Hereconnoitreddiligently；rodeoutreconnoitring"fifteenmilesthefirstday"（July6th），dittothesecondandfollowing；andwasnearlyshotbyCroats，——byonespecificCroat，saysPrussianMythology，supportedbyEngraving。AnoldEngraving，whichIhaveneverseen；representsFriedrichreconnoitringthosefive—and—twentymilesofElbe，whichhavesomanyredoubtsontheirsideofit，andswarmwithCroatpartiesonbothsides:thisisallthetruththatisintheEngraving。[Rodenbeck，p。188。]Factsays:
Friedrich（"onthe8th，"ifthatwereallthevariation）"wasamarkfortheAustriansharpshootersforhalfanhour。"Mythsays，andengravesit，withthedateof"July7th:"Friedrich，skirtingsomethicket，suddenlycameuponasingleCroatwithmusketlevelledathim，wildcreature’sfingerjustonthetrigger；——andquietlyadmonishing，Friedrichliftshisfingerwitha"DU，DU（Ahyou！）；"uponwhich，suchthedivinitythathedgesone，thewildcreatureinstantlyflingsdownhismurder—weapon，and，kneeling，embracestheKing’sboot，——withkisses，foranythingIknow。Itiscertain，Friedrich，aboutsixtimesoverinthispaltryWarorQuasiNo—War，sethisattendantsonthetremble；wasnamely，fromCroateriesandArtilleries，inimminentperiloflife；socarelesswashe，anddangeroustospeaktoinhissourhumor。Humorverysour，theysay，formostpart；beinginrealityaltogetherbackwardandloathforgrandenterprise；andyetstrivingtothinkhewasnot；ashamedthatanyWarofhisshouldbeaNo—War。
Schmettausays:——
"OnthedayofgettingintoJaromirtz[July8th]，theKing，tiredofridingaboutwhiletheColumnswereslowlygettingin，laydownonthegroundwithhisAdjutantsabouthim。AyoungOfficercameridingpast；whomtheKingbeckonedtohim；——wrotesomethingwithpencil（anOrder，notoftheleastimportance），andsaid:’Here；
thatOrdertoGeneralLossow，andtellhimheisnottotakeitillthatItroublehim，asIhavenoneinmySuitethatcandoanything。’"LettheSuitetakeitastheycan！Amostpungent，severeoldKing；quiteperverseattimes，thinksSchmettau。
Thusagain，morethanonce。:——
"OnarrivingwithhisColumnwheretheOfficer，aperfectlyskilfulman，hadmarkedouttheCamp，theKingwouldlifthisspy—glass；
gazetorightandleft，ridingroundtheplaceatperhapsahundredyards’distance；andbegin:’SIEHTER，HERR，Butlook，Herr，whatabotchingyouhavemadeofitagain（WASERDAWIEDERFURDUMMZEUG
GEMACHTHAT）！’andgrumblingandblaming，wouldaltertheCamp，tillitwasalloutofrule；andthensay，’Seethere，thatisthewaytomarkoutCamps。’"[Schmettau，xxv。30，24。]
Inaweek’stime，July13th，cameanotherfineexcuseforinaction；
PlenipotentiaryThugut，namely，andtheKaiserinn’sLetter，whichwespokeof。AutographfromMariaTheresaherself，inspiredbytheterrorofViennaandofherbeautifulmotherlyheart。
Negotiationtobeprivateutterly:"MySon，theKaiser，knowsnothingofit；Ibegthemostabsolutesecrecy；"whichwasaccordinglykept，whileThugut，withFinkensteinandHertzbergagain，held"CongressofBraunau"inthoseneighborhoods，——withaslittleeffectasever。Thugut’sName，itseems，wasoriginallyTUNICOTTO（Tyrolese—Italian）；whichtheignorantViennapeoplechangedinto"THU—NICHT—GUT（Do—no—good），"tillMariaTheresa，inverycharity，struckoutthenegative，andmadehim"Do—good。"
Do—goodandhisCongressheldFriedrichtillAugust10th:fivemoreweeksgone；andnothingbutreconnoitring，——withofcourseforaging，anddiligentlyeatingtheCountry，whichisadailyemployment，andproducesfencingandskirmishingenough。
