofPeru——
onsaltdepositsofCobija——
oncrystalsofgypsuminsalt-lakes——
onabsenceofgypsuminthePampeanformation——
onfossilremainsfromBahiaBlanca——
onfossilremainsfromthebanksoftheParana——
onthegeologyofSt。Fe——
ontheageofPampeanformation——
ontheMastodonAndium——
onthegeologyoftheRioNegro——
onthecharacterofthePatagonianfossils——
onfossilsfromConcepcion——
fromCoquimbo——
fromPayta——
onfossiltertiaryshellsofChile——
oncretaceousfossilsofTierradelFuego——
fromtheCordilleraofChile。
Earth，marineoriginof。
Earthenware，fossil。
Earthquake，effectof，atS。Maria——
elevationduring，atLemus——
of1822，atValparaiso——
effectsof，inshatteringsurface——
fissuresmadeby——
probableeffectsoncleavage。
EarthquakesinPampas。
Earthquake-waves，powerof，inthrowingupshells——
effectsof，nearLima——
powerof，intransportingboulders。
Edmonston，Mr。ondepthsatwhichshellsliveatValparaiso。
Ehrenberg，Professor，oninfusoriainthePampeanformation——
oninfusoriainthePatagonianformation。
ElevationofLaPlata——
Brazil——
BahiaBlanca——
SanBlas——
Patagonia——
TierradelFuego——
Falklandislands——
Pampas——
Chonosarchipelago——
Chiloe——
Chile——
Valparaiso——
Coquimbo——
Guasco——
Iquique——
Cobija——
Lima——
sudden，atS。Maria——
atLemus——
insensible，atChiloe——
atValparaiso——
atCoquimbo——
axesof，atChiloe——
atP。Rumena——
atConcepcion——
unfavourablefortheaccumulationofpermanentdeposits——
linesof，paralleltocleavageandfoliation——
linesof，obliquetofoliation——
areasof，causinglinesofelevationandcleavage——
linesof，intheCordillera——
slow，inthePortillorange——
twoperiodsof，inCordilleraofCentralChile——
oftheUspallatarange——
twoperiodsof，inCumbrePass——
horizontal，intheCordilleraofCopiapo——
axesof，coincidentwithvolcanicorifices——
oftheCordillera，summaryon。
Elliott，Captain，onhumanremains。
Ensenada，elevatedshellsof。
EntreRios，geologyof。
Equuscurvidens。
EpidoteinTierradelFuego——
ingneiss——
frequentinChile——
intheUspallatarange——
inporphyryofCoquimbo。
Erman，M。onandesite。
Escarpments，recent，ofPatagonia。
Extinctionoffossilmammifers。
Falklandislands，elevationof——
pebblesoncoast——
geologyof。
Falkner，onsalineincrustations。
Faults，great，inCordillera。
Feldspar，earthy，metamorphosisof，atPortDesire——
albitic——
crystalsof，withalbite——
orthitic，inconglomerateofTenuyan——
ingraniteofPortillorange——
inporphyriesintheCumbrePass。
Feuilleeonsea-levelatCoquimbo。
Fissures，relationsof，toconcretions——
upfilled，atPortDesire——
inclay-slate。
Fitton，Dr。onthegeologyofTierradelFuego。
Fitzroy，Captain，ontheelevationoftheFalklandislands——
ontheelevationofConcepcion。
Foliation，definitionof——
ofrocksatBahia——
RiodeJaneiro——
Maldonado——
MonteVideo——
S。Guitru-gueyu——
FalklandI——
TierradelFuego——
Chonosarchipelago——
Chiloe——
Concepcion——
Chile——
discussionon。
Forbes，ProfessorE。oncretaceousfossilsofConcepcion——
oncretaceousfossilsandsubsidenceinCumbrePass——
onfossilsfromGuasco——
fromCoquimbo——
fromCopiapo——
ondepthsatwhichshellslive。
Formation，Pampean——
areaof——
estuaryorigin——
