“Fromacountryfullofrivers。”wasthereply；“somanythatnomancantelltheirnumber，andfulloflargetrees。”
　　ThiswasthefirstactualconfirmationofthereportoftheBakwainsthatthecountrybeyondwasnotthelarge“sandyplateau“ofgeographers。
　　TheprospectofahighwaycapableofbeingtraversedbyboatstoanunexploredfertileregionsofilledthemindofLivingstonethat，whenhecametothelake，thisdiscoveryseemedofcomparativelylittleimportanceTous，indeed，whoseideasofalakeareformedfromSuperiorandHuron，theNgamiseemsbutaninsignificantaffair。
　　Itscircumferencemaybeseventyorahundredmiles，anditsmeandepthisbutafewfeetItliestwothousandfeetabovethelevelofthesea，andasmuchbelowthesouthernborderoftheKalahari，whichslopesgraduallytowardtheinterior。
　　TheirdesiretovisitSebituane，whoseresidencewasconsiderablyfartherintheinterior，wasfrustratedbythejealousyofLechulatebe，achiefnearthelake，andtheexpeditionreturnedtothestationatKolobeng。
　　TheattemptwasrenewedthefollowingyearMrsLivingstone，theirthreechildren，andSecheleaccompaniedhimThelakewasreached。
　　Lechulatebe，propitiatedbythepresentofavaluablegun，agreedtofurnishguidestoSebituane’scountry；butthechildrenandservantsfellill，andtheattemptwasforthetimeabandoned。
　　Athirdexpeditionwassuccessful，althoughthewholepartycamenearperishingforwantofwater，andtheircattle，whichhadbeenbittenbythe`Tsetse’，died。
　　Thisinsectthe`Glossinamoritans’ofthenaturalists
　　deservesaspecialparagraphItisabrowninsectaboutaslargeasourcommonhouse-fly，withthreeorfouryellowbarsacrossitshinderpartAlively，buzzing，harmless-lookingfellowisthetsetseItsbiteproducesaslightitchingsimilartothatcausedbythemosquito，andinthecaseofmenandsomespeciesofanimalsnofurtherilleffectsfollowButwoetothehorse，theox，andthedog，whenoncebittenbythetsetseNoimmediateharmappears；
　　theanimalisnotstartledasbythegad-fly；butinafewdaystheeyesandthenosebegintorun；thejawsandnavelswell；
　　theanimalgrazesforawhileasusual，butgrowsemaciatedandweak，anddies，itmaybe，weeksormonthsafterWhendissected，thecellulartissueseemsinjectedwithair，thefatisgreenandoily，themusclesareflabby，theheartissosoftthatthefingermaybepushedthroughitTheantelopeandbuffalo，thezebraandgoat，arenotaffectedbyitsbite；whiletotheox，thehorse，andthedogitiscertaindeathThemuleanddonkeyarenottroubledbyit，noraresuckingcalves，whiledogs，thoughfeduponmilk，perish。
　　Suchdifferenteffectsproduceduponanimalswhosenatureissimilar，constituteoneofthemostcuriousphenomenainnaturalhistory。
　　Sebituane，whohadheardoftheapproachofhisvisitors，camemorethanahundredmilestomeetthemHewasatall，wiry，coffee-and-milkcoloredman，offive-and-fortyHisoriginalhomewasathousandmilestothesouth，intheBakwaincountry，whencehehadbeendrivenbytheGriquasaquarterofacenturybefore。
　　Heflednorthward，fightinghisway，sometimesreducedtotheutmoststraits，butstillkeepinghispeopletogetherAtlengthhecrossedthedesert，andconqueredthecountryaroundLakeNgami；thenhavingheardofwhitemenlivingonthewestcoast，hepassedsouthwestwardintothedesert，hopingtobeabletoopenintercoursewiththemTheresufferingfromthethirst，hecametoasmallwell；thewaterwasnotsufficientforhismenandhiscattle；oneortheothermustperish；heorderedthementodrink，foriftheysurvivedtheycouldfightformorecattle。
　　Inthemorninghiscattlewereallgone，andhereturnedtothenorth。
