[Aquotationfromanotherletter（1846）toFitz—Roymaybeworthgiving，asshowingmyfather’saffectionateremembranceofhisoldCaptain。
"Farewell，dearFitz—Roy，Ioftenthinkofyourmanyactsofkindnesstome，andnotseldomestonthetime，nodoubtquiteforgottenbyyou，when，beforemakingMadeira，youcameandarrangedmyhammockwithyourownhands，andwhich，asIafterwardsheard，broughttearsintomyfather’seyes。"]
CHARLESDARWINTOW。D。FOX。
[Down，September5，1843。]
Mondaymorning。
MydearFox，WhenIsentofftheglacierpaper，Iwasjustgoingoutandsohadnotimetowrite。Ihopeyourfriendwillenjoy（andIwishyouweregoingtherewithhim）histourasmuchasIdid。Itwasakindofgeologicalnovel。
Butyourfriendmusthavepatience，forhewillnotgetagoodGLACIALEYE
forafewdays。MurchisonandCountKeyserlingRUSHEDthroughNorthWalesthesameautumnandcouldseenothingexcepttheeffectsofraintricklingovertherocks！Icross—examinedMurchisonalittle，andevidentlysawhehadlookedcarefullyatnothing。IfeelCERTAINabouttheglacier—effectsinNorthWales。Getupyoursteam，ifthisweatherlasts，andhavearambleinWales;itsgloriousscenerymustdoeveryone’sheartandbodygood。IwishIhadenergytocometoDelamereandgowithyou;butasyouobserve，youmightaswellaskSt。Paul’s。WheneverIgivemyselfatrip，itshallbe，Ithink，toScotland，tohuntformoreparallelroads。MymarinetheoryfortheseroadswasforatimeknockedontheheadbyAgassizice—work，butitisnowrevivingagain……
Farewell，——wearegettingnearlyfinished——almostalltheworkmengone，andthegravellayingdownonthewalks。AveMaria！howthemoneydoesgo。
TherearetwiceasmanytemptationstoextravaganceinthecountrycomparedwithLondon。Adios。
Yours，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
Down[1844？]……Ihavealsoreadthe’Vestiges，’（’TheVestigesoftheNaturalHistoryofCreation’waspublishedanonymouslyin1844，andisconfidentlybelievedtohavebeenwrittenbythelateRobertChambers。Myfather’scopygivessignsofhavingbeencarefullyread，alonglistofmarkedpassagesbeingpinnedinattheend。Oneusefullessonheseemstohavelearnedfromit。
Hewrites:"Theideaofafishpassingintoareptile，monstrous。Iwillnotspecifyanygenealogies——muchtoolittleknownatpresent。"HerefersagaintothebookinalettertoFox，February，1845:"Haveyoureadthatstrange，unphilosophicalbutcapitally—writtenbook，the’Vestiges’:ithasmademoretalkthananyworkoflate，andhasbeenbysomeattributedtome——atwhichIoughttobemuchflatteredandunflattered。"），buthavebeensomewhatlessamusedatitthanyouappeartohavebeen:thewritingandarrangementarecertainlyadmirable，buthisgeologystrikesmeasbad，andhiszoologyfarworse。Ishouldbeverymuchobliged，ifatanyfutureorleisuretimeyoucouldtellmeonwhatyougroundyourdoubtfulbeliefinimaginationofamotheraffectingheroffspring。（ThisreferstothecaseofarelativeofSirJ。Hooker’s，whoinsistedthatamole，whichappearedononeofherchildren，wastheeffectoffrightuponherselfonhaving，beforethebirthofthechild，blottedwithsepiaacopyofTurner’s’LiberStudiorum’thathadbeenlenttoherwithspecialinjunctionstobecareful。）Ihaveattendedtotheseveralstatementsscatteredabout，butdonotbelieveinmorethanaccidentalcoincidences。
W。Huntertoldmyfather，theninalying—inhospital，thatinmanythousandcases，hehadaskedthemother，BEFOREHERCONFINEMENT，whetheranythinghadaffectedherimagination，andrecordedtheanswers;andabsolutelynotonecasecameright，though，whenthechildwasanythingremarkable，theyafterwardsmadethecaptofit。Reproductionseemsgovernedbysuchsimilarlawsinthewholeanimalkingdom，thatIammostloth[tobelieve]……
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。M。HERBERT。
Down[1844or1845]。
