Itconsistedofgreatquantitiesofcottoncloth，alargecarpet，anarm-chairwithacanopyandcurtainsofcrimsoncalico，anironbedstead，mosquitocurtains，beads，etc。，andanumberofpicturesrudelypaintedinoilbyanembryoblackpainteratCassange。
Matiamvo，likemostofthenativesintheinteriorofthecountry，hasastrongdesiretopossessacannon，andhadsenttenlargetuskstopurchaseone；but，beinggovernmentproperty，itcouldnotbesold：
hewasnowfurnishedwithablunderbuss，mountedasacannon，whichwouldprobablypleasehimaswell。
SenhorGracaandsomeotherPortuguesehavevisitedthischiefatdifferenttimes；butnoEuropeanresidesbeyondtheQuango；
indeed，itiscontrarytothepolicyofthegovernmentofAngolatoallowtheirsubjectstopenetratefurtherintotheinteriorThepresentwouldhavebeenagoodopportunityformetohavevisitedthatchief，andIfeltstronglyinclinedtodoso，ashehadexpresseddissatisfactionrespectingmytreatmentbytheChiboque，andeventhreatenedtopunishthem。
Asitwouldbeimpropertoforcemymentogothither，Iresolvedtowaitandseewhetherthepropositionmightnotemanatefromthemselves。
WhenIcangetthenativestoagreeintheproprietyofanystep，theygototheendoftheaffairwithoutamurmurIspeaktothemandtreatthemasrationalbeings，andgenerallygetonwellwiththeminconsequence。
IhavealreadyremarkedontheunhealthinessofCassange；
andCaptainNeves，whopossessesanobservingturnofmind，hadnoticedthatalwayswhenthewestwindblowsmuchfeverimmediatelyfollows。
Aslongaseasterlywindsprevail，allenjoygoodhealth；
butinJanuary，February，March，andApril，thewindsarevariable，andsicknessisgeneralTheunhealthinessofthewesterlywindsprobablyresultsfrommalaria，appearingtobeheavierthancommonair，andsweepingdownintothevalleyofCassangefromthewesternplateau，somewhatinthesamewayasthecarbonicacidgasfrombean-fieldsissupposedbycollierstodointocoal-pitsInthewestofScotlandstrongobjectionsaremadebythatbodyofmentofarmersplantingbeansintheirvicinity，fromthebeliefthattheyrendertheminesunhealthy。
ThegravitationofthemalariafromthemoreelevatedlandofTalaMungongotowardCassangeistheonlywaytheunhealthinessofthisspotontheprevalenceofthewesterlywindscanbeaccountedfor。
ThebanksoftheQuango，thoughmuchmoremarshy，andcoveredwithrankervegetation，arecomparativelyhealthy；butthitherthewesterlywinddoesnotseemtoconveythenoxiousagent。
FEB20THOnthedayofstartingfromCassange，thewesterlywindblewstrongly，andonthedayfollowingwewerebroughttoastandbyseveralofourpartybeinglaidupwithfeverThiscomplaintistheonlyseriousdrawbackAngolapossessesItisineveryotherrespectanagreeableland，andadmirablyadaptedforyieldingarichabundanceoftropicalproducefortherestoftheworld。
Indeed，Ihavenohesitationinassertingthat，haditbeeninthepossessionofEngland，itwouldnowhavebeenyieldingasmuchormoreoftherawmaterialforhermanufacturesasanequalextentofterritoryinthecotton-growingstatesofAmerica。
ArailwayfromLoandatothisvalleywouldsecurethetradeofmostoftheinteriorofSouthCentralAfrica。*
*Thefollowingstatisticsmaybeofinteresttomercantilemen。
Theyshowthatsincetherepressionoftheslave-tradeinAngolathevalueoftheexportsinlawfulcommercehassteadilyaugmented。
Wehavenoreturnssince1850，buttheprosperityoflegitimatetradehassufferednocheckThedutiesarenotedinPortuguesemoney，“milreis“，eachofwhichisaboutthreeshillingsinvalue。
ReturnoftheQuantitiesandValueoftheStapleArticles，theProduceoftheProvinceofANGOLA，exportedfromSTPAULDELOANDAbetweenJuly1，1848，andJune30，1849，specifyingtheQuantitiesandValueofthoseexportedinPortugueseShipsandinShipsofotherNations。
Milreis。Milreis。Milreis。Milreis。Milreis。
*Thisfigurewasoriginallymiscalculatedas718，763420，whichprobablyaffecteditsconversionintoPoundsAL。，1997。
NetRevenueRevenuefromTotalNetTotalAmount
YearsofCustomsotherSourcesRevenueofCharges
TheaboveaccountexhibitsthetotalrevenueandchargesofthegovernmentofStPauldeLoandaineachyear，from1844-45to1848-49，bothincluded。
TheabovethreetablesarecopiedfromtheappendixtoadispatchsentbyMrGabrieltoViscountPalmerston，datedthe5thofAugust，1850，and，amongotherfactsofinterest，showaverysatisfactorydiminutioninthedutiesuponslaves。