　　Herealongcourseofwarfareawaitedhim，butintheendhetriumphedoverhisenemies，andestablishedhimselfforatimeonthegreatriverZambesiHauntedwithalongingforintercoursewiththewhites，heproposedtodescendtherivertotheeasterncoast。
　　Hewasdissuadedfromthispurposebythewarningsofanativeprophet。
　　“Thegodssay，Gonotthither！”hecried；thenturningtothewest，“Iseeacityandanationofblackmenmenofthewater；
　　theircattlearered；thineowntribeareperishing，andwillallbeconsumed；
　　thouwiltgovernblackmen，andwhenthywarriorshavecapturedtheredcattle，letnottheirownersbekilled；theyarethyfuturetribe；
　　letthembesparedtocausetheetobuild。”SoSebituanewentwestward，conqueredtheblacksofanimmenseregion，sparedthelivesofthemen，andmadethemhissubjects，rulingthemgentlyHisoriginalpeoplearecalledtheMakololo；thesubjecttribesarestyledMakalaka。
　　Sebituane，thoughthegreatestwarriorinthesouth，alwaysleadinghismentobattleinperson，wasstillanxiousforpeaceHehadheardofcannon，andhadsomehowacquiredtheideathatifhecouldonlyprocureonehemightliveinquietHereceivedhisvisitorswithmuchfavor。
　　“Yourcattlehaveallbeenbittenbythetsetse。”hesaid，“andwilldie；butnevermind，Iwillgiveyouasmanyasyouwant。”
　　HeofferedtoconductthemthroughhiscountrythattheymightchooseasiteforamissionarystationButatthismomenthefellillofaninflammationofthelungs，fromwhichhesoondied。
　　“Hewas。”writesMrLivingstone，“thebestspecimenofanativechiefIevermet；anditwasimpossiblenottofollowhiminthoughtintotheworldofwhichhehadjustheardwhenhewascalledaway，andtorealizesomewhatofthefeelingofthosewhoprayforthedead。
　　Thedeep，darkquestionofwhatistobecomeofsuchashemustbeleftwherewefindit，believingthatassuredlytheJudgeofalltheearthwilldoright。”
　　Althoughhehadsons，SebituaneleftthechieftainshiptohisdaughterMamochisane，whoconfirmedherfather’spermissionthatthemissionariesmightvisithercountryTheyproceededahundredandthirtymilesfarther，andwererewardedbythediscoveryofthegreatriverZambesi，theveryexistenceofwhich，inCentralAfrica，hadneverbeensuspectedItwasthedryseason，andtheriverwasatitslowest；butitwasfromthreetosixhundredyardsbroad，flowingwithadeepcurrenttowardtheeast。
　　AgranderideathanthemerefoundingofamissionarystationnowdevelopeditselfinthemindofMrLivingstoneEuropeangoodshadjustbeguntobeintroducedintothisregionfromthePortuguesesettlementsonthecoast；atpresentslavesweretheonlycommodityreceivedinpaymentforthemLivingstonethoughtifagreathighwaycouldbeopened，ivory，andtheotherproductsofthecountry，mightbebarteredforthesegoods，andthetrafficinslaveswouldcometoanend。
　　HethereforeresolvedtotakehisfamilytoCapeTown，andthencesendthemtoEngland，whilehereturnedalonetotheinterior，withthepurposeofmakinghiswayeithertotheeastorthewestcoast。
　　HereachedtheCapeinApril，1852，beingthefirsttimeduringelevenyearsthathehadvisitedthescenesofcivilization，andplacedhisfamilyonboardashipboundforEngland，promisingtorejointhemintwoyears。
　　InJunehesetoutfromCapeTownuponthatlongjourneywhichwastooccupyfiveyearsWhenheapproachedthemissionarystationsintheinterior，helearnedthatthelong-threatenedattackbytheBoershadtakenplace。
　　AletterfromSecheletoMrMoffattoldthestoryThusitran：