MydearHerbert，Iwasverygladtoseeyourhandwritingandhearabitofnewsaboutyou。
Thoughyoucannotcomeherethisautumn，IdohopeyouandMrs。Herbertwillcomeinthewinter，andwewillhavelotsoftalkofoldtimes，andlotsofBeethoven。
Ihavelittleorrathernothingtosayaboutmyself;welivelikeclock—
work，andinwhatmostpeoplewouldconsiderthedullestpossiblemanner。
Ihaveoflatebeenslavingextrahard，tothegreatdiscomfitureofwretcheddigestiveorgans，atSouthAmerica，andthankallthefates，I
havedonethree—fourthsofit。WritingplainEnglishgrowswithmemoreandmoredifficult，andneverattainable。Asforyourpretendingthatyouwillreadanythingsodullasmypuregeologicaldescriptions，laynotsuchaflatteringunctiononmysoul（OnthesamesubjecthewrotetoFitz—Roy:
"Ihavesentmy’SouthAmericanGeology’toDoverStreet，andyouwillgetit，nodoubt，inthecourseoftime。Youdonotknowwhatyouthreatenwhenyouproposetoreadit——itispurelygeological。Isaidtomybrother，’Youwillofcoursereadit，’andhisanswerwas，’Uponmylife，I
wouldsoonerevenbuyit。’"）foritisincredible。Ihavelongdiscoveredthatgeologistsneverreadeachother’sworks，andthattheonlyobjectinwritingabookisaproofofearnestness，andthatyoudonotformyouropinionswithoutundergoinglabourofsomekind。Geologyisatpresentveryoral，andwhatIheresayistoagreatextentquitetrue。ButIamgivingyouadiscussionaslongasachapterintheodiousbookitself。
IhavelatelybeentoShrewsbury，andfoundmyfathersurprisinglywellandcheerful。
Believeme，mydearoldfriend，everyours，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
Down，Monday[February10th，1845]。
MydearHooker，Iammuchobligedforyourveryagreeableletter;itwasverygood—natured，inthemidstofyourscientificandtheatricaldissipation，tothinkofwritingsolongalettertome。Iamastonishedatyournews，andImustcondolewithyouinyourPRESENTviewoftheProfessorship（SirJ。D。HookerwasacandidatefortheProfessorshipofBotanyatEdinburghUniversity。），andmostheartilydeploreitonmyownaccount。Thereissomethingsochillinginaseparationofsomanyhundredmiles，thoughwedidnotseemuchofeachotherwhennearer。YouwillhardlybelievehowdeeplyI
regretforMYSELFyourpresentprospects。Ihadlookedforwardto[our]
seeingmuchofeachotherduringourlives。Itisaheavydisappointment;
andinamereselfishpointofview，asaidingmeinmywork，yourlossisindeedirreparable。But，ontheotherhand，Icannotdoubtthatyoutakeatpresentadesponding，insteadofbright，viewofyourprospects:surelytherearegreatadvantages，aswellasdisadvantages。Theplaceisoneofeminence;andreallyitappearstometherearesomanyindifferentworkers，andsofewreaders，thatitisahighadvantage，inapurelyscientificpointofview，foragoodworkertoholdapositionwhichleadsotherstoattendtohiswork。IforgetwhetheryouattendedEdinburgh，asastudent，butinmytimetherewasaknotofmenwhowerefarfrombeingtheindifferentanddulllistenerswhichyouexpectforyouraudience。
ReflectwhatasatisfactionandhonouritwouldbetoMAKEagoodbotanist——withyourdispositionyouwillbetomanywhatHenslowwasatCambridgetomeandothers，amostkindfriendandguide。Thenwhatafinegarden，andhowgoodaPublicLibrary！why，ForbesalwaysregretstheadvantagesofEdinburghforwork:thinkoftheinestimableadvantageofgettingwithinashortwalkofthosenoblerocksandhillsandsandyshoresnearEdinburgh！
Indeed，Icannotpityyoumuch，thoughIpitymyselfexceedinglyinyourloss。Surelylecturingwill，inayearortwo，withyourGREATcapacityforwork（whateveryoumaybepleasedtosaytothecontrary）becomeeasy，andyouwillhaveafairtimeforyourAntarcticFloraandgeneralviewsofdistribution。IfIthoughtyourProfessorshipwouldstopyourwork，I
