LETTERII。
"February24，1787。
"DearFriend，——Afteranintervalofsilence，rememberingmypromise，Iagaincontinuemystory。
"MypersonalsufferingshavenotbeenlessthanthoseofTrenck。
His，IamacquaintedwithonlyfromtheinaccuraterelationsIhaveheard：myownIhavefelt。AcolonelinthePrussianservice，whosenamewasHallasch，wasfouryearsmycompanion；hewasinsane，andbelievedhimselftheChristthatwastoappearatthemillennium：hepersecutedmewithhisreveries，whichIwasobligedtolistento，andapprove，orsufferviolencefromonestrongerthanmyself。
"Thesocietyofmenorbooks，everythingthatcouldconsoleoramuse，wereforbiddenme；andIconsidereditaswonderfulthatI
didnotmyselfgrowmad，inthecompanyofthismadman。FourhardwintersIexistedwithoutfeelingthefeebleemanationofawintersun，muchlessthewarmthoffire。Themadmanfeltmorepitythanmykeeper，andlentmehiscloaktocovermybody，thoughtheotherdeniedmeatrussofstraw，notwithstandingIhadlosttheuseofmyhandsandfeet。Theplacewherewewereconfinedwascalledachamber；itratherresembledthetempleofCloacina。Thenoxiousdampsandvapourssopoisonedmybloodthatanunskilfulsurgeon，whotorturedmeduringninemonths，withinsultasaPrussiantraitor，andstatecriminal，Ilostthegreatestpartofmyjaw。
"Schottendorfwasourgovernorandtyrant；amanwhorepaidthefriendshiphefoundinthemansionofmyfathers——withcruelty。Hewasripeforthesickle，andTimecuthimoff。TormentiniandGalerwerehissuccessorsinoffice，bythemwewerecarefullywatched，butweweretreatedwithcommiseration。Theirprecautionsrenderedimprisonmentlesswretched。EvershallIholdtheirmemorysacred。
Yet，benevolentastheywere，theirgoodnesswasexceededbythatofRottensteiner，theheadgaoler。Heconsideredhisprisonersashischildren；andhewastheirbenefactor。OfthisIhadexperience，duringtwoyearsafterthereleaseofHallasch。
"HereIbutcursorilydescribemisery，atwhichthemonarchshallshudder，ifthebloodofatyrantflownotinhisveins。Theresacouldnotwishthesethings。Butshewasfallible，andnotomniscient。
"Fromtheabovenarrative，youwillperceivehowoppositetheeffectsmustbewhichthehistoriesofBaronTrenckandofmyselfmustproduce。
"Trencklefthisdungeonshieldedfromcontempt；thedayoffreedomwasthedayoftriumph。I，onthecontrary，wasexposedtoeverycalamity。ThespiritofTrenckagainraiseditself。IhavelabouredmanyanightthatImightneitherbegnorperishthefollowingday：workingforjudgeswhoneitherknewlawnorhadpowersofmindtobeholdthebeautyofjustice：settlingaccountsthat，itemafteritem，didnotprovethatthelordtheywereintendedfor，wasanimbeciledupe。
"Trenckremembershiscalamities，buttheremembranceisadvantageoustohimselfandhisfamily；whilewithme，thepastdidbutincrease，didbutagonise，thepresentandthefuture。Hewasnotlikeme，obligedtocrouchinpresenceofthosevulgar，thoseincapableminds，thatdobutconsiderthebentbackasthefootstoolofpride。Everymanistoobusytoactinbehalfofothers；pitymetherefore，butadvisemenottohopeassistance，bypetitioningprincesatsecondhand。Iknowyourgoodwishes，and，forthese，I
havenothingtoreturnbutbarrenthanks。——Iam，&c"
ThereasonswhyIpublishedtheforegoinglettersarealreadystated，andwillappearsatisfactorytothereader。Oncemoretoaffairsthatconcernmyself。
