TheindifferenceexhibitedbyLavengroforwhatismerelygenteel，comparedwithhissolicitudenevertoinfringethestrictlawsofhonour，shouldreadasalutarylesson。Thegeneralityofhiscountrymenarefarmorecarefulnottotransgressthecustomsofwhattheycallgentility，thantoviolatethelawsofhonourormorality。Theywillshrinkfromcarryingtheirowncarpet—bag，andfromspeakingtoapersoninseedyraiment，whilsttomattersofmuchhigherimportancetheyareshamelesslyindifferent。NotsoLavengro；hewilldoanythingthathedeemsconvenient，orwhichstrikeshisfancy，provideditdoesnotoutragedecency，orisunalliedtoprofligacy；isnotashamedtospeaktoabeggarinrags，andwillassociatewithanybody，providedhecangratifyalaudablecuriosity。Hehasnoabstractloveforwhatislow，orwhattheworldcallslow。
　　Heseesthatmanythingswhichtheworldlooksdownuponarevaluable，soheprizesmuchwhichtheworldcondemns；heseesthatmanythingswhichtheworldadmiresarecontemptible，sohedespisesmuchwhichtheworlddoesnot；butwhentheworldprizeswhatisreallyexcellent，hedoesnotcontemnit，becausetheworldregardsit。IfhelearnsIrish，whichalltheworldscoffsat，helikewiselearnsItalian，whichalltheworldmeltsat。IfhelearnsGypsy，thelanguageofthetatteredtent，helikewiselearnsGreek，thelanguageofthecollege—hall。Ifhelearnssmithery，healsolearns—ah！
　　whatdoeshelearntosetagainstsmithery？—thelaw？No；
　　hedoesnotlearnthelaw，which，bytheway，isnotverygenteel。Swimming？Yes，helearnstoswim。Swimming，however，isnotgenteel；andtheworld—atleastthegenteelpartofit—actsverywiselyinsettingitsfaceagainstit；
　　fortoswimyoumustbenaked，andhowwouldmanyagenteelpersonlookwithouthisclothes？Come，helearnshorsemanship；averygenteelaccomplishment，whicheverygenteelpersonwouldgladlypossess，thoughnotallgenteelpeopledo。
　　Againastoassociates：ifheholdscommunionwhenaboywithMurtagh，thescarecrowofanIrishacademy，heassociatesinafterlifewithFrancisArdry，arichandtalentedyoungIrishgentlemanabouttown。IfheacceptsaninvitationfromMr。Petulengrotohistent，hehasnoobjectiontogohomewitharichgeniustodinner；whothenwillsaythatheprizesathingorapersonbecausetheyareungenteel？Thatheisnotreadytotakeupwitheverythingthatisungenteelhegivesaproof，whenherefuses，thoughonthebrinkofstarvation，tobecomebonnettothethimble—man，anoffice，which，thoughprofitable，ispositivelyungenteel。Ah！butsomesticker—upforgentilitywillexclaim，"Theherodidnotrefusethisofficefromaninsurmountabledisliketoitsungentility，butmerelyfromafeelingofprinciple。"Well！
　　thewriterisnotfondofargument，andhewilladmitthatsuchwasthecase；headmitsthatitwasaloveofprinciple，ratherthananover—regardforgentility，whichpreventedtheherofromaccepting，whenonthebrinkofstarvation，anungenteelthoughlucrativeoffice，anofficewhich，thewriterbegsleavetoobserve，manyapersonwithagreatregardforgentility，andnoparticularregardforprinciple，wouldinasimilarstraithaveaccepted；forwhendidamereloveforgentilitykeepapersonfrombeingadirtyscoundrel，whenthealternativeswere"eitherbeadirtyscoundrelorstarve？"Onething，however，iscertain，whichis，thatLavengrodidnotaccepttheoffice，whichifaloveforwhatislowhadbeenhisrulingpassionhecertainlywouldhavedone；consequently，herefusestodoonethingwhichnogenteelpersonwouldwillinglydo，evenashedoesmanythingswhicheverygenteelpersonwouldgladlydo，forexample，speaksItalian，ridesonhorseback，associateswithafashionableyoungman，dineswitharichgenius，etcetera。