　　“Friendofmyheart’sloveandofalltheconfidenceofmyheart，IamSecheleIamundonebytheBoers，whoattackedme，thoughIhadnoguiltwiththemTheydemandedthatIshouldbeintheirkingdom，andIrefusedTheydemandedthatIshouldpreventtheEnglishandGriquasfrompassingIreplied，Thesearemyfriends，andIcannotpreventthemTheycameonSaturday，andIbesoughtthemnottofightonSunday，andtheyassentedTheybeganonMondaymorningattwilight，andfiredwithalltheirmight，andburnedthetownwithfire，andscatteredusTheykilledsixtyofmypeople，andcapturedwomen，andchildren，andmenTheytookallthecattleandallthegoodsoftheBakwains；andthehouseofLivingstonetheyplundered，takingawayallhisgoodsOftheBoerswekilledtwenty-eight。”
　　Twohundredchildren，whohadbeengatheredintoschools，werecarriedawayasslavesMrLivingstone’slibrarywaswantonlydestroyed，notcarriedaway；hisstockofmedicineswassmashed，andhisfurnitureandclothingsoldatauctiontodefraytheexpensesoftheforay。
　　MrPretorius，theleaderofthemaraudingparty，diednotlongafter，andanobituarynoticeofhimwaspublished，endingwiththewords，“BlessedarethedeadwhodieintheLord。”
　　Leavinghisdesolatehome，LivingstoneproceededonhisjourneyOnthewayhemetSechele，whowasgoing，hesaid，toseetheQueenofEngland。
　　Livingstonetriedtodissuadehim。
　　“WillnottheQueenlistentome？”askedthechief。
　　“Ibelieveshewouldlisten，butthedifficultyistogettoher。”
　　“Well，Ishallreachher。”
　　AndsotheypartedSecheleactuallymadehiswaytotheCape，adistanceofathousandmiles，butcouldgetnofarther，andreturnedtohisowncountryTheremnantsofthetribeswhohadformerlylivedamongtheBoersgatheredaroundhim，andheisnowmorepowerfulthanever。
　　ItisslowtravelinginAfricaLivingstonewasalmostayearinaccomplishingthe1500milesbetweenCapeTownandthecountryoftheMakololoHefoundthatMamochisane，thedaughterofSebituane，hadvoluntarilyresignedthechieftainshiptoheryoungerbrother，Sekeletu。
　　Shewishedtobemarried，shesaid，andhaveafamilylikeotherwomen。
　　TheyoungchiefSekeletuwasveryfriendly，butshowednodispositiontobecomeaconvertHerefusedtolearntoreadtheBible，forfearitmightchangehisheart，andmakehimcontentwithonlyonewife，likeSecheleForhisparthewantedatleastfive。
　　Somemonthswerepassedinthiscountry，whichisdescribedasfertileandwell-cultivatedproducingmillet，maize，yams，sweetpotatoes，cassava，beans，pumpkins，water-melons，andthelike。
　　Thesugar-canegrowsplentifully，butthepeoplehadneverlearnedtheprocessofmakingsugarTheyhavegreatnumbersofcattle，andgameofvariousspeciesaboundsOnoneoccasionatroopofeighty-onebuffaloesdefiledslowlybeforetheireveningfire，whileherdsofsplendidelandsstood，withoutfear，attwohundredyards’distanceThecountryisratherunhealthy，fromthemassofdecayedvegetationexposedtothetorridsun。
　　Afterdueconsideration，LivingstoneresolvedtomakehiswaytoLoanda，aPortuguesesettlementonthewesterncoastSekeletu，anxioustoopenatradewiththecoast，appointedtwenty-sevenmentoaccompanythetraveler；
　　andonthe11thofNovember，1853，hesetoutonhisjourney。
　　Threeorfoursmallboxescontainedallthebaggageoftheparty。
　　Theonlyprovisionswereafewpoundsofbiscuits，coffee，tea，andsugar；
　　theirmainreliancebeinguponthegamewhichtheyexpectedtokill，and，thisfailing，upontheproceedsofabouttendollars’worthofbeads。
　　Theyalsotookwiththemafewelephants’tusks，whichSekeletusentbywayofatradingventure。
　　Theriverupwhichtheypaddledaboundsinhippopotami。
