Beforetheendofthewatercure,PrinceShcherbatsky,whohadgoneonfromCarlsbadtoBadenandKissingentoRussianfriends-togetabreathofRussianatmosphere,ashesaid-camebacktohiswifeanddaughter。
TheviewsofthePrinceandofthePrincessonlifeabroadwerecompletelyopposed。ThePrincessthoughteverythingdelightful,andinspiteofherestablishedpositioninRussiansociety,shetriedabroadtobelikeaEuropeanfashionablelady,whichshewasnotforthesimplereasonthatshewasatypicalRussiangentlewoman;andsoshewasaffected,whichdidnotaltogethersuither。ThePrince,onthecontrary,thoughteverythingforeigndetestable,gotsickofEuropeanlife,kepttohisRussianhabits,andpurposelytriedtoshowhimselfabroadlessEuropeanthanhewasinreality。
ThePrincereturnedthinner,withtheskinhanginginloosebagsonhischeeks,butinthemostcheerfulframeofmind。HisgoodhumorwasevengreaterwhenhesawKittycompletelyrecovered。ThenewsofKitty’sfriendshipwithMadameStahlandVarenka,andthereportsthePrincessgavehimofsomekindofchangeshehadnoticedinKitty,troubledthePrinceandarousedhishabitualfeelingofjealousyofeverythingthatdrewhisdaughterawayfromhim,andadreadthathisdaughtermighthavegotoutofthereachofhisinfluenceintoregionsinaccessibletohim。Butthisunpleasantnewswasalldrownedintheseaofkindlinessandgoodhumorwhichwasalwayswithinhim,andmoresothaneversincehiscourseofCarlsbadwaters。
ThedayafterhisarrivalthePrince,inhislongovercoat,withhisRussianwrinklesandbaggycheeksproppedupbyastarchedcollar,setoffwithhisdaughtertothespringinthegreatestgoodhumor。
Itwasalovelymorning:thetidy,cheerfulhouseswiththeirlittlegardens,thesightofthered-faced,red-armed,beer-drinkingGermanwaitresses,workingawaymerrily,andbrightsundidone’sheartgood。Butthenearertheygottothespringstheoftenertheymetsickpeople;andtheirappearanceseemedmorepitiablethaneveramongtheeverydayconditionsofprosperousGermanlife。Kittywasnolongerstruckbythiscontrast。Thebrightsun,thebrilliantgreenofthefoliage,thestrainsofthemusicwereforherthenaturalsettingofallthesefamiliarfaces,withtheirchangestogreateremaciationortoconvalescence,forwhichshewatched。ButtothePrincethebrightnessandgaietyoftheJunemorning,andthesoundoftheorchestraplayingagaywaltztheninfashion,andaboveall,theappearanceoftherobustwaitresses,seemedsomethingunseemlyandmonstrous,inconjunctionwiththeseslowlymovingcadaversgatheredtogetherfromallpartsofEurope。
Inspiteofhisfeelingofprideand,asitwere,ofthereturnofyouth,whenhewalkedwithhisfavoritedaughteronhisarm,hefeltawkward,andalmostashamedofhisvigorousstepandhissturdy,stoutandfatlimbs。Hefeltalmostlikeamannotdressedinacrowd。
`Present,presentmetoyournewfriends,’hesaidtohisdaughter,squeezingherhandwithhiselbow。`IlikeevenyourhorridSodenformakingyousowellagain。Onlyit’smelancholy,verymelancholyhere。Who’sthat?’
Kittymentionedthenamesofallthepeopletheymet,ofsomewithwhomshewasacquainted,andsomewithwhomshewasnot。Attheveryentranceofthegardentheymettheblindlady,MadameBerthe,withherguide,andthePrincewasdelightedtoseetheoldFrenchwoman’sfacelightupwhensheheardKitty’svoice。SheatoncebegantalkingtohimwiththeexaggeratedpolitenessoftheFrench,applaudinghimforhavingsuchadelightfuldaughter,extollingKittytotheskiesbeforeherface,andcallingheratreasure,apearlandaconsolingangel。
`Well,she’sthesecondangel,then,’saidthePrince,smiling。`ShecallsMademoiselleVarenkaangelnumberone。’
`Oh!MademoiselleVarenka-she’sarealangel,allez,’MadameBertheassented。
InthearcadetheymetVarenkaherself。Shewaswalkingrapidlytowardthem,carryinganelegantredbag。
`Hereispapacome,’Kittysaidtoher。
Varenkamade-simplyandnaturallyasshedideverything-amovementbetweenabowandcurtsy,andimmediatelybegantalkingtothePrince,withoutshyness,naturally,asshetalkedtoeveryone。
`OfcourseIknowyou;Iknowyouverywell,’thePrincesaidtoherwithasmile,inwhichKittydetectedwithjoythatherfatherlikedherfriend。`Whereareyouofftoinsuchhaste?’
`Maman’shere,’shesaid,turningtoKitty。`Shehasnotsleptallnight,andthedoctoradvisedhertogoout。I’mtakingherherwork。’
`Sothat’sangelnumberone?’saidthePrincewhenVarenkahadgoneon。
KittysawthatherfatherhadmeanttomakefunofVarenka,butthathecouldnotdoitbecausehelikedher。
`Come,soweshallseeallyourfriends,’hewenton,`evenMadameStahl,ifshedeignstorecognizeme。’
`Why,didyouknowher,papa?’Kittyaskedapprehensively,catchingthegleamofironythatkindledinthePrince’seyesatthementionofMadameStahl。
`Iusedtoknowherhusband,andhertooalittle,beforeshe’djoinedthePietists。’
`WhatisaPietist,papa?’askedKitty,dismayedtofindthatwhatsheprizedsohighlyinMadameStahlhadaname。
`Idon’tquiteknowmyself。IonlyknowthatshethanksGodforeverything,foreverymisfortune,andthanksGodtoothatherhusbanddied。Andthat’sratherdroll,astheydidn’tgetontogether。Who’sthat?Whatapiteousface!’heasked,noticingasickmanofmediumheightsittingonabench,wearingabrownovercoatandwhitetrousersthatfellinstrangefoldsabouthislong,fleshlesslegs。Thismanliftedhisstrawhat,showedhisscantycurlyhairandhighforehead,painfullyreddenedbythepressureofthehat。
`That’sPetrov,anartist,’answeredKittyblushing。`Andthat’shiswife,’sheadded,indicatingAnnaPavlovna,who,asthoughonpurpose,attheveryinstanttheyapproached,walkedawayafterachildthathadrunoffalongapath。
`Poorfellow!Andwhatafinefacehehas!’saidthePrince。`Whydon’tyougouptohim?Hewantedtospeaktoyou。’
`Well,letusgo,then,’saidKitty,turningroundresolutely。`Howareyoufeelingtoday?’sheaskedPetrov。
Petrovgotup,leaningonhisstick,andlookedshylyatthePrince。
`Thisismydaughter,’saidthePrince。`Letmeintroducemyself。’
Thepainterbowedandsmiled,showinghisstrangelydazzlingwhiteteeth。
`Weexpectedyouyesterday,Princess,’hesaidtoKitty。
Hestaggeredashesaidthis,andthenrepeatedthemotion,tryingtomakeitseemasifithadbeenintentional。
`Imeanttocome,butVarenkasaidthatAnnaPavlovnasentwordyouwerenotgoing。’
`Notgoing!’saidPetrov,blushing,andimmediatelybeginningtocough,andhiseyessoughthiswife。`Aneta!Aneta!’hesaidloudly,andtheswollenveinsstoodoutlikecordsonhisthinwhiteneck。
AnnaPavlovnacameup。
`SoyousentwordtothePrincessthatweweren’tgoing!’hewhisperedtoherangrily,losinghisvoice。
`Goodmorning,Princess,’saidAnnaPavlovna,withanassumedsmileutterlyunlikeherformermanner。`Verygladtomakeyouracquaintance,’shesaidtothePrince。`You’velongbeenexpected,Prince。’
`WhydidyousendwordtothePrincessthatweweren’tgoing?’theartistwhisperedhoarselyagain,stillmoreangrily,obviouslyexasperatedthathisvoicefailedhimsothathecouldnotgivehiswordstheexpressionhewouldhavelikedto。
`Oh,mercyonus!Ithoughtweweren’tgoing,’hiswifeansweredcrossly。
`What,when……’Hecoughedandwavedhishand。
ThePrincetookoffhishatandmovedawaywithhisdaughter。
`Ah!ah!’hesigheddeeply。`Oh,poorthings!’
`Yes,papa,’answeredKitty。`Andyoumustknowthey’vethreechildren,noservant,andscarcelyanymeans。HegetssomethingfromtheAcademy,’shewentonbriskly,tryingtodrownthedistressthatqueerchangeinAnnaPavlovna’smannertowardherhadarousedinher。`Oh,here’sMadameStahl,’saidKitty,indicatinganinvalidcarriage,where,proppedonpillows,somethingingrayandbluewaslyingunderasunshade。ThiswasMadameStahl。Behindherstoodthegloomy,robustGermanworkmanwhopushedthecarriage。Closebywasstandingaflaxen-headedSwedishCount,whomKittyknewbyname。Severalinvalidswerelingeringnearthelowcarriage,staringattheladyasthoughsheweresomecuriosity。
ThePrincewalkeduptoher,andKittydetectedthatdisconcertinggleamofironyinhiseyes。HewalkeduptoMadameStahl,andaddressedherwithextremecourtesyandcharminthatexcellentFrenchwhichsofewspeaknowadays。
`Idon’tknowifyourememberme,butImustrecallmyselftothankyouforyourkindnesstomydaughter,’hesaidtakingoffhishatandnotputtingitonagain。
`PrinceAlexandreShcherbatsky,’saidMadameStahl,liftinguponhimherheavenlyeyes,inwhichKittydiscernedalookofannoyance。`Delighted!Ihavetakenagreatfancytoyourdaughter。’
`Youarestillinweakhealth?’