　　Yet—anditcannotbeminced—heandgentilitywithregardtomanythingsareatstrangedivergency；heshrinksfrommanythingsatwhichgentilityplacidlyhumsatune，orapprovinglysimpers，anddoessomethingsatwhichgentilitypositivelyshrinks。Hewillnotrunintodebtforclothesorlodgings，whichhemightdowithoutanyscandaltogentility；
　　hewillnotreceivemoneyfromFrancisArdry，andgotoBrightonwiththesisterofAnnetteLeNoir，thoughthereisnothingungenteelinborrowingmoneyfromafriend，evenwhenyouneverintendtorepayhim，andsomethingpoignantlygenteelingoingtoawatering—placewithagayyoungFrenchwoman；buthehasnoobjection，afterraisingtwentypoundsbythesaleofthatextraordinarywork"JosephSell，"
　　tosetoffintothecountry，mendkettlesunderhedge—rows，andmakeponyanddonkeyshoesinadingle。Here，perhaps，someplain，well—meaningpersonwillcry—andwithmuchapparentjustice—howcanthewriterjustifyhiminthisact？Whatmotive，savealoveforwhatislow，couldinducehimtodosuchathing？Wouldthewriterhaveeverybodywhoisinneedofrecreationgointothecountry，mendkettlesunderhedges，andmakeponyshoesindingles？Tosuchanobservationthewriterwouldanswer，thatLavengrohadanexcellentmotiveindoingwhathedid，butthatthewriterisnotsounreasonableastowisheverybodytodothesame。Itisnoteverybodywhocanmendkettles。ItisnoteverybodywhoisinsimilarcircumstancestothoseinwhichLavengrowas。LavengrofliesfromLondonandhackauthorship，andtakestotheroadsfromfearofconsumption；itisexpensivetoputupatinns，andevenatpublic—houses，andLavengrohasnotmuchmoney；sohebuysatinker’scartandapparatus，andsetsupastinker，andsubsequentlyasblacksmith；apersonlivinginatent，orinanythingelse，mustdosomethingorgomad；Lavengrohadamind，ashehimselfwellknew，withsomeslighttendencytomadness，andhadhenotemployedhimself，hemusthavegonewild；sotoemployhimselfhedrewupononeofhisresources，theonlyoneavailableatthetime。Authorshiphadnearlykilledhim，hewassickofreading，andhadbesidesnobooks；buthepossessedtherudimentsofanartakintotinkering；heknewsomethingofsmithery，havingservedakindofapprenticeshipinIrelandtoafairysmith；sohedrawsuponhissmitherytoenablehimtoacquiretinkering，hespeedilyacquiresthatcraft，evenashehadspeedilyacquiredWelsh，owingtoitsconnectionwithIrish，whichlanguagehepossessed；andwithtinkeringheamuseshimselfuntilhelaysitasidetoresumesmithery。Amanwhohasaninnocentresource，hasquiteasmuchrighttodrawuponitinneed，ashehasuponabankerinwhosehandshehasplacedasum；Lavengroturnstoadvantage，underparticularcircumstances，acertainresourcewhichhehas，butpeoplewhoarenotsoforlornasLavengro，andhavenotservedthesameapprenticeshipwhichhehad，arenotadvisedtofollowhisexample。Surelyhewasbetteremployedinplyingthetradesoftinkerandsmiththaninhavingrecoursetovice，inrunningaftermilk—maids，forexample。Runningaftermilk—maidsisbynomeansanungenteelruraldiversion；butletanyoneasksomerespectablecasuist（theBishopofLondonforexample），whetherLavengrowasnotfarbetteremployed，wheninthecountry，attinkeringandsmitherythanhewouldhavebeeninrunningafterallthemilk—maidsinCheshire，thoughtinkeringisingeneralconsideredaveryungenteelemployment，andsmitherylittlebetter，notwithstandingthatanOrcadianpoet，whowroteinNorseabouteighthundredyearsago，reckonsthelatteramongninenobleartswhichhepossessed，namingitalongwithplayingatchess，ontheharp，andravellingrunes，orastheoriginalhasit，"treadingrunes"—thatis，compressingthemintoasmallcompassbyminglingoneletterwithanother，evenastheTurkishcaligraphistsraveltheArabicletters，moreespeciallythosewhowritetalismans。
