havenothingtogiveyouinexchange。ThequietofEuropeatthismomentfurnisheslittlewhichcanattractyournotice。Norwillthatquietbesoondisturbed，atleastforthecurrentyear。PerhapsithangsonthelifeoftheK。ofPrussia，andthathangsbyaveryslenderthread。AmericanreputationinEuropeisnotsuchastobeflatteringtoitscitizens。Twocircumstancesareparticularlyobjectedtous，thenonpaimentofourdebts，andthewantofenergyinourgovernment。Thesediscourageaconnectionwithus。Iownittobemyopinionthatgoodwillarisefromthedestructionofourcredit。Iseenothingelsewhichcanrestrainourdispositiontoluxury，andthelossofthosemannerswhichalonecanpreserverepublicangovernment。Asitisimpossibletopreventcredit，thebestwaywouldbetocureit’silleffectsbygivinganinstantaneousrecoverytothecreditor；thiswouldbereducingpurchasesoncredittopurchasesforreadymoney。Amanwouldthenseeapoisonpaintedoneverythinghewishedbuthadnotreadymoneytopayfor。IfearfromanexpressioninyourletterthatthepeopleofKentuckethinkofseparatingnotonlyfromVirginiainwhichtheyarerightbutalsofromtheconfederacy。IownIshouldthinkthisamostcalametousevent，andsuchanoneaseverygoodcitizenonbothsidesshouldsethimselfagainst。Ourpresentfederallimitsarenottoolargeforgoodgovernment，norwilltheincreaseofvotesinCongressproduceanyilleffect。Onthecontraryitwilldrownthelittledivisionsatpresentexistingthere。OurconfederacymustbeviewedasthenestfromwhichallAmerica，North&Southistobepeopled。
　　Weshouldtakecaretoo，nottothinkitfortheinterestofthatgreatcontinenttopresstoosoonontheSpaniards。Thosecountriescannotbeinbetterhands。Myfearisthattheyaretoofeebletoholdthemtillourpopulationcanbesufficientlyadvancedtogainitfromthempiecebypiece。ThenavigationoftheMississippiwemusthave。Thisisallweareasyetreadytoreceive。IhavemadeacquaintancewithaverysensiblecandidgentlemanherewhowasinSouthAmericaduringtherevoltwhichtookplacetherewhileourrevolutionwasworking。Hesaysthatthosedisturbancesofwhichwescarcelyheardanythingcostonbothsidesanhundredthousandlives——IhavemadeaparticularacquaintanceherewithMonsieurdeBuffon，andhaveagreatdesiretogivehimthebestideaIcanofourelk。Perhapsyoursituationmayenableyoutoaidmeinthis。
　　Wereitpossible，youcouldnotobligememorethanbysendingmethehorns，skeleton，&skinofanelk。Themostdesireableformofreceivingthemwouldbetohavetheskinslitfromtheunderpawalongthebellytothetail，&downthethighstotheknee，totaketheanimalout，leavingthelegsandhoofs，thebonesofthehead，&
　　thehornsattachedtotheskinbysewingupthebelly&shippingtheskinitwouldpresenttheformoftheanimal。HoweverasanopportunityofdoingthisisscarcelyexpectedIshallbegladtoreceivethemdetached，packedinabox，&senttoRichmondtothecareofDoctorCurrie。Everythingofthiskindisprecioushere，andtopreventmyaddingtoyourtroubleImustclosemyletterwithassurancesoftheesteem&attachmentwithwhichIamDrSirYourfriend&servt。
　　P。S。ImustaddaprayerforsomePeccannuts，100，ifpossible，tobepackedinaboxofsandandsentme。TheymightcomeeitherdirectlyorviaN。York。
　　AROMANTEMPLEFORVIRGINA
　　_ToWilliamBuchananandJamesHay_
　　_Paris，January26，1786_
　　GENTLEMEN，——Ihadthehonorofwritingtoyou，onthereceiptofyourorderstoprocuredraughtsforthepublicbuildings，andagain，onthe13thofAugust。Intheexecutionoftheseorders，twomethodsofproceedingpresentedthemselvestomymind。Theonewas，toleavetosomearchitecttodrawanexternalaccordingtohisfancy，inwhichway，experienceshews，that，aboutonceinathousandtimes，apleasingformishitupon；theotherwas，totakesomemodelalreadydevised，andapprovedbythegeneralsuffrageoftheworld。
　　Ihadnohesitationindecidingthatthelatterwasbest，norafterthedecision，wasthereanydoubtwhatmodeltotake。ThereisatNismes，inthesouthofFrance，abuildingcalledtheMaisonquarree，erectedinthetimeoftheCaesars，andwhichisallowed，withoutcontradiction，tobethemostperfectandpreciousremainofantiquityinexistence。ItssuperiorityoveranythingatRome，inGreece，atBalbecorPalmyra，isallowedonallhands；andthissingleobjecthasplacedNismesinthegeneraltouroftravellers。