ImetatBerlinmanyoldfriendsofbothsexes；amongothers，anagedinvalidcametoseeme，whowasatGlatz，in1746，whenIcutmywaythroughtheguard。Hewasoneofthesentinelsbeforemydoor，whomIhadthrowndownthestairs。
ThehourofquittingBerlin，andcontinuingmyjourneyintoPrussia，towardsKonigsberg，approached。Ontheeveofmydeparture，IhadthehappinessofconversingwithherRoyalHighnessthePrincessAmelia，sisterofFrederictheGreat。Sheprotectedmeinmyhourofadversity；heapedbenefitsuponme，andcontributedtogainmydeliverance。Shereceivedmeasafriend，asanagedpatriot；andlaidhercommandsuponmetowritetomywife，andrequestthatshewouldcometoBerlin，inthemonthofJune，withhertwoeldestdaughters。Ireceivedherpromisethatthehappinessofthelattershouldbehercare；nay，thatshewouldremembermywifeinherwill。
Atthismoment，whenabouttodepart，sheaskedmeifIhadmoneysufficientformyjourney："Yes，madam，"wasmyreply；"Iwantnothing，asknothing；butmayyouremembermychildren！"
ThedeepfeelingwithwhichIpronouncedthesewordsmovedtheprincess；sheshowedmehowshecomprehendedmymeaning，andsaid，"Return，myfriend，quickly：Ishallbemosthappytoseeyou。"
Ilefttheroom：akindofindecisioncameoverme。IwasinclinedtoremainlongeratBerlin。HadIdoneso，mypresencewouldhavebeenofgreatadvantagetomychildren。Alas！undertheguidanceofmyevilgenius，Ibeganmyjourney。ThepurposeforwhichIcametoBerlinwasfrustrated：foraftermydeparture，thePrincessAmeliadied！
Peacebetothyashes，nobleprincess！Thywillwasgood，andbethatsufficient。IshallnotwantmaterialstowriteacommentaryonthehistoryofFrederic，when，incompanywiththee，IshallwanderonthebanksofStyx；theretheeventsthathappenedonthisearthmaybewrittenwithoutdanger。
Soproceedwewithourstory。
CHAPTERX。
Onthe22ndofMarchIpursuedmyjourneytoKonigsberg，butremainedtwodaysatthecourtoftheMargraveofBrandenburg，whereIwasreceivedwithkindness。TheMargravehadbestowedfavoursonme，duringmyimprisonmentatMagdeburg。
IdepartedthencethroughSoldintoSchildberg，heretovisitmyrelationSidau，whohadmarriedthedaughterofmysister，whichdaughtermysisterhadbyherfirsthusband，Waldow，ofwhomIhavebeforespoken。Ifoundmykinsmanaworthyman，andonewhomadethedaughterofanunfortunatesisterhappy。Iwasreceivedathishousewithinopenarms；and，forthefirsttimeafteranintervaloftwo—and—fortyyears，beheldoneofmyownrelations。
Onmyjourneythither，IhadthepleasuretomeetwithLieutenant—
GeneralKowalsky：ThisgentlemanwasalieutenantinthegarrisonofGlatz，in1745，andwasawitnessofmyleapfromthewalloftherampart。Hehadreadmyhistory，someoftheprincipalfactsofwhichhewasacquaintedwith。Shouldanyonethereforedoubtconcerningthoseincidents，Imayrefertohim，whosetestimonycannotbesuspected。
FromSchildbergIproceededtoLandsberg，ontheWarta。HereI
foundmybrother—in—law，ColonelPape，commanderoftheGotzdragoons，andthesecondhusbandofmydeceasedsister：andhereI
passedajoyousday。Everybodycongratulatedmeonmyreturnintomycountry。
Ifoundrelationsinalmosteverygarrison。Neverdidmanreceivemoremarksofesteemthroughoutakingdom。Theknowledgeofmycalamitiesprocuredmesweetconsolation；andIwereinsensibleindeed，andungrateful，didmyheartremainunmovedonoccasionslikethese。