　　"NineartshaveI，allnoble；
　　Iplayatchesssofree，AtravellingrunesI’mready，Atbooksandsmithery；
　　I’mskilledo’ericeatskimmingOnskates，Ishootandrow，Andfewatharpingmatchme，Orminstrelsy，Itrow。"
　　ButthoughLavengrotakesupsmithery，which，thoughtheOrcadianranksitwithchess—playingandharping，iscertainlysomewhatofagrimyart，therecanbenodoubtthat，hadhebeenwealthyandnotsoforlornashewas，hewouldhaveturnedtomanythings，honourable，ofcourse，inpreference。Hehasnoobjectiontorideafinehorsewhenhehastheopportunity：hehashisday—dreamofmakingafortuneoftwohundredthousandpoundsbybecomingamerchantanddoingbusinessaftertheArmenianfashion；andtherecanbenodoubtthathewouldhavebeengladtowearfineclothes，providedhehadhadsufficientfundstoauthorizehiminwearingthem。Forthesakeofwanderingthecountryandplyingthehammerandtongs，hewouldnothaverefusedacommissionintheserviceofthatillustriousmonarchGeorgetheFourth，providedhehadthoughtthathecouldliveonhispay，andnotbeforcedtorunindebttotradesmen，withoutanyhopeofpayingthem，forclothesandluxuries，asmanyhighlygenteelofficersinthathonourableservicewereinthehabitofdoing。Forthesakeoftinkering，hewouldcertainlynothaverefusedasecretaryshipofanembassytoPersia，inwhichhemighthaveturnedhisacquaintancewithPersian，Arabic，andtheLordonlyknowswhatotherlanguages，toaccount。Hetooktotinkeringandsmithery，becausenobetteremploymentswereathiscommand。Nowariswagedinthebookagainstrank，wealth，fineclothes，ordignifiedemployments；itisshown，however，thatapersonmaybeagentlemanandascholarwithoutthem。Rank，wealth，fineclothes，anddignifiedemployments，arenodoubtveryfinethings，buttheyaremerelyexternals，theydonotmakeagentleman，theyaddexternalgraceanddignitytothegentlemanandscholar，buttheymakeneither；andisitnotbettertobeagentlemanwithoutthemthannotagentlemanwiththem？IsnotLavengro，whenheleavesLondononfootwithtwentypoundsinhispocket，entitledtomorerespectthanMr。Flamsonflaminginhiscoachwithamillion？AndisnoteventhehonestjockeyatHorncastle，whooffersafairpricetoLavengroforhishorse，entitledtomorethanthescoundrellord，whoattemptstocheathimofone—fourthofitsvalue？
　　Millions，however，seemtothinkotherwise，bytheirservileadorationofpeoplewhomwithoutrank，wealth，andfineclothestheywouldconsiderinfamous，butwhompossessedofrank，wealth，andglitteringhabilimentstheyseemtoadmireallthemorefortheirprofligacyandcrimes。Doesnotablood—spot，oralust—spot，ontheclothesofabloomingemperor，giveakindofzesttothegenteelyounggod？Donotthepride，superciliousness，andselfishnessofacertainaristocracymakeitallthemoreregardedbyitsworshippers？
　　anddonottheclownishandgutter—bloodadmirersofMr。
　　Flamsonlikehimallthemorebecausetheyareconsciousthatheisaknave？Ifsuchisthecase—and，alas！isitnotthecase？—theycannotbetoofrequentlytoldthatfineclothes，wealth，andtitlesadornapersoninproportionasheadornsthem；thatifwornbythemagnanimousandgoodtheyareornamentsindeed，butifbythevileandprofligatetheyaremerelysanbenitos，andonlyservetomaketheirinfamydoublyapparent；andthatapersoninseedyraimentandtatteredhat，possessedofcourage，kindness，andvirtue，isentitledtomorerespectfromthosetowhomhisvirtuesaremanifestedthananycruelprofligateemperor，selfisharistocrat，orknavishmillionaireintheworld。
