Forthesecondtime，hestoppedshort。
"Hullo，"saidhe，"it’shim。Goodday，publicorder。"
Gavroche’samazementwasalwaysbriefandspeedilythawed。
"Whereareyougoing，yourascal？"shoutedthesergeant。
"Citizen，"retortedGavroche，"Ihaven’tcalledyou`bourgeois’yet。
Whydoyouinsultme？"
"Whereareyougoing，yourogue？"
"Monsieur，"retortedGavroche，"perhapsyouwereamanofwityesterday，butyouhavedegeneratedthismorning。"
"Iaskyouwhereareyougoing，youvillain？"
Gavrochereplied:——
"Youspeakprettily。Really，noonewouldsupposeyouasoldasyouare。Yououghttosellallyourhairatahundredfrancsapiece。
Thatwouldyieldyoufivehundredfrancs。"
"Whereareyougoing？Whereareyougoing？Whereareyougoing，bandit？"
Gavrocheretortedagain:——
"Whatvillainouswords！Youmustwipeyourmouthbetterthefirsttimethattheygiveyousuck。"
Thesergeantloweredhisbayonet。
"Willyoutellmewhereyouaregoing，youwretch？"
"General，"saidGavroche"I’monmywaytolookforadoctorformywifewhoisinlabor。"
"Toarms！"shoutedthesergeant。
Themaster—strokeofstrongmenconsistsinsavingthemselvesbytheverymeansthathaveruinedthem；Gavrochetookinthewholesituationataglance。Itwasthecartwhichhadtoldagainsthim，itwasthecart’splacetoprotecthim。
AtthemomentwhenthesergeantwasonthepointofmakinghisdescentonGavroche，thecart，convertedintoaprojectileandlaunchedwithallthelatter’smight，rolleddownuponhimfuriously，andthesergeant，struckfullinthestomach，tumbledoverbackwardsintothegutterwhilehisgunwentoffintheair。
Themenoftheposthadrushedoutpell—mellatthesergeant’sshout；
theshotbroughtonageneralrandomdischarge，afterwhichtheyreloadedtheirweaponsandbeganagain。
Thisblind—man’s—buffmusketrylastedforaquarterofanhourandkilledseveralpanesofglass。
Inthemeanwhile，Gavroche，whohadretracedhisstepsatfullspeed，haltedfiveorsixstreetsdistantandseatedhimself，panting，onthestonepostwhichformsthecorneroftheEnfants—Rouges。
Helistened。
Afterpantingforafewminutes，heturnedinthedirectionwherethefusilladewasraging，liftedhislefthandtoalevelwithhisnoseandthrustitforwardthreetimes，asheslappedthebackofhisheadwithhisrighthand；animperiousgestureinwhichParisianstreet—urchindomhascondensedFrenchirony，andwhichisevidentlyefficacious，sinceithasalreadylastedhalfacentury。
Thisgayetywastroubledbyonebitterreflection。
"Yes，"saidhe，"I’msplittingwithlaughter，I’mtwistingwithdelight，Iaboundinjoy，butI’mlosingmyway，Ishallhavetotakearoundaboutway。IfIonlyreachthebarricadeinseason！"
Thereuponhesetoutagainonarun。
Andasheran:——
"Ah，bytheway，wherewasI？"saidhe。
Andheresumedhisditty，asheplungedrapidlythroughthestreets，andthisiswhatdiedawayinthegloom:——
"Maisilresteencoredesbastilles，EtjevaismettreleholaDansl’ordepublicquevoila。
Ouvontlesbellesfilles，Lonla。
"Quelqu’unveut—iljouerauxquilles？
Toutl’ancienmondes’ecroulaQuandlagrossebouleroula。
Ouvontlesbellesfilles，Lonla。
"Vieuxbonpeuple，acoupsdebequilles，CassonsceLouvreous’etalaLamonarchieenfalbala。
Ouvontlesbellesfilles，Lonla。
"Nousenavonsforcelesgrilles，LeroiCharles—Dixcejourla，Tenaitmaletsedecolla。
Ouvontlesbellesfilles，Lonla。"[57]
[57]Butsomeprisonsstillremain，andIamgoingtoputastoptothissortofpublicorder。Doesanyonewishtoplayatskittles？
Thewholeancientworldfellinruin，whenthebigballrolled。
Goodoldfolks，letussmashwithourcrutchesthatLouvrewherethemonarchydisplayeditselfinfurbelows。Wehaveforceditsgates。
Onthatday，KingCharlesX。didnotstickwellandcameunglued。
Thepost’srecoursetoarmswasnotwithoutresult。Thecartwasconquered，thedrunkenmanwastakenprisoner。Thefirstwasputinthepound，thesecondwaslateronsomewhatharassedbeforethecouncilsofwarasanaccomplice。Thepublicministryofthedayproveditsindefatigablezealinthedefenceofsociety，inthisinstance。
Gavroche’sadventure，whichhaslingeredasatraditioninthequartersoftheTemple，isoneofthemostterriblesouvenirsoftheelderlybourgeoisoftheMarais，andisentitledintheirmemories:
"ThenocturnalattackbythepostoftheRoyalPrintingEstablishment。"
[TheendofVolumeIV。"SaintDenis"]
VOLUMEVJEANVALJEAN
BOOKFIRST。——THEWARBETWEENFOURWALLS
CHAPTERI
THECHARYBDISOFTHEFAUBOURGSAINTANTOINEANDTHESCYLLAOFTHE
FAUBOURGDUTEMPLE
Thetwomostmemorablebarricadeswhichtheobserverofsocialmaladiescannamedonotbelongtotheperiodinwhichtheactionofthisworkislaid。Thesetwobarricades，bothofthemsymbols，undertwodifferentaspects，ofaredoubtablesituation，sprangfromtheearthatthetimeofthefatalinsurrectionofJune，1848，thegreatestwarofthestreetsthathistoryhaseverbeheld。
Itsometimeshappensthat，evencontrarytoprinciples，evencontrarytoliberty，equality，andfraternity，evencontrarytotheuniversalvote，evencontrarytothegovernment，byallforall，fromthedepthsofitsanguish，ofitsdiscouragementsanditsdestitutions，ofitsfevers，ofitsdistresses，ofitsmiasmas，ofitsignorances，ofitsdarkness，thatgreatanddespairingbody，therabble，protestsagainst，andthatthepopulacewagesbattleagainst，thepeople。
Beggarsattackthecommonright；theochlocracyrisesagainstdemos。
Thesearemelancholydays；forthereisalwaysacertainamountofnighteveninthismadness，thereissuicideinthisduel，andthosewordswhichareintendedtobeinsults——
beggars，canaille，ochlocracy，populace——exhibit，alas！ratherthefaultofthosewhoreignthanthefaultofthosewhosuffer；
ratherthefaultoftheprivilegedthanthefaultofthedisinherited。
Forourownpart，weneverpronouncethosewordswithoutpainandwithoutrespect，forwhenphilosophyfathomsthefactstowhichtheycorrespond，itoftenfindsmanyagrandeurbesidethesemiseries。
Athenswasanochlocracy；thebeggarswerethemakingofHolland；
thepopulacesavedRomemorethanonce；andtherabblefollowedJesusChrist。
Thereisnothinkerwhohasnotattimescontemplatedthemagnificencesofthelowerclasses。
ItwasofthisrabblethatSaintJeromewasthinking，nodoubt，andofallthesepoorpeopleandallthesevagabondsandallthesemiserablepeoplewhencesprangtheapostlesandthemartyrs，whenheutteredthismysterioussaying:"Fexurbis，lexorbis，"——
thedregsofthecity，thelawoftheearth。
Theexasperationsofthiscrowdwhichsuffersandbleeds，itsviolencescontrarytoallsense，directedagainsttheprincipleswhichareitslife，itsmasterfuldeedsagainsttheright，areitspopularcoupsd’etatandshouldberepressed。Themanofprobitysacrificeshimself，andoutofhisveryloveforthiscrowd，hecombatsit。Buthowexcusablehefeelsitevenwhileholdingoutagainstit！Howheveneratesitevenwhileresistingit！
Thisisoneofthoseraremomentswhen，whiledoingthatwhichitisone’sdutytodo，onefeelssomethingwhichdisconcertsone，andwhichwoulddissuadeonefromproceedingfurther；onepersists，itisnecessary，butconscience，thoughsatisfied，issad，andtheaccomplishmentofdutyiscomplicatedwithapainattheheart。