tertiaryofEntreRios——
ofBandaOriental——
volcanic，inBandaOriental——
ofPatagonia——
summaryon——
tertiaryofTierradelFuego——
oftheChonosarchipelago——
ofChiloe——
ofChile——
ofConcepcion——
ofNavidad——
ofCoquimbo——
ofPeru——
subsidenceduring——
volcanic，ofTresMontes——
ofChiloe——
old，nearMaldonado——
withlaminarstructure——
ancient，inTierradelFuego——
recent，absentonS。Americancoast——
metamorphic，ofclaystone-porphyryofPatagonia——
foliationof——
plutonic，withlaminarstructure——
palaeozoic，oftheFalklandI——
claystone，atConcepcion——
Jurassic，ofCordillera——
Neocomian，ofthePortilloPass——
volcanic，ofCumbrePass——
gypseous，ofLosHornos——
ofCoquimbo——
ofGuasco——
ofCopiapo——
ofIquique——
cretaceo-oolitic，ofCoquimbo——
ofGuasco——
ofCopiapo——
ofIquique。
Fossils，Neocomian，ofPortilloPass——
ofCumbrePass——
secondary，ofCoquimbo——
ofGuasco——
ofCopiapo——
ofIquique——
palaeozoic，fromtheFalklands。
Fragmentsofhornblende-rockingneiss——
ofgneissingneiss。
Freyer，Lieutenant，onelevatedshellsofArica。
Frezieronsea-levelatCoquimbo。
Galapagosarchipelago，pseudo-dikesof。
Gallegos，Port，tertiaryformationof。
Garnetsingneiss——
inmica-slate——
atPanuncillo。
Gardichaud，M。ongranitesofBrazil。
Gay，M。onelevatedshells——
onbouldersintheCordillera——
onfossilsfromCordilleraofCoquimbo。
Gill，Mr。onbrickworktransportedbyanearthquake-wave。
Gillies，Dr。onheightsintheCordillera——
onextensionofthePortillorange。
GlenRoy，parallelroadsof——
slopingterracesof。
Gneiss，nearBahia——
ofRiodeJaneiro——
decompositionof。
Gold，distributionof。
Gorodona，formationsnear。
Granite，axisofoblique，tofoliation——
andesitic——
ofPortillorange——
veinsof，quartzose——
pebbleof，inporphyriticconglomerate——
conglomerate。
GrauwackeofUspallatarange。
Gravelatbottomofsea——
formationof，inPatagonia——
meansoftransportationof——
strataof，inclined。
Gravel-terracesinCordillera。
Greenough，Mr。onquartzveins。
Greenstone，resultingfrommetamorphosehornblende-rock——
ofTierradelFuego——
onthesummitoftheCampanaofQuillota——
porphyry——
relationof，toclay-slate。
Gryphaeaorientalis。
Guasco，elevationof——
secondaryformationof。
Guitru-gueyu，Sierra。
Guyana，gneissicrocksof。
Gypsum，nodulesof，ingravelatRioNegro——
depositedfromsea-water——
depositsof，atIquique——
crystalsof，insaltlakes——
inPampeanformation——
intertiaryformationofPatagonia——
greatformationof，inthePortilloPass——
intheCumbrePass——
nearLosHornos——
atCoquimbo——
atCopiapo——
nearIquique——
ofSanLorenzo。
Hall，Captain，onterracesatCoquimbo。
Hamilton，Mr。onelevationnearTacna。
Harlan，Dr。onhumanremains。
Hayes，Mr。A。onnitrateofsoda。
Henslow，Professor，onconcretions。
Herbert，Captain，onvalleysintheHimalaya。
HerraduraBay，elevatedshellsof——
tertiaryformationsof。
Himalaya，valleysin。
HippuritesChilensis。
Hitchcock，Professor，ondikes。
Honestones，pseudo，ofCoquimbo——
ofCopiapo。
Hooker，Dr。J。D。onfossilbeech-leaves。
Hopkins，Mr。onaxesofelevationobliquetofoliation——
onoriginoflinesofelevation。
Hornblende-rock，fragmentsof，ingneiss。
