Therewereindeedsomedarkspots，whichastimegoesonappeardarker。AtTrinityCollege，Cambridge，Whewell，the“omniscient。”authoroftheHistoryoftheInductiveSciences，refusedtoallowacopyoftheOriginofSpeciestobeplacedinthelibrary。Atmultitudesofinstitutionsundertheologicalcontrol——ProtestantaswellasCatholic——attemptsweremadetostampoutortostifleevolutionaryteaching。EspeciallywasthistrueforatimeinAmerica，andthecaseoftheAmericanCollegeatBeyrout，wherenearlyalltheyoungerprofessorsweredismissedforadheringtoDarwin’sviews，isworthyofremembrance。ThetreatmentofDr。WinchellattheVanderbiltUniversityinTennesseeshowedthesamespirit；oneofthetruestofmen，devotedtosciencebutofdeeplyChristianfeeling，hewasdrivenforthforviewswhichcentredintheDarwiniantheory。
　　StillmorestrikingwasthecaseofDr。Woodrow。Hehad，about1857，beenappointedtoaprofessorshipofNaturalScienceasconnectedwithRevealedReligion，inthePresbyterianSeminaryatColumbia，SouthCarolina。HewasadevotedChristianman，andhistraininghadledhimtoacceptthePresbyterianstandardsoffaith。WithgreatgiftsforscientificstudyhevisitedEurope，madeamostconscientiousexaminationofthemainquestionsunderdiscussion，andadoptedthechiefpointsinthedoctrineofevolutionbynaturalselection。Astrugglesoonbegan。A
　　movementhostiletohimgrewmoreandmoredetermined，andatlast，inspiteoftheeffortsmadeinhisbehalfbythedirectorsoftheseminaryandbyalargeandbroad-mindedminorityintherepresentativebodiescontrollingit，anorthodoxstorm，raisedbythedelegatesfromvariousPresbyterianbodies，drovehimfromhispost。Fortunately，hewasreceivedintoaprofessorshipattheUniversityofSouthCarolina，wherehehassincetaughtwithmorepowerthaneverbefore。
　　ThistestimonytothefaithbyAmericanprovincialProtestantismwasveryproperlyechoedfromSpanishprovincialCatholicism。Intheyear1878aSpanishcolonialmanofscience，Dr。ChilyMarango，publishedaworkontheCanaryIslands。ButDr。Chilhadtheimprudencetosketch，inhisintroduction，themodernhypothesisofevolution，andtoexhibitsomeproofs，foundintheCanaryIslands，ofthebarbarismofprimitiveman。Theecclesiasticalauthorities，undertheleadofBishopUrquinaonayBidot，atoncegrappledwiththisnewidea。Byasolemnacttheydeclaredit“falsa，impia，scandalosa“；allpersonspossessingcopiesoftheworkwereorderedtosurrenderthematoncetotheproperecclesiastics，andtheauthorwasplacedunderthemajorexcommunication。
　　Butallthisoppositionmaybereckonedamongthelastexpiringconvulsionsoftheoldtheologictheory。EvenfromthenewCatholicUniversityatWashingtonhascomeanutteranceinfavourofthenewdoctrine，andinotheruniversitiesintheOldWorldandintheNewthedoctrineofevolutionbynaturalselectionhasasserteditsrighttofullandhonestconsideration。Morethanthis，itisclearlyevidentthatthestrongermenintheChurchhave，intheselatterdays，notonlyrelinquishedthestruggleagainstscienceinthisfield，buthavedeterminedfranklyandmanfullytomakeanalliancewithit。Intwoveryremarkablelecturesgivenin1892attheparishchurchofRochdale，Wilson，ArchdeaconofManchester，notonlyacceptedDarwinismastrue，butwroughtitwithgreatargumentativepowerintoahigherviewofChristianity；andwhatisofgreatsignificance，thesesermonswerepublishedbythesameSocietyforthePromotionofChristianKnowledgewhichonlyafewyearsbeforehadpublishedthemostbitterattacksagainsttheDarwiniantheory。So，too，duringtheyear1893，Prof。HenryDrummond，whosepraiseisinallthedissentingchurches，developedasimilarviewmostbrilliantlyinaseriesoflecturesdeliveredbeforetheAmericanChautauquaschools，andpublishedinoneofthemostwidespreadofEnglishorthodoxnewspapers。