Henri，intheinterim，hasinvadedfromtheWest；seenLeitmeritz，Lobositz；——PragNobilityallrunning，andIsupposePrayerstoSt。
Titusgoingagain，——andLoudoninalarm。Loudon，however，savedPrag"bytwomasterlypositions"（notmentionablehere）；uponwhichHenritookcampatNiemes；Loudon，theweakerinthispart，seizingtheIserasabulwark，andrankinghimselfbehindit，back—to—backofLacy。HereforaboutfiveweekssatHenri，nothingonhandbuttoeattheCountry。OvertheheadsofLoudonandLacy，asthecrowflies，Henri’sCampmaybeabout70milesfromJaromirtz，wheretheKingis。HussarBelling，ouroldAnti—Swedefriend，abrilliantcuttingman，brokeovertheIseronce，perhapstwice；andtherewasprettyfencingbyhimandthelikeofhim:"butPrinceHenrididnothing，"saystheKing，[OEuvresdeFrederic，vi。154]——was，infact，helpingtheKingtodonothing。
Bythe10thofSeptember，asHenrihascomputed，thisCountrywillbeeaten；"Forage，Ifind，willbequitedonehereonSeptember10th，"writesHenri，afteraweekortwo’sexperience。
TherewasalwaystalkofHenriandtheKing，whoare100，000each，joininghandsbythepostofArnau，orsomeweakpointofLacy’swellnorthofKonigsgratz；thusofcuttingoffthemeal—cartsofthatback—to—backcopartnery，andsooftumblingitofftheground（whichwasperfectlypossible，saysSchmettau）；andsmalldetachmentsandexpeditiouswerepushedout，GeneralDahlwig，GeneralAnhalt，partlyforthatobject:butnottheleastofitevertookeffect。"Futile，lostbyloitering，asallelsewas，"
groansSchmettau。PrinceHenriwasaversetoattempt，intimatestheKing，——asindeed（thoughrefusingtoownit）wasI。
"September10th，myforagewillbeout，yourMajesty，"saysHenri，alwaysapunctualcalculatingman。
TheAustrians，ontheirside，wereequallystagnant；and，exceptthecontinualskirmishingwiththePrussianforagers，undertooknothing。"Shamefullyill—cloneourforaging，too，"exclaimsSchmettauagainandagain:"Hadwedoneitwithneatness，withregularity，theCountrywouldhavelastedustwiceaslong。
Doingitheadlong，wastefullyandbytherule—of—thumb，theCountrywasadesert，allitsinhabitantsfled，allitsediblesconsumed，beforesixweekswereover。Friedrichisnotnowhimselfatall；
ingreatthingsorinlittle；whatachangedFriedrich！"exclaimsSchmettau，withwearisomeiteration。
FromaboutAugust6th，orespeciallyAugust10th，whentheMaria—
TheresaCorrespondence，or"CongressofBraunau，"endedlikewiseinzero，FriedrichbecameimpatientforactualjunctionwithPrinceHenri，actualpushofbusiness；andbegantohintofanexcellentplanhehad:"Burstthroughontheirleftflank；blowuptheirpostofHohenelbeyonder:thenceisbutonemarchtoIserriver；
junctionwithPrinceHenrithere；andaLacyandaLoudontumbledtothewinds。""Aplanperfectlyfeasible，"saysSchmettau；"whichsolacedtheKing’shumor，butwhichheneverreallyintendedtoexecute。"Possiblynot；otherwise，accordingtooldwont，hewouldhaveforbornetospeakofitbeforehand。Atallevents，August15th，inthefeelingthatoneoughtreallytodosomething，theratherasforagehereaboutswasalmostoraltogetherrunningout，heactuallysetaboutthisgrandscheme。
