and，thoughratheroutofplace，itmaybewellwhilenoticingacleverimitationofoneprocessinnaturebytheCapefarmers
　　tosuggestanotherfortheirconsiderationThecountrybeyondsouthlat18Degaboundsinthreevarietiesofgrape-bearingvines，andoneoftheseisfurnishedwithoblongtuberseverythreeorfourinchesalongthehorizontalrootTheyresemblecloselythoseoftheasparagus。
　　ThisincreaseofpowertowithstandtheeffectsofclimatemightproveofvalueinthemorearidpartsoftheCapecolony，grapesbeingwellknowntobeanexcellentrestorativeinthedebilityproducedbyheat：byingrafting，orbysomeofthosecuriousmanipulationswhichwereadofinbooksongardening，avarietymightbesecuredbetteradaptedtothecountrythantheforeignvinesatpresentcultivated。
　　TheAmericansfindthatsomeoftheirnativevinesyieldwinessuperiortothosemadefromtheverybestimportedvinesfromFranceandPortugal。
　　WhataboonavineofthesortcontemplatedwouldhavebeentoaRhenishmissionaryImetatapartinthewestofthecolonycalledEbenezer，whosechildrenhadneverseenflowers，thougholdenoughtotalkaboutthem！
　　TheslowpaceatwhichwewoundourwaythroughthecolonymadealmostanysubjectinterestingTheattentionisattractedtothenamesofdifferentplaces，becausetheyindicatetheformerexistenceofbuffaloes，elands，andelephants，whicharenowtobefoundonlyhundredsofmilesbeyond。
　　Afewblesbucks`Antilopepygarga’，gnus，bluebucks`Acerulea’，steinbucks，andtheostrich`Struthiocamelus’，continue，liketheBushmen，tomaintainaprecariousexistencewhenalltherestaregone。
　　Theelephant，themostsagacious，fleesthesoundoffire-armsfirst；
　　thegnuandostrich，themostwaryandthemoststupid，last。
　　ThefirstemigrantsfoundtheHottentotsinpossessionofprodigiousherdsoffinecattle，butnohorses，asses，orcamels。
　　Theoriginalcattle，whichmaystillbeseeninsomepartsofthefrontier，musthavebeenbroughtsouthfromthenorth-northeast，forfromthispointthenativesuniversallyascribetheiroriginalmigration。
　　Theybroughtcattle，sheep，goats，anddogs；whynotthehorse，thedelightofsavagehordes？HorsesthrivewellintheCapeColonywhenimportedNaturalistspointoutcertainmountainrangesaslimitingthehabitatofcertainclassesofanimals；
　　butthereisnoCordillerainAfricatoanswerthatpurpose，therebeingnovisiblebarrierbetweenthenortheasternArabsandtheHottentottribestopreventthedifferenthordes，astheyfelttheirwaysouthward，fromindulgingtheirtasteforthepossessionofthisnobleanimal。
　　Iamhereledtonoticeaninvisiblebarrier，moreinsurmountablethanmountainranges，butwhichisnotopposedtothesouthernprogressofcattle，goats，andsheepThetsetsewouldproveabarrieronlyuntilitswell-definedhabitatwasknown，butthediseasepassingunderthetermofhorse-sicknessperipneumoniaexistsinsuchvirulenceovernearlysevendegreesoflatitudethatnoprecautionwouldbesufficienttosavetheseanimalsThehorseissoliabletothisdisease，thatonlybygreatcareinstablingcanhebekeptanywherebetween20Degand27DegSduringthetimebetweenDecemberandApril。
　　Thewinter，beginninginthelattermonth，istheonlyperiodinwhichEnglishmencanhuntonhorseback，andtheyareindangeroflosingalltheirstudssomemonthsbeforeDecemberTothisdiseasethehorseisespeciallyexposed，anditisalmostalwaysfatal。
　　Oneattack，however，seemstosecureimmunityfromasecondCattle，too，aresubjecttoit，butonlyatintervalsofafew，sometimesmanyyears；
　　butitnevermakesacleansweepofthewholecattleofavillage，asitwoulddoofatroopoffiftyhorsesThisbarrier，then，seemstoexplaintheabsenceofthehorseamongtheHottentots，thoughitisnotopposedtothesouthernmigrationofcattle，sheep，andgoats。
　　Whenthefleshofanimalsthathavediedofthisdiseaseiseaten，itcausesamalignantcarbuncle，which，whenitappearsoveranyimportantorgan，provesrapidlyfatalItismoreespeciallydangerousoverthepitofthestomachTheeffectsofthepoisonhavebeenexperiencedbymissionarieswhohadeatenproperlycookedfood，thefleshofsheepreallybutnotvisiblyaffectedbythedisease。