InAustriaInevercanexpectalikereception；Iamtheremistaken，andIfeellittleinclinationtolabouratremovingmistakessorooted。Yet，eventhereamIbythegeneralvoice，approved。Yes，Iamadmired，butnotknown；pitiedbutnotsupported；honoured，butnotrewarded。
WhenatBerlin，IdiscoveredanerrorIhadcommittedinthecommencementofmylife。AtthetimeIwroteIbelievedthatthepostmaster—generalofBerlin，MrDerschau，wasmymother’sbrother，andthesamepersonwho，in1742，wasgrandcounselloratGlogau，andafterwards，presidentinEastFriesland。Iwasdeceived；theDerschauwhoismymother’sbrotherisstillliving，andpresidentatAurichinEastFriesland。ThepostmasterwasthesonoftheoldDerschauwhodiedageneral，andwhowasonlydistantlyrelatedtomymother。NeitheristheyoungerDerschau，whoisthecolonelofaregimentatBurg，thebrotherofmymother，butonlyherfirstcousin；oneoftheirsistersmarriedLieut。—ColonelOstau，whoseson，thePresidentOstau，nowlivesonhisownestate，atLablackinPrussia。
Iwaslikewisedeceivedinhavingsuspectedalieutenant，namedMollinie，inthenarrativeIgaveofmyflightfromGlatz，ofhavingactedasaspyuponmeatBraunau，andofhavingsentinformationtoGeneralFouquet。Iamsorry。Thishonestmanisstillalive，acaptaininBrandenburg。Hewasaffectedatmysuspicion，fullyjustifiedhimself，andhereIpubliclyapologise。Hethenwas，andagainisbecomemyfriend。
IhavereceivedaletterfromoneLieutenantBrodowsky。Thisgentlemanisoffendedatfindinghismother’snameinmynarrative，anddemandsIshouldretractmywords。
MyreaderswillcertainlyallowthevirtueofMadameBrodowsky，atElbing，isnotimpeached。AlthoughIhavesaidIhadthefortunetobebelovedbyher，IhavenowhereintimatedthatIasked，orthatshegranted，improperfavours。
Bythedesireofapersonofdistinction，IshallinsertanincidentwhichIomittedinaformerpart。Thispersonwasaneye—witnessoftheincidentIamabouttorelate，atMagdeburg，andremindedmeoftheaffair。Itwasmylastattemptbutoneatflight。
Thecircumstanceswerethese：—
AsIfoundmyselfunabletogetridofmoresand，afterhavingagaincutthroughtheplanking，andminedthefoundation，Imadeaholetowardstheditch，inwhichthreesentinelswerestationed。ThisI
executedonenight，itbeingeasy，fromthelightnessofthesand，toperformtheworkintwohours。
NosoonerhadIbrokenthrough，thanIthrewoneofmyslippersbesidethepalisades，thatitmightbesupposedIhadlostitwhenclimbingoverthem。Thesepalisades，twelvefeetinlength，weresituatedinthefrontoftheprincipalfosse，andmysentinelsstoodwithin。Therewasnosentry—boxattheplacewhereIhadbrokenthrough。
Thisdone，Ireturnedintomyprison，madeanotherholeundertheplanking，whereIcouldhidemyself，andstoppedupthepassagebehindme，sothatitwasnotprobableIcouldbeseenorfound。
Whendaylightcame，thesentinelsawtheholeandgavethealarm，theslipperwasfound，anditwasconcludedthatTrenckhadescapedoverthepalisades，andwasnolongerinprison。
Immediatelythesub—governorcamefromMagdeburg，thegunswerefired，thehorsescouredthecountry，andthesubterraneanpassageswereallvisited：notidingscame；nodiscoverywasmade，andtheconclusionwasIhadescaped。ThatIshouldflywithouttheknowledgeofthesentinels，wasdeemedimpossible；theofficer，andalltheguard，wereputunderarrest，andeverybodywassurprised。
I，inthemeantime，satquietinmyhole，whereIheardtheirsearches，andsuppositionsthatIwasgone。
Myheartboundedwithjoy，andIheldescapetobeindubitable。