`Yes;I’musedtoit,’saidMadameStahl,andsheintroducedthePrincetotheSwedishCount。
`Youarescarcelychangedatall,’thePrincesaidtoher。`It’stenorelevenyearssinceIhadthehonorofseeingyou。’
`Yes;Godsendsthecrossandsendsthestrengthtobearit。Oftenonewonderswhatisthegoalofthislife?……Theotherside!’shesaidangrilytoVarenka,whohadrearrangedtherugoverherfeetnottohersatisfaction。
`Todogood,probably,’saidthePrincewithatwinkleinhiseye。
`Thatisnotforustojudge,’saidMadameStahl,perceivingtheshadeofexpressiononthePrince’sface。`Soyouwillsendmethatbook,dearCount?I’mverygratefultoyou,’shesaidtotheyoungSwede。
`Ah!’criedthePrince,catchingsightoftheMoscowcolonelstandingnear,andwithabowtoMadameStahlhewalkedawaywithhisdaughterandtheMoscowcolonel,whojoinedthem。
`That’souraristocracy,Prince!’theMoscowcolonelsaidwithironicalintention。HecherishedagrudgeagainstMadameStahlfornotmakinghisacquaintance。
`She’sthesameasever,’repliedthePrince。
`Didyouknowherbeforeherillness,Prince-that’stosay,beforeshetooktoherbed?’
`Yes。Shetooktoherbedbeforemyeyes,’saidthePrince。
`Theysayit’stenyearssinceshehasstoodonherfeet。’
`Shedoesn’tstandupbecauseherlegsaretooshort。Shehasaverybadfigure。’
`Papa,it’snotpossible!’criedKitty。
`That’swhatwickedtonguessay,mydarling。AndyourVarenkaistoendurestill,’headded。`Oh,theseinvalidladies!’
`Oh,no,papa!’Kittyobjectedwarmly。`Varenkaworshipsher。Andthenshedoessomuchgood!Askanyone!EveryoneknowsherandAlineStahl。’
`Perhapsso,’saidthePrince,squeezingherhandwithhiselbow;`butit’sbetterwhenonedoesgoodsothatyoumayaskeveryoneandnooneknows。’
Kittydidnotanswer,notbecauseshehadnothingtosay,butbecauseshedidnotcaretorevealhersecretthoughtseventoherfather。But,strangetosay,althoughshehadmadeuphermindsofirmlynottobeinfluencedbyherfather’sviews,nottolethimintoherinmostsanctuary,shefeltthattheheavenlyimageofMadameStahl,whichshehadcarriedforawholemonthinherheart,hadvanished,nevertoreturn,justasthefantasticfiguremadeupofsomeclothesthrowndownatrandomvanisheswhenoneseesthatitisonlysomefallengarment。Allthatwasleftwasawomanwithshortlegs,wholaydownbecauseshehadabadfigure,andworriedpatientVarenkafornotarrangingherrugtoherliking。AndbynoeffortofherimaginationcouldKittybringbacktheformerMadameStahl。
ThePrincecommunicatedhisgoodhumortohisownfamilyandhisfriends,andeventotheGermanlandlordinwhoseroomstheShcherbatskyswerestaying。
OncomingbackwithKittyfromthesprings,thePrince,whohadaskedthecolonel,andMaryaEugenyevna,andVarenkaalltocomeandhavecoffeewiththem,gaveordersforatableandchairstobetakenintothetinygardenunderthechestnuttree,andlunchtobelaidthere。Thelandlordandtheservants,too,grewbriskerundertheinfluenceofhisgoodspirits。Theyknewhisopenhandedness;andhalfanhourlatertheinvaliddoctorfromHamburg,wholivedonthetopfloor,lookedenviouslyoutofhiswindowatthemerrypartyofhealthyRussiansassembledunderthechestnuttree。Inthetremblingcirclesofshadowcastbytheleaves,atatablecoveredwithawhitecloth,andsetwithcoffeepot,bread,butter,cheese,andcoldgame,satthePrincessinahighcapwithlilacribbons,distributingcupsandsandwiches。AttheotherendsatthePrince,eatingheartily,andtalkingloudlyandmerrily。ThePrincehadspreadoutnearhimhispurchases-carvedboxes,andknickknacks,andpaperknivesofallsorts,ofwhichhehadboughtaheapateverywateringplace,andbestowedthemuponeveryone,includingLieschen,theservantgirl,andthelandlord,withwhomhejestedinhiscomicallybadGerman,assuringhimthatitwasnotthewaterhadcuredKitty,buthissplendidcookery-especiallyhisplumsoup。ThePrincesslaughedatherhusbandforhisRussianways,butshewasmorelivelyandgood-humoredthanshehadbeenallthewhileshehadbeenatthewaters。Thecolonelsmiled,ashealwaysdid,atthePrince’sjokes,butasfarasregardsEurope,ofwhichhebelievedhimselftobemakingacarefulstudy,hetookthePrincess’sside。ThegoodheartedMaryaEugenyevnasimplyroaredwithlaughterateverythingabsurdthePrincesaid,andhisjokesmadeVarenkahelplesswithfeeblebutinfectiouslaughter,whichwassomethingKittyhadneverseenbefore。
Kittywasgladofallthis,butshecouldnotbelighthearted。Shecouldnotsolvetheproblemherfatherhadunconsciouslysetherbyhisgood-humoredviewofherfriends,andofthelifethathadsoattractedher。TothisdoubttherewasjoinedthechangeinherrelationswiththePetrovs,whichhadbeensoconspicuouslyandunpleasantlymarkedthatmorning。Everyonewasgood-humored,butKittycouldnotfeelgood-humored,andthisincreasedherdistress。Shefeltafeelingsuchasshehadknowninchildhood,whenshehadbeenshutinherroomasapunishment,andhadheardhersisters’merrylaughteroutside。
`Well,butwhatdidyoubuythismassofthingsfor?saidthePrincess,smiling,andhandingherhusbandacupofcoffee。
`Onegoesforawalk,onelooksinashop,andtheyaskyoutobuy。``Erlaucht,Excellenz,Durchlaucht?’’Directlytheysay``Durchlaucht,’’Ican’tholdout-andtenthalersaregone。’
`It’ssimplyfromboredom,’saidthePrincess。
`Ofcourseitis。Suchboredom,mydear,thatonedoesn’tknowwhattodowithoneself。’
`Howcanyoubebored,Prince?There’ssomuchthat’sinterestingnowinGermany,’saidMaryaEugenyevna。
`ButIknoweverythingthat’sinteresting:theplumsoupIknowandthepeasausagesIknow。Iknoweverything。’
`No,youmaysaywhatyoulike,Prince-there’stheinterestoftheirinstitutions,’saidthecolonel。
`Butwhatisthereinteresting?They’reallasbeamingwithjoyasbrasshalfpence;they’veconqueredeverybody。AndwhyamItobepleasedatthat?Ihaven’tconqueredanyone;onlyIhavemyselftotakeoffmyownboots,and,besides,toexposethembeforethedoor;inthemorning,getupanddressatonce,andgotothecoffeeroomtodrinkbadtea!Howdifferentitisathome!Yougetupinnohaste,yougetcross,grumblealittleandcomeroundagain。You’vetimetothinkthingsover,andnohurry。’
`Buttime’smoney,youforgetthat,’saidthecolonel。
`Time,indeed!Why,therearetimesonewouldgiveamonthofforhalfarouble,andtimesyouwouldn’tgivehalfanhourofforanymoney。Isn’tthatso,Katenka?Whatisit?Whyareyousodepressed?’
`I’mnotdepressed。’
`Whereareyouoffto?Stayalittlelonger,’hesaidtoVarenka。
`Imustbegoinghome,’saidVarenka,gettingup,andagainshebrokeoutlaughing。Whenshehadrecovered,shesaidgood-by,andwentintothehousetogetherhat。
Kittyfollowedher。EvenVarenkastruckherasdifferent。Shewasnotinferior,butdifferentfromwhatshehadfanciedherbefore。
`Oh,dear!It’salongwhilesinceI’velaughedsomuch!’saidVarenka,gatheringupherparasolandherhandbag。`Whatadearyourfatheris!’
Kittydidnotspeak。
`WhenshallIseeyouagain?’askedVarenka。
`MamanmeanttogoandseethePetrovs。Won’tyoubethere?’saidKitty,totryVarenka。
`Yes,’answeredVarenka。`They’regettingreadytogoaway,soIpromisedtohelpthempack。’
`Well,I’llcometoo,then。’
`No,whyshouldyou?’
`Whynot?Whynot?Whynot?’saidKitty,openinghereyeswide,andclutchingatVarenka’sparasol,soasnottolethergo。`No,waitaminute-whynot?’
`Oh,nothing;yourfatherhascome,and,besides,theywillfeelawkwardatyourhelping。’
`No,tellmewhyyoudon’twantmetobeoftenatthePetrovs?Youdon’twantmeto-whynot?’