　　Whateveradditionalfactorsmaybeaddedtonaturalselection——andDarwinhimselffullyadmittedthattheremightbeothers——thetheoryofanevolutionprocessintheformationoftheuniverseandofanimatednatureisestablished，andtheoldtheoryofdirectcreationisgoneforever。Inplaceofitsciencehasgivenusconceptionsfarmorenoble，andopenedthewaytoanargumentfordesigninfinitelymorebeautifulthananyeverdevelopedbytheology。[24]
　　[24]ForthecausesofbitternessshownregardingtheDarwinianhypothesis，seeReusch，BibelundNatur，vol。ii，pp。46etseq。
　　ForhostilityintheUnitedStatesregardingtheDarwiniantheory，see，amongamultitudeofwriters，thefollowing：Dr。
　　CharlesHodge，ofPrinceton，monograph，WhatisDarwinism？NewYork，1874；alsohisSystematicTheology，NewYork，1872，vol。ii，part2，Anthropology；alsoTheLightbywhichweseeLight，orNatureandtheScriptures，VedderLectures，1875，RutgersCollege，NewYork，1875；alsoPositivismandEvolutionism，intheAmericanCatholicQuarterly，October1877，pp。607，619；andinthesamenumber，ProfessorHuxleyandEvolution，byRev。A。M。
　　Kirsch，pp。662，664；TheLogicofEvolution，byProf。EdwardF。
　　X。McSweeney，D。D。，July，1879，p。561；DasHexaemeronunddieGeologie，vonP。Eirich，PastorinAlbany，N。Y。，LutherischerConcordia-Verlag，St。Louis，Mo。，1878，pp。81，82，84，92-94；
　　EvolutionismrespectingManandtheBible，byJohnT。Duffield，ofPrinceton，January，1878，PrincetonReview，pp。151，153，154，158，159，160，188；aLectureonEvolution，beforetheNineteenthCenturyClubofNewYork，May25，1886，byex-
　　PresidentNoahPorter，pp。4，26-29。ForthelaudatorynoticeoftheRev。E。F。Burr’sdemolitionofevolutioninhisbookPaterMundi，seeMonthlyReligiousMagazine，Boston，May，1873，p。492。
　　ConcerningtheremovalofDr。JamesWoodrow，ProfessorofNaturalScienceintheColumbiaTheologicalSeminary，seeEvolutionorNot，intheNewYorkWeeklySun，October24，1888。ForthedealingsofSpanishecclesiasticswithDr。ChilandhisDarwinianexposition，seetheRevued’Anthropologie，citedintheAcademyforApril6，1878；seealsotheCatholicWorld，xix，433，A
　　DiscussionwithanInfidel，directedagainstDr。LouisBuchnerandhisKraftundStoff；alsoMindandMatter，byRev。jamesTait，ofCanada，p。66inthethirdeditiontheauthorbemoansthe“horribleplaudits“that“haveaccompaniedeveryefforttoestablishman’sbrutaldescent“；alsoTheChurchJournal，NewYork，May28，1874。Fortheeffortinfavourofateleologicalevolution，seeRev。SamuelHoughton，F。R。S。，PrinciplesofAnimalMechanics，London，1873，prefaceandp。156andelsewhere。
　　ForthedetailsofthepersecutionsofDrs。WinchellandWoodrow，andoftheBeyroutprofessors，withauthoritiescited，seemychapteronTheFallofManandAnthropology。FormoreliberalviewsamongreligiousthinkersregardingtheDarwiniantheory，andforeffortstomitigateandadaptittotheologicalviews，see，amongthegreatmassofutterances，thefollowing：CharlesKingsley’sletterstoDarwin，November18，1859，inDarwin’sLifeandLetters，vol。ii，p。82；AdamSedgwicktoCharlesDarwin，December24，1859，seeibid。，vol。ii，pp。356-359；thesametoMissGerard，January2，1860，seeSedgewick’sLifeandLetters，vol。ii，pp。359，360；thesameinTheSpectator，London，March24，1860；TheRambler，March1860，citedbyMivart，GenesisofSpecies，p。30；TheDublinReview，May，1860；TheChristianExaminer，May，1860；CharlesKingsleytoF。D。Mauricein1863，inKingsley’sLife，vol。ii，p。171；AdamSedgwicktoLivingstonetheexplorer，March16，1865，inLifeandLettersofSedgwick，vol。ii，pp。410-412；theDukeofArgyll，TheReignofLaw，NewYork，pp。16，18，31，116，117，120，159；JosephP。
　　Thompson，D。D。，LL。D。，ManinGenesisandGeology，NewYork，1870，pp。48，49，82；CanonH。P。Liddon，SermonspreachedbeforetheUniversityofOxford，1871，SermonIII；St。GeorgeMivart，EvolutionanditsConsequences，ContemporaryReview，Jan。1872；