Theywouldnotplacesentinelsovertheprisonthefollowingnight，andIshouldthenreallyhaveleftmyplaceofconcealment，and，mostprobablyhavesafelyarrivedinSaxony。Mydestiny，however，robbedmeofallhopeattheverymomentwhenIsupposedthegreatestofmydifficultieswereconquered。
EverythingseemedtohappenasIcouldwish。Thewholegarrisoncame，andvisitedthecasemates，andallstoodastonishedatthemiracletheybeheld。Inthisstatethingsremainedtillfouro’clockintheafternoon。Atlength，anensignofthemilitiacame，aboyofaboutfifteenorsixteenyearsofage，whohadmorewitthananyorallofthem。Heapproachedthehole，examinedtheaperturenextthefosse，thoughtitappearedsmall，triedtoenterithimself，foundhecouldnot，thereforeconcludeditwasimpossibleamanofmysizecouldhavepassedthrough，andaccordinglycalledforalight。
ThiswasanaccidentIhadnotforeseen。Halfstifledinmyhole，I
hadopenedthecanalundertheplanking。Nosoonerhadtheyouthprocuredalight，thanheperceivedmyshirt，examinednearer，feltabout，andlaidholdofmebythearm。Thefoxwascaught，andthelaughwasuniversal。Myconfusionmayeasilybeimagined。Theyallcameroundme，paidmetheircompliments，andfindingnothingbetterwastobedone，Ilaughedincompanywiththem，and，thuslaughingwasledbackwithanachinghearttobesorrowfullyenchainedinmydungeon。
Icontinuedmyjourney，andarrived，onthefourthofApril，atKonigsberg，wheremybrotherexpectedmyarrival。Weembracedasbrothersmust，aftertheabsenceoftwo—and—fortyyears。OfallthebrothersandsistersIhadleftinthiscity，heonlyremained。Helivedaretiredandpeaceablelifeonhisownestates。Hehadnochildrenliving。Icontinuedafortnightwithinhimandhiswife。
Here，forthefirsttime，Ilearnedwhathadhappenedtomyrelations，duringtheirabsence。ThewrathoftheGreatFredericextendeditselftoallmyfamily。MysecondbrotherwasanensignintheregimentofcuirassiersatKiow，in1746，whenIfirstincurreddisgracefromtheKing。Sixyearsheserved，foughtatthreebattles，but，becausehisnamewasTrenck，neverwaspromoted。
Wearyofexpectationhequittedthearmy，married，andlivedonhisestatesatMeicken，wherehediedaboutthreeyearsago，andlefttwosons，whoareanhonourtothefamilyoftheTrencks。
Famespokehimapersoncapableofrenderingthestateessentialservice，asamilitaryman；buthewasmybrother，andtheKingwouldneversufferhisnametobementioned。
Myyoungestbrotherappliedhimselftothesciences；itwasproposedthatheshouldreceivesomecivilemployment，ashewasanintelligentandwell—informedman；buttheKingansweredinthemarginofthepetition，"NoTrenckisgoodforanything。"
Thushaveallmyfamilysuffered，becauseofmyunjustcondemnation。
Mylast—mentionedbrotherchosethelifeofaprivateman，andlivedathisease，inindependence，amongthefirstpeopleofthekingdom。
Thehatredofthemonarchextendeditselftomysister，whohadmarriedthesonofGeneralWaldow，andlivedinwidowhood，fromtheyear1749，tohersecondmarriage。Themisfortunesofthiswoman，inconsequenceofthetreacheryofWeingarten，andtheaidshesenttomeinmyprisonatMagdeburg，Ihavebeforerelated。ShewaspossessedofthefineestateofHammer，nearLandsbergontheWarta。
TheRussianarmychangedthewholefaceofthecountry，andlaiditdesert。ShefledtoCustrin，whereeverythingwasdestroyedduringthesiege。ThePrussianarmyalsodemolishedthefineforests。