　　ThewriterhasnointentionofsayingthatallinEnglandareaffectedwiththeabsurdmaniaforgentility；norissuchastatementmadeinthebook；itisshownthereinthatindividualsofcertainclassescanprizeagentleman，notwithstandingseedyraiment，dustyshoesortatteredhat，—
　　forexample，theyoungIrishman，therichgenius，thepostillion，andhisemployer。Again，whenthelifeoftheheroisgiventotheworld，amidstthehowlaboutitslownessandvulgarity，raisedbytheservilecrewwhomitsindependenceofsentimenthasstung，morethanonepowerfulvoicehasbeenheardtestifyingapprobationofitslearningandthepurityofitsmorality。ThatthereissomesaltinEngland，mindsnotswayedbymereexternals，heisfullyconvinced；ifhewerenot，hewouldsparehimselfthetroubleofwriting；buttothefactthatthegeneralityofhiscountrymenarebaselygrovellingbeforetheshrineofwhattheyarepleasedtocallgentility，hecannotshuthiseyes。
　　Oh！whatacleverpersonthatCockneywas，who，travellingintheAberdeenrailroadcarriage，afteredifyingthecompanywithhisremarksonvarioussubjects，gaveitashisopinionthatLieutenantP—would，infuture，beshunnedbyallrespectablesociety！Andwhatasimplepersonthatelderlygentlemanwas，who，abruptlystarting，askedinratheranauthoritativevoice，"andwhyshouldLieutenantP—beshunnedbyrespectablesociety？"andwho，afterenteringintowhatwassaidtobeamasterlyanalysisoftheentireevidenceofthecase，concludedbystating，"thathavingbeenaccustomedtoallkindsofevidenceallhislife，hehadneverknownacaseinwhichtheaccusedhadobtainedamorecompleteandtriumphantjustificationthanLieutenantP—haddoneinthelatetrial。"
　　NowtheCockney，whoissaidtohavebeenaveryfoppishCockney，wasperfectlyrightinwhathesaid，andthereinmanifestedaknowledgeoftheEnglishmindandcharacter，andlikewiseofthemodernEnglishlanguage，towhichhiscatechist，who，itseems，wasadistinguishedmemberoftheScottishbar，couldlaynopretensions。TheCockneyknewwhattheLordofSessionknewnot，thattheBritishpublicisgentilitycrazy，andheknew，moreover，thatgentilityandrespectabilityaresynonymous。NooneinEnglandisgenteelorrespectablethatis"lookedat，"whoisthevictimofoppression；hemaybepitiedforatime，butwhendidnotpityterminateincontempt？Apoor，harmlessyoungofficer—
　　butwhyenterintothedetailsoftheinfamouscase？theyarebuttoowellknown，andifevercruelty，pride，andcowardice，andthingsmuchworsethanevencruelty，cowardice，andpridewerebroughttolight，and，atthesametime，countenanced，theywereinthatcase。Whatavailedthetriumphantjustificationofthepoorvictim？Therewasatfirstaroarofindignationagainsthisoppressors，buthowlongdiditlast？Hehadbeenturnedoutoftheservice，theyremainedinitwiththeirredcoatsandepaulets；hewasmerelythesonofamanwhohadrenderedgoodservicetohiscountry，theywere，forthemostpart，highlyconnected—
　　theywereintheextremestdegreegenteel，hequitethereverse；sothenationwavered，considered，thoughtthegenteelsidewasthesafestafterall，andthenwiththecryof，"Oh！thereisnothinglikegentility，"rattedbodily。
　　Newspaperandpublicturnedagainstthevictim，scoutedhim，apologizedforthe—whatshouldtheybecalled？—whowerenotonlyadmittedintothemostrespectablesociety，butcourtedtocome，thespotsnotmerelyofwineontheirmilitaryclothes，givingthemakindofpoignancy。ButthereisaGodinheaven；theBritishgloriesaretarnished—
　　ProvidencehasneversmiledonBritisharmssincethatcase—
　　oh！Balaklava！thynameinterpretedisnetoffishes，andwelldostthoudeservethatname。Howmanyascarletgoldenfishhasoflateperishedinthemudamidstthee，cursingthegenteelservice，andthegenteelleaderwhichbroughthimtosuchadoom。