Hornblende-schist，nearM。Video。
Hornos，Los，sectionnear。
Hornstone，dikeof。
Horse，fossiltoothof。
Huafoisland——
subsidenceat。
Huantajaya，minesof。
Humboldt，onsalineincrustations——
onfoliationsofgneiss——
onconcretionsingneiss。
Icebergs，actiononcleavage。
Illapel，sectionnear。
Imperial，bedsofshellsnear。
Incrustations，saline。
InfusoriainPampeanformation——
inPatagonianformation。
Iodine，saltsof。
Iquique，elevationof——
saliferousdepositsof——
cretaceo-ooliticformationof。
Iron，oxideof，inlavas——
insedimentarybeds——
tendencyin，toproducehollowconcretions——
sulphateof。
Isabelle，M。onvolcanicrocksofBandaOriental。
Jointsinclay-slate。
Jukes，Mr。oncleavageinNewfoundland。
Kamtschatka，andesiteof。
Kane，Dr。ontheproductionofcarbonateofsoda。
KingGeorge’ssound，calcareousbedsof。
Lakes，originof——
fresh-water，nearsaltlakes。
Lava，basaltic，ofS。Cruz——
claystone-porphyry，atChiloe——
ancientsubmarine——
basaltic，ofthePortillorange——
feldspathic，oftheCumbrePass——
submarine，oftheUspallatarange——
basaltic，oftheUspallatarange——
submarine，ofCoquimbo——
ofCopiapo。
Lemusisland。
Lemuyislet。
LigniteofChiloe——
ofConcepcion。
Lima，elevationof。
Lime，muriateof。
LimestoneofCumbrePass——
ofCoquimbo——
ofCopiapo。
LundandClausenonremainsofcavesinBrazil。
Lund，M。ongranitesofBrazil。
Lyell，M。onupraisedshellsretainingtheircolours——
onterracesatCoquimbo——
onelevationnearLima——
onfossilhorse’stooth——
ontheboulder-formationbeinganteriortotheextinctionofNorthAmericanmammifers——
onquadrupedswasheddownbyfloods——
onageofAmericanfossilmammifers——
onchangesofclimate——
ondenudation——
onfoliation。
MacCulloch，Dr。onconcretions——
onbedsofmarble。
Maclaren，Mr。letterto，oncoral-formations。
MacraucheniaPatachonica。
Madeira，subsidenceof。
Magellan，Strait，elevationnear，of。
Magnesia，sulphateof，inveins。
Malcolmson，Dr。ontreescarriedouttosea。
Maldonado，elevationof——
Pampeanformationof——
crystallinerocksof。
Mammalia，fossil，ofBahiaBlanca——
nearSt。Fe——
ofBandaOriental——
ofSt。Julian——
atPortGallegos——
washeddownbyfloods——
numberofremainsof，andrangeof，inPampas。
Man，skeletonsofBrazil——
remainsof，nearLima——
Indian，antiquityof。
Marble，bedsof。
Maricongo，ravineof。
Marsden，onelevationofSumatra。
MastodonAndium，remainsof——
rangeof。
Maypu，Rio，mouthof，withupraisedshells——
gravelfringesof——
debouchementfromtheCordillera。
Megalonyx，rangeof。
Megatherium，rangeof。
Miers，Mr。onelevatedshells——
ontheheightoftheUspallataplain。
Minas，Las。
MochaIsland，elevationof——
tertiaryformof——
subsidenceat。
Molina，onagreatflood。
MonteHermoso，elevationof——
fossilsof。
MonteVideo，elevationof——
Pampeanformationof——
crystallinerocksof。
MorrisandSharpe，Messrs。onthepalaeozoicfossilsoftheFalklands。
Mud，Pampean——
longdepositedonthesamearea。
Murchison，SirR。oncleavage——
onwavestransportinggravel——
onoriginofsaltformations——
ontherelationsofmetalliferousveinsandintrusiverocks——
ontheabsenceofgraniteintheUral。
Nautilusd’Orbignyanus。
Navidad，tertiaryformationsof，subsidenceof。
Negro，Rio，pumiceofpebblesof——