shouldwishitandallthegoodworldlyconsequencesatelDiavolo。IknowIshalllivetoseeyouthefirstauthorityinEuropeonthatgrandsubject，thatalmostkeystoneofthelawsofcreation，GeographicalDistribution。Well，thereisonecomfort，youwillbeatKew，nodoubt，everyyear，soIshallfinishbyforcingdownyourthroatmysincerecongratulations。Thanksforallyournews。IgrievetohearHumboldtisfailing;onecannothelpfeeling，thoughunrightly，thatsuchanendishumiliating:evenwhenIsawhimhetalkedbeyondallreason。Ifyouseehimagain，praygivehimmymostrespectfulandkindcompliments，andsaythatIneverforgetthatmywholecourseoflifeisduetohavingreadandre—readasayouthhis’PersonalNarrative。’Howtrueandpleasingareallyourremarksonhiskindness;thinkhowmanyopportunitiesyouwillhave，inyournewplace，ofbeingaHumboldttoothers。AskhimabouttheriverinN。E。Europe，withtheFloraverydifferentonitsoppositebanks。I
havegotandreadyourWilkes;whatafeeblebookinmatterandstyle，andhowsplendidlygotup！DowritemealinefromBerlin。Alsothanksfortheproof—sheets。Idonot，however，meanproofplates;Ivaluethem，assavingmecopyingextracts。Farewell，mydearHooker，withaheavyheartI
wishyoujoyofyourprospects。
Yoursincerefriend，C。DARWIN。
[Thesecondeditionofthe’Journal，’towhichthefollowingletterrefers，wascompletedbetweenApril25thandAugust25th。ItwaspublishedbyMr。
Murrayinthe’ColonialandHomeLibrary，’andinthismoreaccessibleformsoonhadalargesale。
UptothetimeofhisfirstnegotiationswithMr。Murrayforitspublicationinthisform，hehadreceivedpaymentonlyintheformofalargenumberofpresentationcopies，andheseemstohavebeengladtosellthecopyrightofthesecondeditiontoMr。Murrayfor150pounds。
Thepointsofdifferencebetweenitandthefirsteditionareofinterestchieflyinconnectionwiththegrowthoftheauthor’sviewsonevolution，andwillbeconsideredlater。]
CHARLESDARWINTOC。LYELL。
Down[July，1845]。
MydearLyell，Isendyouthefirstpart（Nodoubtproof—sheets。）ofthenewedition[ofthe’JournalofResearches’]，whichIsoentirelyowetoyou。YouwillseethatIhaveventuredtodedicateittoyou（Thededicationofthesecondeditionofthe’JournalofResearches，’isasfollows:——"ToCharlesLyell，Esq。，F。R。S。，thissecondeditionisdedicatedwithgratefulpleasure——asanacknowledgmentthatthechiefpartofwhateverscientificmeritthisJournalandtheotherworksoftheAuthormaypossess，hasbeenderivedfromstudyingthewell—knownandadmirable’PrinciplesofGeology。’"），andItrustthatthiscannotbedisagreeable。Ihavelongwished，notsomuchforyoursake，asformyownfeelingsofhonesty，toacknowledgemoreplainlythanbymerereference，howmuchIgeologicallyoweyou。Thoseauthors，however，wholikeyou，educatepeople’smindsaswellasteachthemspecialfacts，cannever，Ishouldthink，havefulljusticedonethemexceptbyposterity，forthemindthusinsensiblyimprovedcanhardlyperceiveitsownupwardascent。IhadintendedputtinginthepresentacknowledgmentinthethirdpartofmyGeology，butitssaleissoexceedinglysmallthatIshouldnothavehadthesatisfactionofthinkingthatasfaraslayinmypowerIhadowned，thoughimperfectly，mydebt。
PraydonotthinkthatIamsosilly，astosupposethatmydedicationcananywaysgratifyyou，exceptsofarasItrustyouwillreceiveit，asamostsinceremarkofmygratitudeandfriendship。IthinkIhaveimprovedthisedition，especiallythesecondpart，whichIhavejustfinished。I
haveaddedagooddealabouttheFuegians，andcutdownintohalfthemercilesslylongdiscussiononclimateandglaciers，etc。Idonotrecollectanythingaddedtothefirstpart，longenoughtocallyourattentionto;thereisapageofdescriptionofaverycuriousbreedofoxeninBandaOriental。Ishouldlikeyoutoreadthefewlastpages;