　　Theseareingeneralharmless，thoughnowandthenasolitaryoldbullwhohasbeenexpelledfromtheherdventshisspleenbypitchingintoeverycanoethatpassesOncetheircanoewasattackedbyafemalewhosecalfhadbeenspeared，andnearlyoverturnedThefemalecarriesheryounguponherback，itslittleroundheadfirstappearingabovethesurfacewhenshecomesuptobreathe。
　　Bytheorderofthechiefthepartyhadbeenfurnishedwitheightoxenforriding，andsevenintendedforslaughterSomeofthetrooppaddledthecanoes，whileothersdrovethecattlealongthebank。
　　Africanetiquetterequiresthatacompanyoftravelers，whentheycomeinsightofavillage，shallseatthemselvesunderatree，andsendforwardamessengertoannouncetheirarrivalandstatetheirobject。
　　Thechiefthengivesthemaceremoniousreception，withabundanceofspeech-makinganddrummingItisnoeasymattertogetawayfromthesevillages，forthechiefsesteemitanhonortohavestrangerswiththemThesedelays，andthefrequentheavyrains，greatlyretardedtheprogressofthetravelers。
　　Theyhadtraveledfourmonths，andaccomplishedhalfoftheirjourneybeforeencounteringanyshowofhostilityfromthetribesthroughwhichtheypassedAchief，namedNjambi，thendemandedtributeforpassingthroughhiscountry；whenthiswasrefusedhesaidthatoneofLivingstone’smenhadspitonthelegofoneofhispeople，andthiscrimemustbepaidforbyafineofaman，anox，oragun。
　　Thisreasonabledemandwaslikewiserefused，andthenativesseemedabouttocommencehostilities；butchangedtheirmindsuponwitnessingthedeterminedattitudeofthestrangersLivingstoneatlastyieldedtotheentreatiesofhismenandgavethemanox，uponthepromisethatfoodshouldbesentinexchangeTheniggardlychiefsentthemonlyasmallbagofmeal，andtwoorthreepoundsofthemeatoftheirownox。
　　Fromthistimetheyweresubjecttofrequentattemptsatextortion。
　　ThelastofthesewasmadeonthebanksoftheRiverQuango，theboundaryofthePortuguesepossessionsABashinjechief，whoseportraitisgivenbyMrLivingstone，madetheusualdemandofaman，agun，oranox，otherwisetheymustreturnthewaytheycameWhilenegotiationswereinprogresstheopportunearrivalofaPortuguesesergeantfreedthetravelersfromtheirtroublesTheriverwascrossed，andonceonPortugueseterritorytheirdifficultieswereover。
　　AtCassange，thefrontiersettlement，theysoldSekeletu’sivory。
　　TheMakololo，whohadbeenaccustomedtogivetwotusksforonegun，weredelightedatthepricestheyobtainedForonetusktheygottwomuskets，threekegsofpowder，largebunchesofbeads，andcalicoandbaizeenoughtoclothealltheparty。
　　Onthe31stofMay，aftermorethansixmonths’travel，LivingstoneandhiscompanionsreachedthePortuguesesea-portofLoanda。
　　TheMakololowerelostinwonderwhentheyfirstcaughtsightofthesea。
　　“Wemarchedalong。”theysaid，“believingthatwhattheancientshadtolduswastrue，thattheworldhasnoend；butallatoncetheworldsaidtous，Iamfinished，thereisnomoreofme。”Stillgreaterwastheirwonderwhentheybeheldthelargestonehousesofthetown“Thesearenothuts。”
　　theysaid，“butmountainswithcavesinthem。”Livingstonehadinvaintriedtomakethemcomprehendahouseoftwostories。
　　Theyknewofnodwellingsexcepttheirownconicalhuts，madeofpolesstuckintotheground，andcouldnotconceivehowonehutcouldbebuiltonthetopofanother，orhowpeoplecouldliveintheupperstory，withthepointedroofoftheloweronestickingupinthemiddleofthefloor。
　　Thevesselsintheharborwere，theysaid，notcanoes，buttowns，intowhichonemustclimbbyarope。