June，1848，letushastentosay，wasanexceptionalfact，andalmostimpossibleofclassification，inthephilosophyofhistory。
Allthewordswhichwehavejustuttered，mustbediscarded，whenitbecomesaquestionofthisextraordinaryrevolt，inwhichonefeelstheholyanxietyoftoilclaimingitsrights。Itwasnecessarytocombatit，andthiswasaduty，foritattackedtherepublic。
ButwhatwasJune，1848，atbottom？Arevoltofthepeopleagainstitself。
Wherethesubjectisnotlostsightof，thereisnodigression；
maywe，then，bepermittedtoarrestthereader’sattentionforamomentonthetwoabsolutelyuniquebarricadesofwhichwehavejustspokenandwhichcharacterizedthisinsurrection。
OneblockedtheentrancetotheFaubourgSaintAntoine；theotherdefendedtheapproachtotheFaubourgduTemple；thosebeforewhomthesetwofearfulmasterpiecesofcivilwarrearedthemselvesbeneaththebrilliantblueskyofJune，willneverforgetthem。
TheSaint—Antoinebarricadewastremendous；itwasthreestorieshigh，andsevenhundredfeetwide。Itbarredthevastopeningofthefaubourg，thatistosay，threestreets，fromangletoangle；
ravined，jagged，cutup，divided，crenelated，withanimmenserent，buttressedwithpilesthatwerebastionsinthemselvesthrowingoutcapeshereandthere，powerfullybackedupbytwogreatpromontoriesofhousesofthefaubourg，itreareditselflikeacyclopeandikeattheendoftheformidableplacewhichhadseenthe14thofJuly。
Nineteenbarricadeswereranged，onebehindtheother，inthedepthsofthestreetsbehindthisprincipalbarricade。Attheverysightofit，onefelttheagonizingsufferingintheimmensefaubourg，whichhadreachedthatpointofextremitywhenadistressmaybecomeacatastrophe。Ofwhatwasthatbarricademade？Oftheruinsofthreesix—storyhousesdemolishedexpressly，saidsome。
Oftheprodigyofallwraths，saidothers。Itworethelamentableaspectofallconstructionsofhatred，ruin。Itmightbeasked:
Whobuiltthis？Itmightalsobesaid:Whodestroyedthis？
Itwastheimprovisationoftheebullition。Hold！takethisdoor！thisgrating！thispenthouse！thischimney—piece！thisbrokenbrazier！thiscrackedpot！Giveall！castawayall！
Pushthisroll，dig，dismantle，overturn，ruineverything！
Itwasthecollaborationofthepavement，theblockofstone，thebeam，thebarofiron，therag，thescrap，thebrokenpane，theunseatedchair，thecabbage—stalk，thetatter，therag，andthemalediction。Itwasgrandanditwaspetty。Itwastheabyssparodiedonthepublicplacebyhubbub。Themassbesidetheatom；
thestripofruinedwallandthebrokenbowl，——threateningfraternizationofeverysortofrubbish。SisyphushadthrownhisrockthereandJobhispotsherd。Terrible，inshort。Itwastheacropolisofthebarefooted。Overturnedcartsbroketheuniformityoftheslope；animmensedraywasspreadouttherecrossways，itsaxlepointingheavenward，andseemedascaronthattumultuousfacade；
anomnibushoistedgayly，bymainforce，totheverysummitoftheheap，asthoughthearchitectsofthisbitofsavageryhadwishedtoaddatouchofthestreeturchinhumortotheirterror，presenteditshorseless，unharnessedpoletonooneknowswhathorsesoftheair。Thisgiganticheap，thealluviumoftherevolt，figuredtothemindanOssaonPelionofallrevolutions；’93on’89，the9thofThermidoronthe10thofAugust，the18thofBrumaireonthe11thofJanuary，VendemiaireonPrairial，1848on1830。
ThesituationdeservedthetroubleandthisbarricadewasworthytofigureontheveryspotwhencetheBastillehaddisappeared。
Iftheoceanmadedikes，itisthusthatitwouldbuild。
Thefuryofthefloodwasstampeduponthisshapelessmass。
Whatflood？Thecrowd。Onethoughtonebeheldhubbubpetrified。
Onethoughtoneheardhummingabovethisbarricadeasthoughtherehadbeenovertheirhive，enormous，darkbeesofviolentprogress。
Wasitathicket？Wasitabacchanalia？Wasitafortress？
Vertigoseemedtohaveconstructeditwithblowsofitswings。
Therewassomethingofthecess—poolinthatredoubtandsomethingOlympianinthatconfusion。Onetherebeheldinapell—mellfullofdespair，theraftersofroofs，bitsofgarretwindowswiththeirfiguredpaper，windowsasheswiththeirglassplantedthereintheruinsawaitingthecannon，wrecksofchimneys，cupboards，tables，benches，howlingtopsyturveydom，andthosethousandpoverty—strickenthings，theveryrefuseofthemendicant，whichcontainatthesametimefuryandnothingness。Onewouldhavesaidthatitwasthetattersofapeople，ragsofwood，ofiron，ofbronze，ofstone，andthattheFaubourgSaintAntoinehadthrustitthereatitsdoor，withacolossalflourishofthebroommakingofitsmiseryitsbarricade。Blocksresemblingheadsman’sblocks，dislocatedchains，piecesofwoodworkwithbracketshavingtheformofgibbets，horizontalwheelsprojectingfromtherubbish，amalgamatedwiththisedificeofanarchythesombrefigureoftheoldtorturesenduredbythepeople。ThebarricadeSaintAntoineconvertedeverythingintoaweapon；everythingthatcivilwarcouldthrowattheheadofsocietyproceededthence；itwasnotcombat，itwasaparoxysm；thecarbineswhichdefendedthisredoubt，amongwhichthereweresomeblunderbusses，sentbitsofearthenwarebones，coat—buttons，eventhecastersfromnight—stands，dangerousprojectilesonaccountofthebrass。Thisbarricadewasfurious；
ithurledtothecloudsaninexpressibleclamor；atcertainmoments，whenprovokingthearmy，itwascoveredwiththrongsandtempest；
atumultuouscrowdofflamingheadscrownedit；aswarmfilledit；
ithadathornycrestofguns，ofsabres，ofcudgels，ofaxes，ofpikesandofbayonets；avastredflagflappedinthewind；
shoutsofcommand，songsofattack，therollofdrums，thesobsofwomenandburstsofgloomylaughterfromthestarvingweretobeheardthere。Itwashugeandliving，and，likethebackofanelectricbeast，thereproceededfromitlittleflashesoflightning。
ThespiritofrevolutioncoveredwithitscloudthissummitwhererumbledthatvoiceofthepeoplewhichresemblesthevoiceofGod；
astrangemajestywasemittedbythistitanicbasketofrubbish。
ItwasaheapoffilthanditwasSinai。
Aswehavesaidpreviously，itattackedinthenameoftherevolution——what？Therevolution。It——thatbarricade，chance，hazard，disorder，terror，misunderstanding，theunknown——
hadfacingittheConstituentAssembly，thesovereigntyofthepeople，universalsuffrage，thenation，therepublic；
anditwastheCarmagnolebiddingdefiancetotheMarseillaise。
Immensebutheroicdefiance，fortheoldfaubourgisahero。
Thefaubourganditsredoubtlenteachotherassistance。Thefaubourgshoulderedtheredoubt，theredoubttookitsstandundercoverofthefaubourg。ThevastbarricadespreadoutlikeacliffagainstwhichthestrategyoftheAfricangeneralsdasheditself。Itscaverns，itsexcrescences，itswarts，itsgibbosities，grimaced，sotospeak，andgrinnedbeneaththesmoke。Themitraillevanishedinshapelessness；
thebombsplungedintoit；bulletsonlysucceededinmakingholesinit；whatwastheuseofcannonadingchaos？andtheregiments，accustomedtothefiercestvisionsofwar，gazedwithuneasyeyesonthatspeciesofredoubt，awildbeastinitsboar—likebristlingandamountainbyitsenormoussize。