Afterthewar，theKingassistedalltheruinedfamiliesofBrandenburg；shealoneobtainednothing，becauseshewasmysister。
ShepetitionedtheKing，whorepinedshemustseekforredressfromherdearbrother。Shedied，intheflowerofherage，ashorttimeaftershehadmarriedhersecondhusband，thepresentColonelPape：
herson，also，diedlastyear。HewascaptainintheregimentoftheGotzdragoons。Thuswereallmybrothersandsisterspunishedbecausetheyweremine。CoulditbebelievedthatthegreatFredericwouldrevengehimselfonthechildrenandthechildren’schildren？Wasitnotsufficientthatheshouldwreakhiswrathonmyheadalone？WhyhasthenameofTrenckbeenhatefultohim，totheveryhourofhisdeath？
OneDerschau，captainofhorse，andbrotherofmymother，addressedhimselftotheKing，in1753，alleginghewasmynearestrelationandfeudalheir，andpetitionedthathewouldbestowonhimmyconfiscatedestatesofGreatSharlack。TheKingdemandedthatthenecessaryproofsshouldbesentfromthechamberatKonigsberg。HewasuninformedthatIhadtwobrothersliving，thatGreatSharlackwasanancientfamilyinheritance，andthatitappertainedtomybrothers，andnottoDerschau。Mybrothersthenannouncedthemselvesasthesuccessorstothisfief，andtheKingbestowedonthemtheestateofGreatSharlackconformabletothefeudallaws。
Thatitmightbeproperlydivided，itwasputuptoauction，andboughtbytheyoungestofmybrothers，whopaidsurplustotheother，andtomysister。Helikewisepaiddebtschargeduponit，accordingtotheexpressordersofthecourt。Thepersonswhocalledthemselvesmycreditorswereimpostors，forIhadnocreditors；Iwasbutnineteenwhenmyestateswereconfiscated，consequentlywasnotofage。Bywhatrighttherefore，couldsuchdebtsbedemandedorpaid？Letthemexplainthiswhocan。
ThesamethinghappenedwhenanaccountwasgivenintotheFiscusoftheguardianship，althoughIacknowledgemyguardiansweremenofprobity。Oneofthemwaseightyearsinpossession，andwhenhegaveituptomybrothershedidnotaccountwiththemforasingleshilling。Atpresent，therefore，theaffairstandsthus：—FredericWilliamhastakenoffthesentenceofconfiscation，andorderedmetobeputinpossessionofmyestates，byagraciousrescript：
empoweredbythisIcomeanddemandrestitution；mybrotheranswers，"Ihaveboughtandpaidfortheestate，amthelegalpossessor，haveimproveditsomuchthatGreatSharlack，atpresent，isworththreeorfourtimesthesumitwasatthetimeofconfiscation。LettheFiscuspaymeitsactualvalue，andthenletthembestowitonwhomtheyplease。Ifthereigningkinggiveswhathispredecessorsoldtome，Ioughtnottherebytobealoser。"
ThisisaproblemwhichthepeopleofBerlinmustresolve。Mybrotherhasnochildren，and，withoutgoingtolaw，willbequeathGreatSharlacktomine，whenheshallhappentodie。Ifheisforcedineffecttorestoreitwithoutbeingreimbursed，theKinginsteadofgrantingafavour，hasnotdonejustice。Idonotrequestanyrestitutionlikethis，sincesuchrestitutionwouldbemadewithoutaskingitasafavouroftheKing。IfhisMajestytakesofftheconfiscationbecauseheisconvinceditwasoriginallyviolentandunjust，thenhaveIarighttodemandtherentsoftwo—