　　ThevirusinthefleshoftheanimalisdestroyedneitherbyboilingnorroastingThisfact，ofwhichwehavehadinnumerableexamples，showsthesuperiorityofexperimentsonalargescaletothoseofacuteandablephysiologistsandchemistsinthelaboratory，forawellknownphysicianofParis，aftercarefulinvestigation，consideredthatthevirusinsuchcaseswascompletelyneutralizedbyboiling。
　　ThisdiseaseattackswildanimalstooDuringourresidenceatChonuangreatnumbersoftolos，orkoodoos，wereattractedtothegardensoftheBakwains，abandonedattheusualperiodofharvestbecausetherewasnoprospectofthecorn`Holcussorghum’bearingthatyear。
　　Thekoodooisremarkablyfondofthegreenstalksofthiskindofmillet。
　　Freefeedingproducedthatstateoffatnessfavorableforthedevelopmentofthisdisease，andnofewerthantwenty-fivediedonthehilloppositeourhouseGreatnumbersofgnusandzebrasperishedfromthesamecause，butthemortalityproducednosensiblediminutioninthenumbersofthegame，anymorethanthedeathsofmanyoftheBakwainswhopersisted，inspiteofeveryremonstrance，ineatingthedeadmeat，causedanysensibledecreaseinthestrengthofthetribe。
　　ThefarmsoftheBoersconsistgenerallyofasmallpatchofcultivatedlandinthemidstofsomemilesofpasturageTheyarethuslessanagriculturalthanapastoralpeopleEachfarmmusthaveitsfountain；
　　andwherenosuchsupplyofwaterexists，thegovernmentlandsareunsalableAnacreinEnglandisthusgenerallymorevaluablethanasquaremileinAfricaButthecountryisprosperous，andcapableofgreatimprovementTheindustryoftheBoersaugurswellforthefutureformationofdamsandtanks，andforthegreaterfruitfulnessthatwouldcertainlyfollow。
　　Ascattleandsheepfarmersthecolonistsareverysuccessful。
　　Largerandlargerquantitiesofwoolareproducedannually，andthevalueofcolonialfarmsincreasesyearbyyear。
　　ButthesystemrequiresthatwiththeincreaseofthepopulationthereshouldbeanextensionofterritoryWideasthecountryis，andthinlyinhabited，thefarmersfeelittobetoolimited，andtheyaregraduallyspreadingtothenorthThismovementprovesprejudicialtothecountrybehind，forlabor，whichwouldbedirectedtotheimprovementofthecolony，iswithdrawnandexpendedinamodeoflifelittleadaptedtotheexerciseofindustrialhabitsThat，however，doesnotmuchconcerntherestofmankindNordoesitseemmuchofanevilformenwhocultivatethesoiltoclaimarighttoappropriatelandsfortillagewhichothermenonlyhuntover，providedsomecompensationforthelossofsustenancebeawardedTheoriginalideaofatitleseemstohavebeenthat“subduing“orcultivatinggavethatright。
　　ButthisratherChartistprinciplemustbereceivedwithlimitations，foritsrecognitioninEnglandwouldleadtotheseizureofallourbroadancestralacresbythosewhoarewillingtocultivatethem。
　　And，inthecaseunderconsideration，theencroachmentsleadatoncetolesslandbeingputundertheplowthanissubjectedtothenativehoe，foritisafactthattheBasutosandZulus，orCaffresofNatal，cultivatelargely，andundersellourfarmerswherevertheyhaveafairfieldandnofavor。
　　BeforewecametotheOrangeRiverwesawthelastportionofamigrationofspringbucks`Gazellaeuchore’，ortsepe。
　　TheycomefromthegreatKalahariDesert，and，whenfirstseenaftercrossingthecolonialboundary，aresaidoftentoexceedfortythousandinnumber。
　　Icannotgiveanestimateoftheirnumbers，fortheyappearspreadoveravastexpanseofcountry，andmakeaquiveringmotionastheyfeed，andmove，andtosstheirgracefulhornsTheyfeedchieflyongrass；
　　andastheycomefromthenorthaboutthetimewhenthegrassmostabounds，itcannotbewantoffoodthatpromptsthemovement。