Thereturnsfrom1818to1844havebeenobtainedfromdifferentsourcesastheaveragerevenue；thosefrom1844to1849arefromtheCustom-houserecords。
AssoonaswecouldmovetowardtheQuangowedidso，meetinginourcourseseveraltrading-parties，bothnativeandPortugueseWemettwoofthelattercarryingatuskweighing126lbsTheownerafterwardinformedusthatitsfellowontheleftsideofthesameelephantwas130lbs。
Itwas8feet6-1/2incheslong，and21inchesincircumferenceatthepartonwhichthelipoftheanimalrestsTheelephantwasratherasmallone，asiscommoninthishotcentralregion。
Someideamaybeformedofthestrengthofhisneckwhenitisrecollectedthatheboreaweightof256lbsTheivorywhichcomesfromtheeastandnortheastofCassangeisverymuchlargerthananytobefoundfurthersouthCaptainNeveshadoneweighing120lbs。，andthisweightisbynomeansuncommonTheyhavebeenfoundweighingeven158lbs。
BeforereachingtheQuangowewereagainbroughttoastandbyfeverintwoofmycompanions，closetotheresidenceofaPortuguesewhorejoicedinthenameofWilliamTell，andwholivedhereinspiteoftheprohibitionofthegovernmentWewereusingthewaterofapond，andthisgentleman，havingcometoinvitemetodinner，drankalittleofit，andcaughtfeverinconsequenceIfmalariousmatterexistedinwater，itwouldhavebeenawonderhadweescaped；
for，travelinginthesun，withthethermometerfrom96Degreesto98Degreesintheshade，theevaporationfromourbodiescausingmuchthirst，wegenerallypartookofeverywaterwecametoWehadprobablythusmorediseasethanothersmightsufferwhohadbettershelter。
MrTellremarkedthathisgardenwasratherbarren，beingstill，ashesaid，wild；butwhenmoreworkeditwouldbecomebetter，thoughnomanurebeappliedMymenwerebusycollectingabetterbreedoffowlsandpigeonsthanthoseintheirowncountry。
MrTellpresentedthemwithsomelargespecimensfromRioJaneiro。
Ofthesetheywerewonderfullyproud，andborethecockintriumphthroughthecountryoftheBalonda，asevidenceofhavingbeentothesea。
ButwhenatthevillageofShinte，ahyaenacameintoourmidstwhenwewereallsoundasleep，andpickedoutthegiantinhisbasketfromeighty-fourothers，andhewaslost，tothegreatgriefofmymen。
Theanxietythesepeoplehavealwaysshowntoimprovethebreedoftheirdomesticanimalsis，Ithink，afavorablepointintheircharacter。
OnlookingatthecommonbreedsinthepossessionofthePortuguese，whicharemerelynativecattle，andseeingthemslaughterbothheifer-calvesandcows，whichtheythemselvesneverdo，andlikewisemakingnouseofthemilk，theyconcludedthatthePortuguesemustbeaninferiorraceofwhitemenTheyneverceasedremarkingonthefinegroundforgardensoverwhichwewerepassing；andwhenIhappenedtomentionthatmostoftheflourwhichthePortugueseconsumedcamefromanothercountry，theyexclaimed，“Aretheyignorantoftillage？”
“Theyknownothingbutbuyingandselling：theyarenotmen。”
IhopeitmayreachtheearsofmyAngolesefriends，andthattheymaybestirreduptodeveloptheresourcesoftheirfinecountry。
OncomingbacktoCypriano’svillageonthe28th，wefoundthathisstep-fatherhaddiedafterwehadpassed，and，accordingtothecustomofthecountry，hehadspentmorethanhispatrimonyinfuneralorgiesHeactedwithhiswontedkindness，though，unfortunately，drinkinghasgothimsodeeplyindebtthathenowkeepsoutofthewayofhiscreditorsHeinformedusthatthesourceoftheQuangoiseightdays，oronehundredmiles，tothesouthofthis，andinarangecalledMosamba，inthecountryoftheBasongoWecanseefromthisasortofbreakinthehighlandwhichstretchesawayroundtoTalaMongongo，throughwhichtherivercomes。
Adeathhadoccurredinavillageaboutamileoff，andthepeoplewerebusybeatingdrumsandfiringgunsThefuneralritesarehalffestive，halfmourning，partakingsomewhatofthecharacterofanIrishwake。
Thereisnothingmoreheart-rendingthantheirdeathwails。
Whenthenativesturntheireyestothefutureworld，theyhaveaviewcheerlessenoughoftheirownutterhelplessnessandhopelessness。
Theyfancythemselvescompletelyinthepowerofthedisembodiedspirits，andlookupontheprospectoffollowingthemasthegreatestofmisfortunes。