Aquarterofaleagueaway，fromthecorneroftheRueduTemplewhichdebouchesontheboulevardneartheChateaud’Eau，ifonethrustone’sheadbodilybeyondthepointformedbythefrontoftheDallemagneshop，oneperceivedinthedistance，beyondthecanal，inthestreetwhichmountstheslopesofBellevilleattheculminatingpointoftherise，astrangewallreachingtothesecondstoryofthehousefronts，asortofhyphenbetweenthehousesontherightandthehousesontheleft，asthoughthestreethadfoldedbackonitselfitsloftiestwallinordertocloseitselfabruptly。
Thiswallwasbuiltofpaving—stones。Itwasstraight，correct，cold，perpendicular，levelledwiththesquare，laidoutbyruleandline。
Cementwaslacking，ofcourse，but，asinthecaseofcertainRomanwalls，withoutinterferingwithitsrigidarchitecture。
Theentablaturewasmathematicallyparallelwiththebase。
Fromdistancetodistance，onecoulddistinguishonthegraysurface，almostinvisibleloopholeswhichresembledblackthreads。
Theseloopholeswereseparatedfromeachotherbyequalspaces。
Thestreetwasdesertedasfarastheeyecouldreach。Allwindowsanddoorswereclosed。Inthebackgroundrosethisbarrier，whichmadeablindthoroughfareofthestreet，amotionlessandtranquilwall；
noonewasvisible，nothingwasaudible；notacry，notasound，notabreath。Asepulchre。
ThedazzlingsunofJuneinundatedthisterriblethingwithlight。
ItwasthebarricadeoftheFaubourgoftheTemple。
Assoonasonearrivedonthespot，andcaughtsightofit，itwasimpossible，evenfortheboldest，nottobecomethoughtfulbeforethismysteriousapparition。Itwasadjusted，jointed，imbricated，rectilinear，symmetricalandfunereal。Scienceandgloommetthere。Onefeltthatthechiefofthisbarricadewasageometricianoraspectre。Onelookedatitandspokelow。
Fromtimetotime，ifsomesoldier，anofficerorrepresentativeofthepeople，chancedtotraversethedesertedhighway，afaint，sharpwhistlewasheard，andthepasser—byfelldeadorwounded，or，ifheescapedthebullet，sometimesabiscaienwasseentoensconceitselfinsomeclosedshutter，intheintersticebetweentwoblocksofstone，orintheplasterofawall。Forthemeninthebarricadehadmadethemselvestwosmallcannonsoutoftwocast—ironlengthsofgas—pipe，pluggedupatoneendwithtowandfire—clay。
Therewasnowasteofuselesspowder。Nearlyeveryshottold。
Therewerecorpseshereandthere，andpoolsofbloodonthepavement。
Irememberawhitebutterflywhichwentandcameinthestreet。
Summerdoesnotabdicate。
Intheneighborhood，thespacesbeneaththeportescochereswereencumberedwithwounded。
Onefeltoneselfaimedatbysomepersonwhomonedidnotsee，andoneunderstoodthatgunswerelevelledatthewholelengthofthestreet。
MassedbehindthesortofslopingridgewhichthevaultedcanalformsattheentrancetotheFaubourgduTemple，thesoldiersoftheattackingcolumn，gravelyandthoughtfully，watchedthisdismalredoubt，thisimmobility，thispassivity，whencesprangdeath。
Somecrawledflatontheirfacesasfarasthecrestofthecurveofthebridge，takingcarethattheirshakosdidnotprojectbeyondit。
ThevaliantColonelMonteynardadmiredthisbarricadewithashudder。——"Howthatisbuilt！"hesaidtoaRepresentative。
"Notonepaving—stoneprojectsbeyonditsneighbor。Itismadeofporcelain。"——Atthatmoment，abulletbrokethecrossonhisbreast，andhefell。
"Thecowards！"peoplesaid。"Letthemshowthemselves。Letusseethem！Theydarenot！Theyarehiding！"
ThebarricadeoftheFaubourgduTemple，defendedbyeightymen，attackedbytenthousand，heldoutforthreedays。Onthefourth，theydidasatZaatcha，asatConstantine，theypiercedthehouses，theycameovertheroofs，thebarricadewastaken。Notoneoftheeightycowardsthoughtofflight，allwerekilledtherewiththeexceptionoftheleader，Barthelemy，ofwhomweshallspeakpresently。
TheSaint—Antoinebarricadewasthetumultofthunders；thebarricadeoftheTemplewassilence。Thedifferencebetweenthesetworedoubtswasthedifferencebetweentheformidableandthesinister。
Oneseemedamaw；theotheramask。
AdmittingthatthegiganticandgloomyinsurrectionofJunewascomposedofawrathandofanenigma，onedivinedinthefirstbarricadethedragon，andbehindthesecondthesphinx。
Thesetwofortresseshadbeenerectedbytwomennamed，theone，Cournet，theother，Barthelemy。CournetmadetheSaint—Antoinebarricade；BarthelemythebarricadeoftheTemple。
Eachwastheimageofthemanwhohadbuiltit。
Cournetwasamanofloftystature；hehadbroadshoulders，aredface，acrushingfist，aboldheart，aloyalsoul，asincereandterribleeye。
Intrepid，energetic，irascible，stormy；themostcordialofmen，themostformidableofcombatants。War，strife，conflict，weretheveryairhebreathedandputhiminagoodhumor。Hehadbeenanofficerinthenavy，and，fromhisgesturesandhisvoice，onedivinedthathesprangfromtheocean，andthathecamefromthetempest；
hecarriedthehurricaneonintobattle。Withtheexceptionofthegenius，therewasinCournetsomethingofDanton，as，withtheexceptionofthedivinity，therewasinDantonsomethingofHercules。
Barthelemy，thin，feeble，pale，taciturn，wasasortoftragicstreeturchin，who，havinghadhisearsboxedbyapoliceman，layinwaitforhim，andkilledhim，andatseventeenwassenttothegalleys。Hecameoutandmadethisbarricade。
Lateron，fatalcircumstance，inLondon，proscribedbyall，BarthelemyslewCournet。Itwasafunerealduel。Sometimeafterwards，caughtinthegearingofoneofthosemysteriousadventuresinwhichpassionplaysapart，acatastropheinwhichFrenchjusticeseesextenuatingcircumstances，andinwhichEnglishjusticeseesonlydeath，Barthelemywashanged。Thesombresocialconstructionissomadethat，thankstomaterialdestitution，thankstomoralobscurity，thatunhappybeingwhopossessedanintelligence，certainlyfirm，possiblygreat，beganinFrancewiththegalleys，andendedinEnglandwiththegallows。Barthelemy，onoccasion，flewbutoneflag，theblackflag。
CHAPTERII
WHATISTOBEDONEINTHEABYSSIFONEDOESNOTCONVERSE
Sixteenyearscountinthesubterraneaneducationofinsurrection，andJune，1848，knewagreatdealmoreaboutitthanJune，1832。
SothebarricadeoftheRuedelaChanvreriewasonlyanoutline，andanembryocomparedtothetwocolossalbarricadeswhichwehavejustsketched；butitwasformidableforthatepoch。
TheinsurgentsundertheeyeofEnjolras，forMariusnolongerlookedafteranything，hadmadegooduseofthenight。Thebarricadehadbeennotonlyrepaired，butaugmented。Theyhadraisedittwofeet。
Barsofironplantedinthepavementresembledlancesinrest。
Allsortsofrubbishbroughtandaddedfromalldirectionscomplicatedtheexternalconfusion。Theredoubthadbeencleverlymadeover，intoawallontheinsideandathicketontheoutside。
Thestaircaseofpaving—stoneswhichpermittedonetomountitlikethewallofacitadelhadbeenreconstructed。
Thebarricadehadbeenputinorder，thetap—roomdisencumbered，thekitchenappropriatedfortheambulance，thedressingofthewoundedcompleted，thepowderscatteredonthegroundandonthetableshadbeengatheredup，bulletsrun，cartridgesmanufactured，lintscraped，thefallenweaponsre—distributed，theinterioroftheredoubtcleaned，therubbishsweptup，corpsesremoved。