thereisalittlediscussiononextinction，whichwillnotperhapsstrikeyouasnew，thoughithassostruckme，andhasplacedinmymindallthedifficultieswithrespecttothecausesofextinction，inthesameclasswithotherdifficultieswhicharegenerallyquiteoverlookedandundervaluedbynaturalists;Iought，however，tohavemademydiscussionlongerandshewnbyfacts，asIeasilycould，howsteadilyeveryspeciesmustbecheckedinitsnumbers。
IreceivedyourTravels（’TravelsinNorthAmerica，’2volumes，1845。）
yesterday;andIlikeexceedinglyitsexternalandinternalappearance;I
readonlyaboutadozenpageslastnight（forIwastiredwithhay—making），butIsawquiteenoughtoperceivehowVERYmuchitwillinterestme，andhowmanypassageswillbescored。IampleasedtofindagoodsprinklingofNaturalHistory;Ishallbeastonishedifitdoesnotsellverylargely……
HowsorryIamtothinkthatweshallnotseeyouhereagainforsolong;I
wishyoumayknockyourselfalittlebitupbeforeyoustartandrequireaday’sfreshair，beforetheoceanbreezesblowonyou……
Everyours，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOC。LYELL。
Down，Saturday[August1st，1845]。
MydearLyell，Ihavebeenwishingtowritetoyouforaweekpast，buteveryfiveminutes’worthofstrengthhasbeenexpendedingettingoutmysecondpart。
（Ofthesecondeditionofthe’JournalofResearches。’）YournotepleasedmeagooddealmoreIdaresaythanmydedicationdidyou，andIthankyoumuchforit。Yourworkhasinterestedmemuch，andIwillgiveyoumyimpressions，though，asIneverthoughtyouwouldcaretohearwhatI
thoughtofthenon—scientificparts，Imadenonotes，nortookpainstorememberanyparticularimpressionoftwo—thirdsofthefirstvolume。ThefirstimpressionIshouldsaywouldbewithmost（thoughIhaveliterallyseennotonesoulsincereadingit）regretattherenotbeingmoreofthenon—scientific[parts]。Iamnotagoodjudge，forIhavereadnothing，i。e。non—scientificaboutNorthAmerica，butthewholestruckmeasverynew，fresh，andinteresting。Yourdiscussionsboretomymindtheevidentstampofmaturedthought，andofconclusionsdrawnfromfactsobservedbyyourself，andnotfromtheopinionsofthepeoplewhomyoumet;andthisI
suspectiscomparativelyrare。
Yourslavediscussiondisturbedmemuch;butasyouwouldcarenomoreformyopiniononthisheadthanfortheashesofthisletter，Iwillsaynothingexceptthatitgavemesomesleepless，mostuncomfortablehours。
YouraccountofthereligiousstateoftheStatesparticularlyinterestedme;IamsurprisedthroughoutatyourveryproperboldnessagainsttheClergy。InyourUniversitychaptertheClergy，andnottheStateofEducation，aremostseverelyandjustlyhandled，andthisIthinkisverybold，forIconceiveyoumightcrushaleaden—headedoldDon，asaDon，withmoresafety，thantouchthefingerofthatCorporateAnimal，theClergy。WhatacontrastinEducationdoesEnglandshowitself！Yourapology（usingtheterm，liketheoldreligionistswhomeantanythingbutanapology）forlectures，struckmeasveryclever;butalltheargumentsintheworldonyourside，arenotequaltoonecourseofJamieson’sLecturesontheotherside，whichIformerlyformysinsexperienced。
AlthoughIhadreadaboutthe’CoalfieldsinNorthAmerica，’Ineverinthesmallestdegreereallycomprehendedtheirarea，theirthicknessandfavourableposition;nothinghardlyastoundedmemoreinyourbook。
Somefewpartsstruckmeasratherheterogeneous，butIdonotknowwhethertoanextentthatatallsignified。Imissedhowever，agooddeal，somegeneralheadingtothechapters，suchasthetwoorthreeprincipalplacesvisited。Onehasnorighttoexpectanauthortowritedowntothezeroofgeographicalignoranceofthereader;butInotknowingasingleplace，wasoccasionallyratherplaguedintracingyourcourse。Sometimesinthebeginningofachapter，inoneparagraphyourcoursewastracedthroughahalfdozenplaces;anyone，asignorantasmyself，ifhecouldbefound，wouldprefersuchadisturbingparagraphleftout。Icutyourmaploose，andIfoundthatagreatcomfort;Icouldnotfollowyourengravedtrack。