Hencetheyareconstantlydeprecatingthewrathofdepartedsouls，believingthat，iftheyareappeased，thereisnoothercauseofdeathbutwitchcraft，whichmaybeavertedbycharmsThewholeofthecoloredpopulationofAngolaaresunkinthesegrosssuperstitions，buthavetheopinion，notwithstanding，thattheyarewiserinthesemattersthantheirwhiteneighborsEachtribehasaconsciousnessoffollowingitsownbestinterestsinthebestwayTheyarebynomeansdestituteofthatself-esteemwhichissocommoninothernations；
yettheyfearallmannerofphantoms，andhavehalf-developedideasandtraditionsofsomethingorother，theyknownotwhat。
Thepleasuresofanimallifeareeverpresenttotheirmindsasthesupremegood；and，butfortheinnumerableinvisibilities，theymightenjoytheirluxuriousclimateasmuchasitispossibleformantodo。
Ihaveoftenthought，intravelingthroughtheirland，thatitpresentspicturesofbeautywhichangelsmightenjoyHowoftenhaveIbeheld，instillmornings，scenestheveryessenceofbeauty，andallbathedinaquietairofdeliciouswarmth！yettheoccasionalsoftmotionimpartedapleasingsensationofcoolnessasofafanGreengrassymeadows，thecattlefeeding，thegoatsbrowsing，thekidsskipping，thegroupsofherd-boyswithminiaturebows，arrows，andspears；
thewomenwendingtheirwaytotheriverwithwatering-potspoisedjauntilyontheirheads；mensewingundertheshadybanians；
andoldgray-headedfatherssittingontheground，withstaffinhand，listeningtothemorninggossip，whileotherscarrytreesorbranchestorepairtheirhedges；andallthis，floodedwiththebrightAfricansunshine，andthebirdssingingamongthebranchesbeforetheheatofthedayhasbecomeintense，formpictureswhichcanneverbeforgotten。
WewereinformedthatachiefnamedGando，livingontheothersideoftheriver，havingbeenaccusedofwitchcraft，waskilledbytheordeal，andhisbodythrownintotheQuango。
Theferrymendemandedthirtyyardsofcalico，butreceivedsixthankfully。
Thecanoeswerewretched，carryingonlytwopersonsatatime；
butmymenbeingwellacquaintedwiththewater，weallgotoverinabouttwohoursandahalfTheyexcitedtheadmirationoftheinhabitantsbythemannerinwhichtheymanagedthecattleanddonkeysincrossing。
Themoststubbornofbeastsfoundhimselfpowerlessintheirhands。
Fiveorsix，seizingholdonone，bundledhimatonceintothestream，and，inthispredicament，healwaysthoughtitbestpolicytogiveinandswimThemensometimesswamalongwiththecattle，andforcedthemtogoonbydashingwaterattheirheadsThedifferencebetweenmymenandthoseofthenativetraderswhoaccompanieduswasnevermoreapparentthannow；for，whilemymenfeltaninterestineverythingwepossessedincommon，theirswererathergladwhentheoxenrefusedtocross，for，beingobligedtoslaughterthemonsuchoccasions，thelosstotheirmasterswasawelcomefeasttothemselves。
OntheeasternsideoftheQuangowepassedon，withoutvisitingourfriendoftheconicalhead-dress，totheresidenceofsomeAmbakistaswhohadcrossedtheriverinordertosecurethefirstchancesoftradeinwax。
IhavebeforeremarkedontheknowledgeofreadingandwritingthattheseAmbakistaspossess；theyarefamedfortheirloveofallsortsoflearningwithintheirreach，aknowledgeofthehistoryofPortugal，Portugueselaw，etc。，etcTheyareremarkablykeenintrade，andaresometimescalledtheJewsofAngolaTheyareemployedasclerksandwriters，theirfemininedelicacyofconstitutionenablingthemtowriteafinelady’shand，akindofwritingmuchesteemedamongthePortuguese。
TheyarenotphysicallyequaltotheEuropeanPortuguese，butpossessconsiderableability；anditissaidthathalf-castes，inthecourseofafewgenerations，returntotheblackcolorofthematernalancestor。
TheblackpopulationofAngolahasbecomemuchdeteriorated。
Theyarenotsostronglyformedastheindependenttribes。
Alargequantityofaguardiente，aninferiorkindofspirit，isimportedintothecountry，whichismostinjuriousinitseffects。
Wesawmanypartiescarryingcasksofthisbanefulliquortotheindependentchiefsbeyond；andwereinformedthatitisdifficultforanytradertoconveyitfar，carriersbeinginthehabitofhelpingthemselvesbymeansofastraw，andtheninjectinganequalamountofwaterwhennearthepointofdeliveryTopreventthis，itiscommontoseelargedemijohnswithpadlocksonthecorksThesearefrequentlystolen。
Infact，thecarriersaremuchaddictedtobothlyingandthieving，asmightbeexpectedfromthelowestclassofapeopleonwhomthedebasingslavesystemhasactedfortwocenturies