TheylaidthedeadinaheapintheMondetourlane，ofwhichtheywerestillthemasters。Thepavementwasredforalongtimeatthatspot。
AmongthedeadtherewerefourNationalGuardsmenofthesuburbs。
Enjolrashadtheiruniformslaidaside。
Enjolrashadadvisedtwohoursofsleep。AdvicefromEnjolraswasacommand。Still，onlythreeorfourtookadvantageofit。
Feuillyemployedthesetwohoursinengravingthisinscriptiononthewallwhichfacedthetavern:——
LONGLIVETHEPEOPLES！
Thesefourwords，hollowedoutintheroughstonewithanail，couldbestillreadonthewallin1848。
Thethreewomenhadprofitedbytherespiteofthenighttovanishdefinitely；whichallowedtheinsurgentstobreathemorefreely。
Theyhadfoundmeansoftakingrefugeinsomeneighboringhouse。
Thegreaterpartofthewoundedwereable，andwished，tofightstill。
Onalitterofmattressesandtrussesofstrawinthekitchen，whichhadbeenconvertedintoanambulance，therewerefivemengravelywounded，twoofwhomweremunicipalguardsmen。Themunicipalguardsmenwereattendedtofirst。
Inthetap—roomthereremainedonlyMabeufunderhisblackclothandJavertboundtohispost。
"Thisisthehallofthedead，"saidEnjolras。
Intheinteriorofthishall，barelylightedbyacandleatoneend，themortuarytablebeingbehindthepostlikeahorizontalbar，asortofvast，vaguecrossresultedfromJaverterectandMabeuflyingprone。
Thepoleoftheomnibus，althoughsnappedoffbythefusillade，wasstillsufficientlyuprighttoadmitoftheirfasteningtheflagtoit。
Enjolras，whopossessedthatqualityofaleader，ofalwaysdoingwhathesaid，attachedtothisstaffthebullet—riddenandbloodycoatoftheoldman’s。
Norepasthadbeenpossible。Therewasneitherbreadnormeat。
Thefiftymeninthebarricadehadspeedilyexhaustedthescantyprovisionsofthewine—shopduringthesixteenhourswhichtheyhadpassedthere。Atagivenmoment，everybarricadeinevitablybecomestheraftoflaMeduse。Theywereobligedtoresignthemselvestohunger。
TheyhadthenreachedthefirsthoursofthatSpartandayofthe6thofJunewhen，inthebarricadeSaint—Merry，Jeanne，surroundedbytheinsurgentswhodemandedbread，repliedtoallcombatantscrying:
"Somethingtoeat！"with:"Why？Itisthreeo’clock；atfourweshallbedead。"
Astheycouldnolongereat，Enjolrasforbadethemtodrink。
Heinterdictedwine，andportionedoutthebrandy。
Theyhadfoundinthecellarfifteenfullbottleshermeticallysealed。
EnjolrasandCombeferreexaminedthem。Combeferrewhenhecameupagainsaid:——"It’stheoldstockofFatherHucheloup，whobeganbusinessasagrocer。"——"Itmustberealwine，"
observedBossuet。"It’sluckythatGrantaireisasleep。Ifhewereonfoot，therewouldbeagooddealofdifficultyinsavingthosebottles。"——Enjolras，inspiteofallmurmurs，placedhisvetoonthefifteenbottles，and，inorderthatnoonemighttouchthem，hehadthemplacedunderthetableonwhichFatherMabeufwaslying。
Abouttwoo’clockinthemorning，theyreckoneduptheirstrength。
Therewerestillthirty—sevenofthem。
Thedaybegantodawn。Thetorch，whichhadbeenreplacedinitscavityinthepavement，hadjustbeenextinguished。Theinteriorofthebarricade，thatspeciesoftinycourtyardappropriatedfromthestreet，wasbathedinshadows，andresembled，athwartthevague，twilighthorror，thedeckofadisabledship。Thecombatants，astheywentandcame，movedabouttherelikeblackforms。
Abovethatterriblenesting—placeofgloomthestoriesofthemutehouseswerelividlyoutlined；attheverytop，thechimneysstoodpalelyout。Theskywasofthatcharming，undecidedhue，whichmaybewhiteandmaybeblue。Birdsflewaboutinitwithcriesofjoy。Theloftyhousewhichformedthebackofthebarricade，beingturnedtotheEast，haduponitsroofarosyreflection。
Themorningbreezeruffledthegrayhairontheheadofthedeadmanatthethird—storywindow。
"Iamdelightedthatthetorchhasbeenextinguished，"saidCourfeyractoFeuilly。"Thattorchflickeringinthewindannoyedme。
Ithadtheappearanceofbeingafraid。Thelightoftorchesresemblesthewisdomofcowards；itgivesabadlightbecauseittrembles。"
Dawnawakensmindsasitdoesthebirds；allbegantotalk。
Joly，perceivingacatprowlingonagutter，extractedphilosophyfromit。
"Whatisthecat？"heexclaimed。"Itisacorrective。ThegoodGod，havingmadethemouse，said:`Hullo！Ihavecommittedablunder。’
Andsohemadethecat。Thecatistheerratumofthemouse。
Themouse，plusthecat，istheproofofcreationrevisedandcorrected。"
Combeferre，surroundedbystudentsandartisans，wasspeakingofthedead，ofJeanProuvaire，ofBahorel，ofMabeuf，andevenofCabuc，andofEnjolras’sadseverity。Hesaid:——
"HarmodiusandAristogiton，Brutus，Chereas，Stephanus，Cromwell，CharlotteCorday，Sand，haveallhadtheirmomentofagonywhenitwastoolate。Ourheartsquiverso，andhumanlifeissuchamysterythat，eveninthecaseofacivicmurder，eveninamurderforliberation，iftherebesuchathing，theremorseforhavingstruckamansurpassesthejoyofhavingservedthehumanrace。"
And，sucharethewindingsoftheexchangeofspeech，that，amomentlater，byatransitionbroughtaboutthroughJeanProuvaire’sverses，CombeferrewascomparingthetranslatorsoftheGeorgics，RauxwithCournand，CournandwithDelille，pointingoutthepassagestranslatedbyMalfilatre，particularlytheprodigiesofCaesar’sdeath；
andatthatword，Caesar，theconversationrevertedtoBrutus。
"Caesar，"saidCombeferre，"felljustly。CicerowasseveretowardsCaesar，andhewasright。Thatseverityisnotdiatribe。WhenZoilusinsultsHomer，whenMaeviusinsultsVirgil，whenViseinsultsMoliere，whenPopeinsultsShakspeare，whenFredericinsultsVoltaire，itisanoldlawofenvyandhatredwhichisbeingcarriedout；
geniusattractsinsult，greatmenarealwaysmoreorlessbarkedat。
ButZoilusandCiceroaretwodifferentpersons。Ciceroisanarbiterinthought，justasBrutusisanarbiterbythesword。Formyownpart，Iblamethatlastjustice，theblade；but，antiquityadmittedit。
Caesar，theviolatoroftheRubicon，conferring，asthoughtheycamefromhim，thedignitieswhichemanatedfromthepeople，notrisingattheentranceofthesenate，committedtheactsofakingandalmostofatyrant，regiaacpenetyrannica。
Hewasagreatman；somuchtheworse，orsomuchthebetter；
thelessonisbutthemoreexalted。Histwenty—threewoundstouchmelessthanthespittinginthefaceofJesusChrist。
Caesarisstabbedbythesenators；Christiscuffedbylackeys。
OnefeelstheGodthroughthegreateroutrage。"
Bossuet，whotoweredabovetheinterlocutorsfromthesummitofaheapofpaving—stones，exclaimed，rifleinhand:——
"OhCydathenaeum，OhMyrrhinus，OhProbalinthus，OhgracesoftheAEantides！Oh！WhowillgrantmetopronouncetheversesofHomerlikeaGreekofLauriumorofEdapteon？"
CHAPTERIII
LIGHTANDSHADOW
Enjolrashadbeentomakeareconnaissance。HehadmadehiswayoutthroughMondetourlane，glidingalongclosetothehouses。
