35。Thefollowingday，thehospitablemanwhohadbeenconvertedbythepreachingofSt。Germanus，wasbaptized，withhissons，andalltheinhabitantsofthatpartofthecountry；andSt。Germanusblessedhim，saying，"akingshallnotbewantingofthyseedforever。"ThenameofthispersonisCatelDrunlue：*"fromhence—
forwardthoushaltbeakingallthedaysofthylife。"ThuswasfulfilledtheprophecyofthePsalmist："Heraisethupthepooroutofthedust，andliftethuptheneedyoutofthedunghill。"
AndagreeablytothepredictionofSt。Germanus，fromaservanthebecameaking：allhissonswerekings，andfromtheiroffspringthewholecountryofPowyshasbeengovernedtothisday。
*OrCadellDeyrnllug，princeoftheValeRoyalandtheupperpartofPowys。
36。AftertheSaxonshadcontinuedsometimeintheislandofThanet，Vortigernpromisedtosupplythemwithclothingandprovision，onconditiontheywouldengagetofightagainsttheenemiesofhiscountry。Butthebarbarianshavinggreatlyincreasedinnumber，theBritonsbecameincapableoffulfillingtheirengagement；andwhentheSaxons，accordingtothepromisetheyhadreceived，claimedasupplyofprovisionsandclothing，theBritonsreplied，"Yournumberisincreased；yourassistanceisnowunneccessary；youmay，therefore，returnhome，forwecannolongersupportyou；"andhereupontheybegantodevisemeansofbreakingthepeacebetweenthem。
37。ButHengist，inwhomunitedcraftandpenetration，perceivinghehadtoactwithanignorantking，andafluctuatingpeople，incapableofopposingmuchresistance，repliedtoVortigern，"Weare，indeed，fewinnumber；but，ifyouwillgiveusleave，wewillsendtoourcountryforanadditionalnumberofforces，withwhomwewillfightforyouandyoursubjects。"Vortigernassentingtothisproposal，messengersweredespatchedtoScythia，whereselectinganumberofwarliketroops，theyreturnedwithsixteenvessels，bringingwiththemthebeautifuldaughterofHengist。
AndnowtheSaxonchiefpreparedanentertainment，towhichheinvitedtheking，hisofficers，andCeretic，hisinterpreter，havingpreviouslyenjoinedhisdaughtertoservethemsoprofuselywithwineandale，thattheymightsoonbecomeintoxicated。Thisplansucceeded；andVortigern，attheinstigationofthedevil，andenamouredwiththebeautyofthedamsel，demandedher，throughthemediumofhisinterpreter，ofthefather，promisingtogiveforherwhateverheshouldask。ThenHengist，whohadalreadyconsultedwiththeelderswhoattendedhimoftheOghgul[1]race，demandedforhisdaughtertheprovince，calledinEnglish，Centland，inBritish，Ceint，（Kent。）Thiscessionwasmadewithouttheknowledgeoftheking，Guoyrancgonus，[2]whothenreignedinKent，andwhoexperiencednoinconsiderableshareofgrief，fromseeinghiskingdomthusclandestinely，fraudulently，andimprudentlyresignedtoforeigners。Thusthemaidwasdelivereduptotheking，whosleptwithher，andlovedherexceedingly。
[1]V。R。WhohadcomewithhimfromtheislandofOghgul，Oehgul（orTingle），Angul。AccordingtoGunn，asmallislandintheduchyofSleswickinDenmark，nowcalledAngel，ofwhichFlensburgisthemetropolis。HencetheoriginoftheAngles。
[2]V。R。Gnoiramcono，Goiranegono，Guiracgono。Malmesbury，Gorongi；Camden，Guorong，supposedtomeangovernor，orviceroy。
38。Hengist，afterthis，saidtoVortigern，"Iwillbetoyoubothafatherandanadviser；despisenotmycounsels，andyoushallhavenoreasontofearbeingconqueredbyanymanoranynationwhatever；forthepeopleofmycountryarestrong，warlike，androbust：ifyouapprove，Iwillsendformysonandhisbrother，bothvaliantmen，whoatmyinvitationwillfightagainsttheScots，andyoucangivethemthecountriesinthenorth，nearthewallcalledGual。"[1]Theincautioussovereignhavingassentedtothis，OctaandEbusaarrivedwithfortyships。InthesetheysailedroundthecountryofthePicts，laidwastetheOrkneys，andtookpossessionofmanyregions，eventothePictishconfines。[2]
[1]Antoninus’swall。
[2]SomeMSS。add，"beyondtheFrenesic，Fresicum（orFresic）sea，"
i。e。whichisbetweenusandtheScotch。TheseabetweenScotlandandIreland。Camdentranslatesit"beyondtheFrith；"Langhornesays，"SolwayFrith。"
ButHengistcontinued，bydegrees，sendingforshipsfromhisowncountry，sothatsomeislandswhencetheycamewereleftwithoutinhabitants；andwhilsthispeoplewereincreasinginpowerandnumber，theycametotheabove—namedprovinceofKent。
39。Inthemeantime，Vortigern，asifdesirousofaddingtotheevilshehadalreadyoccasioned，marriedhisowndaughter，bywhomhehadason。WhenthiswasmadeknowntoSt。Germanus，hecame，withalltheBritishclergy，toreprovehim：andwhilstanumerousassemblyoftheecclesiasticsandlaitywereinconsultation，theweakkingorderedhisdaughtertoappearbeforethem，andinthepresenceofalltopresenthersontoSt。Germanus，anddeclarethathewasthefatherofthechild。Theimmodest*womanobeyed；