`Ididn’tsaythat,’saidVarenkaquietly。
`No,pleasetellme!’
`Tellyoueverything?’askedVarenka。
`Everything,everything!’Kittyassented。
`Well,there’sreallynothingofanyconsequence;onlythatMikhailAlexeievich’thatwastheartist’sname`hadmeanttoleaveearlier,andnowhedoesn’twanttogoaway,’saidVarenka,smiling。
`Goon,goon!’Kittyurgedimpatiently,lookingsomberlyatVarenka。
`Well,andforsomereasonAnnaPavlovnatoldhimthathedidn’twanttogobecauseyouarehere。Ofcourse,thatwasnonsense;buttherewasadisputeoverit-overyou。Youknowhowirritablethesesickpeopleare。’
Kitty,scowlingmorethanever,keptsilent,andVarenkawentonspeakingalone,tryingtosoftenorsootheher,andseeingastormcoming-shedidnotknowwhetheroftearsorofwords。
`Soyou’dbetternotgo……Youunderstand;youwon’tbeoffended?……’
`Anditservesmeright!Anditservesmeright!’Kittycriedquickly,snatchingtheparasoloutofVarenka’shand,andavoidinglookingatherfriend’sface。
Varenkafeltinclinedtosmile,lookingatherfriend’schildishfury,butshewasafraidofwoundingher。
`Howdoesitserveyouright?Idon’tunderstand,’shesaid。
`Itservesmeright,becauseitwasallsham;becauseitwasalldoneonpurpose,andnotfromtheheart。WhatbusinesshadItointerferewithoutsiders?Andsoit’scomeaboutthatI’mthecauseofaquarrel,andthatI’vedonewhatnobodyaskedmetodo。Becauseitwasallasham!Asham!Asham!……’
`Asham?Withwhatobject?’saidVarenkagently。
`Oh,it’ssoidiotic!Sohateful!Therewasnoneedwhateverforme……Nothingbutsham!’shesaid,openingandshuttingtheparasol。
`Butwithwhatobject?’
`Toseembettertopeople,tomyself,toGod;todeceiveeveryone。No!NowIwon’tdescendtothat。Onecouldbebad;butanywaynotaliar,notacheat。’
`Butwhoisacheat?’saidVarenkareproachfully。`Youspeakasif……’
ButKittywasinoneofhergustsoffury,andshewouldnotletherfinish。
`Idon’ttalkaboutyou-notaboutyouatall。You’reperfection。Yes,yes,Iknowyou’reallperfection;butwhatamItodoifI’mbad?ThiswouldneverhavebeenifIweren’tbad。SoletmebewhatIam,butnottobeasham。WhathaveItodowithAnnaPavlovna?Letthemgotheirway,andmegomine。Ican’tbedifferent……Andyetit’snotthat,it’snotthat。’
`Whatisit?’askedVarenkainbewilderment。
`Everything。Ican’tactexceptfromtheheart,andyouactfromprinciple。Isimplylikedyou,butyoumostlikelyonlywantedtosaveme,toimproveme。’
`Youareunjust,’saidVarenka。
`ButI’mnotspeakingofotherpeople,I’mspeakingofmyself。’
`Kitty,’theyheardhermother’svoice,`comehere,showpapayournecklace。’
Kitty,withahaughtyair,withoutmakingpeacewithherfriend,tookthenecklaceinalittleboxfromthetableandwenttohermother。
`What’sthematter?Whyareyousored?’hermotherandfathersaidtoherwithonevoice。
`Nothing,’sheanswered。`I’llbebackdirectly,’andsheranback。
`She’sstillhere,’shethought。`WhatamItosaytoher?Oh,dear!WhathaveIdone,whathaveIsaid?WhywasIrudetoher?WhatamItodo?WhatamItosaytoher?’thoughtKitty,andshestoppedinthedoorway。
VarenkainherhatandwiththeparasolinherhandswassittingatatableexaminingtheparasolspringwhichKittyhadbroken。Sheliftedherhead。
`Varenka,forgiveme,doforgiveme,’whisperedKitty,goinguptoher。`Idon’trememberwhatIsaid。I……’
`Ireallydidn’tmeantohurtyou,’saidVarenka,smiling。
Peacewasmade。Butwithherfather’scomingalltheworldinwhichshehadbeenlivingwastransformedforKitty。Shedidnotgiveupeverythingshehadlearned,butshebecameawarethatshehaddeceivedherselfinsupposingshecouldbewhatshewantedtobe。Hereyeswere,itseemed,opened;shefeltallthedifficultyofmaintainingherselfwithouthypocrisyandself-conceitonthepinnacletowhichshehadwishedtomount。Moreover,shebecameawareofallthedrearinessoftheworldofsorrow,ofsickanddyingpeople,inwhichshehadbeenliving。Theeffortsshehadmadetolikeitseemedtoherintolerable,andshefeltalongingtogetbackquicklyintothefreshair,toRussia,toErgushovo,where,assheknewfromletters,hersisterDollyhadalreadygonewithherchildren。
ButheraffectionforVarenkadidnotwane。PartingKittybeggedhertocometotheminRussia。
`I’llcomewhenyougetmarried,’saidVarenka。
`Ishallnevermarry。’
`Well,then,Ishallnevercome。’
`Well,then,Ishallbemarriedsimplyforthat。Mindnow,rememberyourpromise,’saidKitty。
Thedoctor’spredictionwasfulfilled。Kittyreturnedhome,toRussia,cured。Shewasnotasgayandthoughtlessasbefore,butshewasserene。HerMoscowtroubleshadbecomeamemorytoher。
SergeiIvanovichKoznishevwantedarestfrommentalwork,andinsteadofgoingabroadasheusuallydid,hecametowardtheendofMaytostayinthecountrywithhisbrother。Inhisjudgmentthebestsortoflifewasacountrylife。Hehadcomenowtoenjoysuchalifeathisbrother’s。KonstantinLevinwasverygladtohavehim,especiallyashedidnotexpecthisbrotherNikolaithatsummer。ButinspiteofhisaffectionandrespectforSergeiIvanovich,KonstantinLevinwasuncomfortablewithhisbrotherinthecountry。Itmadehimuncomfortable,anditevenannoyedhim,toseehisbrother’sattitudetothecountry。ToKonstantinLevinthecountrywasthebackgroundoflife-thatisofpleasures,endeavors,labor;toSergeiIvanovichthecountrymeantononehandrestfromwork,ontheotheravaluableantidotetolaxness-anantidotewhichhetookwithsatisfactionandasenseofitssalutariness。ToKonstantinLevinthecountrywasgoodbecauseitaffordedafieldforlabor,oftheusefulnessofwhichtherecouldbenodoubt;toSergeiIvanovichthecountrywasparticularlygood,becausethereitwaspossibleandfittingtodonothing。Moreover,SergeiIvanovich’sattitudetoward`thepeople’ratherpiquedKonstantin。SergeiIvanovichusedtosaythatheknewandliked`thepeople,’andheoftentalkedtothepeasants,whichheknewhowtodowithoutaffectationorcondescension,andfromeverysuchconversationhewoulddeducegeneralconclusionsinfavorof`thepeople’andinconfirmationofhisknowingthem。KonstantinLevindidnotlikesuchanattitudetoward`thepeople。’ToKonstantin`thepeople’wassimplythechiefpartnerinthecommonlabor,andinspiteofalltherespectandthelove,almostlikethatofkinship,hehadforthepeasantsuckedinprobably,ashesaidhimself,withthemilkofhispeasantnurse,Konstantinasafellowworkerwiththem,whilesometimesenthusiasticoverthevigor,gentleness,andjusticeofthesemen,wasveryoften,whentheircommonlaborscalledforotherqualities,exasperatedwiththepeasantforhiscarelessness,slovenliness,drunkennessandlying。Ifhehadbeenaskedwhetherhelikedordidn’tlike`thepeople,’KonstantinLevinwouldhavebeenabsolutelyatalosswhattoreply。Helikedanddidnotlike`thepeople,’justashelikedanddidnotlikemeningeneral。Ofcourse,beingagoodheartedman,helikedmenmorethanhedislikedthem,andsotoowith`thepeople。’Butlikeordislike`thepeople’assomethingpeculiarhecouldnot,notonlybecausehelivedwith`thepeople,’andallhisinterestswereboundupwiththeirs,butalsobecauseheregardedhimselfasapartof`thepeople,’didnotseeanypeculiarqualitiesorfailingsdistinguishinghimselffrom`thepeople,’andcouldnotcontrasthimselfwiththem。Moreover,althoughhehadlivedsolongintheclosestrelationswiththepeasants,asfarmerandarbitrator,andwhatwasmore,asadviserthepeasantstrustedhim,andforfortyverstasroundtheywouldcometoaskhisadvice,hehadnodefiniteviewsof`thepeople,’andwouldhavebeenasmuchatalosstoanswerthequestionwhetherheknew`thepeople’asthequestionwhetherhelikedthem。Forhimtosayheknew`thepeople’wouldhavebeenthesameastosayheknewmen。Hewascontinuallywatchingandgettingtoknowpeopleofallsorts,andamongthempeasants,whomheregardedasgoodandinterestingpeople,andhewascontinuallyobservingnewpointsinthem,alteringhisformerviewsofthemandformingnewones。
WithSergeiIvanovichitwasquitethecontrary。Justashelikedandpraisedacountrylifeincomparisonwiththelifehedidnotlike,sotooheliked`thepeople’incontradistinctiontotheclassofmenhedidnotlike,andsotooheknew`thepeople’assomethingdistinctfrom,andopposedto,meningeneral。Inhismethodicalbrainthereweredistinctlyformulatedcertainaspectsofpeasantlife,deducedpartlyfromthatlifeitself,butchieflyfromcontrastwithothermodesoflife。Heneverchangedhisopinionof`thepeople’andhissympatheticattitudetowardthem。