Gotonmarchtorightward，namely，uptheAupariver，throughthegloomychasmsofKingdom—Wood，memorableinolddays:hadhisbakeryshiftedtoTrautenau；hisheavycannongettingtuggedthroughthemireandtherains，whichbythistimewereabundant，towardsHohenelbe，forthegreatenterprise:andsatencampedonandabouttheBattle—groundofSohrforaweekorso，waitingtillallwereforward；eatingSohrCountry，whichwaspainfullyeasytodo。TheAustriansdidnexttonothingonhim；buttherains，themudandscarcityweredoingmuch。GettingontoHohenelberegion，afteraweek’swetwaiting，he，onocularsurveyofthegroundabout，washeardtosay，"Thiscannotbedone，then！""Hadnevermeanttodoit，"sneersSchmettau，"andonlywantedsomeexcuse。"
Whichisverylikely。SchmettaugivesanAnecdoteofhimhere:
InregardtoacertainHill，theKeyoftheAustrianposition，whichtheKingwascontinuallyreconnoitring，andlamentingtheenormousheightof，"Impossible，sohigh！"OneoftheAdjutantstookhistheodolite，ascertainedtheheight，and，bywayofcomfortinghisMajesty，reportedtheexactnumberoffeetabovetheirpresentlevel。"HowdoYOUknow，Herr？"saidtheKingangrily。"MeasureditbyTrigonometry，yourMajesty。"——
"Trigonometry！SCHER’ERSICHZUMTEUFEL（Offwithyou，Sir，totheDevil，yourTrigonometryandyou！）"——nobelieverinmathematics，thisKing。
Hewasloathtogo；andlaidtheblameonmanythings。"WerePrinceHenrinowbutacrosstheIser。HadthatstupidAnhalt，whenhewasuponit[gallopingabout，totheruinofhishead]，onlyseizedArnau，ArnauanditsElbe—Bridge；andhaditinhandforjunctionwithPrinceHenri！"Infine，justasthelastbatchofheavycannon——twentyorthirtyhungeredhorsestoagun，attherateoffivemilesadayinroadsunspeakable——weregettingin，heorderedthemalltobedraggedback，backtotheTrautenauroad；whitherwemustnowallgo。And，SEPTEMBER8th，inperfectorder，fortheAustrianslittlemolestedhim，andgotabadbargainwhentheydid，thegreatFriedrichwithhiswholeArmygotonmarchhomeward，aftersuchaCampaignaswesee。ClimbedtheTrautenau—LandshutPass，withnothingofeffectivelossexceptfromtherainyelements，thesteepmirywaysandthestarvedhorses；
draught—horsesespeciallystarved，——whom，poorcreatures，"youwouldseespringattheropes[draught—harness]，thirtyofthemtoagun，whenstartedandgee—ho’dto；tugviolentlywithnoeffect，andfalldowninwholerows。"
PrinceHenri，foragedone，startedpunctuallySeptember10th，twodaysafterhisBrother；andwithlittleornopursuit，fromtheAustrians，andwithhorsesunstarved，gothomeincomparativelytolerablecircumstances。CantonedhimselfinDresdenneighborhood，andsatwaiting:hehadneverapprovedthisWar；andnow，I
suppose，wouldnotwantforreflections。Friedrich’scantonmentswereroundLandshut，andspreadouttorightandtoleft，fromGlatzCountryandtheUpper—SilesianHills，toSilberbergandSchweidnitz；——hisownquarteristhesameregion，wherehelaysolonginSummer，1759，talkingonlearnedsubjectswiththelateQuintusIcilius，ifreadersremember，andwearilywaitingtillCunctatorDaun（likewisenowdeceased）tookhisstand，orhisseat，atMarkLissa，andtheKingcouldfollowhimtoSchmottseifen。
FriedrichhimselfonthispresentoccasionstayedatSchatzlarasrear—guard，toseewhethertheAustrianswouldnotperhapstrytomakesomeWinterCampaignofit，andifso，whethertheywouldattemptonPrinceHenrioronhim。TheAustriansdidnotattemptoneither；showednosuchintention，——thoughmischievousenoughinothersmallways。FriedrichwrotetheELOGEofVoltaire[OEuvresdeFrederic，vii。50etseq。
（"finishedNov。26th，1778"）。]whilehewaitedhereatSchatzlar，amongtherainyMountains。Lateron，asprospectsaltered，hewasmuchatBreslau，orrunningaboutoncivicerrandswithBreslauascentre:atBreslauhehadmanyDialogueswithProfessorGarve，——inwhosegood，butoppressivelysolemn，littleBook，moreadull—