Ithinkinasecondedition，interspaceshereandthereofonelineopen，wouldbeanimprovement。Bytheway，ItakecredittomyselfingivingmyJournalalessscientificairinhavingprintedallnamesofspeciesandgenerainRomans;theprintinglooks，also，better。Alltheillustrationsstrikemeascapital，andthemapisanadmirablevolumeinitself。Ifyour’Principles’hadnotmetwithsuchuniversaladmiration，Ishouldhavefearedtherewouldhavebeentoomuchgeologyinthisforthegeneralreader;certainlyallthatthemostclearandlightstylecoulddo，hasbeendone。Tomyselfthegeologywasanexcellent，well—condensed，well—
digestedresumeofallthathasbeenmadeoutinNorthAmerica，andeverygeologistoughttobegratefultoyou。ThesummingupoftheNiagarachapterappearedtomethegrandestpart;IwasalsodeeplyinterestedbyyourdiscussionontheoriginoftheSilurianformations。IhavemadescoresofSCORESmarkingpassageshereafterusefultome。
Allthecoaltheoryappearedtomeverygood;butitisnousegoingonenumeratinginthismanner。IwishtherehadbeenmoreNaturalHistory;I
likedALLthescatteredfragments。Ihavenowgivenyouanexacttranscriptofmythoughts，buttheyarehardlyworthyourreading……
CHARLESDARWINTOC。LYELL。
Down，August25th[1845]。
MydearLyell，ThisisliterallythefirstdayonwhichIhavehadanytimetospare;andIwillamusemyselfbybeginningalettertoyou……
IwasdelightedwithyourletterinwhichyoutouchonSlavery;Iwishthesamefeelingshadbeenapparentinyourpublisheddiscussion。ButIwillnotwriteonthissubject，Ishouldperhapsannoyyou，andmostcertainlymyself。IhaveexhaledmyselfwithaparagraphortwoinmyJournalonthesinofBrazilianslavery;youperhapswillthinkthatitisinanswertoyou;butsuchisnotthecase。IhaveremarkedonnothingwhichIdidnothearonthecoastofSouthAmerica。Myfewsentences，however，aremerelyanexplosionoffeeling。Howcouldyourelatesoplacidlythatatrocioussentiment（Inthepassagereferredto，Lyelldoesnotgivehisownviews，butthoseofaplanter。）aboutseparatingchildrenfromtheirparents;andinthenextpagespeakofbeingdistressedatthewhitesnothavingprospered;Iassureyouthecontrastmademeexclaimout。ButIhavebrokenmyintention，andsonomoreonthisodiousdeadlysubject。
Thereisafavourable，butnotstrongenoughreviewonyou，inthe"Gardeners’Chronicle"。IamsorrytoseethatLindleyabidesbythecarbonicacidgastheory。Bytheway，IwasmuchpleasedbyLindleypickingoutmyextinctionparagraphsandgivingthemuncurtailed。Tomymind，puttingthecomparativerarityofexistingspeciesinthesamecategorywithextinctionhasremovedagreatweight;thoughofcourseitdoesnotexplainanything，itshowsthatuntilwecanexplaincomparativerarity，weoughtnottofeelanysurpriseatnotexplainingextinction……
Iammuchpleasedtohearofthecallforaneweditionofthe’Principles’:whatgloriousgoodthatworkhasdone。Ifearthistimeyouwillnotbeamongsttheoldrocks;howIshallrejoicetolivetoseeyoupublishanddiscoveranotherstagebelowtheSilurian——itwouldbethegrandeststeppossible，Ithink。IamverygladtohearwhatprogressBunburyismakinginfossilBotany;thereisafinehiatusforhimtofillupinthiscountry。Iwillcertainlycallonhimthiswinter……FromwhatlittleIsawofhim，Icanquitebelieveeverythingwhichyousayofhistalents……
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
Shrewsbury[1845？]。