Inthediscussionsthatarosebetweenthebrothersontheirviewsof`thepeople,’SergeiIvanovichalwaysgotthebetterofhisbrother,preciselybecauseSergeiIvanovichhaddefiniteideasaboutthepeasant-hischaracter,hisqualities,andhistastes;KonstantinLevinhadnodefiniteandunalterableideaonthesubject,andsointheirargumentsKonstantinwasreadilyconvictedofcontradictinghimself。
InSergeiIvanovich’seyeshisyoungerbrotherwasacapitalfellow,withhisheartintherightplaceasheexpresseditinFrench,butwithamindwhich,thoughfairlyquick,wastoomuchinfluencedbytheimpressionsofthemoment,andconsequentlyfilledwithcontradictions。Withallthecondescensionofanelderbrotherhesometimesexplainedtohimthetrueimportofthings,buthederivedlittlesatisfactionfromarguingwithhimbecausehegotthebetterofhimtooeasily。
KonstantinLevinregardedhisbrotherasamanofimmenseintellectandculture,asgenerousinthehighestsenseoftheword,andpossessedofaspecialfacultyforworkingforthepublicgood。Butinthedepthsofhisheart,theolderhebecame,andthemoreintimatelyheknewhisbrother,themoreandmorefrequentlythethoughtstruckhimthatthisfacultyofworkingforthepublicgood,ofwhichhefelthimselfutterlydevoid,waspossiblynotsomuchaqualityasalackofsomething-notalackofgood,honest,nobledesiresandtastes,butalackofvitalforce,ofwhatiscalledheart,ofthatimpulsewhichdrivesamantochoosesomeoneoutoftheinnumerablepathsoflife,andtocareonlyforthatone。Thebetterheknewhisbrother,themorehenoticedthatSergeiIvanovich,andmanyotherpeoplewhoworkedforthepublicwelfare,werenotledbyanyimpulseofthehearttocareforthepublicgood,butreasonedfromintellectualconsiderationsthatitwasarightthingtotakeaninterestinpublicaffairs,andconsequentlytookaninterestinthem。Levinwasconfirmedinthisconjecturebyobservingthathisbrotherdidnottakequestionsaffectingthepublicwelfareorthequestionoftheimmortalityofthesoulabitmoretoheartthanhedidchessproblems,ortheingeniousconstructionofanewmachine。
Besidesthis,KonstantinLevinwasnotathiseasewithhisbrother,becauseinthecountry,especiallyinsummertime,Levinwascontinuallybusywithworkontheland,andthelongsummerdaywasnotlongenoughforhimtogetthroughallhehadtodo,whileSergeiIvanovichwasmerelytakingaholiday。Butthoughhewastakingaholidaynow-thatistosay,hewasdoingnowriting-hewassousedtointellectualactivitythathelikedtoputintoconciseandeloquentshapetheideasthatoccurredtohim,andlikedtohavesomeonelistentohim。Hismostusualandnaturallistenerwashisbrother。Andso,inspiteofthefriendlinessanddirectnessoftheirrelations,Konstantinfeltanawkwardnessinleavinghimalone。SergeiIvanovichlikedtostretchhimselfonthegrassinthesun,andtolieso,baskingandchattinglazily。
`Youwouldn’tbelieve,’hewouldsaytohisbrother,`whatapleasurethisrurallazinessistome。Notanideainone’sbrain-asemptyasadrum!’
ButKonstantinLevinfounditdullsittingandlisteningtohim,especiallywhenheknewthatwhilehewasawaymanurewouldbecartedintofieldsnotplowedreadyforit,andheapedupGodknowshow;andthesharesintheplowswouldnotbescrewedin,sothattheywouldcomeoff,andthenhismenwouldsaythenewplowswereasillyinvention,andtherewasnothingliketheoldwoodenplow,andsoon。
`Come,you’vedoneenoughtrudgingaboutintheheat,’SergeiIvanovichwouldsaytohim。
`No,Imustjustrunroundtothecountinghouseforaminute,’Levinwouldanswer,andwouldrunofftothefields。
EarlyinJuneAgathyaMikhailovna,theoldnurseandhousekeeper,incarryingtothecellarajarofmushroomsshehadjustpickled,happenedtoslip,fallandsprainherwrist。Thedistrictdoctor,atalkativeyoungmedicowhohadjustfinishedhisstudies,cametoseeher。Heexaminedthewrist,saiditwasnotluxated,bandagedit,andbeingaskedtodinnerevidentlywasdelightedatachanceoftalkingtothecelebratedSergeiIvanovichKoznishev,andtoshowhisadvancedviewsofthingstoldhimallthescandalofthedistrict,complainingofthepoorstateintowhichtheZemstvoaffairshadfallen。SergeiIvanovichlistenedattentively,askedhimquestions,and,rousedbyanewlistener,hetalkedfluently,utteredafewkeenandweightyobservations,respectfullyappreciatedbytheyoungdoctor,andwassooninthatanimatedframeofmindhisbrotherknewsowell,whichalways,withhim,followedabrilliantandanimatedconversation。Afterthedepartureofthedoctor,hewantedtogowithafishingrodtotheriver。SergeiIvanovichwasfondofangling,andwas,itseemed,proudofbeingabletocareforsuchastupidoccupation。
KonstantinLevin,whosepresencewasneededintheplowlandandthemeadows,hadcometotakehisbrotherinthecabriolet。
Itwasthattimeoftheyear,theturningpointofsummer,whenthecropsofthepresentyearareacertainty,whenonebeginstothinkofthesowingfornextyear,andthemowingisathand;whentheryeisallinear,thoughitsearsarestilllight,notyetfull,anditwavesingray-greenbillowsinthewind;whenthegreenoats,withtuftsofyellowgrassscatteredhereandthereamongit,droopirregularlyoverthelate-sownfields;whentheearlybuckwheatisalreadyoutandhidingtheground;whenthefallowlands,troddenhardasstonebythecattle,arehalf-plowedover,withpathsleftuntouchedbytheplow;whentheodorfromthedrymanureheapscartedintothefieldsminglesatsunsetwiththesmellofmeadowsweet,andonthelow-lyinglandsthepreservedmeadowsareathickseaofgrasswaitingforthemowing,withblackenedheapsofsorrelstalksamongit。
Itwasthetimewhentherecomesabriefpauseinthetoilofthefieldsbeforethebeginningofthelaborsofharvest-everyyearrecurring,everyyearclaimingallthepeasant’sthews。Thecropwasasplendidone,andbright,hotsummerdayshadsetinwithshort,dewynights。
Thebrothershadtodrivethroughthewoodstoreachthemeadows。SergeiIvanovichwasallthewhileadmiringthebeautyofthewoods,whichwereatangledmassofleaves,pointingouttohisbrothernowanoldlimetreeonthepointofflowering,darkontheshadyside,andbrightlyspottedwithyellowstipules,nowtheyoungshootsofthisyear’ssaplingsbrilliantwithemerald。KonstantinLevindidnotliketalkingandhearingaboutthebeautyofnature。Wordsforhimtookawaythebeautyofwhathesaw。Heassentedtowhathisbrothersaid,butcouldnothelpthinkingofotherthings。Whentheycameoutofthewoods,allhisattentionwasengrossedbytheviewofthefallowlandontheupland,inpartsyellowwithgrass,inpartstrampledandcheckeredwithfurrows,inpartsdottedwithridgesofmanure,andinpartsevenplowed。Astringoftelegaswasmovingacrossit。Levincountedthetelegas,andwaspleasedthatallthatwerewantedhadbeenbrought,andatthesightofthemeadowshisthoughtspassedtothemowing。Healwaysfeltsomethingpeculiarmovinghimtothequickathaymaking。OnreachingthemeadowLevinstoppedthehorse。
Themorningdewwasstilllyingonthethickundergrowthofthegrass,and,thathemightnotgethisfeetwet,SergeiIvanovichaskedhisbrothertodrivehiminthecabrioletuptothewillowtreefromwhichtheperchwerecaught。SorryasKonstantinLevinwastocrushdownhismowinggrass,hedrovehimintothemeadow。Thehighgrasssoftlyturnedaboutthewheelsandthehorse’slegs,leavingitsseedsclingingtothewetaxlesandspokesofthewheels。
Hisbrotherseatedhimselfunderabush,arranginghistackle,whileLevinledthehorseaway,tiedhimupandwalkedintothevastgray-greenseaofgrassunstirredbythewind。Thesilkygrasswithitsripeseedscamealmosttohiswaistintheriversidespots。
Crossingthemeadow,KonstantinLevincameoutontheroad,andmetanoldmanwithaswolleneye,carryingaswarmingbasketwithbees。
`What?Takenastrayswarm,Fomich?’heasked。
`No,indeed,KonstantinMitrich!Allwecandotokeepourown!Thisisthesecondnewswarmthathasflownaway……Luckilytheladscaughtthem。Theywereplowingyourfield。Theyunyokedthehorsesandgallopedafterthem。’
`Well,whatdoyousay,Fomich-startmowingorwaitabit?’