　　Havingnotyethadleisuretovisitit，Icouldonlyjudgeofitfromdrawings，andfromtherelationofnumberswhohadbeentoseeit。I
　　determined，therefore，toadoptthismodel，andtohaveallitsproportionsjustlyobserved。Asitwasimpossibleforaforeignartisttoknow，whatnumberandsizesofapartmentswouldsuitthedifferentcorpsofourgovernment，norhowtheyshouldbeconnectedwithoneanother，Iundertooktoformthatarrangement，andthisbeingdone，IcommittedthemtoanarchitectMonsieurClerissault
　　whohadstudiedthisarttwentyyearsinRome，whohadparticularlystudiedandmeasuredtheMaisonquarreeofNismes，andhadpublishedabookcontainingmostexcellentplans，descriptions，andobservationsonit。Hewastoowellacquaintedwiththemeritofthatbuilding，tofindhimselfrestrainedbymyinjunctionsnottodepartfromhismodel。Inoneinstance，only，hepersuadedmetoadmitofthis。Thatwas，tomaketheporticotwocolumnsdeeponly，insteadofthree，astheoriginalis。Hisreasonwas，thatthislatterdepthwouldtoomuchdarkentheapartments。Economymightbeadded，asasecondreason。Iconsentedtoit，tosatisfyhim，andtheplansaresodrawn。Iknewthatitwouldstillbeeasytoexecutethebuildingwithadepthofthreecolumns，anditiswhatI
　　wouldcertainlyrecommend。WeknowthattheMaisonquarreehaspleased，universally，forneartwothousandyears。Byleavingoutacolumn，theproportionswillbechanged，andperhapstheeffectmaybeinjuredmorethanisexpected。Whatisgood，isoftenspoiledbytryingtomakingitbetter。
　　Thepresentisthefirstopportunitywhichhasoccurredofsendingtheplans。Youwill，accordingly，receiveherewiththegroundplan，theelevationofthefront，andtheelevationoftheside。Thearchitecthavingbeenmuchbusied，andknowingthatthiswasallwhichwouldbenecessaryinthebeginning，hasnotyetfinishedthesectionsofthebuilding。Theymustgobysomefutureoccasion，aswellasthemodelsofthefrontandside，whicharemakinginplaisterofParis。Thesewereabsolutelynecessaryfortheguideofworkmen，notveryexpertintheirart。Itwilladdconsiderablytotheexpense，andIwouldnothaveincurredit，butthatIwassensibleofitsnecessity。Thepriceofthemodelwillbefifteenguineas。Ishallknowinafewdays，thecostofthedrawings，whichprobablywillbethetripleofthemodel：however，thisisbutconjecture。Iwillmakeitassmallaspossible，payit，andrenderyouanaccountinmynextletter。Youwillfind，onexamination，thatthebodyofthisbuildingcoversanarea，buttwofifthsofthatwhichisproposedandbegun；ofcourse，itwilltakebutaboutonehalfthebricks；and，ofcourse，thiscircumstancewillenlistalltheworkmen，andpeopleoftheartagainsttheplan。
　　Again，thebuildingbegun，istohavefourporticoes；thisbutone。
　　Itistruethatthiswillbedeeperthanthosewereprobablyproposed，butevenifitbemadethreecolumnsdeep，itwillnottakehalfthenumberofcolumns。Thebeautyofthisisinsuredbyexperience，andbythesuffrageofthewholeworld：thebeautyofthatisproblematical，asiseverydrawing，howeverwellitlooksonpaper，tillitbeactuallyexecuted：andthoughIsupposethereismoreroomintheplanbegun，thaninthatnowsent，yetthereisenoughinthisforallthethreebranchesofgovernment，andmorethanenoughisnotwanted。Thiscontainssixteenrooms；towit，fouronthefirstfloor，fortheGeneralCourt，Delegates，lobby，andconference。Eightonthesecondfloor，fortheExecutive，theSenate，andsixroomsforcommitteesandjuries：andoverfourofthesesmallerroomsofthesecondfloor，arefourmezzininosorentresols，servingasofficesfortheclerksoftheExecutive，theSenate，theDelegates，andtheCourtinactualsession。Itwillbeanobjection，thattheworkisbegunontheotherplan。Butthewholeofthisneednotbetakentopieces，andofwhatshallbetakentopieces，thebrickswilldoforinnerwork。Mortarneverbecomessohardandadhesivetothebricks，inafewmonths，butthatitmaybeeasilychippedoff。Anduponthewhole，theplannowsentwillsaveagreatproportionoftheexpense。