droningPreachmentthanaNarrative，noreaderneedlookforthemorforhim。
AstotheEULOGYOFVOLTAIRE，wemaysaythatitisgenerous，ingenious，succinct；andofdialectnowobsoletetous。Therewas（andis，thoughsuppressed）anotherEULOGY，brand—new，byaContemporaryofourown，——fromwhichIknownotifreaderswillpermitmeasentenceortwo，inthispauseamongtherainyMountains？……"Awonderfultalentlayinthisman——[inVoltaire，towit；
"suchanintellect，thesharpest，swiftestoftheworld，"thinksourContemporary；"fathomingyouthedeepestsubject，toadepthfarbeyondmostmen’ssoundings，andcomingupwithvictoryandsomethingwiseandlogicallyspeakabletosayonit，soonerthananyotherman，——neverdoubtingbuthehasbeenatthebottom，whichisfromthreetotenmileslower！"]wonderfultalent；butobservealways，ifyoulookclosely，itwasinessenceameretalentforSpeech；whichtalentBaviusandMaeviusandtheJewApellamayadmirewithoutlookingbehindit，butthisEulogistbynomeanswill。Speech，myfriend？Ifyoursublimetalentofspeechconsistsonlyinmakingignoranceappeartobeknowledge，andlittlewisdomappeartobemuch，Iwillthankyoutowalkonwithit，andapplyatsomeothershop。TheQUANTITYofshopswhereyoucanapplywiththrice—goldenadvantage，fromtheMorningNewspaperstotheNationalSenate，istremendousatthisepochofthepoorworld’shistory；——go，Irequestyou！Andwhilehisfootisonthestairs，descendingfrommygarret，Ithink:Ounfortunatefellow—creatureinanunfortunateworld，whyisnotthereaFriedrichWilhelmto’elect’you，ashedidGundling，tohisTOBACCOParliament，andtheresetFassmannuponyouwiththepansofburningpeat？Itwerebetterevenforyourself；wholesomelydidactictoyourpoorself，I
cannotdoubt；andforthepoormultitudestowhomyouarenowtobesacredVATES，speakingandsingingYOURdismalGUNDLINGIANAasifinspiredbyHeaven，howinfinitelybetter！——Courage，courage！
Idiscern，acrossthesehideousjargons，thereignofgreatersilenceapproachinguponrepentantmen；reignofgreatersilence，I
say；orelsethatofannihilation，whichwillbethemostsilentofall……
"Voltaire，ifnotagreatman，isaremarkablypeculiarone；
anddidsuchaworkintheseAgesaswillrenderhimlongmemorable，moreorless。Hekindledtheinfinitedrydung—heapofthings；setitblazingheaven—high；——andweallthought，intheFrenchRevolutiontime，itwouldburnoutrapidlyintoashes，andthentherewouldaclearUpperFirmament，ifoverablackenedEarth，beoncemorevouchsafedus。Theflameisnowdone，asIoncesaid；andonlythedulldung—heap，smokilyburning，butnotnowblazing，remains，——foritwasverydamp，EXCEPTonthesurface，andisbynatureslowofcombustion:——whoknowsbutitmayhavetoburnforcenturiesyet，poisoningbyitsvillanousmal—odorsthelife—
atmosphereofallmen？EternalAuthorofthisUniverse，whosethroneisTruth，towhomalltheTrueareSons，wiltthounotlookdownuponus，then！——Tillthissadprocessiscomplete？Voltaireisliketobeverymemorable。"……
ToFriedrichtheWinterwasingeneraltranquil；aFriedrichbusypreparingallthingsforhisgrandMahrenEnterprise，andfor"realworknextyear。"ByandbytherecametoberealPeace—prospectsinstead。Meanwhile，theAustriansdotryalittle，inthesmallPandourway，todislodgehimfromtheUpper—SilesianorTeschenregions，wheretheErbprinzofBrunswickisincommand；amannottobeprickedintogratisbyPandours。Erbprinz，accordingly，provokedbytheirPandourings，brokeoutatlast；andaboutZuckmantelinstantlyscourgedthemhome，andhadpeaceafter。