`Well,now!Ourway’stowaittillSt。Peter’sDay。Butyoualwaysmowsooner。Well,tobesure,pleaseGod,thehay’sgood。There’llbeplentyforthebeasts。’
`Whatdoyouthinkabouttheweather?’
`That’sinGod’shands。Maybeeventheweatherwillfavorus。’
Levinwalkeduptohisbrother。
SergeiIvanovichhadcaughtnothing,buthewasnotbored,andseemedinthemostcheerfulframeofmind。Levinsawthat,stimulatedbyhisconversationwiththedoctor,hewantedtotalk。Levin,ontheotherhand,wouldhavelikedtogethomeassoonaspossible,togiveordersaboutgettingtogetherthemowersfornextday,andtosetatresthisdoubtsaboutthemowing,whichgreatlyabsorbedhim。
`Well,let’sbegoing,’hesaid。
`Whybeinsuchahurry?Let’sstayalittle。Buthowwetyouare!Eventhoughonecatchesnothing,it’sfine。That’sthebestthingabouteverypartofsport,thatonehastodowithnature。Howexquisitethissteelywateris!’saidSergeiIvanovich。`Theseriversidebanksalwaysremindmeoftheriddle-doyouknowit?``Thegrasssaystotheriver:wequiverandwequiver。’’
`Idon’tknowtheriddle,’answeredLevincheerlessly。
`DoyouknowI’vebeenthinkingaboutyou,’saidSergeiIvanovich。`It’sbeyondeverythingwhat’sbeingdoneinthedistrict,accordingtowhatthisdoctortellsme。He’saveryintelligentfellow。AndasI’vetoldyoubefore,Itellyouagain:it’snotrightforyounottogotothemeetings,andtokeepoutoftheZemstvoaffairsentirely。Ifdecentpeoplewon’tgointoit,ofcourseit’sboundtogoallwrong。Wepaythemoney,anditallgoesinsalaries,andtherearenoschools,nordistrictdressers,normidwives,norpharmacies-nothing。’
`Well,Ididtry,youknow,’Levinsaidgentlyandunwillingly。`Ican’t!Andsothere’snohelpforit。’
`Butwhycan’tyou?ImustownIcan’tmakeitout。Indifference,incapacity-Iwon’tadmit;surelyit’snotsimplylaziness?’
`Noneofthosethings。I’vetried,andIseeIcandonothing,’saidLevin。
Hehadhardlygraspedwhathisbrotherwassaying。Lookingtowardtheplowlandacrosstheriver,hemadeoutsomethingblack,buthecouldnotdistinguishwhetheritwasahorseorthebailiffonhorseback。
`Whyisityoucandonothing?Youmadeanattemptanddidn’tsucceed,asyouthink,andyougivein。Howcanyouhavesolittleambition?’
`Ambition!’saidLevin,stungtothequickbyhisbrother’swords;`Idon’tunderstand。Ifthey’dtoldmeatcollegethatotherpeopleunderstoodtheintegralcalculus,andIdidn’t,thenambitionwouldhavecomein。Butinthiscaseonewantsfirsttobeconvincedthatonehascertainabilitiesforthissortofbusiness,andespeciallythatallthisbusinessisofgreatimportance。’
`What!Doyoumeantosayit’snotofimportance?’saidSergeiIvanovich,stungtothequickinhisturnbyhisbrother’sconsideringofnoimportanceanythingthatinterestedhim,andstillmoreathisobviouslypayinglittleattentiontowhathewassaying。
`Idon’tthinkitimportant;itdoesnottakeholdofme-Ican’thelpit,’answeredLevin,makingoutthatwhathesawwasthebailiff,andthatthebailiffseemedtobelettingthepeasantsgoofftheplowedland。Theywereturningtheplowover。`Cantheyhavefinishedplowing?’hewondered。
`Come,reallythough,’saidtheelderbrother,withafrownonhishandsome,cleverface,`there’salimittoeverything。It’sverywelltobeoriginalandgenuine,andtodislikeeverythinghypocritical-Iknowallaboutthat;butreally,whatyou’resayingeitherhasnomeaning,orithasaverywrongmeaning。Howcanyouthinkitamatterofnoimportancewhether``thepeople,’whomyouloveasyouassert……’
`Ineverdidassertit,’thoughtKonstantinLevin。
`……diewithouthelp?Theignorantpeasantwomenstarvethechildren,andthepeoplestagnateindarkness,andarehelplessinthehandsofeveryvillageclerk,whileyouhaveatyourdisposalameansofhelpingthem,anddon’thelpthembecausetoyourmindit’sofnoimportance!’
AndSergeiIvanovichputbeforehimthedilemma:Eitheryouaresoundevelopedthatyoucan’tseeallthatyoucando,oryouwon’tsacrificeyourease,yourvanity,orwhateveritis,todoit。
KonstantinLevinfeltthattherewasnocourseopentohimbuttosubmit,ortoconfesstoalackofzealforthepublicgood。Andthismortifiedhimandhurthisfeelings。
`It’sboth,’hesaidresolutely;`Idon’tseethatitispossible……’
`What!Isitimpossible,ifthemoneywereproperlylaidout,toprovidemedicalaid?’
`Impossible,asitseemstome……Forthefourthousandsquareverstasofourdistrict,whatwithourundersnowwaters,andthestorms,andtheworkinthefields,Idon’tseehowitispossibletoprovidemedicalaidallover。Andbesides,Idon’tbelieveinmedicine。’
`Oh,well,that’sunfair……Icanquotetoyouthousandsofinstances……Buttheschools,atleast?’
`Whyhaveschools?’
`Whatdoyoumean?Cantherebetwoopinionsoftheadvantageofeducation?Ifit’sagoodthingforyou,it’sagoodthingforeveryone。’
KonstantinLevinfelthimselfmorallypinnedagainstawall,andsohebecameheated,andunconsciouslyblurtedoutthechiefcauseofhisindifferencetopublicbusiness。
`Perhapsitmayallbeverygood;butwhyshouldIworrymyselfaboutestablishingdispensarieswhichIshallnevermakeuseof,andschoolstowhichIshallneversendmychildren,towhicheventhepeasantsdon’twanttosendtheirchildren,andtowhichI’venoveryfirmfaiththattheyoughttosendthem?’saidhe。
SergeiIvanovichwasforaminutesurprisedatthisunexpectedviewofthesubject;buthepromptlymadeanewplanofattack。
Hewassilentforalittle,drewoutahook,threwitinagain,andturnedtohisbrothersmiling。
`Come,now……Inthefirstplace,thedispensaryisneeded。WeourselvessentforthedistrictdoctorforAgathyaMikhailovna。’
`Oh,well,butIfancyherwristwillneverbestraightagain。’
`Thatremainstobeproved……Next,thepeasantwhocanreadandwriteisasaworkmanofmoreuseandvaluetoyou。’
`No;youcanaskanyoneyoulike,’KonstantinLevinansweredwithdecision,`themanthatcanreadandwriteismuchinferiorasaworkman。Andmendingthehighroadsisanimpossibility;andassoonastheyputupbridgesthey’restolen。’
`Still,that’snotthepoint,’saidSergeiIvanovich,frowning。Hedislikedcontradiction,andstillmore,argumentsthatwerecontinuallyskippingfromonethingtoanother,introducingnewanddisconnectedpoints,sothattherewasnoknowingtowhichtoreply。`Letmesay。Doyouadmitthateducationisabenefitforthepeople?’
`Yes,Iadmitit,’saidLevinwithoutthinking,andhewasconsciousimmediatelythathehadsaidwhathedidnotthink。Hefeltthatifheadmittedthat,itwouldbeprovedthathehadbeentalkingmeaninglessrubbish。Howitwouldbeprovedhecouldnottell,butheknewthatthiswouldinevitablybelogicallyprovedtohim,andheawaitedtheproofs。
TheargumentturnedouttobefarsimplerthanKonstantinLevinhadexpected。
`Ifyouadmitthatitisabenefit,’saidSergeiIvanovich,`then,asanhonestman,youcannothelpcaringaboutitandsympathizingwiththemovement,andsowishingtoworkforit。’
`ButIstilldonotadmitthismovementtobegood,’saidKonstantinLevin,reddening。
`What!Butyoujustsaidnow……’
`That’stosay,Idon’tadmitit’sbeingeithergoodorpossible。’
`Thatyoucan’ttellwithoutmakingthetrial。’
`Well,supposingthatisso,’saidLevin,thoughhedidnotsupposesoatall,`supposingthatisso,stillIdon’tsee,allthesame,whyIshouldworrymyselfaboutit。’
`Howso?’