MydearHooker，Ihavejustreceivedyournote，whichhasastonishedme，andhasmosttrulygrievedme。Ineverforoneminutedoubtedofyoursuccess，forImosterroneouslyimagined，thatmeritwassuretogaintheday。Ifeelmostsurethatthedaywillcomesoon，whenthosewhohavevotedagainstyou，iftheyhaveanyshameorconscienceinthem，willbeashamedathavingallowedpoliticstoblindtheireyestoyourqualifications，andthosequalificationsvouchedforbyHumboldtandBrown！Well，thosetestimonialsmustbeaconsolationtoyou。Prohpudor！Iamvexedandindignantbyturns。IcannoteventakecomfortinthinkingthatIshallseemoreofyou，andextractmoreknowledgefromyourwell—arrangedstock。Iampleasedtothink，thatafterhavingreadafewofyourletters，IneveroncedoubtedthepositionyouwillultimatelyholdamongstEuropeanBotanists。Icanthinkaboutnothingelse，otherwiseIshouldlike[to]
discuss’Cosmos’（AtranslationofHumboldt’s’Kosmos。’）withyou。ItrustyouwillpaymeandmywifeavisitthisautumnatDown。IshallbeatDownonthe24th，andtillthenmovingabout。
MydearHooker，allowmetocallmyselfYourverytruefriend，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOC。LYELL。
October8th[1845]，Shrewsbury……IhavelatelybeentakingalittletourtoseeafarmIhavepurchasedinLincolnshire（HespeaksofhisLincolnshirefarminalettertoHenslow（July4th）:——"IhaveboughtafarminLincolnshire，andwhenIgotherethisautumn，ImeantoseewhatIcandoinprovidinganycottageonmysmallestatewithgardens。Itisahopelessthingtolookto，butI
believefewthingswoulddothiscountrymoregoodinfutureagesthanthedestructionofprimogeniture，soastolessenthedifferenceinland—
wealth，andmakemoresmallfreeholders。Howatrociouslyunjustarethestamplaws，whichrenderitsoexpensiveforthepoormantobuyhisquarterofanacre;itmakesone’sbloodburnwithindignation。"）andthentoYork，whereIvisitedtheDeanofManchester（Hon。andRev。W。Herbert。
ThevisitismentionedinalettertoDr。Hooker:——"Ihavebeentakingalittletour，partlyonbusiness，andvisitedtheDeanofManchester，andhadverymuchinterestingtalkwithhimonhybrids，sterility，andvariation，etc。，etc。Heisfullofself—gainedknowledge，butknowssurprisinglylittlewhatothershavedoneonthesamesubjects。Heisveryheterodoxon’species’:notmuchbetterasmostnaturalistswouldesteemit，thanpoorMr。Vestiges。"）thegreatmakerofHybrids，whogavememuchcuriousinformation。IalsovisitedWatertonatWaltonHall，andwasextremelyamusedwithmyvisitthere。Heisanamusingstrangefellow;atourearlydinner，ourpartyconsistedoftwoCatholicpriestsandtwoMulattresses！Heispastsixtyyearsold，andthedaybeforerandownandcaughtaleveretinaturnip—field。Itisafineoldhouse，andthelakeswarmswithwater—fowl。IthensawChatsworth，andwasintransportwiththegreathothouse;itisaperfectfragmentofatropicalforest，andthesightmademethinkwithdelightofoldrecollections。Mylittleten—daytourmademefeelwonderfullystrongatthetime，butthegoodeffectsdidnotlast。Mywife，Iamsorrytosay，doesnotgetverystrong，andthechildrenarethehopeofthefamily，fortheyareallhappy，life，andspirits。IhavebeenmuchinterestedwithSedgwick’sreview（Sedgwick’sreviewofthe’VestigesofCreation’inthe’EdinburghReview，’July，1845。）thoughIfinditfarfrompopularwithourscientificreaders。I
thinksomefewpassagessavourofthedogmatismofthepulpit，ratherthanofthephilosophyoftheProfessor’sChair;andsomeofthewitstrikesmeasonlyworthyof——inthe’Quarterly。’Nevertheless，itisagrandpieceofargumentagainstmutabilityofspecies，andIreaditwithfearandtrembling，butwaswellpleasedtofindthatIhadnotoverlookedanyofthearguments，thoughIhadputthemtomyselfasfeeblyasmilkandwater。
