Someflawtherewas,somewhere。Hisheart,sotosay,beattoofast,andthesinginginhisearsfromtheo’er-feveredbloodconfusedtheserenerhythmhauntingthefarperspectivesofthebrain,“asArabbirdsfloatsleepinginthewind。“
Ihavedweltatthislengthupon“Pauline“partlybecauseofitsinherentbeautyandautopsychicalsignificance,andpartlybecauseitistheleastfamiliarofBrowning’spoems,longovershadowedasithasbeenbyhisowntooseverestrictures:
mainly,however,becauseofitsradicalimportancetothestudentwhowouldarriveatabroadandtrueestimateofthepowerandscopeandshapingconstituentsofitsauthor’sgenius。Almosteveryqualityofhisafter-versemaybefoundhere,ingermoroutline。
Itis,inaword,morephysiognomicthananyothersinglepoembyBrowning,andsomusteverpossessapeculiarinterestquiteapartfromitsmanypassagesofhauntingbeauty。
Tothesetheloverofpoetrywillalwaysturnwithdelight。
Somewillevenregardthemretrospectivelywithalienemotiontothatwherewiththeystrivetopossesstheirsoulsinpatienceoversomeoneorotherofthebarbarisms,theTitanicexcesses,thepoeticbanalitiesrecurrentinthelatervolumes。
Howmanyandhowhauntingthesedelicateoasesare!
Thosewhoknowandlove“Pauline“willrememberthepassagewherethepoet,withthatpantheisticecstasywhichwaspossiblyinspiredbythesingerhemostloved,tellshowhecanlivethelifeofplants,contenttowatchthewildbeesflittingtoandfro,ortolieabsorbentoftheardoursofthesun,or,likethenight-floweringcolumbine,totrailupthetree-trunkandthroughitsrustlingfoliage“lookforthedimstars;“or,again,canlivethelifeofthebird,“leapingairilyhispyramidofleavesandtwistedboughsofsometallmountain-tree;“orbeafish,breathingthemorningairinthemistysun-warmwater。Closefollowingthisisanothermemorablepassage,thatbeginning“Night,andonesingleridgeofnarrowpath;“
whichhasaparticularinterestfortwonotesofadeeperandbroadermusictobeevolvedlongafterwards。For,asitseemstome,in“Thouartsoclosebyme,theroughestswellOfwindinthetree-topshidesnotthepantingOfthysoftbreasts“
where,bytheway,shouldbenoticedthesubtlecorrespondencebetweentheconceptiveandtheexpressionalrhythmwehaveahintofthatsuperbscenein“PippaPasses“,where,onasinisternightofJuly,anightofspiritualstormaswellasofaerialtempest,OttimaandSebaldlieamidthelightning-searchtforest,with“thethunderlikeawholeseaoverhead。“Again,inthelovelyTurneresque,orratherShelleyanpictureofmorning,over“therocks,andvalleys,andoldwoods,“withthehighboughsswinginginthewindabovethesun-brightenedmists,andthegolden-colouredsprayofthecataractamidthebrokenrocks,whereoverthewildhawksflytoandfro,thereisatleastasuggestion,anoutline,ofthetrulymagnificentburstofmorningmusicinthepoet’spenultimatevolume,beginning
“Butmorning’slaughsetsallthecragsalightAbovethebaffledtempest:treeandtreeStirthemselvesfromthestuporofthenight,AndeverystrangledbranchresumesitsrightTobreathe,shakesloosedark’sclingingdregs,wavesfreeIndrippingglory。Pronetherunnelsplunge,Whileearth,distentwithmoisturelikeasponge,Smokesup,andleaveseachplantitsgemtosee,Eachgrass-blade’sglory-glitter,“etc。
Whothathaseverread“Pauline“willforgetthemasterfulpoetrydescriptiveofthelover’swild-woodretreat,theexquisitelinesbeginning“Walledinwithaslopedmoundofmattedshrubs,tangled,oldandgreen“?
Thereisindeedanew,anunmistakablevoicehere。
“Andtonguesofbankgoshelvinginthewaters,Wherethepale-throatedsnakereclineshishead,Andoldgreystonesliemakingeddiesthere;
Thewildmicecrossthemdry-shod“……
Whatlovelierimageinmodernpoetrythanthatdepictiveoftheforest-poolindepthsofsavagewoodlands,unvisitedbutbytheshadowsofpassingclouds,
“thetreesbendO’eritaswildmenwatchasleepinggirl。“
Howthepassionatesexualemotion,alwaysdeepandtrueinBrowning,findslovelyutteranceinthelineswherePauline’sloverspeaksofthebloodinherlipspulsinglikealivingthing,whileherneckisas“marblemistedo’erwithlove-breath,“and“……herdeliciouseyesasclearasheaven,Whenraininaquickshowerhasbeatdownmist,Andcloudsfloatwhiteinthesunlikebroodsofswans。“
InthequotationsIhavemade,andinothersthatmightbeselectede。g。,“Herfresheyes,andsofthair,and`lipswhichbleedlikeamountainberry’“,itiseasytonotehowintimateanobserverofnaturetheyouthfulpoetwas,andwithwhatconsciousbutnotobtrusivearthebringsforwardhisnewandstrikingimagery。Browning,indeed,isthepoetofnewsymbols。
“Pauline“concludeswithlineswhichmusthavebeeninthemindsofmanyonthatsaddaywhenthetidingsfromVenicesentathrillofstartled,half-incredulous,bewilderedpainthroughouttheEnglishnations
“Sun-treader,IbelieveinGod,andtruth,Andlove;……butchieflywhenIdie……
Allinwhomthiswakespleasantthoughtsofme,Knowmylaststateishappyfreefromdoubt,Ortouchoffear。“
NeveragainwasBrowningtowriteapoemwithsuchconceptivecrudeness,neveragaintotreadthebywaysofthoughtsofalteringlyorsonegligently:
butneveragain,perhaps,washetoshowsomuchover-rapturingjoyintheworld’sloveliness,suchBacchicabandontotheidealbeautywhichthetruepoetseesglowingupontheforlornestheightandbroodingintheshadow-hauntedhollowsofthehills。TheBrowningwhomighthavebeenishere:henceforththeBrowningweknowandlovestandsuniqueamongallthelordsofsong。Butsometimesdowenotturnlongingly,wonderinglyatleast,totheyoungDionysosuponwhoseforeheadwasthelightofanotherdestinythanthatwhichdescendeduponhim?