gravelof——
saltlakesof——
tertiarystrataof。
NorthAmerica，fossilremainsof。
NorthWales，slopingterracesabsentin——
bentcleavageof。
NeuvoGulf，plainsof——
tertiaryformationof。
Owen，Professor，onfossilmammiferousremains。
Palmer，Mr。ontransportationofgravel。
Pampas，elevationof——
earthquakesof——
formationof——
localitiesinwhichfossilmammifershavebeenfound。
Panuncillo，minesof。
Parana，Rio，onsalineincrustations——
Pampeanformationsnear——
ontheS。Tandil。
Parish，SirW。onelevatedshellsnearBuenosAyres——
onearthquakesinthePampas——
onfresh-waternearsaltlakes——
onoriginofPampeanformation。
Patagonia，elevationandplainsof——
denudationof——
gravel-formationof——
sea-cliffsof——
subsidenceduringtertiaryperiod——
crystallinerocksof。
Payta，tertiaryformationsof。
Pebblesofpumice——
decreaseinsizeonthecoastofPatagonia——
meansoftransportation——
encrustedwithlivingcorallines——
distributionof，attheeasternfootofCordillera——
dispersalof，inthePampas——
zonedwithcolour。
Pentland，Mr。onheightsintheCordillera——
onfossilsoftheCordillera。
Pernambuco。
Peru，tertiaryformationsof。
Peuquenes，Passof，intheCordillera——
ridgeof。
Pholas，elevatedshellsof。
PitchstoneofChiloe——
ofPortDesire——
nearCauquenes——
layersof，intheUspallatarange——
ofLosHornos——
ofCoquimbo。
PlainsofPatagonia——
ofChiloe——
ofChile——
ofUspallata——
oneasternfootofCordillera——
ofIquique。
Plata，La，elevationof——
tertiaryformationof——
crystallinerocksof。
Playfair，Professor，onthetransportationofgravel。
Pluclaro，axisof。
Pondicherry，fossilsof。
PorcelainrocksofPortDesire——
oftheUspallatarange。
Porphyry，pebblesof，strewedoverPatagonia。
Porphyry，claystone，ofChiloe，——ofPatagonia——
ofChile——
greenstone，ofChile——
doublycolumnar——
claystone，rare，ontheeasternsideofthePortilloPass——
brick-redandorthitic，ofCumbrePass——
intrusive，repeatedlyinjected——
claystoneoftheUspallatarange——
ofCopiapo——
eruptivesourcesof。
PortDesire，elevationandplainsof——
tertiaryformationof——
porphyriesof。
PortilloPassintheCordillera。
Portillochain——
comparedwiththatoftheUspallata。
Prefilorsea-wallofValparaiso。
PuentedelInca，sectionof。
Pumice，pebblesof——
conglomerateofR。Negro——
hillsof，intheCordillera。
PuntaAlta，elevationof——
bedsof。
Quartz-rockoftheS。Ventana——
C。Blanco——
Falklandislands——
Portillorange——
viscidityof——
veinsof，nearMonteVideo——
indikeofgreenstone——
grainsof，inmicaslate——
indikes——
veinsof，relationstocleavage。
Quillota，Campanaof。
Quintero，elevationof。
Quiriquina，elevationof——
depositsof。
Rancagua，plainof。
Rapel，R。elevationnear。
Reeks，Mr。T。hisanalysisofdecomposedshells——
hisanalysisofsalts。
Remains，human。
RiodeJaneiro，elevationnear——
crystallinerocksof。
Rivers，smallpoweroftransportingpebbles——
smallpowerof，informingvalleys——
drainageof，intheCordillera。
Roads，parallel，ofGlenRoy。
Rocks，volcanic，ofBandaOriental——
TresMontes——
Chiloe——
TierradelFuego——
withlaminarstructure。
Rodents，fossil，remainsof。
Rogers，Professor，addresstoAssociationofAmericanGeologists。