andSt。Germanus，takingthechild，said，"Iwillbeafathertoyou，myson；norwillIdismissyoutillarazor，scissors，andcomb，aregiventome，anditisallowedyoutogivethemtoyourcarnalfather。"ThechildobeyedSt。Germanus，andgoingtohisfatherVortigern，saidtohim，"Thouartmyfather；shaveandcutthehairofmyhead。"Thekingblushed，andwassilent；and，withoutreplyingtothechild，aroseingreatanger，andfledfromthepresenceofSt。Germanus，execratedandcondemnedbythewholesynod。
[1]V。R。"Immodest"isomittedinsomeMSS。
40。Butsoonafter，callingtogetherhistwelvewisemen，toconsultwhatwastobedone，theysaidtohim，"Retiretotheremoteboundariesofyourkingdom；therebuildandfortifyacity[1]
todefendyourself，forthepeopleyouhavereceivedaretreacherous；
theyareseekingtosubdueyoubystratagem，and，evenduringyourlife，toseizeuponallthecountriessubjecttoyourpower，howmuchmorewilltheyattempt，afteryourdeath！"Theking，pleasedwiththisadvice，departedwithhiswisemen，andtravelledthroughmanypartsofhisterritories，insearchofaplaceconvenientforthepurposeofbuildingacitadel。Having，tonopurpose，travelledfarandwide，theycameatlengthtoaprovincecalledGuenet；[2]andhavingsurveyedthemountainsofHeremus，[3]theydiscovered，onthesummitofoneofthem，asituation，adaptedtotheconsturctionofacitadel。Uponthis，thewisemensaidtotheking，"Buildhereacity：for，inthisplace，itwilleverbesecureagainstthebarbarians。"Thenthekingsentforartificers，carpenters，stone—masons，andcollectedallthematerialsrequisitetobuilding；butthewholeofthesedisappearedinonenight，sothatnothingremainedofwhathadbeenprovidedfortheconstructingofthecitadel。Materialswere，therefore，fromallparts，procuredasecondandthirdtime，andagainvanishedasbefore，leavingandrenderingeveryeffortineffectual。Vortigerninquiredofhiswisementhecauseofthisoppositiontohisundertaking，andofsomuchuselessexpenseoflabour？Theyreplied，"Youmustfindachildbornwithoutafather，puthimtodeath，andsprinklewithhisbloodthegroundonwhichthecitadelistobebuilt，oryouwillneveraccomplishyourpurpose。"
[1]V。R。Youshallfindafortifiedcityinwhichyoumaydefendyourself。
[2]V。R。Guined，Guoienet，Guenez，NorthWales。
[3]V。R。Heremi，Heriri，orEryri，signifyingeaglerocks，themountainsofSnowdon，inCarnarvonshire。ThespotalludedtoissupposedtobeDinasEmrys，orthefortressofAmbrosius。
41。Inconsequenceofthisreply，thekingsentmessengersthrough—
outBritain，insearchofachildbornwithoutafather。Afterhavinginquiredinalltheprovinces，theycametothefieldofAelecti，[1]inthedistrictofGlevesing，[2]whereapartyofboyswereplayingatball。Andtwoofthemquarrelling，onesaidtotheother，"Oboywithoutafather，nogoodwilleverhappentoyou。"Uponthis，themessengersdiligentlyinquiredofthemotherandtheotherboys，whetherhehadhadafather？Whichhismotherdenied，saying，"InwhatmannerhewasconceivedIknownot，forIhaveneverhadintercoursewithanyman；"andthenshesolemnlyaffirmedthathehadnomortalfather。Theboywas，therefore，ledaway，andconductedbeforeVortigerntheking。
[1]V。R。Elleti，Electi，Gleti。SupposedtobeBassaliginMonmouthshire。
[2]ThedistrictbetweentheUskandRumney，inMonmouthshire。
42。Ameetingtookplacethenextdayforthepurposeofputtinghimtodeath。Thentheboysaidtotheking，"Whyhaveyourservantsbroughtmehither？""Thatyoumaybeputtodeath，"
repliedtheking，"andthatthegroundonwhichmycitadelistostand，maybesprinkledwithyourblood，withoutwhichIshallbeunabletobuildit。""Who，"saidtheboy，"instructedyoutodothis？""Mywisemen，"answeredtheking。"Orderthemhither，"
returnedtheboy；thisbeingcompliedwith，hethusquestionedthem："Bywhatmeanswasitrevealedtoyouthatthiscitadelcouldnotbebuilt，unlessthespotwerepreviouslysprinkledwithmyblood？Speakwithoutdisguise，anddeclarewhodiscoveredmetoyou；"thenturningtotheking，"Iwillsoon，"saidhe，"unfoldtoyoueverything；butIdesiretoquestionyourwisemen，andwishthemtodisclosetoyouwhatishiddenunderthispavement："
theyacknowledgingtheirignorance，"thereis，"saidhe，"apool；
comeanddig："theydidso，andfoundthepool。"Now，"continuedhe，"tellmewhatisinit；"buttheywereashamed，andmadenoreply。"I，"saidtheboy，"candiscoverittoyou：therearetwovasesinthepool；"theyexaminedandfounditso：continuinghisquestions，"Whatisinthevases？"theyweresilent："thereisatentinthem，"saidtheboy；"separatethem，andyoushallfinditso；"thisbeingdonebytheking’scommand，therewasfoundinthemafoldedtent。Theboy，goingonwithhisquestions，askedthewisemenwhatwasinit？Buttheynotknowingwhattoreply，"Thereare，"saidhe，"twoserpents，onewhiteandtheotherred；
