"ThefateofWilliam,eighthEarlofDouglas,whomJamesII。
  stabbedinStirlingCastlewithhisownhand,andwhileunderhisroyalsafe—conduct,isfamiliartoallwhoreadScottishhistory。
  MurdackDukeofAlbany,DuncanEarlofLennox,hisfather—in—law,andhistwosons,WalterandAlexanderStuart,wereexecutedatStirling,in1425。TheywerebeheadeduponaneminencewithouttheCastlewalls,butmakingpartofthesamehill,fromwhencetheycouldbeholdtheirstrongCastleofDouneandtheirextensivepossessions。This’headinghill,’asitwassometimestermed,bearscommonlythelessterriblenameofHurly—hacket,fromitshavingbeenthesceneofacourtlyamusementalludedtobySirDavidLindsay,whosaysofthepastimesinwhichtheyoungKingwasengaged:
  ’SomeharledhimtotheHurly—hacket;’
  whichconsistedinsliding——insomesortofchair,itmaybesupposed——fromtoptobottomofasmoothbank。TheboysofEdinburgh,abouttwentyyearsago,usedtoplayatthehurly—
  hacketontheCaltonHill,usingfortheirseatahorse’sskull"
  (Scott)。
  558。TheFranciscansteeple。TheGreyfriarsChurch,builtbyJamesIV。in1594onthehillnotfarfromtheCastle,isstillstanding,andhasbeenrecentlyrestored。HereJamesVI。wascrownedonthe29thofJuly,1567,andJohnKnoxpreachedthecoronationsermon。
  562。Morrice—dancers。ThemorriceormorrisdancewasprobablyofSpanish(orMoorish,asthenameimplies)origin,butafteritsintroductionintoEnglanditbecameblendedwiththeMaydaygames。AfullhistoricalaccountofitisgiveninDouce’sIllustrationsofShakespeare。Thecharactersinitinearlytimeswerethefollowing:"RobinHood,LittleJohn,FriarTuck,MaidMarian(Robin’smistressandthequeenorladyoftheMay),thefool,thepiper,andseveralmorris—dancershabited,asitappears,invariousmodes。Afterwardsahobby—horseandadragonwereadded"(Douce)。Foradescriptionofthegame,seeScott’sAbbot,ch。xiv。,andtheauthor’snote。Seealsoon614below。
  564。Theburghersholdtheirsportsto—day。Scotthasthefollowingnotehere:
  "EveryburghofScotlandoftheleastnote,butmoreespeciallytheconsiderabletowns,hadtheirsolemnplay,orfestival,whenfeatsofarcherywereexhibited,andprizeddistributedtothosewhoexcelledinwrestling,hurlingthebar,andtheothergymnasticexercisesoftheperiod。Stirling,ausualplaceofroyalresidence,wasnotlikelytobedeficientinpompuponsuchoccasions,especiallysinceJamesV。wasverypartialtothem。
  HisreadyparticipationinthesepopularamusementswasonecauseofhisacquiringthetitleoftheKingoftheCommons,orRexPlebeiorum,asLesleyhaslatinizedit。Theusualprizetothebestshooterwasasilverarrow。SuchaoneispreservedatSelkirkandatPeebles。AtDumfriesasilvergunwassubstituted,andthecontentiontransferredtofirearms。Theceremony,asthereperformed,isthesubjectofanexcellentScottishpoem,byMr。JohnMayne,entitledtheSillerGun1808,whichsurpassestheeffortsofFergusson,andcomesnearthoseofBurns。
  "OfJames’sattachmenttoarchery,Pitscottie,thefaithfulthoughruderecorderofthemannersofthatperiod,hasgivenusevidence:
  ’InthisyeartherecameanambassadoroutofEngland,namedLordWilliamHoward,withabishopwithhim,withmanyothergentlemen,tothenumberofthreescorehorse,whichwereallablemenandwaled[picked]menforallkindofgamesandpastimes,shooting,louping,running,wrestling,andcastingofthestone,buttheywerewellsayed[essayedortried]eretheypastoutofScotland,andthatbytheirownprovocation;butevertheytint:
  tillatlast,theQueenofScotland,theKing’smother,favouredtheEnglish—men,becauseshewastheKingofEngland’ssister;
  andthereforeshetookanenterpriseofarcheryupontheEnglish—
  men’shands,contraryhersontheKing,andanysixinScotlandthathewouldwale,eithergentlemenoryeomen,thattheEnglish—
  menshouldshootagainstthemeitheratpricks,revers,orbuts,astheScotspleased。
  ’TheKing,hearingthisofhismother,wascontent,andgartherpawnahundredcrownsandatunofwineupontheEnglish—men’shands;andheincontinentlaiddownasmuchfortheScottish—men。