Rose，ProfessorG。onsulphateofironatCopiapo。
S。Blas，elevationof。
S。Cruz，elevationandplainsof——
valleyof——
natureofgravelinvalleyof——
boulderformationof——
tertiaryformationof——
subsidenceat。
S。FeBajada，formationsof。
S。George’sbay，plainsof。
S。Helenaisland，sea-cliffs，andsubsidenceof。
S。Josef，elevationof——
tertiaryformationof。
S。Juan，elevationnear。
S。Julian，elevationandplainsof——
saltlakeof——
earthydepositwithmammiferousremains——
tertiaryformationsof——
subsidenceat。
S。Lorenzo，elevationof——
oldsaltformationof。
S。Mary，islandof，elevationof。
S。Pedro，elevationof。
Salado，R。elevatedshellsof——
Pampeanformationof。
Salines。
Salt，withupraisedshell——
lakesof——
purityof，insaltlakes——
deliquescent，necessaryforthepreservationofmeat——
ancientformationof，atIquique——
atS。Lorenzo——
strataof，originof。
Salts，superficialdepositsof。
Sand-dunesoftheUruguay——
ofthePampas——
nearBahiaBlanca——
oftheColorado——
ofS。Cruz——
ofArica。
Sarmiento，Mount。
Schmidtmeyeronauriferousdetritus。
Schomburghk，SirR。onsea-bottom——
ontherocksofGuyana。
Scotland，slopingterracesof。
Sea，natureofbottomof，offPatagonia——
powerof，informingvalleys。
Seacliffs，formationof。
Seale，Mr。modelofSt。Helena。
SebastianBay，tertiaryformationof。
Sedgwick，Professor，oncleavage。
SerpentineofCopiapo。
Serpulae，onupraisedrocks。
Shale-rock，ofthePortilloPass——
ofCopiapo。
Shells，upraisedstateof，inPatagonia——
elevated，toosmallforhumanfood——
transportedfarinland，forfood——
upraised，proportionalnumbersvarying——
gradualdecayof——
absentonhighplainsofChile——
nearBahiaBlanca——
preservedinconcretions——
livingandfossilrangeof，onwestcoast——
living，differentontheeastandwestcoast。
ShingleofPatagonia。
Siau，M。onsea-bottom。
SilverminesofArqueros——
ofChanuncillo——
ofIquique——
distributionof。
Slip，great，atS。Cruz。
Smith，Mr。ofJordanHill，onupraisedshellsretainingtheircolours——
onMadeira——
onelevatedseaweed——
oninclinedgravelbeds。
Soda，nitrateof——
sulphateof，nearBahiaBlanca——
carbonateof。
SoundingsoffPatagonia——
inTierradelFuego。
Spirifers。
SpixandMartiusonBrazil。
Sprengelontheproductionofcarbonateofsoda。
Springs，mineral，intheCumbrePass。
Stratificationofsandstoneinmetamorphicrocks——
ofclay-slateinTierradelFuego——
oftheCordilleraofCentralChile——
littledisturbedinCumbrePass——
disturbanceof，nearCopiapo。
StreamsoflavaatS。Cruz，inclinationof——
inthePortillorange。
Stringofcottonwithfossil-shells。
Struthiolariaornata。
Studer，M。onmetamorphicrocks。
Subsidenceduringformationofsea-cliffs——
nearLima——
probable，duringPampeanformation——
necessaryfortheaccumulationofpermanentdeposits——
duringthetertiaryformationsofChileandPatagonia——
probableduringtheNeocomianformationofthePortilloPass——
probableduringtheformationofconglomerateofTenuyan——
duringtheNeocomianformationoftheCumbrePass——
oftheUspallatarange——
great，atCopiapo——
duringtheformationoftheCordillera。
Sulphur，volcanicexhalationsof。
Sumatra，promontoriesof。
Summaryontherecentelevatorymovements——