unfoldthetent；"theyobeyed，andtwosleepingserpentswerediscovered；"considerattentively，"saidtheboy，"whattheyaredoing。"Theserpentsbegantostrugglewitheachother；andthewhiteone，raisinghimselfup，threwdowntheotherintothemiddleofthetent，andsometimesdrovehimtotheedgeofit；andthiswasrepeatedthrice。Atlengththeredone，apparentlytheweakerofthetwo，recoveringhisstrength，expelledthewhiteonefromthetent；andthelatterbeingpursuedthroughthepoolbytheredone，disappeared。Thentheboy，askingthewisemenwhatwassignifiedbythiswonderfulomen，andtheyexpressingtheirignorance，hesaidtotheking，"Iwillnowunfoldtoyouthemeaningofthismystery。Thepoolistheemblemofthisworld，andthetentthatofyourkingdom：thetwoserpentsaretwodragons；
theredserpentisyourdragon，butthewhiteserpentisthedragonofthepeoplewhooccupyseveralprovincesanddistrictsofBritain，evenalmostfromseatosea：atlength，however，ourpeopleshallriseanddriveawaytheSaxonracefrombeyondthesea，whencetheyoriginallycame；butdoyoudepartfromthisplace，whereyouarenotpermittedtoerectacitadel；I，towhomfatehasallottedthismansion，shallremainhere；whilsttoyouitisincumbenttoseekotherprovinces，whereyoumaybuildafortress。""Whatisyourname？"askedtheking；"IamcalledAmbrose（inBritishEmbresguletic），"returnedtheboy；andinanswertotheking’squestion，"Whatisyourorigin？"hereplied，"ARomanconsulwasmyfather。"
Thenthekingassignedhimthatcity，withallthewesternProvincesofBritain；anddepartingwithhiswisementothesinistraldistrict，hearrivedintheregionnamedGueneri，wherehebuiltacitywhich，accordingtohisname，wascalledCairGuorthegirn。*
*Anancientscholiastadds，"HethenbuiltGuasmoric，nearLugubalia[Carlisle]，acitywhichinEnglishiscalledPalmecaster。"
Somedifferenceofopinionexistsamongantiquariesrespectingthesiteofvortigern’scastleorcity。UsherplacesitatGwent，Monmouthshire，whichname，heways，wastakenfromCaer—Went，nearChepstow。ThisappearstoagreewithGeoffrey’saccount，{illegible}
SeeUsher’sBritan。Eccles。cap。v。p。23。Accordingtoothers，supposedtobethecityfromtheruinsofwhicharosethecastleofGurthrenion，inRadnorshire，Camden’sBritannia，p。479。Whitaker，however，saysthatCairGuorthegirnwastheMaridunumoftheRomans，andthepresentCaermarthen。（Hist。OfManchester，bookii。c。1。）SeealsoNennius，sec。47。
43。AtlengthVortimer，thesonofVortigern，valiantlyfoughtagainstHengist，Horsa，andhispeople；drovethemtotheisleofThanet，andthriceenclosedthemwithinit，andbesetthemontheWesternside。
TheSaxonsnowdespatcheddeputiestoGermanytosolicitlargereinforcements，andanadditionalnumberofships：havingobtainedthese，theyfoughtagainstthekingsandprincesofBritain，andsometimesextendedtheirboundariesbyvictory，andsometimeswereconqueredanddrivenback。
44。FourtimesdidVortimervalorouslyencountertheenemy；[1]
thefirsthasbeenmentioned，thesecondwasupontheriverDarent，thethirdattheFord，intheirlanguagecalledEpsford，thoughinoursSetthirgabail，[2]thereHorsafell，andCatigern，thesonofVortigern；thefourthbattlehefoughtwasnearthestone[3]
ontheshoreoftheGallicsea，wheretheSaxonsbeingdefeated，fledtotheirships。
[1]SomeMSS。hereadd，"ThisVortimer，thesonofVortigern，inasynodheldatGuartherniaun，afterthewickedking，onaccountoftheincestcommittedwithhisdaughter，fledfromthefaceofGermanusandtheBritishclergy，wouldnotconsenttohisfather’swickedness；butreturningtoSt。Germanus，andfallingdownathisfeet，hesuedforpardon；andinatonementforthecalumnybroughtuponGermanusbyhisfatherandsister，gavehimtheland，inwhichtheforementionedbishophadenduredsuchabuse，tobehisforever。
Whence，inmemoryofSt。Germanus，itreceivedthenameGuarenniaun（Guartherniaun，Gurthrenion，GwarthEnnian）whichsignifies，acalumnyjustlyretorted，since，whenhethoughttoreproachthebishop，hecoveredhimselfwithreproach。"
[2]AccordingtoLanghorne，Epsfordwasafterwardscalled，intheBritishtongue，Saessenaeghabail，or’theslaughteroftheSaxons。’
[3]V。R。"ThestoneofTitulus，thoughttobeStoneinKent，orLarger—stoneinSuffolk。
AfterashortintervalVortimerdied；beforehisdecease，anxiousforthefutureprosperityofhiscountry，hechargedhisfriendstointerhisbodyattheentranceoftheSaxonport，viz。upontherockwheretheSaxonsfirstlanded；"forthough，"saidhe，"theymayinhabitotherpartsofBritain，yetifyoufollowmycommands，theywillneverremaininthisisland。"Theyimprudentlydisobeyedthislastinjunction，andneglectedtoburyhimwherehehadap—
pointed。*
*RapinsayshewasburiedatLincoln；Geoffrey，atLondon。