Haveyouread’Cosmos’yet？TheEnglishtranslationiswretched，andthesemi—metaphysico—politicodescriptionsinthefirstpartarebarelyintelligible;butIthinkthevolcanicdiscussionwellworthyourattention，ithasastonishedmebyitsvigourandinformation。IgrievetofindHumboldtanadorerofVonBuch，withhisclassificationofvolcanos，cratersofelevation，etc。，etc。，andcarbonicacidgasatmosphere。Heisindeedawonderfulman。
IhopetogethomeinafortnightandsticktomywearyfulSouthAmericatillIfinishit。IshallbeveryanxioustohearhowyougetonfromtheHorners，butyoumustnotthinkofwastingyourtimebywritingtome。Weshallmiss，indeed，yourvisitstoDown，andIshallfeelalostmaninLondonwithoutmymorning"houseofcall"atHartStreet……
Believeme，mydearLyell，everyours，C。DARWIN。
CHARLESDARWINTOJ。D。HOOKER。
Down，Farnborough，Kent。
Thursday，September，1846。
MydearHooker，IhopethisletterwillcatchyouatClifton，butIhavebeenpreventedwritingbybeingunwell，andhavinghadtheHornershereasvisitors，which，withmyabominablepress—work，hasfullyoccupiedmytime。Itis，indeed，alongtimesincewewrotetoeachother;though，Ibegtotellyou，thatIwrotelast，butwhataboutIcannotremember，except，Iknow，itwasafterreadingyourlastnumbers（SirJ。D。Hooker’sAntarcticBotany。），andIsendyouauniquelylaudatoryepistle，consideringitwasfromamanwhohardlyknowsaDaisyfromaDandeliontoaprofessedBotanist……
Icannotrememberwhatpapershavegivenmetheimpression，butIhavethat，whichyoustatetobethecase，firmlyfixedonmymind，namely，thelittlechemicalimportanceofthesoiltoitsvegetation。Whatastrongfactitis，asR。Brownonceremarkedtome，ofcertainplantsbeingcalcareousoneshere，whicharenotsounderamorefavourableclimateontheContinent，orthereverse，forIforgetwhich;butyou，nodoubt，willknowtowhatIrefer。By—the—way，therearesomesuchcasesinHerbert’spaperinthe’HorticulturalJournal。’（’JournaloftheHorticulturalSociety，’1846。）Haveyoureadit:itstruckmeasextremelyoriginal，andbearsDIRECTLYonyourpresentresearches。（SirJ。D。Hookerwasatthistimeattendingtopolymorphism，variability，etc。）ToaNON—BOTANIST
thechalkhasthemostpeculiaraspectofanyflorainEngland;whywillyounotcomeheretomakeyourobservations？WEgotoSouthampton，ifmycourageandstomachdonotfail，fortheBrit。Assoc。（Doyounotconsiderityourdutytobethere？）AndwhycannotyoucomehereafterwardandWORK？……
THEMONOGRAPHOFTHECIRRIPEDIA，October1846toOctober1854。
[WritingtoSirJ。D。Hookerin1845，myfathersays:"IhopethisnextsummertofinishmySouthAmericanGeology，thentogetoutalittleZoology，andhurrahformyspecieswork……"ThispassageservestoshowthathehadatthistimenointentionofmakinganexhaustivestudyoftheCirripedes。Indeeditwouldseemthathisoriginalintentionwas，asI
learnfromSirJ。D。Hooker，merelytoworkoutonespecialproblem。ThisisquiteinkeepingwiththefollowingpassageintheAutobiography:"WhenonthecoastofChile，Ifoundamostcuriousform，whichburrowedintotheshellsofConcholepas，andwhichdifferedsomuchfromallotherCirripedesthatIhadtoformanewsub—orderforitssolereception……TounderstandthestructureofmynewCirripedeIhadtoexamineanddissectmanyofthecommonforms;andthisgraduallyledmeontotakeupthewholegroup。"Inlateryearsheseemstohavefeltsomedoubtastothevalueoftheseeightyearsofwork，——forinstancewhenhewroteinhisAutobiography——"Myworkwasofconsiderableusetome，whenIhadtodiscussinthe’OriginofSpecies，’theprinciplesofanaturalclassification。NeverthelessIdoubtwhethertheworkwasworththeconsumptionofsomuchtime。"YetIlearnfromSirJ。D。Hookerthathecertainlyrecognisedatthetimeitsvaluetohimselfassystematictraining。SirJosephwritestome:"Yourfatherrecognisedthreestagesinhiscareerasabiologist:themerecollectoratCambridge;thecollectorandobserverinthe"Beagle"，andforsomeyearsafterwards;andthetrainednaturalistafter，andonlyaftertheCirripedework。