onthePampeanformation——
onthetertiaryformationsofPatagoniaandChile——
ontheChileanCordillera——
onthecretaceo-ooliticformation——
onthesubsidencesoftheCordillera——
ontheelevationoftheCordillera。
Tacna，elevationof。
Tampico，elevatedshellsnear。
Tandil，crystallinerocksof。
Tapalguen，Pampeanformationof——
crystallinerocksof。
Taylor，Mr。oncopperveinsofCuba。
TemperatureofChileduringthetertiaryperiod。
Tension，linesof，originof，axesofelevationandofcleavage。
TenuyPoint，singularsectionof。
Tenuyan，valleyof。
TerracesofthevalleyofS。Cruz——
ofequableheightsthroughoutPatagonia——
ofPatagonia，formationof——
ofChiloe——
atConchalee——
ofCoquimbo——
nothorizontalatCoquimbo——
ofGuasco——
ofS。Lorenzo——
ofgravelwithintheCordillera。
TheoriesontheoriginofthePampeanformation。
TierraAmarilla。
TierradelFuego，formofsea-bottom——
tertiaryformationsof——
clay-slateformationof——
cretaceousformationof——
crystallinerocksof——
cleavageofclay-slate。
Toscarock。
TrachyteofChiloe——
ofPortDesire——
intheCordillera。
Traditionsofpromontorieshavingbeenislands——
onchangesoflevelnearLima。
TreesburiedinplainofIquique——
silicified，vertical，oftheUspallatarange。
TresMontes，elevationof——
volcanicrocksof。
Trigonoceliainsolita。
TristanArroyo，elevatedshellsof。
Tschudi，Mr。onsubsidencenearLima。
Tuff，calcareous，atCoquimbo——
onbasin-plainnearSt。Jago——
structureof，inPampas——
originof，inPampas——
pumiceous，ofR。Negro——
NuevoGulf——
PortDesire——
S。Cruz——
Patagonia，summaryonChiloe——
formationof，inPortillochain——
greatdepositof，atCopiapo。
Tuffs，volcanic，metamorphic，ofUspallata——
ofCoquimbo。
Ulloa，onraininPeru——
onelevationnearLima。
Uruguay，Rio，elevationofcountrynear。
Uspallata，plainof——
passof——
rangeof——
concludingremarkson。
Valdivia，tertiarybedsof——
mica-slateof。
ValleyofS。Cruz，structureof——
Coquimbo——
Guasco，structureof——
Copiapo，structureof——
S。Cruz，tertiaryformationsof——
Coquimbo，geologyof——
Guasco，secondaryformationsof——
Copiapo，secondaryformationsof——
Despoblado。
ValleysintheCordilleraborderedbygravelfringes——
formationof——
intheCordillera。
Valparaiso，elevationof——
gneissof。
VeinofquartznearMonteVideo——
inmica-slate——
relationsof，tocleavage——
inatrapdike——
ofgranite，quartzose——
remarkable，ingneiss，nearValparaiso。
Veins，relationsof，toconcretions——
metalliferous，oftheUspallatarange——
metalliferous，discussionon。
Venezuela，gneissicrocksof。
Ventana，Sierra，Pampeanformationnear——
quartz-rockof。
VillaVincencioPass。
Volcan，Rio，mouthof——
fossilsof。
VolcanoesoftheCordillera——
absent，exceptnearbodiesofwater——
ancientsubmarine，inCordillera——
actionof，inrelationtochangesoflevel——
longactionof，intheCordillera。
Waferonelevatedshells。
Wavescausedbyearthquakes，powerof，intransportingboulders——
powerof，inthrowingupshells。
Weaver，Mr。onelevatedshells。
White，Martin。onsea-bottom。
Wood，silicified，ofEntreRios——
S。Cruz——
Chiloe——
Uspallatarange——
LosHornos——
Copiapo。
Yeso，Rio，andplainof。
YpunIsland，tertiaryformationof。
Zeagonite。
End