and—fortyyears。ThisIamtorequirefromtheFiscus，notfrommybrother。AndshouldtheFiscusonlyrestoremethepriceforwhichitthensold，itwouldcommitamanifestinjustice，sinceallestatesintheprovinceofPrussiahave，since1746，tripledandquadrupledtheirvalue。Iftheestatesdescendonlytomychildrenaftermydeath，Ireceiveneitherrightnorfavour；for，inthiscase，Iobtainnothingformyself，andshallremaindeprivedoftherents，which，astheestateisatpresentfarmedbymybrotheramounttofourthousandrix—dollarsperannum。Thisestatecannotbetakenfromhimlegally，sinceheenjoysitbyrightofpurchaseSuchisthepresentstateofthebusiness。Howthemonarchshallthinkpropertodecide，willbeseenhereafter。IhavedemandedoftheFiscusthatitshallmakeafairvaluationofGreatSharlack，reimbursemybrother，andrestoreittome。Mybrotherhasotherestates。Thesehewilldisposeofbytestament，accordingtohisgoodpleasure。Bethesethingsastheymay，thepurposeofmyjourneyisaccomplished。
Thou，greatGod，haspreservedmeamidstmytrouble。Thepurestgratitudepenetratesmyheart。Oh，thatthouwouldstshieldmanfromarbitrarypower，andbanishdespotismfromtheearth！
Maythismynarrationbealessontotheafflicted，affordhopetothedespairing，fortitudetothewavering，andhumanisetheheartsofkings。JoyfullydoIjourneytotheshoresofdeath。Myconscienceisvoidofreproach，posterityshallblessmymemory，andonlytheunfeeling，thewicked，theconfessorofprincesandthepiousimpostor，shallventtheirrageagainstmywritings。Mymindisdesirousofrepose，andshouldthisbedeniedme，stillIwillnotmurmur。Inowwishtostealgentlytowardsthatlastasylum，whitherifIhadgoneinmyyouth，itmusthavebeenwithcoloursflying。Grant，AlmightyGod，thattheprayerIthisdaymakemaybeheard，andthatsuchmaybetheconclusionofmyeventfullife！
HISTORYOF
FRANCISBARONTRENCK。
WRITTENBY
FREDERICKBARONTRENCK，ASANECESSARYSUPPLEMENTTOHISOWNHISTORY。
FrancisBaronTrenckwasbornin1714，inCalabria，aprovinceofSicily。Hisfatherwasthenagovernorandlieutenant—colonelthere，anddiedin1743，atLeitschau，inHungary，lordoftherichmanorsofPrestowacz，Pleternitz，andPakratz，inSclavonia，andotherestatesinHungary。HischristiannamewasJohn；hewasmyfather’sbrother，andborninKonigsberginPrussia。
ThenameofhismotherwasKettler；shewasborninCourland。
Trenckwasagentlemanofancientfamily；andhisgrandfather，whowasminealso，wasofPrussia。Hisfather，whohadservedAustriatotheageofsixty—eight，acolonel，andborethosewoundstohisgravewhichattestedhisvalour。
FrancisBaronTrenckwashisonlyson；hehadattainedtherankofcolonelduringhisfather’slife，andservedwithdistinctioninthearmyofMariaTheresa。Thehistoryofhislife，whichhepublishedin1747，whenhewasunderconfinementatVienna，issofullofminutecircumstances，andsopoorlywritten，thatIshallmakebutlittleuseofit。HereIshallrelateonlywhatIhaveheardfromhisenemiesthemselves，andwhatIhavemyselfseen。Hisfather，aboldanddaringsoldier，idolisedhisonlyson，andwhollyneglectedhiseducation，sothatthepassionsofthissonweremostunbridled。
Endowedwithextraordinarytalents，thisardentyouthwasearlyallowedtoindulgetheimpetuousfireofhisconstitution。
Moderationwasutterlyunknowntohim，andgoodfortunemostremarkablyfavouredallhisenterprises。Thesewerenumerous，undertakenfromnoprincipleofvirtue，noractuatedbyanymotivesofmorality。Theloveofmoney，andthedesireoffame，werethepassionsofhissoul。Tohiswarlikeinclinationwasaddedtheinsensibilityofaheartnativelywicked：andhefoundhimselfanactor，onthegreatsceneoflife，atatimewhentheearthwasdrenchedwithhumangore，andwhenthesworddecidedthefateofnations：hencethischiefofpandours，thisscourgeoftheunprotected，becameaniron—heartedenemy，aferociousfoeofthehumanrace，aformidableenemyinprivatelife，andaperfidiousfriend。