  ThefieldandgroundwaschoseninSt。Andrews,andthreelandedmenandthreeyeomenchosentoshootagainsttheEnglish—men,——towit,DavidWemyssofthatilk,DavidArnotofthatilk,andMr。
  JohnWedderburn,vicarofDundee;theyeomen,JohnThomson,inLeith,StevenTaburner,withapiper,calledAlexanderBailie;
  theyshotverynear,andwarred[worsted]theEnglish—menoftheenterprise,andwanthehundredcrownsandthetunofwine,whichmadetheKingverymerrythathismenwanthevictory。’"
  571。Playmyprize。ThesameexpressionoccursinShakespeare,T。A。i。1。399:"Youhaveplay’dyourprize。"Cf。alsoM。ofV。
  iii。2。142:"Likeoneoftwocontendinginaprize,"etc。
  575。TheCastlegates。ThemainentrancetotheCastle,nottheposterngateof532above。
  580。FairScotland’sKing,etc。TheMS。reads:
  "KingJamesandallhisnobleswent……
  EvertheKingwasbendinglowTohiswhitejennet’ssaddle—bow,Doffinghiscaptoburgherdame,Whosmilingblushedforprideandshame。"
  601。Therenobles,etc。TheMS。reads:
  "Nobleswhomournedtheirpowerrestrained,Andthepoorburgher’sjoysdisdained;
  Darkchief,who,hostageforhisclan,Wasfromhishomeabanishedman,Whothoughtuponhisowngraytower,Thewavingwoods,hisfeudalbower,AnddeemedhimselfashamefulpartOfpageantthathecursedinheart。"
  611。Withbellatheel。Doucesaysthat"thenumberofbellsroundeachlegofthemorris—dancersamountedfromtwentytoforty;"butScott,inanotetoTheFairMaidofPerth,speaksof252smallbellsinsetsoftwelveatregularmusicalintervals。
  612。Theirmazeswheel。TheMS。adds:
  "WithawkwardstridetherecitygroomWouldpartoffabledknightassume。"
  614。RobinHood。Scottsayshere:"Theexhibitionofthisrenownedoutlawandhisbandwasafavoritefrolicatsuchfestivalsaswearedescribing。Thissporting,inwhichkingsdidnotdisdaintobeactors,wasprohibitedinScotlandupontheReformation,byastatuteofthe6thParliamentofQueenMary,c。
  61,A。D。1555,whichordered,underheavypenaltiesthat’namannerofpersonbechosenRobertHude,norLittleJohn,AbbotofUnreason,QueenofMay,norotherwise。’Butin1561,the’rascalmultitude,’saysJohnKnox,’werestirreduptomakeaRobinHude,whilkenormitywasofmonyyearsleftanddamnedbystatuteandactofPaliament;yetwouldtheynotbeforbidden。’
  Accordinglytheyraisedaveryserioustumult,andatlengthmadeprisonersthemagistrateswhoendeavoredtosuppressit,andwouldnotreleasethemtilltheyextortedaformalpromisethatnooneshouldbepunishedforhisshareofthedisturbance。Itwouldseem,fromthecomplaintsoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheKirk,thattheseprofanefestivitieswerecontinueddownto1592
  (BookoftheUniversalKirk,p。414)。BoldRobinwas,tosaytheleast,equallysuccessfulinmaintaininghisgroundagainstthereformedclergyofEngland;forthesimpleandevangelicalLatimercomplainsofcomingtoacountrychurchwherethepeoplerefusedtohearhimbecauseitwasRobinHood’sday,andhismitreandrochetwerefaintogivewaytothevillagepastime。
  MuchcuriousinformationonthissubjectmaybefoundinthePreliminaryDissertationtothelateMr。Ritson’seditionofthesongsrespectingthismemorableoutlaw。ThegameofRobinHoodwasusuallyactedinMay;andhewasassociatedwiththemorrice—
  dancers,onwhomsomuchillustrationhasbeenbestowedbythecommentatorsonShakespeare。Averylivelypictureofthesefestivities,containingagreatdealofcuriousinformationonthesubjectoftheprivatelifeandamusementsofourancestors,wasthrown,bythelateingeniousMr。Strutt,intohisromanceentitledQueen—hooHall,publishedafterhisdeath,in1808。"
  615。FriarTuck。"RobinHood’sfatfriar,"asShakespearecallshim(T。G。ofV。iv。1。36),whofiguresintheRobinHoodballadsandinIvanhoe。ScarletandLittleJohnarementionedinoneofMasterSilence’ssnatchesofsongin2Hen。IV。v。3。107:
  "AndRobin,Scarlet,andJohn。"ScathelockeisabrotherofScarletinBenJonson’sSadShepherd,whichisa"TaleofRobinHood,"andMutchisabailiffinthesameplay。
  626。Stake。Prize。
  627。Fondlyhewatched,etc。TheMS。reads:
  "Fondlyhewatched,withwateryeye,Foransweringglanceofsympathy,Butnoemotionmadereply!