　　Hitherto，Ihavespokenofthecapitolonly。Theplansfortheprison，also，accompanythis。Theywillexplainthemselves。Isend，also，theplanoftheprisonproposedatLyons，whichwassentmebythearchitect，andtowhichweareindebtedforthefundamentalideaofours。Youwillsee，thatofagreatthingaverysmalloneismade。Perhapsyoumayfinditconvenienttobuild，atfirst，onlytwosides，forminganL；butofthis，youarethebestjudges。Ithasbeensuggestedtome，thatfinegravel，mixedinthemortar，preventstheprisonersfromcuttingthemselvesout，asthatwilldestroytheirtools。InmyletterofAugustthe13th，ImentionedthatIcouldsendworkmenfromhence。AsIaminhopesofreceivingyourordersprecisely，inanswertothatletter，Ishalldeferactuallyengagingany，tillIreceivethem。Inlikemanner，IshalldeferhavingplansdrawnforaGovernor’shouse，&c。，tillfurtherorders；onlyassuringyou，thatthereceivingandexecutingtheseorders，willalwaysgivemeaverygreatpleasure，andthemore，shouldIfindthatwhatIhavedonemeetsyourapprobation。
　　Ihavethehonortobe，withsentimentsofthemostperfectesteem，gentlemen，yourmostobedientandmosthumbleservant，THENOTES，HOUDON，ANDTHEENCYCLOPEDIE
　　_ToJamesMadison_
　　_Paris，Feb。8，1786_
　　DEARSIR，——Mylastlettershavebeenofthe1st&20thofSep。andthe28thofOct。YoursunacknowledgedareofAug。20，Oct。
　　3，&Nov。15。Itakethisthefirstsafeopportunityofenclosingtoyouthebillsofladingforyourbooks，&twoothersforyournamesakeofWilliamsburgh&fortheattorneywhichIwillprayyoutoforward。Ithankyouforthecommunicationoftheremonstranceagainsttheassessment。MazzeiwhoisnowinHollandpromisedmetohaveitpublishedintheLeydengazette。Itwilldousgreathonour。
　　IwishitmaybeasmuchapprovedbyourassemblyasbythewisestpartofEurope。Ihaveheardwithgreatpleasurethatourassemblyhavecometotheresolutionofgivingtheregulationoftheircommercetothefederalhead。Iwillventuretoassertthatthereisnotoneofit’sopposerswho，placedonthisground，wouldnotseethewisdomofthismeasure。ThepoliticsofEuroperenderitindispensablynecessarythatwithrespecttoeverythingexternalwebeonenationonly，firmlyhoopedtogether。Interiorgovernmentiswhateachstateshouldkeeptoitself。IfitcouldbeseeninEuropethatallourstatescouldbebroughttoconcurinwhattheVirginiaassemblyhasdone，itwouldproduceatotalrevolutionintheiropinionofus，andrespectforus。Anditshouldeverbeheldinmindthatinsult&wararetheconsequencesofawantofrespectabilityinthenationalcharacter。Aslongasthestatesexerciseseparatelythoseactsofpowerwhichrespectforeignnations，solongwilltherecontinuetobeirregularitiescommittingbysomeoneorotherofthemwhichwillconstantlykeepusonanillfootingwithforeignnations。
　　IthankyouforyourinformationastomyNotes。ThecopiesI
　　haveremainingshallbesentovertobegiventosomeofmyfriendsandtoselectsubjectsinthecollege。Ihavebeenunfortunateherewiththistrifle。Igaveoutafewcopiesonly，&toconfidentialpersons，writingineverycopyarestraintagainstit’spublication。
　　AmongothersIgaveacopytoaMr。Williamos。Hedied。I
　　immediatelytookeveryprecautionIcouldtorecoverthiscopy。Butbysomemeansorotherabooksellerhadgotholdofit。Heemployedahirelingtranslatorandwasaboutpublishingitinthemostinjuriousformpossible。AnAbbeMorellet，amanoflettersheretowhomIhadgivenacopy，gotnoticeofthis。Hehadtranslatedsomepassagesforaparticularpurpose：andhecompoundedwiththebooksellertotranslate&givehimthewhole，onhisdecliningthefirstpublication。Ifounditnecessarytoconfirmthis，anditwillbepublishedinFrench，stillmutilatedhoweverinit’sfreestparts。
　　IamnowatalosswhattodoastoEngland。Everything，goodorbad，isthoughtworthpublishingthere；andIapprehendatranslationbackfromtheFrench，andapublicationthere。Iratherbelieveitwillbemosteligibletolettheoriginalcomeoutinthatcountry；
　　butamnotyetdecided。