Constitutionallysanguinary，addictedtopleasures，sensual，andbrave；hewasunappeasedwhenaffronted，prompttoact，inthemomentofdangercircumspect，and，whenunderthedominionofanger，crueleventofury；irreconcilable，artful，fertileininvention，andeverintentongreatprojects。Whenyouthandbeautyinspiredlove，hethenbecamesupple，insinuating，amiable，gentle，respectful；yet，everexcitedbypride，eachconquestgavebutnewdesiresofaddinganotherslaveoverwhomhemightdomineer；and，wheneverheencounteredresistance，hethenevenceasedtobeavaricious。Aprudentandintelligentwoman，turningthispartofhischaractertoadvantage，mighthaveformedthismantovirtue，probity，andtheloveofthehumanrace：but，fromhisinfancy，hiswillhadneversufferedrestraint，andhethoughtnothingimpossible。Asasoldier，hewasboldeventotemerity；capableofthemosthazardousenterprise，andlaughingatthedangerheprovoked。Hisprojectswerethemoreelevatedbecausetheacquirementofrenownwastheintentofallhisactions。Incouncilhewasdangerous；everythingmustbeconcededtohisviews。Tohimthemeansbywhichhisendwastobeobtainedwereindifferent。
TheCroatsatthistimewereundisciplined，pronetorapine，thirstingforhumanblood，andonlytaughtobediencebyviolence；
thesehadbeenthecompanionsofhisinfancy：theseheundertooktosubject，byservitudeandfear，tomilitarysubordination，andfrombandittitomakethemsoldiers。
Withrespecttohisexterior，Naturehadbeenprodigalofherfavours。Hisheightwassixfeetthreeinches，andthesymmetryofhislimbswasexact；hisformwasupright，hiscountenanceagreeable，yetmasculine，andhisstrengthalmostincredible。Hecouldsevertheheadfromthebodyofthelargestoxwithonestrokeofhissabre，andwassoadroitatthisTurkishpractice，thatheatlengthcouldbeheadmeninthemannerboysdonettles。Inthelatteryearsofhislife，hisaspecthadbecometerrible；for，duringtheBavarianwar，hehadbeenscorchedbytheexplosionofapowder—barrel，andeverafterhisfaceremainedscarredandimpregnatedwithblackspots。Incompanyherenderedhimselfexceedinglyagreeable，spokesevenlanguagesfluently，wasjocular，possessedwit，andinseriousconversation，understanding；hadlearnedmusic，sungwithtaste，andhadagoodvoice，sothathemighthavebeenwellpaidasanactor，hadthatbeenhisfate。Hecouldeven，whensodisposed，becomegentleandcomplaisant。
Hislooktoldthemanofobservationthathewascunningandcholeric；andhiswrathwasterrible。Hewaseversuspicious，becausehejudgedothersbyhimself。Self—interestandavariceconstitutedhisrulingpassion，and，wheneverhehadanopportunityofincreasinghiswealth，hedisregardedthedutiesofreligion，thetiesofhonour，andhumanpity。Inthethirty—firstyearofhisage，whenhewaspossessedofnearlytwomillions，hedidnotexpendaflorinperday。
Asheandhispandoursalwaysledthevan，andashethencehadanopportunitytoravagetheenemy’scountry，attheheadoftroopsaddictedtorapine，wemustnotwonderthatBavaria，Silesia，andAlsatiaweresoplundered。Healonepurchasedthebootyfromhistroopsatalowprice，andthishesentbywatertohisownestates。