Theinsurgents，wewillremark，werefullofhope。Themannerinwhichtheyhadrepulsedtheattackoftheprecedingnighthadcausedthemtoalmostdisdaininadvancetheattackatdawn。Theywaitedforitwithasmile。Theyhadnomoredoubtastotheirsuccessthanastotheircause。Moreover，succorwas，evidently，onthewaytothem。
Theyreckonedonit。WiththatfacilityoftriumphantprophecywhichisoneofthesourcesofstrengthintheFrenchcombatant，theydividedthedaywhichwasathandintothreedistinctphases。
Atsixo’clockinthemorningaregiment"whichhadbeenlaboredwith，"wouldturn；atnoon，theinsurrectionofallParis；
atsunset，revolution。
TheyheardthealarmbellofSaint—Merry，whichhadnotbeensilentforaninstantsincethenightbefore；aproofthattheotherbarricade，thegreatone，Jeanne’s，stillheldout。
Allthesehopeswereexchangedbetweenthedifferentgroupsinasortofgayandformidablewhisperwhichresembledthewarlikehumofahiveofbees。
Enjolrasreappeared。Hereturnedfromhissombreeagleflightintoouterdarkness。Helistenedforamomenttoallthisjoywithfoldedarms，andonehandonhismouth。Then，freshandrosyinthegrowingwhitenessofthedawn，hesaid:
"ThewholearmyofParisistostrike。Athirdofthearmyisbearingdownuponthebarricadesinwhichyounoware。ThereistheNationalGuardinaddition。Ihavepickedouttheshakosofthefifthoftheline，andthestandard—bearersofthesixthlegion。Inonehouryouwillbeattacked。Asforthepopulace，itwasseethingyesterday，to—dayitisnotstirring。Thereisnothingtoexpect；nothingtohopefor。
Neitherfromafaubourgnorfromaregiment。Youareabandoned。"
Thesewordsfelluponthebuzzingofthegroups，andproducedonthemtheeffectcausedonaswarmofbeesbythefirstdropsofastorm。
Amomentofindescribablesilenceensued，inwhichdeathmighthavebeenheardflittingby。
Thismomentwasbrief。
AvoicefromtheobscurestdepthsofthegroupsshoutedtoEnjolras:
"Sobeit。Letusraisethebarricadetoaheightoftwentyfeet，andletusallremaininit。Citizens，letusoffertheprotestsofcorpses。Letusshowthat，ifthepeopleabandontherepublicans，therepublicansdonotabandonthepeople。"
Thesewordsfreedthethoughtofallfromthepainfulcloudofindividualanxieties。Itwashailedwithanenthusiasticacclamation。
Nooneeverhasknownthenameofthemanwhospokethus；hewassomeunknownblouse—wearer，astranger，amanforgotten，apassinghero，thatgreatanonymous，alwaysmingledinhumancrisesandinsocialgeneseswho，atagivenmoment，uttersinasupremefashionthedecisiveword，andwhovanishesintotheshadowsafterhavingrepresentedforaminute，inalightningflash，thepeopleandGod。
Thisinexorableresolutionsothoroughlyimpregnatedtheairofthe6thofJune，1832，that，almostattheverysamehour，onthebarricadeSaint—Merry，theinsurgentswereraisingthatclamorwhichhasbecomeamatterofhistoryandwhichhasbeenconsignedtothedocumentsinthecase:——"Whatmattersitwhethertheycometoourassistanceornot？Letusgetourselveskilledhere，totheverylastman。"
Asthereadersees，thetwobarricades，thoughmateriallyisolated，wereincommunicationwitheachother。
CHAPTERIV
MINUSFIVE，PLUSONE
Afterthemanwhodecreedthe"protestofcorpses"hadspoken，andhadgiventhisformulaoftheircommonsoul，thereissuedfromallmouthsastrangelysatisfiedandterriblecry，funerealinsenseandtriumphantintone:
"Longlivedeath！Letusallremainhere！"
"Whyall？"saidEnjolras。
"All！All！"
Enjolrasresumed:
"Thepositionisgood；thebarricadeisfine。Thirtymenareenough。
Whysacrificeforty？"
Theyreplied:
"Becausenotonewillgoaway。"
"Citizens，"criedEnjolras，andtherewasanalmostirritatedvibrationinhisvoice，"thisrepublicisnotrichenoughinmentoindulgeinuselessexpenditureofthem。Vain—gloryiswaste。
Ifthedutyofsomeistodepart，thatdutyshouldbefulfilledlikeanyother。"
Enjolras，theman—principle，hadoverhisco—religioniststhatsortofomnipotentpowerwhichemanatesfromtheabsolute。Still，greataswasthisomnipotence，amurmurarose。Aleadertotheveryfinger—tips，Enjolras，seeingthattheymurmured，insisted。Heresumedhaughtily:
"Letthosewhoareafraidofnotnumberingmorethanthirtysayso。"
Themurmursredoubled。
"Besides，"observedavoiceinonegroup，"itiseasyenoughtotalkaboutleaving。Thebarricadeishemmedin。"
"NotonthesideoftheHalles，"saidEnjolras。"TheRueMondetourisfree，andthroughtheRuedesPrecheursonecanreachtheMarchedesInnocents。"
"Andthere，"wentonanothervoice，"youwouldbecaptured。
Youwouldfallinwithsomegrandguardofthelineorthesuburbs；
theywillspyamanpassinginblouseandcap。`Whencecomeyou？’
`Don’tyoubelongtothebarricade？’Andtheywilllookatyourhands。
Yousmellofpowder。Shot。"
Enjolras，withoutmakinganyreply，touchedCombeferre’sshoulder，andthetwoenteredthetap—room。
Theyemergedthenceamomentlater。Enjolrasheldinhisoutstretchedhandsthefouruniformswhichhehadlaidaside。
Combeferrefollowed，carryingtheshoulder—beltsandtheshakos。
"Withthisuniform，"saidEnjolras，"youcanminglewiththeranksandescape；hereisenoughforfour。"Andheflungontheground，deprivedofitspavement，thefouruniforms。
Nowaveringtookplaceinhisstoicalaudience。Combeferretooktheword。
"Come，saidhe，"youmusthavealittlepity。Doyouknowwhatthequestionishere？Itisaquestionofwomen。Seehere。Aretherewomenoraretherenot？Aretherechildrenoraretherenot？
Aretheremothers，yesorno，whorockcradleswiththeirfootandwhohavealotoflittleonesaroundthem？Letthatmanofyouwhohasneverbeheldanurse’sbreastraisehishand。Ah！youwanttogetyourselveskilled，sodoI——I，whoamspeakingtoyou；
butIdonotwanttofeelthephantomsofwomenwreathingtheirarmsaroundme。Die，ifyouwill，butdon’tmakeothersdie。
Suicideslikethatwhichisonthebrinkofaccomplishmentherearesublime；butsuicideisnarrow，anddoesnotadmitofextension；
andassoonasittouchesyourneighbors，suicideismurder。
Thinkofthelittleblondheads；thinkofthewhitelocks。
Listen，EnjolrashasjusttoldmethathesawatthecorneroftheRueduCygnealightedcasement，acandleinapoorwindow，onthefifthfloor，andonthepanethequiveringshadowoftheheadofanoldwoman，whohadtheairofhavingspentthenightinwatching。
Perhapssheisthemotherofsomeoneofyou。Well，letthatmango，andmakehaste，tosaytohismother:`HereIam，mother！’Lethimfeelatease，thetaskherewillbeperformedallthesame。
Whenonesupportsone’srelativesbyone’stoil，onehasnottherighttosacrificeone’sself。Thatisdesertingone’sfamily。
Andthosewhohavedaughters！whatareyouthinkingof？Yougetyourselveskilled，youaredead，thatiswell。Andtomorrow？Younggirlswithoutbread——thatisaterriblething。Manbegs，womansells。
Ah！thosecharmingandgraciousbeings，sograciousandsosweet，whohavebonnetsofflowers，whofillthehousewithpurity，whosingandprattle，whoarelikealivingperfume，whoprovetheexistenceofangelsinheavenbythepurityofvirginsonearth，thatJeanne，thatLise，thatMimi，thoseadorableandhonestcreatureswhoareyourblessingsandyourpride，ah！goodGod，theywillsufferhunger！
Whatdoyouwantmetosaytoyou？Thereisamarketforhumanflesh；