45。Afterthisthebarbariansbecamefirmlyincorporated，andwereassistedbyforeignpagans；forVortigernwastheirfriend，onaccountofthedaughter*ofHengist，whomhesomuchloved，thatnoonedurstfightagainsthim—inthemeantimetheysoothedtheimprudentking，andwhilstpractisingeveryappearanceoffondness，wereplottingwithhisenemies。Andlethimthatreadsunderstand，thattheSaxonswerevictorious，andruledBritain，notfromtheirsuperiorprowess，butonaccountofthegreatsinsoftheBritons：Godsopermittingit。
ForwhatwisemanwillresistthewholesomecounselofGod？TheAlmightyistheKingofkings，andtheLordoflords，rulingandjudgingeveryone，accordingtohisownpleasure。
AfterthedeathofVortimer，Hengistbeingstrengthenedbynewaccessions，collectedhisships，andcallinghisleaderstogether，consultedbywhatstratagemtheymightovercomeVortigernandhisarmy；withinsidiousintentiontheysentmessengerstotheking，withoffersofpeaceandperpetualfriendship；unsuspiciousoftreachery，themonarch，afteradvisingwithhiselders，acceptedtheproposals。
*V。R。Ofhiswife，andnoonewasablemanfullytodrivethemoffbecausetheyhadoccupiedBritainnotfromtheirownvalour，butbyGod’spermission。
46。Hengist，underpretenceofratifyingthetreaty，preparedanentertainment，towhichheinvitedtheking，thenobles，andmilitaryofficers，innumberaboutthreehundred；speciouslyconcealinghiswickedintention，heorderedthreehundredSaxonstoconcealeachaknifeunderhisfeet，andtomixwiththeBritons；
"andwhen，"saidhe，"theyaresufficientlyinebriated，&c。cryout，’NimedeureSaxes，’thenleteachdrawhisknife，andkillhisman；butsparetheking，onaccountofhismarriagewithmydaughter，foritisbetterthatheshouldberansomedthankilled。"*
*TheVV。RR。Ofthissectionaretoonumeroustobeinserted。
Thekingwithhiscompany，appearedatthefeast；andmixingwiththeSaxons，who，whilsttheyspokepeacewiththeirtongues，cherishedtreacheryintheirhearts，eachmanwasplacednexttohisenemy。
Aftertheyhadeatenanddrunk，andweremuchintoxicated，Hengistsuddenlyvociferated，"NimedeureSaxes！"andinstantlyhisadherentsdrewtheirknives，andrushingupontheBritons，eachslewhimthatsatnexttohim，andtherewasslainthreehundredofthenoblesofVortigern。Thekingbeingacaptive，purchasedhisredemption，bydeliveringupthethreeprovincesofEast，South，andMiddleSex，besidesotherdistrictsattheoptionofhisbetrayers。
47。St。GermanusadmonishedVortigerntoturntothetrueGod，andabstainfromallunlawfulintercoursewithhisdaughter；buttheunhappywretchfledforrefugetotheprovinceGuorthegirnaim，*
socalledfromhisownname，whereheconcealedhimselfwithhiswives：butSt。GermanusfollowedhimwithalltheBritishclergy，anduponarockprayedforhissinsduringfortydaysandfortynights。
*AdistrictofRadnorshire，formingthepresenthundredofRhaiadr。
TheBlessedmanwasunanimouslychosencommanderagainsttheSaxons。
Andthen，notbytheclangoftrumpets，butbypraying，singinghallelujah，andbythecriesofthearmytoGod，theenemieswererouted，anddriveneventothesea。*
*V。R。ThisparagraphisomittedintheMSS。
AgainVortigernignominiouslyflewfromSt。GermanustothekingdomoftheDimetae，where，ontheriverTowy，*hebuiltacastle，whichhenamedCairGuothergirn。Thesaint，asusual，followedhimthere，andwithhisclergyfastedandprayedtotheLordthreedays，andasmanynights。Onthethirdnight，atthethirdhour，firefellsuddenlyfromheaven，andtotallyburnedthecastle。Vortigern，thedaughterofHengist，hisotherwives，andalltheinhabitants，bothmenandwomen，miserablyperished：suchwastheendofthisunhappyking，aswefindwritteninthelifeofSt。Germanus。
*TheTobiasofPtolemy47。Othersassureus，thatbeinghatedbyallthepeopleofBritain，forhavingreceivedtheSaxons，andbeingpubliclychargedbySt。
GermanusandtheclergyinthesightofGod，hebetookhimselftoflight；and，thatdesertedandawanderer，hesoughtaplaceofrefuge，tillbrokenhearted，hemadeanignominiousend。
Someaccountsstate，thattheearthopenedandswallowedhimup，onthenighthiscastlewasburned；asnoremainswerediscoveredthefollowingmorning，eitherofhim，orofthosewhowereburnedwithhim。
Hehadthreesons：theeldestwasVortimer，who，aswehaveseen，foughtfourtimesagainsttheSaxons，andputthemtoflight；
thesecondCategirn，whowasslaininthesamebattlewithHorsa；
thethirdwasPascent，whoreignedinthetwoprovincesBuilthandGuorthegirnaim，[1]afterthedeathofhisfather。TheseweregrantedhimbyAmbrosius，whowasthegreatkingamongthekingsofBritain。ThefourthwasFaustus，bornofanincestuousmarriagewithhisdaughter，whowasbroughtupandeducatedbySt。Germanus。HebuiltalargemonasteryonthebanksoftheriverRenis，calledafterhisname，andwhichremainstothepresentperiod。[2]