　　Whethertherageforgentilityismostprevalentamongsttheupper，middle，orlowerclassesitisdifficulttosay；thepriestinthetextseemstothinkthatitisexhibitedinthemostdecidedmannerinthemiddleclass；itisthewriter’sopinion，however，thatinnoclassisitmorestronglydevelopedthaninthelower：whattheycallbeingwell—borngoesagreatwayamongstthem，butthepossessionofmoneymuchfarther，whenceMr。Flamson’sinfluenceoverthem。
　　Theirrageagainst，andscornfor，anypersonwhobyhiscourageandtalentshasadvancedhimselfinlife，andstillremainspoor，areindescribable；"heisnobetterthanourselves，"theysay，"whyshouldhebeaboveus？"—fortheyhavenoconceptionthatanybodyhasarighttoascendencyoverthemselvesexceptbybirthormoney。Thisfeelingamongstthevulgarhasbeen，toacertainextent，thebaneoftwoservices，navalandmilitary。Thewriterdoesnotmakethisassertionrashly；heobservedthisfeelingatworkinthearmywhenachild，andhehasgoodreasonforbelievingthatitwasasstronglyatworkinthenavyatthesametime，andisstillasprevalentinboth。Whyarenotbravemenraisedfromtheranks？isfrequentlythecry；whyarenotbravesailorspromoted？TheLordhelpbravesoldiersandsailorswhoarepromoted；theyhavelesstoundergofromthehighairsoftheirbrotherofficers，andthosearehardenoughtoendure，thanfromtheinsolenceofthemen。
　　Soldiersandsailorspromotedtocommandaresaidtobeingeneraltyrants；inninecasesoutoften，whentheyaretyrants，theyhavebeenobligedtohaverecoursetoextremeseverityinordertoprotectthemselvesfromtheinsolenceandmutinousspiritofthemen，—"Heisnobetterthanourselves：shoothim，bayonethim，orflinghimoverboard！"
　　theysayofsomeobnoxiousindividualraisedabovethembyhismerit。Soldiersandsailors，ingeneral，willbearanyamountoftyrannyfromalordlysot，orthesonofamanwhohas"plentyofbrass"—theirownterm—butwillmutinyagainstthejustordersofaskilfulandbraveofficerwho"isnobetterthanthemselves。"Therewastheaffairofthe"Bounty，"forexample：Blighwasoneofthebestseamenthatevertroddeck，andoneofthebravestofmen；proofsofhisseamanshiphegavebysteering，amidstdreadfulweather，adeeply—ladenboatfornearlyfourthousandmilesoveranalmostunknownocean—ofhisbravery，atthefightofCopenhagen，oneofthemostdesperateeverfought，ofwhichafterNelsonhewasthehero：hewas，moreover，notanunkindman；butthecrewofthe"Bounty"mutiniedagainsthim，andsethimhalfnakedinanopenboat，withcertainofhismenwhoremainedfaithfultohim，andranawaywiththeship。
　　Theirprincipalmotivefordoingsowasanidea，whethertrueorgroundlessthewritercannotsay，thatBlighwas"nobetterthanthemselves；"hewascertainlyneitheralord’sillegitimate，norpossessedoftwentythousandpounds。Thewriterknowswhatheiswritingabout，havingbeenacquaintedinhisearlyyearswithanindividualwhowasturnedadriftwithBligh，andwhodiedabouttheyear’22，alieutenantinthenavy，inaprovincialtowninwhichthewriterwasbroughtup。Theringleadersinthemutinyweretwoscoundrels，ChristianandYoung，whohadgreatinfluencewiththecrew，becausetheyweregenteellyconnected。Bligh，afterleavingthe"Bounty，"hadconsiderabledifficultyinmanagingthemenwhohadsharedhisfate，becausetheyconsideredthemselves"asgoodmenashe，"notwithstanding，thattohisconductandseamanshiptheyhadalonetolook，underHeaven，forsalvationfromtheghastlyperilsthatsurroundedthem。Blighhimself，inhisjournal，alludestothisfeeling。Once，whenheandhiscompanionslandedonadesertisland，oneofthemsaid，withamutinouslook，thatheconsideredhimself"asgoodamanashe；"Bligh，seizingacutlass，calleduponhimtotakeanotheranddefendhimself，whereuponthemansaidthatBlighwasgoingtokillhim，andmadeallmannerofconcessions；nowwhydidthisfellowconsiderhimselfasgoodamanasBligh？