Foiledhere，theynexttrieduponGlatz；"GetintohisGlatzCountry，then；——asnatchofthatwillbalancetheaccount"（whichwasoneofNewspapergloryonly）:andacertainWurmseroftheirs，expertinsuchthings，didburntheTownofHabelschwertonemorning；["18thJanuary，1779"（Rodenbeck，iii。195；Schmettau，&c。）。]andtriedfarther，notwiselythistime，asurprisalofGlatzFortressitself；butgotsmittenhomebyouroldfriendGeneralWunsch，withoutprofitthere。ThiswasthesameWurmserwhocametobadissuesintheNapoleontimeafterwards；arisingmanthen；notadimOld—Newspaperghostasnow。
MostshamefulthisburningofHabelschwertbywayofmerebravura，thinksFriedrich，inatimeofactualTreatyforPeace，whenourCongressofTeschenwasjuststrugglingtogettogether！ItwasthechiefstrokedonebytheAustriansinthisWar；gloriousorshameful，wewillnotthinkofinquiring。NorinfactofaddingonewordmoreonsuchaWar，——except，whateverybodylongsfor，That，NOVEMBER27th，1778，CzarinaCatharine，byherPrinceGalitzinatVienna，intervenedinthematter，inaloftyway；andendedit。
CzarinaCatharine，——smallthankstoher，itseems，foritwasFriedrichthatbyhisindustriesandworld—diplomacies，Frenchandother，hadgotherTurks，whohadbeengivingtroubleagain，compescedintopeaceforher；andindeed，toFriedrichorhisinterests，thoughboundbyTreaty，shehadsmallregardintakingthisstep，butwishedmerelytoappearinGermanPoliticsasaShe—Jove，——CzarinaCatharinesignified，inhighandperemptorythoughpoliteDiplomaticterms，atVienna，"ImperialMadam，howlongissuchaWartolast？BeatPeace，bothofyou；or——！
Ishall，however，mediate，ifyoulike，beingtheheartyfriendofboth。"[CopyofGalitzin’s"Declaration，"inFISCHER，ii。406—411。]
"Do，"answersMariaTheresa，whosefinanceisquiteout，whosemotherlyheartisalmostbroken，thoughayoungKaiserstillprancesviolently，andkicksagainstthepricks:"Do，yournobleCzarishMajesty；Francetooisinterfering:Franceandyouwilldecidewhatisjust，andwewillend。""CongressofTeschen"metaccordingly，MARCH10th，1779:Teschen，inAustrianSilesia，wherewehavebeen；——RepninasRussian，BreteuiltheFrenchman，CobentzlandHertzbergasAustrianandPrussian；——and，MAY13th（intwomonths’time，notintwoweeks’，ashadbeenexpected，forthereroseunexpectedhaggles），didcloseeverything，firmasDiplomacycoulddoit，intoequitable，orapproximatelyequitablefinis:
"Gohome，youAustria；quityourstolenBavaria（allbutarimorparing，CircleofBurghausen，sinceyoumusthavesomething！）:
Saxony，Mecklenburg，thesemustbesatisfiedtomoderatelength；
andtherewithgeneralAS—YOU—WERE。"
RussiaandFrancewereagreedonthecase；andFriedrich，bitterlylongingtohavedonewithit，hadsaidtohimself，"Intwoweeksorso:"butitprovedfarotherwise。Neverweresuchhagglings，provocationsandunreasonableconfusionsasnowrose。TheburningofHabelschwertwasbutatypeofthem。HagglesonthepartofworthlessKarlTheodor，kindledbyJosephandhisKaunitz，kickingagainstthepricks。HagglesonSaxony’spart:"Iclaimed7，000，000
poundssterling，andyouallowme600，000pounds。""Betterthatthannothing，"answeredFriedrich。HaggleswithMecklenburg:
"InsteadofmyLeuchtenberg，IgetanimprovementinmyLaw—Courts，rightofJudgingwithoutAppeal；whatisthat！"HaggleswiththeoncegratefulDukeofZweibruck:"Can’tpartwithmyBurghausen。"
"SupposeyouhadhadtopartwithyourBavariaaltogether？"
Inshort，Friedrich，whohadgainednothingforhimself，butsuchinfinityofoutlayinallkinds，neversawsuchacoilofhumanfolliesandcupiditiesbefore；andhadtoexhausthisutmostpatience，submittonewlossesofhisown，andtryallhisdexteritiesinpig—driving:overjoyed，atlast，togetoutofitonanyterms。OutlayofFriedrichisaboutTwoMillionssterling，andabove10，000men’slives（hisownnarrowlynotincluded），withcensures，criticisms，provocationsandbotherationswithoutend。
Inreturnforwhich，hehas，truly，putaspokeinAustria’sproudwheelforthistime，andmanagedtoseefairplayintheReich；
whichhadseemedtohim，andseems，aconsiderablething。Bywayofcodicil，AustriaagreesnottochicanehiminregardtoAnspach—
Baireuth，——howgenerousofAustria，afterthisexperience！——
Inreality，theWarwasanImaginaryWar；deservingonitsownscorelittlerecordanywhere；toreadershererequiringalmostlessthanithasgot。Schmettau，Schoningandothershavebeenabundantlyminuteuponit；buteventosoldiersthereislittleeitherofinterestorinstruction；tous，allityieldsiscertainAnecdotesofFriedrich’stemperandwaysinthatdifficultpredicament；which，ascomingatfirst—hand，gatheredforusbypunctualauthenticSchmettau，whowasconstantlyabouthim，witheyesopenandnote—bookready，haveakindofworthintheBiographicpointofview。
ThePrussianSoldiery，ofwhomweseeatypeinSchmettau，weredisgustedwiththisWar，andcalledit，inallusiontotheforaging，Ascrambleforpotatoes，"DERKARTOFFEL—KRIEG，ThePotatoWar；"whichisitscommondesignationtothisday。TheAustrians，inalikehumor，calledit"ZWETSCHKEN—RUMMEL"（say"THREE—BUTTON
Loo"）；agamenotworthplaying；especiallynotatsuchcost。
Combinedcostcountedtohavebeeninsum—total4，350，000poundsand20，000men。[Preuss，iv。115。]"ThePrussianArmywasfullofardor，neverablerforfight"（insistsSchmettau），whichindeedseemstohavebeenthefactoneverysmalloccasion；——"butfatallyforbiddentotry。"Notsofatallyperhaps，hadSchmettaulookedbeyondhisepaulettes:wasnotthething，bythatslowmethod，gotdone？Bytheswiftermethod，awakeninganewSeven—Yearsbusiness，howinfinitelycostliermightithavebeen！
Schmettau’sNARRATIVE，deductingtheendlesslamentings，especiallytheextensivedidacticdigressions，isveryclear，ocular，exact；
and，incontrastwithFriedrich’sown，isreallyamusingtoread。
ASchmettaugivingus，inhishaggardlightandobliquepointofvision，thenakedtruth，NAKEDandallinashiver；aFriedrichstrivingtodrapeitalittle，andmakeitcomfortabletohimself。
ThosebitsofAnecdotesinSCHMETTAU，clear，credible，asifwehadseenthem，aresomanycrevicesthroughwhichitiscuriouslyworthwhiletolook。
ChapterVII。
MILLERARNOLD’SLAWSUIT。
AbouttheSecondLaw—Reform，afterreadingandagainreadingmuchdrearydetail，Icansaynexttonothing，exceptthatitisdatedasbeginningin1776，nearthirtyyearsafterCocceji’s；["In1748"
Cocceji’swascompleted；"in1774—1775，"onoccasionoftheSilesianReviews，VonCarmer，ChancellorofSilesia，knowingoftheKing’simpatienceatthestateofLaw，presentedsuccessivelyTwoMEMORIALSonthesubject；theSecondofwhichbegan"4thJanuary，1776"toh...剩余内容请长按扫描二维码或下载丁香书院APP继续免费看：
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