　　BritishandForeignEvangelicalReview，1872，articleonTheTheoryofEvolution；TheLutheranQuarterly，Gettysburg，Pa。，April，1872，articlebyRev。CyrusThomas，AssistantUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyonTheDescentofMan，pp。214，239，372-376；TheLutheranQuarterly，July，1873，articleonSomeAssumptionsagainstChristianity，byRev。C。A。Stork，Baltimore，Md。，pp。325，326；also，inthesamenumber，seeareviewofDr。
　　Burr’sPaterMundi，pp。474，475，andcontrastwiththereviewintheAndoverReviewofthatperiod；anarticleintheReligiousMagazineandMonthlyReview，Boston，onReligionandEvolution，byRev。S。R。Calthrop，September，1873，p。200；ThePopularScienceMonthly，January，1874，articleGenesis，Geology，andEvolution；articlebyAsaGray，Nature，London，June4，1874；
　　Materialism，byRev。W。Streissguth，LutheranQuarterly，July，1875，originallywritteninGerman，andtranslatedbyJ。G。
　　Morris，D。D。，pp。406，408；DarwinismusundChristenthum，vonR。
　　Steck，Ref。PfarrerinDresden，Berlin，1875，pp。5，6，and26，reprintedfromtheProtestantischeKirchenzeitung，andissuedasatractbytheProtestantenverein；Rev。W。E。Adams，articleintheLutheranQuarterly，April，1879，onEvolution：ShallitbeAtheistic？JohnWood，BibleAnticipationsofModernScience，1880，pp。18，19，22；LutheranQuarterly，January，1881，SomePostulatesoftheNewEthics，byRev。C。A。Stork，D。D。；
　　LutheranQuarterly，January，1882，TheReligionofEvolutionasagainsttheReligionofJesus，byProf。W。H。Wynn，IowaStateAgriculturalCollege——thisarticlewasrepublishedasapamphlet；
　　CanonLiddon，prefatorynotetosermononTheRecoveryofSt。
　　Thomas，pp。4，11，12，13，and26，preachedinSt。Paul’sCathedral，April23，1882；LutheranQuarterly，January1882，EvolutionandtheScripture，byRev。JohnA。Earnest，pp。101，105；GlimpsesintheTwilight，byRev。F。G。Lee，D。D。，Edinburgh，1885，especiallypp。18and19；theHibbertLecturesfor1883，byRev。CharlesBeard，pp。392，393，etseq。；F。W。
　　Farrar，D。D。，CanonofWestminster，TheHistoryofInterpretation，beingtheBamptonLecturesfor1885，pp。426，427；BishopTemple，BamptonLectures，pp。184-186；articleEvolutionintheDictionaryofReligion，editedbyRev。WilliamBenham，1887；Prof。Huxley，AnEpiscopalTrilogy，NineteenthCentury，November，1887——thisarticlediscussesthreesermonsdeliveredbythebishopsofCarlisle，Bedford，andManchester，inManchesterCathedral，duringthemeetingoftheBritishAssociation，September，1887——thesesermonswereafterwardpublishedinpamphletformunderthetitleTheAdvanceofScience；JohnFiske，Darwinism，andOtherEssays，Boston，1888；
　　HarrietMackenzie，EvolutionilluminatingtheBible，London，1891，dedicatedtoProf。Huxley；H。E。Rye，HulseanProfessorofDivinityatCambridge，TheEarlyNarrativesofGenesis，London，1892，preface，pp。vii-ix，pp。7，9，11；Rev。G。M。Searle，oftheCatholicUniversity，Washington，articleintheCatholicWorld，November，1892，pp。223，227，229，231；forthestatementfromKebleCollege，seeRev。Mr。Illingworth，inLuxMundi。ForBishopTemple，seecitationinLaing。ForacompleteandadmirableacceptanceoftheevolutionarytheoryasliftingChristiandoctrineandpracticetoahigherplane，withsuggestionsforanewtheology，seetwoSermonsbyArchdeaconWilson，ofManchester，S。P。C。K……London，andYoung&Co。，NewYork，1893；andforacharacteristicallylucidstatementofthemostrecentdevelopmentofevolutiondoctrines，andtherelationsofSpencer，Weismann，Galton，andotherstothem，seeLesterF。
　　Ward’sAddressasPresidentoftheBiologicalSociety，Washington，1891；also，recentarticlesintheleadingEnglishreviews。ForabrilliantglorificationofevolutionbynaturalselectionasadoctrinenecessarytothenhighestandtruestviewofChristianity，seeProf。Drummond’sChautaquaLectures，publishedintheBritishWeekly，London，fromApril20toMay11，1893。