TheIcelanderssaythereisalandwherealltherainbowsthathaveeverbeen,orareyettobe,foreverdrifttoandfro,evanishingandreappearing,likeimmortalflowersofvapour。Inthatfarcountry,itmaybe,arealsotheunfulfilleddreams,thevisionstooperfecttobefashionedintosong,oftheyoungpoetswhohavegainedthelaurel。
Weclosethelittlebooklovingly:
“AndIhaddimlyshapedmyfirstattempt,AndmanyathoughtdidIbuilduponthought,Asthewildbeehangscelltocellinvain;
ForImuststillgoon:mymindrestsnot。“
Ithasbeencommonlyassertedthat“Pauline“wasalmostwhollydisregarded,andswiftlylapsedintooblivion。
Thismustbeacceptedwithqualification。Itisliketheothergeneralassertion,thatBrowninghadtolivefiftyyearsbeforehegainedrecognitionastatementasludicrouswhenexaminedasitisunjusttothemanydiscreetjudgeswhoawarded,publiclyandprivately,thatintelligentsympathywhichisthebestsunshinefortheflowerofapoet’sgenius。Ifby“beforehegainedrecognition“ismeantageneralandindiscriminateacclaim,nodoubtBrowninghad,stillhasindeed,longertowaitthanmanyothereminentwritershavehadtodo:
butitisabsurdtoassertthatfromtheveryoutsetofhispoeticcareerhewasmetbynothingbutneglect,ifnotscornfulderision。
Nonewhoknowsthetrueartistictemperamentwillfallintoanysuchmistake。
ItisquitecertainthatneitherShakespearenorMiltonevermetwithsuchenthusiasticpraiseandwelcomeasBrowningencounteredonthepublicationof“Pauline“and“Paracelsus“。Shelley,asfaraboveBrowninginpoeticmusicastheauthorofsomanyparleyingswithotherpeople’ssoulsisthesuperiorinpsychicinsightandintellectualstrength,hadthroughouthistoobrieflifenotonesuchreviewofpraisefulwelcomeastheRev。W。J。Foxwroteonthepublicationof“Pauline“or,itmaybeadded,asAllanCunningham’sequallykindlybutlessablereviewinthe`Athenaeum’,orasJohnForsterwrotein`TheExaminer’concerning“Paracelsus“,andlaterinthe`NewMonthlyMagazine’,wherehehadthecouragetosayoftheyoungandquiteunknownpoet,“withouttheslightesthesitationwenameMr。RobertBrowningatoncewithShelley,Coleridge,Wordsworth。“
Hisplaysevenwhicharecommonlysaidtohave“fallenflat“
werecertainlynotfailures。Thereissomethingeffeminate,undignified,andcertainlyuncritical,inthisconfusionastowhatisandwhatisnotfailureinliterature。Soenthusiasticwastheapplauseheencountered,indeed,thathadhisnotbeentoostronganaturetobethwartedbyadulationanymorethanbycontemptuousneglect,hemightwellhavebecomespoilt
soenthusiastic,thatwereitnotfortheheavyandprolongedcounterbalancingdeadweightofpublicindifference,ahugeamorphousmassonlyoflateyearsmouldedintoharmonywiththekeenestmindsofthecentury,wemightwellbesuspiciousofsomuchandlong-continuedeulogium,andfearthesamereversalofjudgmenttowardshimonthepartofthosewhocomeafterusasweourselveshavemetedtomanyanoneamongthehighgodsofourfathers。
Fortunatelythedeephumanityofhisworkinthemassconservesitagainstthemereveeringsoftaste。Areactionagainstitwillinevitablycome;
butthiswillpass:what,inthefuture,whentheunbornreadersofBrowningwilllookbackwithcleareyesuntroubledbythedustofourfootsteps,nottosubsidetilllongafterwetooaredust,willbetheplacegiventothispoet,weknownot,norcanmorethanspeculativelyestimate。
Thatitwill,however,beahighone,sofarashisweightiestinbulk,itmaypossiblybebutarelativelyslenderaccomplishmentisconcerned,wemayrestwellassured:forindeed“Itlives,Ifpreciousbethesoulofmantoman。“
Sofarashasbeenascertainedtherewereonlythreereviewsornoticesof“Pauline“:theveryfavourablearticlebyMr。Foxinthe`MonthlyRepository’,thekindlypaperbyAllanCunninghaminthe`Athenaeum’,and,in`Tait’sEdinburghMagazine’,thesuccinctlyexpressedimpressionofeitheranindolentoranincapablereviewer:“Pauline;aFragmentofaConfession;