`No;sincewearetalking,explainittomefromthephilosophicalpointofview,’saidLevin。
`Ican’tseewherephilosophycomesin,’saidSergeiIvanovich,inatone,Levinfancied,asthoughhedidnotadmithisbrother’srighttotalkaboutphilosophy。AndthatirritatedLevin。
`I’lltellyou,then,’hesaidwithheat,`Iimaginethemainspringofallouractionsis,afterall,self-interest。NowintheZemstvoinstitutionsI,asanobleman,seenothingthatcouldconducetomyprosperity。Theroadsarenotbetterandcouldnotbebetter;myhorsescarrymewellenoughoverbadones。Doctorsanddispensariesareofnousetome。Ajusticeofthepeaceisofnousetome-Ineverappealtohim,andnevershallappealtohim。Theschoolsareofnogoodtome,butpositivelyharmful,asItoldyou。FormetheZemstvoinstitutionssimplymeantheliabilityofpayingeighteenkopecksforeverydessiatina,ofdrivingintothetown,sleepingwithbedbugs,andlisteningtoallsortsofidiocyandblather,andself-interestoffersmenoinducement。’
`Excuseme,’SergeiIvanovichinterposedwithasmile,`self-interestdidnotinduceustoworkfortheemancipationoftheserfs,yetwedidworkforit。’
`No!’KonstantinLevinbrokeinwithstillgreaterheat;`theemancipationoftheserfswasadifferentmatter。Thereself-interestdidcomein。Onelongedtothrowoffthatyokethatcrushedus-allthedecentpeopleamongus。ButtobeamemberoftheZemstvoanddiscusshowmanystreetcleanersareneeded,andhowsewersshallbeconstructedinthetowninwhichIdon’tlive-toserveonajuryandtryapeasantwhohasstolenaflitchofbacon,andlistenforsixhoursatastretchtoallsortsofjabberfromthecounselforthedefenseandtheprosecution,andthepresidentcross-examiningmyoldsimpletonAlioshka:``Doyouadmit,prisoneratthebar,thefactoftheremovalofthebacon’-``Eh?’’
KonstantinLevinhadwarmedtohissubject,andbeganmimickingthepresidentandthehalf-wittedAlioshka:itseemedtohimthatitwasalltothepoint。
ButSergeiIvanovichshruggedhisshoulders。
`Well,whatdoyoumeantosay,then?’
`Isimplymeantosaythatthoserightsthattouchme……myinterest,Ishallalwaysdefendtothebestofmyability;thatwhenraidsweremadeonusstudents,andthepolicereadourletters,Iwasreadytodefendthoserightstotheutmost,todefendmyrightstoeducationandfreedom。Icanunderstandcompulsorymilitaryservice,whichaffectsmychildren,mybrothers,andmyself-Iamreadytodeliberateonwhatconcernsme;butdeliberatingonhowtospendfortythousandroublesofZemstvo’smoney,orjudgingthehalf-wittedAlioshka-thatIdon’tunderstand,andIcan’tdoit。’
KonstantinLevinspokeasthoughthefloodgatesofhisspeechhadburstopen。SergeiIvanovichsmiled。
`Buttomorrowit’llbeyourturntobetried;wouldithavesuitedyourtastesbettertobetriedintheoldcriminalcourt?’
`I’mnotgoingtobetried。Ishan’tmurderanybody,andI’venoneedofit。Well,Itellyouwhat,’hewenton,flyingoffagaintoasubjectquitebesidethepoint,`ourdistrictself-governmentandalltherestofit-it’sjustlikethebirchsaplingswestickintheground,aswewoulddoitonTrinityDay,tolooklikeacopsewhichhasgrownupofitselfinEurope,andIcan’tgushoverthesebirchsaplingsandbelieveinthem。’
SergeiIvanovichmerelyshruggedhisshoulders,asthoughtoexpresshiswonderhowthebirchsaplingshadcomeintotheirargumentatthatpoint,thoughhedidreallyunderstandatoncewhathisbrothermeant。
`Excuseme,butyouknowonereallycan’targueinthatway,’heobserved。
ButKonstantinLevinwantedtojustifyhimselfforthefailing,ofwhichhewasconscious,ofalackofzealforthepublicwelfare,andhewenton。
`Iimagine,’Konstantinsaid,`thatnosortofactivityislikelytobelastingifitisnotfoundedonself-interest-that’sauniversalprinciple,aphilosophicalprinciple,’hesaid,repeatingtheword`philosophical’withdetermination,asthoughwishingtoshowthathehadasmuchrightasanyoneelsetotalkofphilosophy。
SergeiIvanovichsmiled。`Hetoohasaphilosophyofhisownattheserviceofhisnaturaltendencies,’hethought。
`Come,you’dbetterletphilosophyalone,’hesaid。`Thechiefproblemofthephilosophyofallagesconsistspreciselyinfindingthatindispensableconnectionwhichexistsbetweenindividualandsocialinterests。Butthat’snottothepoint;whatistothepointisacorrectionImustmakeinyourcomparison。Thebirchesarenotsimplystuckin,butsomearesownandsomeareplanted,andonemustdealcarefullywiththem。It’sonlythosepeoplesthathaveanintuitivesenseofwhat’sofimportanceandsignificanceintheirinstitutions,andknowhowtovaluethem,whohaveafuturebeforethem-it’sonlythosepeoplesthatonecantrulycallhistorical。’
AndSergeiIvanovichcarriedthesubjectintotheregionsofphilosophicalhistorywhereKonstantinLevincouldnotfollowhim,andshowedhimalltheincorrectnessofhisoutlook。
`Asforyourdislikeofit-excusemysayingso-that’ssimplyourRussianslothandoldserfowners’ways,andI’mconvincedthatinyouit’satemporaryerrorandwillpass。’
Konstantinwassilent。Hefelthimselfvanquishedonallsides,buthefeltatthesametimethatwhathewantedtosaywasunintelligibletohisbrother。Onlyhecouldnotmakeuphismindwhetheritwasunintelligiblebecausehewasnotcapableofexpressinghismeaningclearly,orbecausehisbrotherwouldnotorcouldnotunderstandhim。Buthedidnotpursuethespeculation,and,withoutreplying,hefelltomusingonaquitedifferentandpersonalmatter。
SergeiIvanovichwoundupthelastline,unhitchedthehorse,andtheydroveoff。
ThepersonalmatterthatabsorbedLevinduringhisconversationwithhisbrotherwasthis。Once,theyearprevious,hehadgonetolookatthemowing,andbeingmadeveryangrybythebailiffhehadhadrecoursetohisfavoritemeansforregaininghistemper-hehadtakenascythefromapeasantandbegunmowing。
Helikedtheworksomuchthathehadseveraltimestriedhishandatmowingsince。Hehadcutthewholeofthemeadowinfrontofhishouse,andthisyear,eversincetheearlyspring,hehadcherishedaplanformowingforwholedaystogetherwiththepeasants。Eversincehisbrother’sarrivalhehadbeenindoubtastowhethertomowornot。Hewasloathtoleavehisbrotheralonealldaylong,andhewasafraidhisbrotherwouldlaughathimaboutit。Butashedroveintothemeadow,andrecalledthesensationsofmowing,hecameneardecidingthathewouldgomowing。Aftertheirritatingdiscussionwithhisbrother,heponderedoverthisintentionagain。
`Imusthavephysicalexercise,ormytemper’llcertainlyberuined,’hethought,andhedeterminedhewouldgomowing,howeverawkwardhemightfeelaboutitwithhisbrotherorthepeasants。
TowardeveningKonstantinLevinwenttohiscountinghouse,gavedirectionsastotheworktobedone,andsentaboutthevillagetosummonthemowersforthemorrow,tocutthehayinKalinovmeadow,thelargestandbestofhisgrasslands。
`Andsendmyscythe,please,toTit,forhimtosetit,andbringitroundtomorrow。Imaydosomemowingmyself,too,’hesaid,tryingnottobeembarrassed。
Thebailiffsmiledandsaid:
`Yes,sir。’
AtteathesameeveningLevinsaidtohisbrothertoo。
`Ifancythefineweatherwilllast,’saidhe。`TomorrowIshallstartmowing。’
`I’msofondofthatformoffieldlabor,’saidSergeiIvanovich。
`I’mawfullyfondofit。Isometimesmowmyselfwiththepeasants,andtomorrowIwanttotrymowingthewholeday。’
SergeiIvanovichliftedhishead,andlookedwithcuriosityathisbrother。
`Howdoyoumean?Justlikeoneofthepeasants,alldaylong?’
`Yes,it’sverypleasant,’saidLevin。
`It’ssplendidasexercise,onlyyou’llhardlybeabletostandit,’saidSergeiIvanovich,withoutashadeofirony。
`I’vetriedit。It’shardworkatfirst,butyougetintoit。IdaresayIshallmanagetokeepitup……’
`Oh,sothat’sit!Buttellme,howdothepeasantslookatit?Isupposetheylaughintheirsleevesattheirmaster’sbeingsuchaqueerfish?’