[1]InthenorthernpartofthepresentcountiesofRadnorandBrecknock。
[2]V。R。TheMSS。add，’andhehadonedaughter，whowasthemotherofSt。Faustus。’
49。ThisisthegenealogyofVortigern，whichgoesbacktoFernvail，[1]whoreignedinthekingdomofGuorthegirnaim，[2]
andwasthesonofTeudor；TeudorwasthesonofPascent；PascentofGuoidcant；GuoidcantofMoriud；MoriudofEltat；EltatofEldoc；EldocofPaul；PaulofMeuprit；MeupritofBraciat；
BraciatofPascent；PascentofGuorthegirn，GuorthegirnofGuortheneu；GuortheneuofGuitaul；GuitaulofGuitolion；GuitolionofGloui。Bonus，Paul，Mauron，Guotelin，werefourbrothers，whobuiltGloiuda，agreatcityuponthebanksoftheriverSevern，andinBirtishiscalledCairGloui，inSaxon，Gloucester。EnoughhasbeensaidofVortigern。
[1]Fernvail，orFarinmail，appearstohavebeenkingofGwentorMonmouth。
[2]V。R。’Twoprovinces，BuilthandGuorthegirnaim。’
50。St。Germanus，afterhisdeath，returnedintohisowncountry。
*Atthattime，theSaxonsgreatlyincreasedinBritain，bothinstrengthandnumbers。AndOcta，afterthedeathofhisfatherHengist，camefromthesinistralpartoftheislandtothekingdomofKent，andfromhimhaveproceededallthekingsofthatprovince，tothepresentperiod。
*V。R。Allthistotheword’Amen，’inotherMSS。isplacedafterthelegendofSt。Patrick。
Thenitwas，thatthemagnanimousArthur，withallthekingsandmilitaryforceofBritain，foughtagainsttheSaxons。Andthoughthereweremanymorenoblethanhimself，yethewastwelvetimeschosentheircommander，andwasasoftenconqueror。Thefirstbattleinwhichhewasengaged，wasatthemouthoftheriverGleni。[1]Thesecond，third，fourth，andfifth，wereonanotherriver，bytheBritonscalledDuglas，[2]intheregionLinuis。
Thesixth，ontheriverBassas。[3]TheseventhinthewoodCelidon，whichtheBritonscallCatCoitCelidon。[4]TheeighthwasnearGurnioncastle，[5]whereArthurboretheimageoftheHolyVirgin，[6]
motherofGod，uponhisshoulders，andthroughthepowerofourLordJesusChrist，andtheholyMary，puttheSaxonstoflight，andpursuedthemthewholedaywithgreatslaughter。[7]TheninthwasattheCityofLegion，[8]whichiscalledCairLion。ThetenthwasonthebanksoftheriverTratTreuroit。[9]TheeleventhwasonthemountainBreguoin，whichwecallCatBregion。[10]Thetwelfthwasamostseverecontest，whenArthurpenetratedtothehillofBadon。[11]Inthisengagement，ninehundredandfortyfellbyhishandalone，noonebuttheLordaffordinghimassistance。
InalltheseengagementstheBritonsweresuccessful。FornostrengthcanavailagainstthewilloftheAlmighty。
[1]SupposedbysometobetheGlem，inLincolnshire；butmostprobablytheGlen，inthenorthernpartofNorthumberland。
[2]OrDubglas。ThelittleriverDunglas，whichformedthesouthernboundaryofLothian。Whitakersays，theriverDuglas，inLancashire，nearWigan。
[3]Notariver，butanisolatedrockintheFrithofForth，nearthetownofNorthBerwick，called"TheBass。"SomethinkitistheriverLusas，inHampshire。
[4]TheCaledonianforest；ortheforestofEnglewood，extendingfromPenrithtoCarlisle。
[5]VariouslysupposedtobeinCornwall，orBinchesterinDurham，butmostprobablytheRomanstationofGarionenum，nearYarmouth，inNorfolk。
[6]V。R。TheimageofthecrossofChrist，andoftheperpetualvirginSt。Mary。
[7]V。R。ForArthurproceededtoJerusalem，andtheremadeacrosstothesizeoftheSaviour’scross，andthereitwasconsecrated，andforthreesuccessivedayshefasted，watched，andprayed，beforetheLord’scross，thattheLordwouldgivehimthevictory，bythissign，overtheheathen；whichalsotookplace，andhetookwithhimtheimageofSt。Mary，thefragmentsofwhicharestillpreservedingreatvenerationatWedale，inEnglishWodale，inLatinVallis—doloris。WodaleisavillageintheprovinceofLodonesia，butnowofthejurisdictionofthebishopofSt。Andrew’s，ofScotland，sixmilesonthewestofthatheretoforenobleandeminentmonasteryofMeilros。
[8]Exeter。
[9]OrRibroit，theBrue，inSomersetshire；ortheRibble，inLancashire。
[10]OrAgnedCathregonion，Cadbury，inSomersetshire；orEdinburgh[11]Bath。
ThemoretheSaxonswerevanquished，themoretheysoughtfornewsuppliesofSaxonsfromGermany；sothatkings，commanders，andmilitarybandswereinvitedoverfromalmosteveryprovince。AndthispracticetheycontinuedtillthereignofIda，whowasthesonofEoppa，he，oftheSaxonrace，wasthefirstkinginBernicia，andinCairEbrauc（York）。
WhenGratianAequantiuswasconsulatrome，becausethenthewholeworldwasgovernedbytheRomanconsuls，theSaxonswerereceivedbyVortigernintheyearofourLordfourhundredandforty—seven，andtotheyearinwhichwenowwrite，fivehundredandforty—seven。