anditisnotwithyourshadowyhands，shudderingaroundthem，thatyouwillpreventthemfromenteringit！Thinkofthestreet，thinkofthepavementcoveredwithpassers—by，thinkoftheshopspastwhichwomengoandcomewithnecksallbare，andthroughthemire。
Thesewomen，too，werepureonce。Thinkofyoursisters，thoseofyouwhohavethem。Misery，prostitution，thepolice，Saint—Lazare——
thatiswhatthosebeautiful，delicategirls，thosefragilemarvelsofmodesty，gentlenessandloveliness，fresherthanlilacsinthemonthofMay，willcometo。Ah！youhavegotyourselveskilled！
Youarenolongeronhand！Thatiswell；youhavewishedtoreleasethepeoplefromRoyalty，andyoudeliveroveryourdaughterstothepolice。Friends，haveacare，havemercy。Women，unhappywomen，wearenotinthehabitofbestowingmuchthoughtonthem。
Wetrusttothewomennothavingreceivedaman’seducation，wepreventtheirreading，wepreventtheirthinking，wepreventtheiroccupyingthemselveswithpolitics；willyoupreventthemfromgoingtothedead—housethisevening，andrecognizingyourbodies？
Letussee，thosewhohavefamiliesmustbetractable，andshakehandswithusandtakethemselvesoff，andleaveusherealonetoattendtothisaffair。Iknowwellthatcourageisrequiredtoleave，thatitishard；buttheharderitis，themoremeritorious。
Yousay:`Ihaveagun，Iamatthebarricade；somuchtheworse，Ishallremainthere。’Somuchtheworseiseasilysaid。Myfriends，thereisamorrow；youwillnotbehereto—morrow，butyourfamilieswill；
andwhatsufferings！See，hereisapretty，healthychild，withcheekslikeanapple，whobabbles，prattles，chatters，wholaughs，whosmellssweetbeneathyourkiss，——anddoyouknowwhatbecomesofhimwhenheisabandoned？Ihaveseenone，averysmallcreature，notallerthanthat。Hisfatherwasdead。Poorpeoplehadtakenhiminoutofcharity，buttheyhadbreadonlyforthemselves。
Thechildwasalwayshungry。Itwaswinter。Hedidnotcry。
Youcouldseehimapproachthestove，inwhichtherewasneveranyfire，andwhosepipe，youknow，wasofmasticandyellowclay。
Hisbreathingwashoarse，hisfacelivid，hislimbsflaccid，hisbellyprominent。Hesaidnothing。Ifyouspoketohim，hedidnotanswer。Heisdead。HewastakentotheNeckerHospital，whereIsawhim。Iwashouse—surgeoninthathospital。Now，ifthereareanyfathersamongyou，fatherswhosehappinessitistostrollonSundaysholdingtheirchild’stinyhandintheirrobusthand，leteachoneofthosefathersimaginethatthischildishisown。
Thatpoorbrat，Iremember，andIseemtoseehimnow，whenhelaynudeonthedissectingtable，howhisribsstoodoutonhisskinlikethegravesbeneaththegrassinacemetery。Asortofmudwasfoundinhisstomach。Therewereashesinhisteeth。Come，letusexamineourselvesconscientiouslyandtakecounselwithourheart。
Statisticsshowthatthemortalityamongabandonedchildrenisfifty—fivepercent。Irepeat，itisaquestionofwomen，itconcernsmothers，itconcernsyounggirls，itconcernslittlechildren。Whoistalkingtoyouofyourselves？Weknowwellwhatyouare；weknowwellthatyouareallbrave，parbleu！weknowwellthatyouallhaveinyoursoulsthejoyandthegloryofgivingyourlifeforthegreatcause；
weknowwellthatyoufeelyourselveselectedtodieusefullyandmagnificently，andthateachoneofyouclingstohisshareinthetriumph。Verywell。Butyouarenotaloneinthisworld。
Thereareotherbeingsofwhomyoumustthink。Youmustnotbeegoists。"
Alldroppedtheirheadswithagloomyair。
Strangecontradictionsofthehumanheartatitsmostsublimemoments。Combeferre，whospokethus，wasnotanorphan。
Herecalledthemothersofothermen，andforgothisown。
Hewasabouttogethimselfkilled。Hewas"anegoist。"
Marius，fasting，fevered，havingemergedinsuccessionfromallhope，andhavingbeenstrandedingrief，themostsombreofshipwrecks，andsaturatedwithviolentemotionsandconsciousthattheendwasnear，hadplungeddeeperanddeeperintothatvisionarystuporwhichalwaysprecedesthefatalhourvoluntarilyaccepted。
Aphysiologistmighthavestudiedinhimthegrowingsymptomsofthatfebrileabsorptionknownto，andclassifiedby，science，andwhichistosufferingwhatvoluptuousnessistopleasure。
Despair，also，hasitsecstasy。Mariushadreachedthispoint。
Helookedonateverythingasfromwithout；aswehavesaid，thingswhichpassedbeforehimseemedfaraway；hemadeoutthewhole，butdidnotperceivethedetails。Hebeheldmengoingandcomingasthroughaflame。Heheardvoicesspeakingasatthebottomofanabyss。
Butthismovedhim。Therewasinthissceneapointwhichpiercedandrousedevenhim。Hehadbutoneideanow，todie；
andhedidnotwishtobeturnedasidefromit，buthereflected，inhisgloomysomnambulism，thatwhiledestroyinghimself，hewasnotprohibitedfromsavingsomeoneelse。
Heraisedhisvoice。
"EnjolrasandCombeferreareright，"saidhe；"nounnecessarysacrifice。
Ijointhem，andyoumustmakehaste。Combeferrehassaidconvincingthingstoyou。Therearesomeamongyouwhohavefamilies，mothers，sisters，wives，children。Letsuchleavetheranks。"
Noonestirred。
"Marriedmenandthesupportersoffamilies，stepoutoftheranks！"
repeatedMarius。
Hisauthoritywasgreat。Enjolraswascertainlytheheadofthebarricade，butMariuswasitssavior。
"Iorderit，"criedEnjolras。
"Ientreatyou，"saidMarius。
Then，touchedbyCombeferre’swords，shakenbyEnjolras’order，touchedbyMarius’entreaty，theseheroicmenbegantodenounceeachother。——"Itistrue，"saidoneyoungmantoafullgrownman，"youarethefatherofafamily。Go。"——"Itisyourdutyrather，"
retortedtheman，"youhavetwosisterswhomyoumaintain。"——
Andanunprecedentedcontroversybrokeforth。Eachstruggledtodeterminewhichshouldnotallowhimselftobeplacedatthedoorofthetomb。
"Makehaste，"saidCourfeyrac，"inanotherquarterofanhouritwillbetoolate。"
"Citizens，"pursuedEnjolras，"thisistheRepublic，anduniversalsuffragereigns。Doyouyourselvesdesignatethosewhoaretogo。"
Theyobeyed。Aftertheexpirationofafewminutes，fivewereunanimouslyselectedandsteppedoutoftheranks。
"Therearefiveofthem！"exclaimedMarius。
Therewereonlyfouruniforms。
"Well，"beganthefive，"onemuststaybehind。"
Andthenastrugglearoseastowhoshouldremain，andwhoshouldfindreasonsfortheothersnotremaining。Thegenerousquarrelbeganafresh。
"Youhaveawifewholovesyou。"——"Youhaveyouragedmother。"——"
Youhaveneitherfathernormother，andwhatistobecomeofyourthreelittlebrothers？"——"Youarethefatheroffivechildren。"——"Youhavearighttolive，youareonlyseventeen，itistooearlyforyoutodie。"
Thesegreatrevolutionarybarricadeswereassemblingpointsforheroism。
Theimprobablewassimplethere。Thesemendidnotastonisheachother。
"Bequick，"repeatedCourfeyrac。
MenshoutedtoMariusfromthegroups:
"Doyoudesignatewhoistoremain。"
"Yes，"saidthefive，"choose。Wewillobeyyou。"
Mariusdidnotbelievethathewascapableofanotheremotion。
Still，atthisidea，thatofchoosingamanfordeath，hisbloodrushedbacktohisheart。Hewouldhaveturnedpale，haditbeenpossibleforhimtobecomeanypaler。
Headvancedtowardsthefive，whosmileduponhim，andeach，withhiseyesfullofthatgrandflamewhichonebeholdsinthedepthsofhistoryhoveringoverThermopylae，criedtohim:
"Me！me！me！"
AndMariusstupidlycountedthem；therewerestillfiveofthem！
Thenhisglancedroppedtothefouruniforms。
Atthatmoment，afifthuniformfell，asiffromheaven，upontheotherfour。
Thefifthmanwassaved。
MariusraisedhiseyesandrecognizedM。Fauchelevent。
JeanValjeanhadjustenteredthebarricade。
HehadarrivedbywayofMondetourlane，whitherbydintofinquiriesmade，orbyinstinct，orchance。ThankstohisdressofaNationalGuardsman，hehadmadehiswaywithoutdifficulty。
ThesentinelstationedbytheinsurgentsintheRueMondetourhadnooccasiontogivethealarmforasingleNationalGuardsman，andhehadallowedthelattertoentanglehimselfinthestreet，sayingtohimself:"Probablyitisareinforcement，inanycaseitisaprisoner。"Themomentwastoogravetoadmitofthesentinelabandoninghisdutyandhispostofobservation。
AtthemomentwhenJeanValjeanenteredtheredoubt，noonehadnoticedhim，alleyesbeingfixedonthefivechosenmenandthefouruniforms。JeanValjeanalsohadseenandheard，andhehadsilentlyremovedhiscoatandflungitonthepilewiththerest。
Theemotionarousedwasindescribable。
"Whoisthisman？"demandedBossuet。
"Heisamanwhosavesothers，"repliedCombeferre。
Mariusaddedinagravevoice:
"Iknowhim。"
Thisguaranteesatisfiedeveryone。
EnjolrasturnedtoJeanValjean。
"Welcome，citizen。"
Andheadded:
"Youknowthatweareabouttodie。"
JeanValjean，withoutreplying，helpedtheinsurgentwhomhewassavingtodonhisuniform。
CHAPTERV
THEHORIZONWHICHONEBEHOLDSFROMTHESUMMITOFABARRICADE
Thesituationofallinthatfatalhourandthatpitilessplace，hadasresultandculminatingpointEnjolras’suprememelancholy。
Enjolrasborewithinhimtheplenitudeoftherevolution；
hewasincomplete，however，sofarastheabsolutecanbeso；
hehadtoomuchofSaint—Justabouthim，andnotenoughofAnacharsisCloots；still，hismind，inthesocietyoftheFriendsoftheABC，hadendedbyundergoingacertainpolarizationfromCombeferre’sideas；forsometimepast，hehadbeengraduallyemergingfromthenarrowformofdogma，andhadallowedhimselftoinclinetothebroadeninginfluenceofprogress，andhehadcometoaccept，asadefinitiveandmagnificentevolution，thetransformationofthegreatFrenchRepublic，intotheimmensehumanrepublic。
Asfarastheimmediatemeanswereconcerned，aviolentsituationbeinggiven，hewishedtobeviolent；onthatpoint，henevervaried；
andheremainedofthatepicandredoubtableschoolwhichissummedupinthewords:"Eighty—three。"Enjolraswasstandingerectonthestaircaseofpaving—stones，oneelbowrestingonthestockofhisgun。Hewasengagedinthought；hequivered，asatthepassageofpropheticbreaths；placeswheredeathishavetheseeffectsoftripods。Asortofstifledfiredartedfromhiseyes，whichwerefilledwithaninwardlook。Allatoncehethrewbackhishead，hisblondlocksfellbacklikethoseofanangelonthesombrequadrigamadeofstars，theywerelikethemaneofastartledlionintheflamingofanhalo，andEnjolrascried:
"Citizens，doyoupicturethefuturetoyourselves？Thestreetsofcitiesinundatedwithlight，greenbranchesonthethresholds，nationssisters，menjust，oldmenblessingchildren，thepastlovingthepresent，thinkersentirelyatliberty，believersontermsoffullequality，forreligionheaven，Godthedirectpriest，humanconsciencebecomeanaltar，nomorehatreds，thefraternityoftheworkshopandtheschool，forsolepenaltyandrecompensefame，workforall，rightforall，peaceoverall，nomorebloodshed，nomorewars，happymothers！Toconquermatteristhefirststep；
torealizetheidealisthesecond。Reflectonwhatprogresshasalreadyaccomplished。Formerly，thefirsthumanracesbeheldwithterrorthehydrapassbeforetheireyes，breathingonthewaters，thedragonwhichvomitedflame，thegriffinwhowasthemonsteroftheair，andwhoflewwiththewingsofaneagleandthetalonsofatiger；fearfulbeastswhichwereaboveman。
Man，nevertheless，spreadhissnares，consecratedbyintelligence，andfinallyconqueredthesemonsters。Wehavevanquishedthehydra，anditiscalledthelocomotive；weareonthepointofvanquishingthegriffin，wealreadygraspit，anditiscalledtheballoon。
OnthedaywhenthisPrometheantaskshallbeaccomplished，andwhenmanshallhavedefinitelyharnessedtohiswillthetripleChimaeraofantiquity，thehydra，thedragonandthegriffin，hewillbethemasterofwater，fire，andofair，andhewillbefortherestofanimatedcreationthatwhichtheancientgodsformerlyweretohim。Courage，andonward！Citizens，whitherarewegoing？Tosciencemadegovernment，totheforceofthingsbecomethesolepublicforce，tothenaturallaw，havinginitselfitssanctionanditspenaltyandpromulgatingitselfbyevidence，toadawnoftruthcorrespondingtoadawnofday。Weareadvancingtotheunionofpeoples；weareadvancingtotheunityofman。
Nomorefictions；nomoreparasites。Therealgovernedbythetrue，thatisthegoal。CivilizationwillholditsassizesatthesummitofEurope，and，lateron，atthecentreofcontinents，inagrandparliamentoftheintelligence。Somethingsimilarhasalreadybeenseen。Theamphictyonshadtwosittingsayear，oneatDelphostheseatofthegods，theotheratThermopylae，theplaceofheroes。Europewillhaveheramphictyons；theglobewillhaveitsamphictyons。Francebearsthissublimefutureinherbreast。Thisisthegestationofthenineteenthcentury。
ThatwhichGreecesketchedoutisworthyofbeingfinishedbyFrance。
Listentome，you，Feuilly，valiantartisan，manofthepeople。
Irevereyou。Yes，youclearlybeholdthefuture，yes，youareright。
Youhadneitherfathernormother，Feuilly；youadoptedhumanityforyourmotherandrightforyourfather。Youareabouttodie，thatistosaytotriumph，here。Citizens，whateverhappensto—day，throughourdefeataswellasthroughourvictory，itisarevolutionthatweareabouttocreate。Asconflagrationslightupawholecity，sorevolutionsilluminatethewholehumanrace。
Andwhatistherevolutionthatweshallcause？Ihavejusttoldyou，theRevolutionoftheTrue。Fromapoliticalpointofview，thereisbutasingleprinciple；thesovereigntyofmanoverhimself。
ThissovereigntyofmyselfovermyselfiscalledLiberty。Wheretwoorthreeofthesesovereigntiesarecombined，thestatebegins。
Butinthatassociationthereisnoabdication。Eachsovereigntyconcedesacertainquantityofitself，forthepurposeofformingthecommonright。Thisquantityisthesameforallofus。
Thisidentityofconcessionwhicheachmakestoall，iscalledEquality。
Commonrightisnothingelsethantheprotectionofallbeamingontherightofeach。ThisprotectionofallovereachiscalledFraternity。Thepointofintersectionofalltheseassembledsovereigntiesiscalledsociety。Thisintersectionbeingajunction，thispointisaknot。Hencewhatiscalledthesocialbond。
Somesaysocialcontract；whichisthesamething，thewordcontractbeingetymologicallyformedwiththeideaofabond。
Letuscometoanunderstandingaboutequality；for，iflibertyisthesummit，equalityisthebase。Equality，citizens，isnotwhollyasurfacevegetation，asocietyofgreatbladesofgrassandtinyoaks；