  Indifferentastounknownwight,Coldastounknownyeoman
  TheKinggaveforththearrowbright。"
  630。Toarcherwight。Thatis,toanyordinaryarcher。Scotthasthefollowingnotehere:
  "TheDouglasofthepoemisanimaginaryperson,asupposeduncleoftheEarlofAngus。ButtheKing’sbehaviorduringanunexpectedinterviewwiththeLairdofKilspindie,oneofthebanishedDouglases,undercircumstancessimilartothoseinthetext,isimitatedfromarealstorytoldbyHumeofGodscroft。I
  wouldhaveavailedmyselfmorefullyofthesimpleandaffectingcircumstancesoftheoldhistory,hadtheynotbeenalreadywovenintoapatheticballadbymyfriendMr。Finlay。[FN#11]
  ’His[theKing’s]implacability[towardsthefamilyofDouglas]
  didalsoappearinhiscarriagetowardsArchibaldofKilspinke,whomhe,whenhewasachild,lovedsingularlywellforhisabilityofbody,andwaswonttocallhimhisGray—Steill。
  [FN#12]Archibald,beingbanishedintoEngland,couldnotwellcomportwiththehumorofthatnation,whichhethoughttobetooproud,andthattheyhadtoohighaconceitofthemselves,joinedwithacontemptanddespisingofallothers。Wherefore,beingweariedofthatlife,andrememberingtheKing’sfavorofoldtowardshim,hedeterminedtotrytheKing’smercifulnessandclemency。SohecomesintoScotland,andtakingoccasionoftheKing’shuntingintheparkatStirlinghecastshimselftobeinhisway,ashewascominghometotheCastle。SosoonastheKingsawhimafaroff,erehecamenear,heguesseditwashe,andsaidtooneofhiscourtiers,"YonderismyGray—Steill,ArchibaldofKilspindie,ifhebealive。"Theotheransweredthatitcouldnotbehe,andthathedurstnotcomeintotheKing’spresence。TheKingapproaching,hefelluponhiskneesandcravedpardon,andpromisedfromthenceforwardtoabstainfrommeddlinginpublicaffairs,andtoleadaquietandprivatelife。TheKingwentbywithoutgivinghimanyanswer,andtrottedagoodroundpaceupthehill。Kilspindiefollowed,andthoughheworeonhimasecret,orshirtofmail,forhisparticularenemies,wasassoonattheCastlegateastheKing。Therehesathimdownuponastonewithout,andentreatedsomeoftheKing’sservantsforacupofdrink,beingwearyandthirsty;butthey,fearingtheKing’sdispleasure,durstgavehimnone。WhentheKingwassetathisdinner,heaskedwhathehaddone,whathehadsaid,andwhitherhehadgone?Itwastoldhimthathehaddesiredacupofdrink,andhadgottennone。TheKingreprovedthemverysharplyfortheirdiscourtesy,andtoldthemthatifhehadnottakenanoaththatnoDouglasshouldeverservehim,hewouldhavereceivedhimintohisservice,forhehadseenhimsometimeamanofgreatability。ThenhesenthimwordtogotoLeith,andexpecthisfurtherpleasure。ThensomekinsmanofDavidFalconer,thecannonier,thatwasslainatTantallon,begantoquarrelwithArchibaldaboutthematter,wherewiththeKingshowedhimselfnotwellpleasedwhenheheardofit。ThenhecommandedhimtogotoFranceforacertainspace,tillheheardfurtherfromhim。Andsohedid,anddiedshortlyafter。ThisgaveoccasiontotheKingofEngland(HenryVIII。)toblamehisnephew,allegingtheoldsaying,Thataking’sfaceshouldgivegrace。ForthisArchibald(whatsoeverwereAngus’sorSirGeorge’sfault)hadnotbeenprincipalactorofanything,nornocounsellornorstirrerup,butonlyafollowerofhisfriends,andthatnowayscruellydisposed’(HumeofGodscroft,ii。107)。"
  637。LarbertisatownabouttenmilestothesouthofStirling,andAlloaanothersevenmilestotheeastonthenorthsideoftheForth。
  641。ToDouglasgaveagoldenring。Scottsays:"Theusualprizeofawrestlingwasaramandaring,buttheanimalwouldhaveembarrassedmystory。Thus,intheCokesTaleofGamelyn,ascribedtoChaucer:
  ’TherehappedtobetherebesideTryedawrestling;
  Andthereforetherewasy—settenAramandalsaring。"
  Again,theLitilGesteofRobinHood:
  ’Byabridgewasawrestling,AndtheretaryedwasheAndtherewasallthebestyemenOfallthewestcountrey。
  Afullfayregametherewassetup,Awhitebullupy—pight,Agreatcourserwithsaddleandbrydle,Withgoldburnishedfullbryght;
  Apayreofgloves,aredgolderinge,Apipeofwine,goodday;
  Whatmanberethhimbest,Iwis,Thepriseshallbearaway。’"
  648。Tohurlthemassivebar。Cf。iv。559above。
  658。Scottishstrength。TheMS。has"mortalstrength。"
  660。TheLadies’Rock。Apointinthe"valley"betweentheCastleandtheGreyfriarsChurch。Itwasformerlythechiefplaceforviewingthegames,whichwereheldinthis"valley,"ordepressioninthehillonwhichtheCastlestands。ItmustnotbeconfoundedwiththeLadies’Lookout,afavoritepointofviewontheCastlewalls。
  662。Wellfilled。TheMS。has"weigheddown;"andin664,"Scatteredthegoldamongthecrowd。"
  674。EreDouglas,etc。TheMS。has"EreJamesofDouglas’
  stalwarthand;"andin677,"worn"forwrecked。
  681。Murmurs。Someeds。have"murmur。"
  685。Thebanishedman。TheMS。has"hisstatelyform。"
  724。Needsbutabuffet。Onlyasingleblowisneeded。
  728。Thenclamored,etc。TheMS。and1sted。have"Clamoredhiscomradesofthetrain;"andin730theMS。has"warrior’s"forBaron’s。
  735。Atone。Seeoniv。421above。
  744。ButshallaMonarch’spresence,etc。TheMS。reads:
  "Butinmycourtinjuriousblow,Andbeardedthus,andthusout—dared?What,ho!"etc。
  747。Ward。Guarding,confinementunderguard。Cf。Gen。xl。3。
  752。Misarray。Disorder,confusion。NeitherWb。norWorc。
  givestheword。
  754。Pricked。Spurred,rode。Seeon486above。
  755。Repelled,etc。TheMS。has"Theirthreatsrepelledbyinsultloud。"
  768。Hyndford。AvillageontheClyde,afewmilesaboveLanark。
  790。Widow’smateexpires。Aninstanceofprolepsis,or"anticipation"intheuseofaword。Hemustexpirebeforeshecanbeawidow。Cf。Macbeth,iii。4。76:
  "Bloodhathbeenshederenow,i’theoldentime,Erehumanstatutepurg’dthegentleweal;"
  thatis,purgeditandmadeitgentle。
  794。Ward。Wardoff,avert。
  796。Thecrowd’swildfury,etc。TheMS。reads:
  "Thecrowd’swildfuryebbedamainIntears,astempestssinkinrain。"
  The1sted。readsasinthetext,butthatof1821has"sunkamain。"
  ThefigurehereisafavoriteonewithShakespeare。Cf。R。ofL。
  1788:
  "Thiswindytempest,tillitblowuprain,Heldbackhissorrow’stide,tomakeitmore;
  Atlastitrains,andbusywindsgiveo’er;"
  3Hen。VI。i。4。146:
  "Forragingwindblowsupincessantshowers,And,whentherageallays,therainbegins;"
  Id。ii。5。85:
  "see,see,whatshowersarise,Blownwiththewindytempestofmyheart;"
  T。andC。iv。4。55:"Wherearemytears?rain,tolaythiswind,ormyheartwillbeblownupbytheroot;"andMacbeth,i。7。25:
  "Thattearsshalldownthewind。"
  808。Theroughsoldier。SirJohnofHyndford(768above)。
  811。Heled。The1sted。has"theyled,"and"their"forhisin813。
  812。Verge。Notetherhymewithcharge,andseeoniv。83
  above。
  819。Thiscommonfool。Cf。Shakespeare’s"foolmultitude"(M。
  ofV。ii。9。26)。JustbelowLockhartquotesCoriolanus,i。1。
  180:
  "WhodeservesgreatnessDeservesyourhate;andyouraffectionsareAsickman’sappetite,whodesiresmostthatWhichwouldincreasehisevil。HethatdependsUponyourfavorsswimswithfinsofleadAndhewsdownoakswithrushes。Hangye!Trustye?