Andwhosoevershallreadhereinmayreceiveinstruction，theLordJesusChristaffordingassistance，who，co—eternalwiththeFatherandtheHolyGhost，livesandreignsforeverandever。Amen。
InthosedaysSaintPatrickwascaptiveamongtheScots。Hismaster’snamewasMilcho，towhomhewasaswineherdforsevenyears。Whenhehadattainedtheageofseventeenhegavehimhisliberty。Bythedivineimpulse，heappliedhimselftoreadingoftheScriptures，andafterwardswenttoRome；where，replenishedwiththeHolySpirit，hecontinuedagreatwhile，studyingthesacredmysteriesofthosewritings。Duringhiscontinuancethere，Palladius，thefirstbishop，wassentbypopeCelestinetoconverttheScots[theIrish]。ButtempestsandsignsfromGodpreventedhislanding，fornoonecanarriveinanycountry，exceptitbeallowedfromabove；alteringthereforehiscoursefromIreland，hecametoBritainanddiedinthelandofthePicts。*
*AtFordun，inthedistrictofMearns，inScotland—Usher。
51。ThedeathofPalladiusbeingknown，theRomanpatricians，TheodosiusandValentinian，thenreigning，popeCelestinesentPatricktoconverttheScotstothefaithoftheHolyTrinity；
Victor，theangelofGod，accompanying，admonishing，andassistinghim，andalsothebishopGermanus。
GermanusthensenttheancientSegeruswithhimasavenerableandpraiseworthybishop，tokingAmatheus，[1]wholivednear，andwhohadprescienceofwhatwastohappen；hewasconsecratedbishopinthereignofthatkingbytheholypontiff，[2]assumingthenameofPatrick，havinghithertobeenknownbythatofMaun；
Auxilius，Isserninus，andotherbrotherswereordainedwithhimtoinferiordegrees。
[1]V。R。Germanus"senttheelderSegeruswithhimtoawonderfulman，theholybishopAmathearex。"AnotherMS。"SenttheelderSegerus，abishop，withhimtoAmatheorex。"
[2]V。R。"ReceivedtheepiscopaldegreefromtheholybishopAmatheorex。"AnotherMS。"ReceivedtheepiscopaldegreefromMatheorexandtheholybishop。"
52。Havingdistributedbenedictions，andperfectedallinthenameoftheHolyTrinity，heembarkedontheseawhichisbetweentheGaulsandtheBritons；andafteraquickpassagearrivedinBritain，wherehepreachedforsometime。Everynecessarypreparationbeingmade，andtheangelgivinghimwarning，hecametotheIrishSea。
Andhavingfilledtheshipwithforeigngiftsandspiritualtreasures，bythepermissionofGodhearrivedinIreland，wherehebaptizedandpreached。
53。Fromthebeginningoftheworld，tothefifthyearofkingLogiore，whentheIrishwerebaptized，andfaithintheunityoftheindividualTrinitywaspublishedtothem，arefivethousandthreehundredandthirtyyears。
54。SaintPatricktaughtthegospelinforeignnationsforthespaceoffortyyears。Enduedwithapostolicalpowers，hegavesighttotheblind，cleansedthelepers，gavehearingtothedeaf，castoutdevils，raisedninefromthedead，redeemedmanycaptivesofbothsexesathisowncharge，andsetthemfreeinthenameoftheHolyTrinity。HetaughttheservantsofGod，andhewrotethreehundredandsixty—fivecanonicalandotherbooksrelatingtothecatholicfaith。Hefoundedasmanychurches，andconsecratedthesamenumberofbishops，strengtheningthemwiththeHolyGhost。
Heordainedthreethousandpresbyters；andconvertedandbaptizedtwelvethousandpersonsintheprovinceofConnaught。And，inonedaybaptizedsevenkings，whowerethesevensonsofAmalgaid。[1]
Hecontinuedfastingfortydaysandnights，onthesummitofthemountainEli，thatisCruachan—Aichle；[2]andpreferredthreepetitionstoGodfortheIrish，thathadembracedthefaith。
TheScotssay，thefirstwas，thathewouldreceiveeveryrepentingsinner，evenatthelatestextremityoflife；thesecond，thattheyshouldneverbeexterminatedbybarbarians；andthethird，thatasIreland[3]willbeoverflowedwithwater，sevenyearsbeforethecomingofourLordtojudgethequickandthedead，thecrimesofthepeoplemightbewashedawaythroughhisintercession，andtheirsoulspurifiedatthelastday。Hegavethepeoplehisbenedictionfromtheupperpartofthemountain，andgoinguphigher，thathemightprayforthem；andthatifitpleasedGod，hemightseetheeffectsofhislabours，thereappearedtohimaninnumerableflockofbirdsofmanycoulours，signifyingthenumberofholypersonsofbothsexesoftheIrishnation，whoshouldcometohimastheirapostleatthedayofjudgment，tobepresentedbeforethetribunalofChrist。Afteralifespentintheactiveexertionofgoodtomankind，St。Patrick，inahealthyoldage，passedfromthisworldtotheLord，andchangingthislifeforabetter，withthesaintsandelectofGodherejoicesforevermore。
[1]KingofConnaught。
[2]AmountaininthewestofConnaught，countyofMayo，nowcalledCroagh—Patrick。
[3]V。R。thatnoIrishmanmaybealiveonthedayofjudgment，becausetheywillbedestroyedsevenyearsbeforeinhonourofSt。Patrick。