`No,Idon’tthinkso;butit’ssodelightful,andatthesametimesuchhardwork,thatonehasnotimetothinkaboutit。’
`Buthowwillyoudoaboutdiningwiththem?TosendyouabottleofLafitteandroastturkeyouttherewouldbealittleawkward。’
`No,I’llsimplycomehomeatthetimeoftheirnoondayrest。’
NextmorningKonstantinLevingotupearlierthanusual,buthewasdetainedgivingdirectionsonthefarm,andwhenhereachedthemowinggrassthemowerswerealreadyattheirsecondswath。
Fromtheuplandshecouldgetaviewoftheshadedcutpartofthemeadowbelow,withthegrayishswathsandtheblackheapsofcoats,takenoffbythemowersattheplacefromwhichtheyhadstartedcutting。
Gradually,asherodetowardthemeadow,thepeasantscameintosight,someincoats,someintheirshirts,mowing,onebehindanotherinalongstring,eachswinginghisscytheinhisownway。Hecountedforty-twoofthem。
Theyweremowingslowlyovertheuneven,low-lyingpartsofthemeadow,wheretherehadbeenanolddam。Levinrecognizedsomeofhisownmen。HerewasoldIermilinaverylongwhitesmock,bendingforwardtoswingascythe;therewasayoungfellow,Vaska,whohadbeenacoachmanofLevin’s,takingeveryswathwithawidesweep。Here,too,wasTit,Levin’spreceptorintheartofmowing,athinlittlepeasant。Hewentonahead,andcuthiswideswathwithoutbending,asthoughplayingwithhisscythe。
Levingotoffhismare,andfasteningherupbytheroadsidewenttomeetTit,whotookasecondscytheoutofabushandgaveithim。
`It’sready,sir;it’slikearazor-itcutsofitself,’saidTit,takingoffhiscapwithasmileandgivinghimthescythe。
Levintookthescythe,andbegantryingit。Astheyfinishedtheirswaths,themowers,hotandgood-humored,cameoutintotheroadoneafteranother,andsmirking,greetedthemaster。Theyallstaredathim,butnoonemadeanyremark,tillatalloldman,withawrinkled,beardlessface,wearingashortsheepskinjacket,cameoutintotheroadandaccostedhim。
`Look’eenow,master,oncetakeholdoftherope,there’snolettinggo!’hesaid,andLevinheardsmotheredlaughteramongthemowers。
`I’lltrynottoletitgo,’hesaid,takinghisstandbehindTit,andwaitingforthetimetobegin。
`Mind’ee,’repeatedtheoldman。
Titmaderoom,andLevinstartedbehindhim。Thegrasswasshortclosetotheroad,andLevin,whohadnotdoneanymowingforalongwhile,andwasdisconcertedbytheeyesfasteneduponhim,cutbadlyforthefirstmoments,thoughheswunghisscythevigorously。Behindhimheheardvoices:
`It’snotsetright;handle’stoohigh;seehowhehastostooptoit,’saidone。
`Pressmoreontheheelofthescythe,’saidanother。
`Nevermind,he’llgetonallright,’theoldmanresumed。`See,he’smadeastart……Youswingittoowide,you’lltireyourselfout……Themaster,sure,doeshisbestforhimself!Butseethegrassmissedout!Forsuchworkusfellowswouldcatchit!’
Thegrassbecamelusher,andLevin,listeningwithoutanswering,followedTit,tryingtodothebesthecould。Theymovedahundredpaces。Titkeptmovingon,withoutstopping,norshowingtheslightestweariness,butLevinwasalreadybeginningtofearhewouldnotbeabletokeepitup-sotiredwashe。
Hefeltasheswunghisscythethathewasattheveryendofhisstrength,andwasmakinguphismindtoaskTittostop。ButatthatverymomentTitstoppedofhisownaccord,and,stoopingdown,pickedupsomegrass,rubbedhisscythe,andbeganwhettingit。Levinstraightenedhimself,anddrawingadeepbreathlookedround。Behindhimcameapeasant,andhetoowasevidentlytired,forhestoppedatoncewithoutwaitingtomowuptoLevin,andbeganwhettinghisscythe。TitsharpenedhisscytheandLevin’s,andtheywenton。
Thenexttimeitwasjustthesame。Titmovedonwithsweepaftersweepofhisscythe,withoutstoppingorshowingsignsofweariness。Levinfollowedhim,tryingnottogetleftbehind,andhefounditharderandharder:themomentcamewhenhefelthehadnostrengthleft,butatthatverymomentTitstoppedandwhettedthescythes。
Sotheymowedthefirstrow。AndthislongrowseemedparticularlyhardworktoLevin;butwhentheendwasreached,andTit,shoulderinghisscythe,beganwithdeliberatestridereturningonthetracksleftbyhisheelsinthecutgrass,andLevinwalkedbackinthesamewayoverthespacehehadcut,inspiteofthesweatthatraninstreamsoverhisfaceandfellindropsdownhisnose,anddrenchedhisbackasthoughhehadbeensoakedinwater,hefeltveryhappy。Whatdelightedhimparticularlywasthatnowheknewhewouldbeabletoholdout。
Hispleasurewasonlydisturbedbyhisswathnotbeingwellcut。`Iwillswinglesswithmyarmandmorewithmywholebody,’hethought,comparingTit’sswath,whichlookedasifithadbeencutalongasurveyor’scord,withhisownscatteredandirregularlylyinggrass。
Thefirstswath,asLevinnoticed,Tithadmowedespeciallyquickly,probablywishingtoputhismastertothetest,andtheswathhappenedtobealongone。Thenextswathswereeasier,butstillLevinhadtostraineverynervenottodropbehindthepeasants。
Hethoughtofnothing,wishedfornothing,savenottobeleftbehindthepeasants,andtodohisworkaswellaspossible。Heheardnothingsavetheswishofscythes,andsawbeforehimTit’suprightfiguremowingaway,thecrescent-shapedcurveofthecutgrass,thegrassandflowersslowlyandrhythmicallyfallingbeforethebladeofhisscythe,andaheadofhimtheendoftheswath,wherewouldcometherest。
Suddenly,inthemidstofhistoil,withoutunderstandingwhatitwasorwhenceitcame,hefeltapleasantsensationofchillonhishot,moistshoulders。Heglancedattheskyintheintervalforwhettingthescythes。Aheavy,loweringstormcloudhadblownup,andbigraindropswerefalling。Someofthepeasantswenttotheircoatsandputthemon;others-justlikeLevinhimself-merelyshruggedtheirshoulders,enjoyingthepleasantcoolnessofit。
Anotherswath,andyetanotherswathfollowed-longswathsandshortswaths,withgoodgrassandwithpoorgrass。Levinlostallsenseoftime,andcouldnothavetoldwhetheritwerelateorearlynow。Achangebegantocomeoverhiswork,whichgavehimimmensesatisfaction。Inthemidstofhistoilthereweremomentsduringwhichheforgotwhathewasdoing,anditallcameeasytohim,andatthosesamemomentshisswathwasalmostassmoothandwellcutasTit’s。Butassoonasherecollectedwhathewasdoing,andbegantryingtodobetter,hewasatonceconsciousofallthedifficultyofhistask,andtheswathwasbadlymown。
Onfinishingyetanotherswathhewouldhavegonebacktothetopofthemeadowagaintobeginthenext,butTitstopped,andgoinguptotheoldmansaidsomethinginalowvoicetohim。Theybothlookedatthesun。`Whataretheytalkingabout,andwhydoesn’thegoback?’thoughtLevin,withoutguessingthatthepeasantshadbeenmowingnolessthanfourhourswithoutstopping,andthatitwastimefortheirlunch。
`Lunch,sir,’saidtheoldman。
`Isitreallytime?Lunchitis,then。’
LevingavehisscythetoTit,and,togetherwiththepeasants,whowerecrossingthelongstretchofmowngrass,slightlysprinkledwithrain,togettheirbreadfromtheheapofcoats,hewenttowardhishorse。Onlythendidhesuddenlyawaketothefactthathehadbeenwrongabouttheweatherandthattherainwasdrenchinghishay。
`Thehaywillbespoiled,’hesaid。
`Notabitofit,sir;mowintherain,andyou’llrakeinfineweather!’saidtheoldman。
Levinuntiedhishorseandrodehometohiscoffee。
SergeiIvanovichwasjustgettingup。Whenhehaddrunkhiscoffee,LevinrodebackagaintothemowingbeforeSergeiIvanovichhadhadtimetodressandcomedowntothediningroom。
AfterlunchLevinwasnotinthesameplaceinthestringofmowersasbefore,butstoodbetweentheoldmanwhohadaccostedhimjocosely,andnowinvitedhimtobehisneighbor,andayoungpeasant,whohadonlybeenmarriedintheautumn,andwhowasmowingthissummerforthefirsttime。
Theoldman,holdinghimselferect,movedinfront,withhisfeetturnedout,takinglong,regularstrides,andwithapreciseandregularactionwhichseemedtocosthimnomoreeffortthanswingingone’sarmsinwalking,asthoughitwereinplay,helaiddownthehigh,evenswathofgrass。Itwasasthoughitwerenothebutthesharpscytheofitselfswishingthroughthejuicygrass。
BehindLevincametheladMishka。Hiscomely,youthfulface,withatwistoffreshgrassboundroundhishair,wasallworkingwitheffort;butwheneveranyonelookedathimhesmiled。Hewouldclearlyhavediedsoonerthanownitwashardworkforhim。
Levinkeptbetweenthem。Intheveryheatofthedaythemowingdidnotseemsuchhardworktohim。Theperspirationwithwhichhewasdrenchedcooledhim,whilethesun,thatburnedhisback,hishead,andhisarms,baretotheelbow,gaveavigoranddoggedenergytohislabor;andmoreandmoreoftennowcamethosemomentsofunconsciousness,whenitwaspossiblenottothinkofwhatonewasdoing。Thescythecutofitself。Thesewerehappymoments。Stillmoredelightfulwerethemomentswhentheyreachedthestreamwheretheswathsended,andtheoldmanrubbedhisscythewiththewet,thickgrass,rinseditsbladeinthefreshwaterofthestream,ladledoutalittleinawhetstonecase,andofferedLevinadrink。