aproximityofjealousieswhichrendereachothernullandvoid；
legallyspeaking，itisallaptitudespossessedofthesameopportunity；
politically，itisallvotespossessedofthesameweight；
religiously，itisallconsciencespossessedofthesameright。
Equalityhasanorgan:gratuitousandobligatoryinstruction。
Therighttothealphabet，thatiswherethebeginningmustbemade。Theprimaryschoolimposedonall，thesecondaryschoolofferedtoall，thatisthelaw。Fromanidenticalschool，anidenticalsocietywillspring。Yes，instruction！light！light！
everythingcomesfromlight，andtoiteverythingreturns。
Citizens，thenineteenthcenturyisgreat，butthetwentiethcenturywillbehappy。Then，therewillbenothingmorelikethehistoryofold，weshallnolonger，asto—day，havetofearaconquest，aninvasion，ausurpation，arivalryofnations，armsinhand，aninterruptionofcivilizationdependingonamarriageofkings，onabirthinhereditarytyrannies，apartitionofpeoplesbyacongress，adismembermentbecauseofthefailureofadynasty，acombatoftworeligionsmeetingfacetoface，liketwobucksinthedark，onthebridgeoftheinfinite；weshallnolongerhavetofearfamine，farmingout，prostitutionarisingfromdistress，miseryfromthefailureofworkandthescaffoldandthesword，andbattlesandtheruffianismofchanceintheforestofevents。
Onemightalmostsay:Therewillbenomoreevents。Weshallbehappy。Thehumanracewillaccomplishitslaw，astheterrestrialglobeaccomplishesitslaw；harmonywillbere—establishedbetweenthesoulandthestar；thesoulwillgravitatearoundthetruth，astheplanetaroundthelight。Friends，thepresenthourinwhichI
amaddressingyou，isagloomyhour；buttheseareterriblepurchasesofthefuture。Arevolutionisatoll。Oh！thehumanracewillbedelivered，raisedup，consoled！Weaffirmitonthisbarrier。
Whenceshouldproceedthatcryoflove，ifnotfromtheheightsofsacrifice？Ohmybrothers，thisisthepointofjunction，ofthosewhothinkandofthosewhosuffer；thisbarricadeisnotmadeofpaving—stones，norofjoists，norofbitsofiron；
itismadeoftwoheaps，aheapofideas，andaheapofwoes。
Heremiserymeetstheideal。Thedayembracesthenight，andsaystoit:`Iamabouttodie，andthoushaltbebornagainwithme。’Fromtheembraceofalldesolationsfaithleapsforth。
Sufferingsbringhithertheiragonyandideastheirimmortality。
Thisagonyandthisimmortalityareabouttojoinandconstituteourdeath。Brothers，hewhodiesherediesintheradianceofthefuture，andweareenteringatomballfloodedwiththedawn。"
Enjolraspausedratherthanbecamesilent；hislipscontinuedtomovesilently，asthoughheweretalkingtohimself，whichcausedthemalltogazeattentivelyathim，intheendeavortohearmore。
Therewasnoapplause；buttheywhisperedtogetherforalongtime。
Speechbeingabreath，therustlingofintelligencesresemblestherustlingofleaves。
CHAPTERVI
MARIUSHAGGARD，JAVERTLACONIC
LetusnarratewhatwaspassinginMarius’thoughts。
Letthereaderrecallthestateofhissoul。Wehavejustrecalledit，everythingwasavisiontohimnow。Hisjudgmentwasdisturbed。
Marius，letusinsistonthispoint，wasundertheshadowofthegreat，darkwingswhicharespreadoverthoseinthedeathagony。
Hefeltthathehadenteredthetomb，itseemedtohimthathewasalreadyontheothersideofthewall，andhenolongerbeheldthefacesofthelivingexceptwiththeeyesofonedead。
HowdidM。Faucheleventcomethere？Whywashethere？Whathadhecometheretodo？Mariusdidnotaddressallthesequestionstohimself。Besides，sinceourdespairhasthispeculiarity，thatitenvelopsothersaswellasourselves，itseemedlogicaltohimthatalltheworldshouldcomethithertodie。
Only，hethoughtofCosettewithapangathisheart。
However，M。Faucheleventdidnotspeaktohim，didnotlookathim，andhadnoteventheairofhearinghim，whenMariusraisedhisvoicetosay:"Iknowhim。"
AsfarasMariuswasconcerned，thisattitudeofM。Faucheleventwascomforting，and，ifsuchawordcanbeusedforsuchimpressions，weshouldsaythatitpleasedhim。Hehadalwaysfelttheabsoluteimpossibilityofaddressingthatenigmaticalman，whowas，inhiseyes，bothequivocalandimposing。Moreover，ithadbeenalongtimesincehehadseenhim；andthisstillfurtheraugmentedtheimpossibilityforMarius’timidandreservednature。
ThefivechosenmenleftthebarricadebywayofMondetourlane；
theyboreaperfectresemblancetomembersoftheNationalGuard。
Oneofthemweptashetookhisleave。Beforesettingout，theyembracedthosewhoremained。
Whenthefivemensentbacktolifehadtakentheirdeparture，Enjolrasthoughtofthemanwhohadbeencondemnedtodeath。
Heenteredthetap—room。Javert，stillboundtothepost，wasengagedinmeditation。
"Doyouwantanything？"Enjolrasaskedhim。
"Javertreplied:"Whenareyougoingtokillme？"
"Wait。Weneedallourcartridgesjustatpresent。"
"Thengivemeadrink，"saidJavert。
Enjolrashimselfofferedhimaglassofwater，and，asJavertwaspinioned，hehelpedhimtodrink。
"Isthatall？"inquiredEnjolras。
"Iamuncomfortableagainstthispost，"repliedJavert。
"Youarenottendertohaveleftmetopassthenighthere。
Bindmeasyouplease，butyousurelymightlaymeoutonatablelikethatotherman。"
Andwithamotionofthehead，heindicatedthebodyofM。Mabeuf。
Therewas，asthereaderwillremember，along，broadtableattheendoftheroom，onwhichtheyhadbeenrunningbulletsandmakingcartridges。Allthecartridgeshavingbeenmade，andallthepowderused，thistablewasfree。
AtEnjolras’command，fourinsurgentsunboundJavertfromthepost。
Whiletheywereloosinghim，afifthheldabayonetagainsthisbreast。
Leavinghisarmstiedbehindhisback，theyplacedabouthisfeetaslenderbutstoutwhip—cord，asisdonetomenonthepointofmountingthescaffold，whichallowedhimtotakestepsaboutfifteeninchesinlength，andmadehimwalktothetableattheendoftheroom，wheretheylaidhimdown，closelyboundaboutthemiddleofthebody。
Bywayoffurthersecurity，andbymeansofaropefastenedtohisneck，theyaddedtothesystemofligatureswhichrenderedeveryattemptatescapeimpossible，thatsortofbondwhichiscalledinprisonsamartingale，which，startingattheneck，forksonthestomach，andmeetsthehands，afterpassingbetweenthelegs。
WhiletheywerebindingJavert，amanstandingonthethresholdwassurveyinghimwithsingularattention。TheshadowcastbythismanmadeJavertturnhishead。Heraisedhiseyes，andrecognizedJeanValjean。Hedidnotevenstart，butdroppedhislidsproudlyandconfinedhimselftotheremark:"Itisperfectlysimple。"
CHAPTERVII
THESITUATIONBECOMESAGGRAVATED
Thedaylightwasincreasingrapidly。Notawindowwasopened，notadoorstoodajar；itwasthedawnbutnottheawaking。
TheendoftheRuedelaChanvrerie，oppositethebarricade，hadbeenevacuatedbythetroops，aswehavestateditseemedtobefree，andpresenteditselftopassers—bywithasinistertranquillity。
TheRueSaint—DeniswasasdumbastheavenueofSphinxesatThebes。
Notalivingbeinginthecross—roads，whichgleamedwhiteinthelightofthesun。Nothingissomournfulasthislightindesertedstreets。
Nothingwastobeseen，buttherewassomethingtobeheard。