  Witheveryminuteyoudochangeamind,Andcallhimnoblethatwasnowyourhate,Himvilethatwasyourgarland。"
  821。Douglas。Thereadingofthe1sted。,asin825below;not"Douglas’,"asinsomerecenteds。
  830。Vainastheleaf,etc。TheMS。has"Vainasthesickman’sidledream。"
  838。Cognizance。"ThesablepaleofMar。"Seeoniv。153
  above。
  853。Withscantytrain,etc。TheMS。has"Ondistantchaseyouwillnotride。"
  856。Lostit。Forgotit。
  858。Forspoilingof。Forfearofruining。Cf。Shakespeare,Sonn。52。4:
  "Thewhichhewillnoteveryhoursurvey,Forbluntingthefinepointofseldompleasure;
  T。G。ofV。i。2。136:"Yetheretheyshallnotlieforcatchingcold;"BeaumontandFletcher,Captain,iii。5:"We’llhaveabibforspoilingofthydoublet,"etc。
  887。EarlWilliam。TheDouglaswhowasstabbedbyJamesII。Seeon551above。
  CantoSixth。
  "LordJeffreyhasobjectedtotheguard—roomsceneanditsaccompanyingsongasthegreatestblemishinthewholepoem。Thescenecontrastsforciblywiththegracewhichcharacterizestherest;butinapoemwhichrestsitsinterestuponincident,suchacriticismseemsoverstrained。Itgivesusavigorouspictureofaclassofmenwhoplayedaveryimportantpartinthehistoryofthetime,especiallyacrosstheBorder;menwho,manyofthemoutlaws,andfighting,notforcountryorforking,butforhimwhopaidthembest,werehumoredwitheverylicensewhentheywerenotonstrictmilitaryduty。Therequirementsofthenarrativemighthavebeensatisfiedwithoutthesedetails,itistrue;buttheusewhichSirWalterhasmadeofthem——toshowthepowerofbeautyandinnocence,andthechordsoftendernessandgoodnesswhichliereadytovibrateinthewildestnatures——maysurelyreconcileustosuchapieceofrealism。
  "ThesceneofRoderick’sdeathharmonizeswellwithhischaracter。Theminstrel’saccountofthebattlethepoethimselffelttobesomewhatlong,andyetitisdifficulttoseehowitcouldbecurtailedwithoutspoilingit。Itisfulloflifeandvigor,andouronlycauseofsurpriseisthatthelayshouldonlycometoasuddenstandwhenitisreallycompleted"(Taylor)。
  6。Scaring,etc。The1sted。reads:"Andscaringprowlingrobberstotheirden。"
  7。Battled。Battlemented;asinii。702above。
  9。Thekindnurseofmen。Cf。2Hen。IV。iii。1。5:
  "Osleep,Ogentlesleep,Nature’ssoftnurse,"etc。
  23。Throughnarrowloop,etc。TheMS。has"Throughblackenedarch,"etc。;andbelow:
  "ThelightsinstrangeallianceshoneBeneaththearchofblackenedstone。"
  25。Strugglingwith。Somerecenteds。misprint"strugglingthrough。"
  47。Adventurersthey,etc。Scottsays:"TheScottisharmiesconsistedchieflyofthenobilityandbarons,withtheirvassals,whoheldlandsunderthemformilitaryservicebythemselvesandtheirtenants。ThepatriarchalinfluenceexercisedbytheheadsofclansintheHighlandsandBorderswasofadifferentnature,andsometimesatvariancewithfeudalprinciples。ItflowedfromthePatriaPotestas,exercisedbythechieftainasrepresentingtheoriginalfatherofthewholename,andwasoftenobeyedincontradictiontothefeudalsuperior。JamesV。