`Whatdoyousaytomykvass,eh?Good,eh?’hewouldsay,winking。
AndtrulyLevinhadneverdrunkanyliquorasgoodasthiswarmwaterwithgreenbitsfloatinginit,andatasteofrustfromthetinwhetstonecase。Andimmediatelyafterthiscamethedelicious,slowsaunter,withhishandonthescythe,duringwhichhecouldwipeawaythestreamingsweat,takedeepbreathsofair,andlookaboutatthelongstringofmowers,andatwhatwashappeningaroundintheforestandthefield。
ThelongerLevinmowed,theoftenerhefeltthemomentsofunconsciousnessinwhichitseemedthatitwasnothishandswhichswungthescythe,butthatthescythewasmovingtogetherwithitselfabodyfulloflifeandconsciousnessofitsown;andasthoughbymagic,withoutthinkingofit,theworkturnedoutregularandwell-finishedofitself。Thesewerethemostblissfulmoments。
Itwasonlyhardworkwhenhehadtobreakoffthemotion,whichhadbecomeunconscious,andtothink;whenhehadtomowroundahummockoranunweededtuftofsorrel。Theoldmandidthiseasily。Whenahummockcamehechangedhisaction,andatonetimewiththeheel,andatanotherwiththetipofhisscythe,clippedthehummockroundbothsideswithshortstrokes。Andwhilehedidthishekeptlookingaboutandwatchingwhatcameintohisview:atonemomenthepickedawildberryandateitorofferedittoLevin,thenheflungawayatwigwiththebladeofthescythe,thenhelookedataquail’snest,fromwhichthebirdflewjustunderthescythe,orcaughtasnakethatcrossedhispath,andliftingitonthescytheasthoughonaforkshowedittoLevinandthrewitaway。
ForbothLevinandtheyoungpeasantbehindhim,suchchangesofpositionweredifficult。Bothofthem,repeatingoverandoveragainthesamestrainedmovement,wereinaperfectfrenzyoftoil,andwereincapableofshiftingtheirpositionandatthesametimewatchingwhatwasbeforethem。
Levindidnotnoticehowtimewaspassing。Ifhehadbeenaskedhowlonghehadbeenworkinghewouldhavesaidhalfanhour-yetitwasgettingontodinnertime。Astheywerewalkingbackoverthecutgrass,theoldmancalledLevin’sattentiontothelittlegirlsandboyswhowerecomingfromdifferentdirections,hardlyvisiblethroughthelonggrass,andalongtheroadtowardthemowers,carryingsacksofbreadthatstretchedtheirlittlearms,andluggingsmallpitchersofkvass,stoppedupwithrags。
`Look’eeatthelittledoodlebugscrawling!’hesaid,pointingtothem,andheshadedhiseyeswithhishandtolookatthesun。
Theymowedtwomoreswaths;theoldmanstopped。
`Come,master,dinnertime!’hesaiddecidedly。Andonreachingthestreamthemowersmovedoffacrosstheswathstowardtheirpileofcoats,wherethechildrenwhohadbroughttheirdinnersweresittingwaitingforthem。Thepeasantsgathered-thosewhocamefromafarundertheirtelegas,thosewholivednearunderawillowbush,coveredwithgrass。
Levinsatdownbythem;hefeltdisinclinedtogoaway。
Allconstraintwiththemasterhaddisappearedlongago。Thepeasantsgotreadyfordinner。Somewashed,theyoungladsbathedinthestream,othersmadeaplacecomfortableforarest,untiedtheirsacksofbread,anduncoveredthepitchersofkvass。Theoldmancrumbledupsomebreadinacup,stirreditwiththehandleofaspoon,pouredwateronitfromhiswhetstonecase,brokeupsomemorebread,andhavingseasoneditwithsalt,heturnedtotheeasttosayhisprayer。
`Come,master,tastemysop,’saidhe,kneelingdownbeforethecup。
ThesopwassogoodthatLevingaveuptheideaofgoinghomefordinner。Heatewiththeoldman,andtalkedtohimabouthisfamilyaffairs,takingthekeenestinterestinthem,andtoldhimabouthisownaffairsandallthecircumstancesthatcouldbeofinteresttotheoldman。Hefeltmuchnearertohimthantohisbrother,andcouldnothelpsmilingattheaffectionhefeltforthisman。Whentheoldmangotupagain,saidhisprayer,andlaydownunderabush,puttingsomegrassunderhisheadforapillow,Levindidthesame,and,inspiteoftheclingingfliesthatweresopersistentinthesunshine,andthemidgesthattickledhishotfaceandbody,hefellasleepatonceandonlywakedwhenthesunhadpassedtotheothersideofthebushandreachedhim。Theoldmanhadbeenawakealongwhile,andwassittingupwhettingthescythesoftheyoungerlads。
Levinlookedabouthimandhardlyrecognizedtheplace,everythingwassochanged。Theimmensestretchofmeadowhadbeenmownandwassparklingwithapeculiarfreshbrilliance,withitslinesofalreadysweet-smellinggrassintheslantingraysoftheeveningsun。Andthebushesabouttheriver,mowedaround,andtheriveritself,notvisiblebefore,nowgleaming,likesteelinitsbends,andthemoving,ascendingpeasants,andthesharpwallofgrassoftheunmownpartofthemeadow,andthehawkshoveringoverthestrippedmeadow-allwasperfectlynew。Raisinghimself,Levinbeganconsideringhowmuchhadbeencutandhowmuchmorecouldstillbedonethatday。
Theworkdonewasexceptionallygreatforforty-twomen。Theyhadcutthewholeofthebigmeadow,whichhad,intheyearsofcorvee,takenthirtyscythestwodaystomow。Onlythecornersremainedtodo,wheretheswathswereshort。ButLevinfeltalongingtogetasmuchmowingdonethatdayaspossible,andwasvexedwiththesunsinkingsoquicklyinthesky。Hefeltnoweariness;allhewantedwastogethisworkdonemoreandmorequickly,andasmuchofitaspossible。
`CouldwecuttheMashkinUplandtoo?-whatdoyouthink?’hesaidtotheoldman。
`AsGodwills-thesun’snothigh。Alittlevodkaforthelads?’
Attheafternoonrest,whentheyweresittingdownagain,andthosewhosmokedhadlightedtheirpipes,theoldmantoldthementhat`theMashkinUpland’stobecut-there’llbevodka。’
`Whynotcutit?Comeon,Tit!We’lllooksharp!Wecaneatatnight。Comeon!’voicescriedout,andeatinguptheirbread,themowerswentbacktowork。
`Come,lads,keepitup!’saidTit,andranonaheadalmostatatrot。
`Getalong,getalong!’saidtheoldman,hurryingafterhimandeasilyovertakinghim,`I’llmowtheedown,lookout!’
Andyoungandoldmowedaway,asthoughtheywereracingwithoneanother。Buthoweverfasttheyworked,theydidnotspoilthegrass,andtheswathswerelaidjustasneatlyandexactly。Thelittlepieceleftuncutinthecornerwasmowninfiveminutes。Thelastofthemowerswerejustendingtheirswathswhiletheforemostsnatcheduptheircoatsontotheirshoulders,andcrossedtheroadtowardtheMashkinUpland。
ThesunwasalreadysinkingamongthetreeswhentheywentwiththeirjinglingwhetstonecasesintothewoodedravineoftheMashkinUpland。Thegrasswasuptotheirwaistsinthemiddleofthehollow,lush,tender,andfeathery,spottedhereandthereamongthetreeswithwildheartsease。
Afterabriefconsultation-whethertotaketheswathslengthwiseordiagonally-ProkhorIermilin,alsoadoughtymower,ahuge,black-hairedpeasant,wentonahead。Hewentuptothetop,turnedbackagainandstartedmowing,andtheyallproceededtoforminlinebehindhim,goingdownhillthroughthehollowanduphillrightuptotheedgeoftheforest。Thesunsankbehindtheforest。Thedewwasfallingbynow;themowerswereinthesunonlyonthehillside,butbelow,whereamistwasrising,andontheoppositeside,theymowedintothefresh,dewyshade。Theworkwentrapidly。
Thespicilyfragrantgrasscutwithasucculentsound,wasatoncelaidinhighswaths。Themowersfromallsides,broughtclosertogetherintheshortswath,kepturgingoneanotherontothesoundofjinglingwhetstonecases,andclangingscythes,andthehissofthewhetstonessharpeningthem,andgood-humoredshouts。
Levinstillkeptbetweentheyoungpeasantandtheoldman。Theoldman,whohadputonhisshortsheepskinjacket,wasjustasgood-humored,jocose,andfreeinhismovements。Amongthetreestheywerecontinuallycuttingwiththeirscythestheso-called`birchmushrooms,’swollenfatinthesucculentgrass。Buttheoldmanbentdowneverytimehecameacrossamushroom,pickeditupandputitinhisbosom。`Anotherpresentformyoldwoman,’hewouldsayashedidso。
Easyasitwastomowthewet,lushgrass,itwashardworkgoingupanddownthesteepsidesoftheravine。Butthisdidnottroubletheoldman。Swinginghisscythejustasever,andmovinghisfeetintheirbig,plaitedbastsandals,withfirmshortsteps,heclimbedslowlyupthesteepplace,andthoughhisbreecheshangingoutbelowhissmock,andhiswholeframe,trembledwitheffort,hedidnotmissonebladeofgrassoronemushroomonhisway,andkeptmakingjokeswiththepeasantsandLevin。Levinwalkedafterhimandoftenthoughthemustfall,asheclimbedwithascytheupasteephillock,whereitwouldhavebeenhardworktoclamberevenwithoutthescythe。Butheclimbedupanddidwhathehadtodo。Hefeltasthoughsomeexternalforceweremovinghim。