55。SaintPatrickresembledMosesinfourparticulars。Theangelspoketohimintheburningbush。Hefastedfortydaysandfortynightsuponthemountain。Heattainedtheperiodofonehundredandtwentyyears。Nooneknowshissepulchre，norwherehewasburied；sixteen[1]yearshewasincaptivity。Inhistwenty—fifthyear，hewasconsecratedbishopbySaintMatheus，[2]andhewaseighty—fiveyearstheapostleoftheIrish。Itmightbeprofitabletotreatmoreatlargeofthelifeofthissaint，butitisnowtimetoconcludethisepitomeofhislabours。[3]
[1]V。R。Fifteen。
[2]V。R。BytheholybishopAmatheus。
[3]HereendstheVaticanMS。collatedbyMr。Gunn。
[Hereendeththelifeoftheholybishop，SaintPatrick。]
（Afterthis，theMSS。giveas56。，thelegendofkingArthur，whichinthiseditionoccursin50。）
GenealogyofthekingsofBernicia。*
*Thesetitlesarenotpartoftheoriginalwork，butaddedintheMSS。byalaterhand。
57。WodenbegatBeldeg，whobegatBeornec，whobegatGethbrond，whobegatAluson，whobegatIngwi，whobegatEdibrith，whobegatEsa，whobegatEoppa，whobegatIda。ButIdahadtwelvesons，Adda，Belric，Theodric，Ethelric，Theodhere，Osmer，andonequeen，Bearnoch，Ealric。EthelricbegatEthelfrid：thesameisAedlfredFlesaur。Forhealsohadsevensons，Eanfrid，Oswald，Oswin，Oswy，Oswudu，Oslac，Offa。OswybegatAlfrid，Elfwin，andEgfrid。
EgfridishewhomadewaragainsthiscousinBrudei，kingofthePicts，andhefellthereinwithallthestrengthofhisarmy，andthePictswiththeirkinggainedthevictory；andtheSaxonsneveragainreducedthePictssoastoexacttributefromthem。SincethetimeofthiswaritiscalledGueithlinGaran。
ButOswyhadtwowives，Riemmelth，thedaughterofRoyth，sonofRum；andEanfled，thedaughterofEdwin，sonofAlla。
ThegenealogyofthekingsofKent。
58。HengistbegatOcta，whobegatOssa，whobegatEormenric，whobegatEthelbert，whobegatEadbald，whobegatErcombert，whobegatEgbert。
TheoriginofthekingsofEast—Anglia。
59。WodenbegatCasser，whobegatTitinon，whobegatTrigil，whobegatRodmunt，whobegatRippa，whobegatGuillemGuercha，*whowasthefirstkingoftheEastAngles。GuerchabegatUffa，whobegatTytillus，whobegatEni，whobegatEdric，whobegatAldwulf，whobegatElric。
*GuerchaisadistortionofthenameofUffa，orWuffa，arisinginthefirstinstancefromthepronunciationoftheBritishwriter；
andinthenextplacefromtheerrorofthetranscriber——Palgrave。
ThegenealogyoftheMercians。
60。WodenbegatGuedolgeat，whobegatGueagon，whobegatGuithleg，whobegatGuerdmund，whobegatOssa，whobegatOngen，whobegatEamer，whobegatPubba。*ThisPubbahadtwelvesons，ofwhomtwoarebetterknowntomethantheothers，thatisPendaandEawa。
EadlitisthesonofPantha，Penda，sonofPubba，Ealbald，sonofAlguing，sonofEawa，sonofPenda，sonofPubba。Egfert，sonofOffa，sonofThingferth，sonofEnwulf，sonofOssulf，sonofEawa，sonofPubba。
*OrWibba。
ThekingsoftheDeiri。
61。WodenbegatBeldeg，BrondbegatSiggar，whobegatSibald，whobegatZegulf，whobegatSoemil，whofirstseparated[1]DeurfromBerneich（DeirafromBernicia。）SoemilbegatSguerthing，whobegatGiulglis，whobegatUlfrea，whobegatIffi，whobegatUlli，Edwin，OsfridandEanfrid。ThereweretwosonsofEdwin，whofellwithhiminbattleatMeicen，[2]andthekingdomwasneverrenewedinhisfamily，becausenotoneofhisraceescapedfromthatwar；
butallwereslainwithhimbythearmyofCatguollaunus，[3]kingoftheGuendota。OswybegatEgfrid，thesameisAilguin，whobegatOslach，shobegatAlhun，whobegatAdlsing，whobegatEchun，whobegatOslaph。IdabegatEadric，whobegatEcgulf，whobegatLeodwald，whobegatEata，thesameisGlinmaur，whobegatEadbertandEgbert，whowasthefirstbishopoftheirnation。
[1]V。R。Conquered。
[2]Hatfield，intheWestRidingofYorkshire。SeeBede’sEccles。
Hist。
[3]Cadwalla，kingoftheWesternBritons。
Ida，thesonofEoppa，possessedcountriesontheleft—handsideofBritain，i。e。oftheHumbriansea，andreignedtwelveyears，andunited*DynguaythGuarth—Berneich。
*V。R。Unitedthecastle，i。e。DinguerinandGurdbernech，whichtwocountrieswereinonecountry，i。e。Deurabernech；AngliceDieraandBernicia。AnotherMS。BuiltDinguayrhGuarthBerneich。
62。ThenDutgirnatthattimefoughtbravelyagainstthenationoftheAngles。Atthattime，TalhaiarnCataguen*wasfamedforpoetry，andNeirin，andTaliesinandBluchbard，andCian，whoiscalledGuenithGuaut，wereallfamousatthesametimeinBritishpoetry。
*TalhaiarnwasadescendantofCoelGodebog，andchaplaintoAmbrosius。
Thegreatking，Mailcun，*reignedamongtheBritons，i。e。inthedistrictofGuenedota，becausehisgreat—great—grandfather，Cunedda，withhistwelvesons，hadcomebeforefromtheleft—handpart，i。e。
fromthecountrywhichiscalledManauGustodin，onehundredandforty—sixyearsbeforeMailcunreigned，andexpelledtheScotswithmuchslaughterfromthosecountries，andtheyneverreturnedagaintoinhabitthem。
*BetterknownasMaelgwn。