Washeasgoodaseaman？no，noratenthpartasgood。Asbraveaman？no，noratenthpartasbrave；andofthesefactshewasperfectlywellaware，butbraveryandseamanshipstoodfornothingwithhim，astheystillstandwiththousandsofhisclass；Blighwasnotgenteelbybirthormoney，thereforeBlighwasnobetterthanhimself。HadBligh，beforehesailed，gotatwenty—thousandpoundprizeinthelottery，hewouldhaveexperiencednoinsolencefromthisfellow，fortherewouldhavebeennomutinyinthe"Bounty。""Heisourbetters，"thecrewwouldhavesaid，"anditisourdutytoobeyhim。"
　　ThewonderfulpowerofgentilityinEnglandisexemplifiedinnothingmorethaninwhatitisproducingamongstJews，Gypsies，andQuakers。Itisbreakinguptheirvenerablecommunities。Allthebetter，someonewillsay。Alas！alas！
　　ItismakingthewealthyJewsforsakethesynagoguefortheopera—house，orthegentilitychapel，inwhichadiscipleofMr。Platitude，inawhitesurplice，preachesasermonatnoon—dayfromadesk，oneachsideofwhichisaflamingtaper。Itismakingthemabandontheirancientliterature，their"Mischna，"their"Gemara，"their"Zohar，"forgentilitynovels，"TheYoungDuke，"themostunexceptionablygenteelbookeverwritten，beingtheprincipalfavourite。ItmakestheyoungJewashamedoftheyoungJewess，itmakesherashamedoftheyoungJew。TheyoungJewmarriesanopera—
　　dancer，orifthedancerwillnothavehim，asisfrequentlythecase，thecast—offMissoftheHonourableSpencerSo—and—
　　so。ItmakestheyoungJewessacceptthehonourableofferofacashieredlieutenantoftheBengalNativeInfantry；or，ifsuchapersondoesnotcomeforward，thedishonourableofferofacornetofaregimentofcrackhussars。ItmakespoorJews，maleandfemale，forsakethesynagogueforthesixpennytheatreorpennyhop；theJewtotakeupwithanIrishfemaleofloosecharacter，andtheJewesswithamusicianoftheGuards，ortheTipperaryservantofCaptainMulligan。Withrespecttothegypsies，itismakingthewomenwhattheyneverwerebefore—harlots；andthemenwhattheyneverwerebefore—carelessfathersandhusbands。IthasmadethedaughterofUrsulathechastetakeupwiththebasedrummerofawild—beastshow。ItmakesGorgikoBrown，thegypsyman，leavehistentandhisoldwife，ofanevening，andthrusthimselfintosocietywhichcouldwelldispensewithhim。
　　"Brother，"saidMr。PetulengrototheRomanyRye，aftertellinghimmanythingsconnectedwiththedecadenceofgypsyism，"thereisoneGorgikoBrown，who，withafaceasblackasatea—kettle，wishestobemistakenforaChristiantradesman；hegoesintotheparlourofathird—rateinnofanevening，callsforrumandwater，andattemptstoenterintoconversationwiththecompanyaboutpoliticsandbusiness；
　　thecompanyflouthimandgivehimthecoldshoulder，orperhapscomplaintothelandlord，whocomesandaskshimwhatbusinesshehasintheparlour，tellinghimifhewantstodrinktogointothetap—room，andperhapscollarshimandkickshimout，providedherefusestomove。"WithrespecttotheQuakers，itmakestheyoungpeopleliketheyoungJews，crazyaftergentilitydiversions，worship，marriages，orconnections，andmakesoldPeasedowhatitmakesGorgikoBrowndo，thrusthimselfintosocietywhichcouldwelldispensewithhim，andoutofwhichheisnotkicked，becauseunlikethegypsyheisnotpoor。Thewriterwouldsaymuchmoreonthesepoints，butwantofroompreventshim；hemustthereforerequestthereadertohavepatienceuntilhecanlaybeforetheworldapamphlet，whichhehasbeenlongmeditating，tobeentitled"RemarksonthestrikinglysimilarEffectswhichaLoveforGentilityhasproduced，andisproducing，amongstJews，Gypsies，andQuakers。"