seemsfirsttohaveintroduced,inadditiontothemilitiafurnishedfromthesesources,theserviceofasmallnumberofmercenaries,whoformedabody—guard,calledtheFoot—Band。Thesatiricalpoet,SirDavidLindsay(orthepersonwhowrotetheprologuetohisplayoftheThreeEstaites),hasintroducedFinlayoftheFoot—Band,whoaftermuchswaggeringuponthestageisatlengthputtoflightbytheFool,whoterrifieshimbymeansofasheep’sskulluponapole。Ihaveratherchosentogivethemtheharshfeaturesofthemercenarysoldiersoftheperiod,thanofthisScottishThraso。ThesepartookofthecharacteroftheAdventurousCompanionsofFroissart,ortheCondottieriofItaly。"
  53。TheFleming,etc。ThesoilofFlandersisveryfertileandproductive,inmarkedcontrasttothegreaterpartofScotland。
  60。Halberd。Acombinationofspearandbattle—axe。SeeWb。
  63。Holytide。Holiday。Fortide=time,seeoniii。478above。
  73。Neighboringto。Thatis,lyinginadjacentrooms。
  75。Burden。Alludingtotheburden,orchorus,ofasong。Cf。
  ii。392above。TheMS。has"jest"forjoke;andinthenextline"Andrudeoathsventedbytherest。"
  78。Trent。theEnglishriverofthatname。Cf。231below。
  84。Thatday。Modifyingcutshore,notgrieved。
  87。Amerrycatch,Itroll。Cf。Shakespeare,Temp,iii。2。126:
  "willyoutrollthecatch,"etc。
  88。Buxom。Lively,brisk;asinHen。V。iii。6。27:"ofbuxomvalour,"etc。Itsoriginalsensewasyielding,obedient;asinF。Q。i。11。37:"thebuxomeaire"(seealsoMilton,P。L。ii。
  842);andId。iii。2。23:"Ofthemthattohimbuxomeareandprone。"Forthederivation,seeWb。
  90。Poule。Paul;anoldspelling,foundinChaucerandotherwriters。Themeasureofthesongisanapestic(thatis,withtheaccentoneverythirdsyllable),withmodifications。
  92。Black—jack。Akindofpitchermadeofleather。TaylorquotesOldMortality,chap。viii。:"Thelargeblack—jackfilledwithverysmallbeer。"
  93。Sack。AnameappliedtoSpanishandCanarywinesingeneral;butsometimestheparticularkindwasspecified。Cf。2
  Hen。IV。iv。3。104:"goodsherris—sack"(thatis,sherrywine);
  andHerrick,Poems:
  "thyislesshalllackGrapes,beforeHerrickleavesCanariesack。"
  95。Upsees。"Bacchanalianinterjection,borrowedfromtheDutch"(Scott)。NarescriticisesScottforusingthewordasanoun。Itisgenerallyfoundinthephrases"upseeDutch"and"upseeFreeze"(thesamething,Frisebeing=Dutch),whichappeartomean"intheDutchfashion。"Cf。BenJonson,Alchemist,iv。6:
  "Idonotlikethedullnessofyoureye,Ithathaheavyeast,’tisupseeDutch;"
  thatis,lookslikeintoxication。SeealsoBeaumontandFletcher,Beggar’sBush,iv。4:"Thebowl……whichmustbeupseyEnglish,strong,lusty,Londonbeer。"
  98。Kerchief。Seeoniii。495above。
  100。Gillian。AcommonoldEnglishname(accordingtoColesandothers,acorruptionofJuliana),oftencontractedintoGillofJill,andusedasafamiliartermforawoman,asJackwasforaman。Thetwoareoftenassociated;asintheproverbs"EveryJackmusthavehisJill,"and"AgoodJackmakesagoodJill。"
  103。Placket。Explainedbysomeas=stomacher;byothersas=
  petticoat,ortheslitoropeninginthosegarments。Cf。Wb。Itisoftenusedfigurativelyforwoman,ashere。Placketandpot=
  womenandwine。