63。Adda，sonofIda，reignedeightyears；Ethelric，sonofAdda，reignedfouryears。Theodoric，sonofIda，reignedsevenyears。
Freothwulfreignedsixyears。InwhosetimethekingdomofKent，bythemissionofGregory，receivedbaptism。Hussareignedsevenyears。Againsthimfoughtfourkings，Urien，andRyderthen，andGuallauc，andMorcant。Theodoricfoughtbravely，togetherwithhissons，againstthatUrien。Butatthattimesometimestheenemyandsometimesourcountrymenweredefeated，andheshutthemupthreedaysandthreenightsintheislandofMetcaut；andwhilsthewasonanexpeditionhewasmurdered，attheinstanceofMorcant，outofenvy，becausehepossessedsomuchsuperiorityoverallthekingsinmilitaryscience。EadferedFlesaursreignedtwelveyearsinBernicia，andtwelveothersinDeira，andgavetohiswifeBebba，thetownofDynguaroy，whichfromheriscalledBebbanburg。*
*Bambrough。SeeBede，iii。6，andSax。Chron。A。D。547。
Edwin，sonofAlla，reignedseventeenyears，seizedonElmete，andexpelledCerdic，itsking。Eanfled，hisduaghter，receivedbaptism，onthetwelfthdayafterPentecost，withallherfollowers，bothmenandwomen。ThefollowingEasterEdwinhimselfreceivedbaptism，andtwelvethousandofhissubjectswithhim。Ifanyonewishestoknowwhobaptizedthem，itwasRumMapUrbgen：*hewasengagedfortydaysinbaptizingallclassesoftheSaxons，andbyhispreachingmanybelievedonChrist。
*SeeBede’sEccles。Hist。FromthesharewhichPaulinushadintheconversionoftheNorthumbrianking，ithasbeeninferredthatheactaullybaptizedhim；butNenniusexpersslystates，thattheholysacramentwasadministeredbyRhun，thesonofUrien。
TheWelshnameofPaulinusisPawlHen，orPolinEagob。
64。OswaldsonofEthelfrid，reignednineyears；thesameisOswaldLlauiguin；[1]heslewCatgublaun（Cadwalla），[2]kingofGuenedot，[3]inthebattleofCatscaul，[4]withmuchlosstohisownarmy。Oswy，sonofEthelfrid，reignedtwenty—eightyearsandsixmonths。Duringhisreign，therewasadreadfulmortalityamonghissubjects，whenCatgualart（Cadwallader）waskingamongtheBritons，succeedinghisfather，andhehimselfdiedamongsttherest。[5]HeslewPendainthefieldofGai，andnowtookplacetheslaughterofGaiCampi，andthekingsoftheBritons，whowentoutwithPendaontheexpeditionasfarasthecityofJudeu，wereslain。
[1]Llauiguin，meansthe"fair，"orthe"bounteoushand。"
[2]Thisnamehasbeenvariouslywritten；BedespellsitCaedualla（Cadwalla）；Nennius，Catgublaun；theSaxonChronicle，Ceadwalla；
andtheWelshwriters，CadwallonandKalwallawn：andthoughtheidentityofthepersonmaybeclearlyproved，itisnecessarytoobservetheseparticularstodistinguishhimfromCadwaladr，andfromanotherCaeduallaorCaedwalla，akingoftheWestSaxons；
allofwhom，astheylivedwithinashorttimeofeachother，havebeenfrequentlyconfoundedtogether。——Rees’sWelshSaints。
[3]Gwynedd，NorthWales。
[4]BedesaysatDenis’sbrook。
[5]TheBritishchroniclesassertthatCadwalladerdiedatRome，whilstNenniuswouldleadustoconcludethatheperishedinthepestilenceathome。
65。ThenOswyrestoredallthewealth，whichwaswithhiminthecity，toPenda；whodistributeditamongthekingsoftheBritons，thatisAtbertJudeu。ButCatgabailalone，kingofGuenedot，risingupinthenight，excaped，togetherwithhisarmy，whereforehewascalledCatgabailCatguommed。Egfrid，sonofOswy，reignednineyears。InhistimetheholybishopCuthbertdiedintheislandofMedcaut。*ItwashewhomadewaragainstthePicts，andwasbythemslain。
*TheisleofFarne。
Penda，sonofPybba，reignedtenyears；hefirstseparatedthekingdomofMerciafromthatoftheNorth—men，andslewbytreacheryAnna，kingoftheEastAnglians，andSt。Oswald，kingoftheNorthMen。HefoughtthebattleofCocboy，inwhichfellEawa，sonofPybba，hisbrother，kingoftheMercians，andOswald，kingoftheNorth—men，andhegainedthevictorybydiabolicalagency。Hewasnotbaptized，andneverbelievedinGod。
66。FromthebeginningoftheworldtoConstantinusandRufus，arefoundtobefivethousandsixhundredandfifty—eightyears。
Alsofromthetwoconsuls，RufusandRubelius，totheconsulStilicho，arethreehundredandseventy—threeyears。
AlsofromStilichotoValentinian，sonofPlacida，andthereignofVortigern，aretwenty—eightyears。
AndfromthereignofVortigerntothequarrelbetweenGuitolinusandAmbrosius，aretwelveyears，whichisGuoloppum，thatisCatgwaloph。*VortigernreignedinBritainwhenTheodosiusandValentinianwereconsuls，andinthefourthyearofhisreigntheSaxonscametoBritain，intheconsulshipofFelixandTaurus，inthefourhundredthyearfromtheincarnationofourLordJesusChrist。
*InCarmarthenshire。PerhapsthetownnowcalledKidwelly。
>FromtheyearinwhichtheSaxonscameintoBritain，andwerereceivedbyVortigern，tothetimeofDeciusandValerian，aresixty—nineyears。