　　ThePriestinthebookhasmuchtosayonthesubjectofthisgentility—nonsense；nopersoncanpossiblydespiseitmorethoroughlythanthatveryremarkableindividualseemstodo，yethehailsitsprevalencewithpleasure，knowingthebenefitswhichwillresultfromittothechurchofwhichheisthesneeringslave。"TheEnglisharemadaftergentility，"sayshe；"well，allthebetterforus；theirreligionforalongtimepasthasbeenaplainandsimpleone，andconsequentlybynomeansgenteel；they’llquititforours，whichistheperfectionofwhattheyadmire；withwhichTemplars，Hospitalers，mitredabbots，Gothicabbeys，long—drawnaisles，goldencensers，incense，etcetera，areconnected；nothing，ornexttonothing，ofChrist，itistrue，butweighedinthebalanceagainstgentility，wherewillChristianitybe？why，kickingagainstthebeam—ho！
　　ho！"Andinconnectionwiththegentility—nonsense，heexpatiateslargely，andwithmuchcontempt，onaspeciesofliteraturebywhichtheinterestsofhischurchinEnglandhavebeenverymuchadvanced—allgenuinepriestshaveathoroughcontemptforeverythingwhichtendstoadvancetheinterestsoftheirchurch—thisliteratureismadeupofpseudoJacobitism，Charlieo’erthewaterism，ornonsenseaboutCharlieo’erthewater。Andthewriterwillnowtakethelibertyofsayingafewwordsaboutitonhisownaccount。
　　CHAPTERVI
　　OnScotchGentility—Nonsense—Charlieo’ertheWaterism。
　　OFtheliteraturejustalludedtoScottwastheinventor。ItisfoundedonthefortunesandmisfortunesoftheStuartfamily，ofwhichScottwasthezealousdefenderandapologist，doingallthatinhispowerlaytorepresentthemembersofitasnoble，chivalrous，high—minded，unfortunateprinces；though，perhaps，ofalltheroyalfamiliesthateverexistedupontheearth，thisfamilywastheworst。Itwasunfortunateenough，itistrue；butitoweditsmisfortunesentirelytoitscrimes，viciousness，badfaith，andcowardice。NothingwillbesaidofithereuntilitmadeitsappearanceinEnglandtooccupytheEnglishthrone。
　　Thefirstofthefamilywhichwehavetodowith，James，wasadirty，cowardlymiscreant，ofwhomthelesssaidthebetter。Hisson，CharlestheFirst，wasatyrant—
　　exceedinglycruelandrevengeful，butweakanddastardly；hecausedapoorfellowtobehangedinLondon，whowasnothissubject，becausehehadheardthattheunfortunatecreaturehadoncebittenhisowngloveatCadiz，inSpain，atthementionofhisname；andhepermittedhisownbull—dog，Strafford，tobeexecutedbyhisownenemies，thoughtheonlycrimeofStraffordwas，thathehadbarkedfuriouslyatthoseenemies，andhadworriedtwoorthreeofthem，whenCharlesshouted，"Fetch’em。"Hewasabitter，butyetadespicableenemy，andthecoldestandmostworthlessoffriends；forthoughhealwayshopedtobeable，sometimeorother，tohanghisenemies，hewasalwaysreadytocurryfavourwiththem，moreespeciallyifhecoulddosoattheexpenseofhisfriends。Hewasthehaughtiest，yetmeanestofmankind。Heoncecanedayoungnoblemanforappearingbeforehiminthedrawing—roomnotdressedexactlyaccordingtothecourtetiquette；yethecondescendedtoflatterandcomplimenthimwho，fromprinciple，washisbitterestenemy，namely，Harrison，whentherepublicancolonelwasconductinghimasaprisonertoLondon。Hisbadfaithwasnotorious；itwasfromabhorrenceofthefirstpublicinstancewhichhegaveofhisbadfaith，hisbreakinghiswordtotheInfantaofSpain，thatthepoorHiberno—SpaniardbithisgloveatCadiz；anditwashisnotoriousbadfaithwhicheventuallycosthimhishead；fortheRepublicanswouldgladlyhavesparedhim，providedtheycouldputtheslightestconfidenceinanypromise，howeversolemn，whichhemighthavemadetothem。