　　Norisitwantofwater，forthisantelopeisoneofthemostabstemiousinthatrespectTheirnaturepromptsthemtoseekastheirfavoritehauntslevelplainswithshortgrass，wheretheymaybeabletowatchtheapproachofanenemyTheBakalaharitakeadvantageofthisfeeling，andburnofflargepatchesofgrass，notonlytoattractthegamebythenewcropwhenitcomesup，butalsotoformbarespotsforthespringbucktorangeover。
　　ItisnotthespringbuckalonethatmanifeststhisfeelingWhenoxenaretakenintoacountryofhighgrass，theyaremuchmorereadytobestartled；
　　theirsenseofdangerisincreasedbytheincreasedpowerofconcealmentaffordedtoanenemybysuchcover，andtheywilloftenstartoffinterrorattheill-definedoutlinesofeachotherThespringbuck，possessingthisfeelinginanintensedegree，andbeingeminentlygregarious，becomesuneasyasthegrassoftheKalaharibecomestall。
　　Thevegetationbeingmoresparseinthemorearidsouth，naturallyinducesthedifferentherdstoturninthatdirection。
　　Astheyadvanceandincreaseinnumbers，thepasturagebecomesmorescarce；
　　itisstillmoresothefurthertheygo，untiltheyareatlastobliged，inordertoobtainthemeansofsubsistence，tocrosstheOrangeRiver，andbecomethepestofthesheep-farmerinacountrywhichcontainsscarcelyanyoftheirfavoritegrassyfoodIftheylightonafieldofwheatintheirway，anarmyoflocustscouldnotmakeacleanersweepofthewholethantheywilldoItisquestionablewhethertheyeverreturn，astheyhaveneverbeenseenasareturningbodyManyperishfromwantoffood，thecountrytowhichtheyhavemigratedbeingunabletosupportthem；therestbecomescatteredoverthecolony；
　　andinsuchawidecountrythereisnolackofroomforall。
　　Itisprobablethat，notwithstandingthecontinueddestructionbyfire-arms，theywillcontinuelongtoholdtheirplace。
　　OncrossingtheOrangeRiverwecomeintoindependentterritoryinhabitedbyGriquasandBechuanasByGriquasismeantanymixedracesprungfromnativesandEuropeansThoseinquestionwereofDutchextraction，throughassociationwithHottentotandBushwomen。
　　Half-castesofthefirstgenerationconsiderthemselvessuperiortothoseofthesecond，andallpossessinsomedegreethecharacteristicsofbothparentsTheyweregovernedformanyyearsbyanelectedchief，namedWaterboer，who，bytreaty，receivedasmallsumperannumfromthecolonialgovernmentforthesupportofschoolsinhiscountry，andprovedamostefficientguardofournorthwestboundary。
　　Cattle-stealingwastotallyunknownduringthewholeperiodofthisablechief’sreign；andheactuallydroveback，single-handed，aformidableforceofmaraudingMantateesthatthreatenedtoinvadethecolony。*ButforthatbraveChristianman，Waterboer，thereiseveryhumanprobabilitythatthenorthwestwouldhavegiventhecolonistsasmuchtroubleastheeasternfrontier；
　　forlargenumbersamongtheoriginalGriquashadaslittlescrupleaboutrobbingfarmersofcattleastheCaffresarereputedtohave。
　　OntheelectionofWaterboertothechieftainship，hedistinctlydeclaredTHATNOMARAUDINGSHOULDBEALLOWEDAsthegovernmentofnoneofthesetribesisdespotic，someofhisprincipalmen，inspiteofthisdeclaration，plunderedsomevillagesofCorannaslivingtothesouthoftheOrangeRiverHeimmediatelyseizedsixoftheringleaders，and，thoughthestepputhisownpositioninjeopardy，hesummonedhiscouncil，tried，condemned，andpubliclyexecutedthewholesixThisproducedaninsurrection，andtheinsurgentstwiceattackedhiscapital，GriquaTown，withtheintentionofdeposinghim；
　　buthebravelydefeatedbothattempts，andfromthatdayforth，duringhislongreignofthirtyyears，notasingleplunderingexpeditioneverlefthisterritoryHavingwitnessedthedeleteriouseffectsoftheintroductionofardentspiritsamonghispeople，he，withcharacteristicenergy，decreedthatanyBoerorGriquabringingbrandyintothecountryshouldhavehispropertyinardentspiritsconfiscatedandpouredoutonthegroundTheGriquachiefslivingfarthereastwereunabletocarrythislawintoeffectashedid，hencethegreaterfacilitywithwhichBoersinthatdirectiongottheGriquastopartwiththeirfarms。
　　*Foranaccountofthis，seeMoffat’s“ScenesandLaborsinSouthAfrica“。