Thathewasathinkerallalongistrueenough，andthereisavastdealinhiswritingsprevioustotheCirripedesthatatrainednaturalistcouldbutemulate……Heoftenalludedtoitasavalueddiscipline，andaddedthateventhe’hateful’workofdiggingoutsynonyms，andofdescribing，notonlyimprovedhismethodsbutopenedhiseyestothedifficultiesandmeritsoftheworksofthedullestofcataloguers。Oneresultwasthathewouldneverallowadepreciatoryremarktopassunchallengedonthepoorestclassofscientificworkers，providedthattheirworkwashonest，andgoodofitskind。Ihavealwaysregardeditasoneofthefinesttraitsofhischaracter，——thisgenerousappreciationofthehod—menofscience，andoftheirlabours……anditwasmonographingtheBarnaclesthatbroughtitabout。"
ProfessorHuxleyallowsmetoquotehisopinionastothevalueoftheeightyearsgiventotheCirripedes:——
"InmyopinionyoursagaciousfatherneverdidawiserthingthanwhenhedevotedhimselftotheyearsofpatienttoilwhichtheCirripede—bookcosthim。
"Liketherestofus，hehadnopropertraininginbiologicalscience，andithasalwaysstruckmeasaremarkableinstanceofhisscientificinsight，thathesawthenecessityofgivinghimselfsuchtraining，andofhiscourage，thathedidnotshirkthelabourofobtainingit。
"Thegreatdangerwhichbesetsallmenoflargespeculativefaculty，isthetemptationtodealwiththeacceptedstatementsoffactsinnaturalscience，asiftheywerenotonlycorrect，butexhaustive;asiftheymightbedealtwithdeductively，inthesamewayaspropositionsinEuclidmaybedealtwith。Inreality，everysuchstatement，howevertrueitmaybe，istrueonlyrelativelytothemeansofobservationandthepointofviewofthosewhohaveenunciatedit。Sofaritmaybedependedupon。Butwhetheritwillbeareveryspeculativeconclusionthatmaybelogicallydeducedfromit，isquiteanotherquestion。
"Yourfatherwasbuildingavastsuperstructureuponthefoundationsfurnishedbytherecognisedfactsofgeologicalandbiologicalscience。InPhysicalGeography，inGeologyproper，inGeographicalDistribution，andinPalaeontology，hehadacquiredanextensivepracticaltrainingduringthevoyageofthe"Beagle"。Heknewofhisownknowledgethewayinwhichtherawmaterialsofthesebranchesofscienceareacquired，andwasthereforeamostcompetentjudgeofthespeculativestraintheywouldbear。Thatwhichheneeded，afterhisreturntoEngland，wasacorrespondingacquaintancewithAnatomyandDevelopment，andtheirrelationtoTaxonomy——
andheacquiredthisbyhisCirripedework。
"Thus，inmyapprehension，thevalueoftheCirripedemonographliesnotmerelyinthefactthatitisaveryadmirablepieceofwork，andconstitutedagreatadditiontopositiveknowledge，butstillmoreinthecircumstancethatitwasapieceofcriticalself—discipline，theeffectofwhichmanifesteditselfineverythingyourfatherwroteafterwards，andsavedhimfromendlesserrorsofdetail。
"Sofarfromsuchworkbeingalossoftime，Ibelieveitwouldhavebeenwellworthhiswhile，haditbeenpracticable，tohavesupplementeditbyaspecialstudyofembryologyandphysiology。Hishandswouldhavebeengreatlystrengthenedtherebywhenhecametowriteoutsundrychaptersofthe’OriginofSpecies。’Butofcourseinthosedaysitwasalmostimpossibleforhimtofindfacilitiesforsuchwork。"
NoonecanlookathetwovolumesontherecentCirripedes，of399and684
pagesrespectively（nottospeakofthevolumesonthefossilspecies），withoutbeingstruckbytheimmenseamountofdetailedworkwhichtheycontain。Thefortyplates，someofthemwiththirtyfigures，andthefourteenpagesofindexinthetwovolumestogether，givesomeroughideaofthelabourspentonthework。（ThereaderunacquaintedwithZoologywillfindsomeaccountofthemoreinterestingresultsinMr。Romanes’