NeisseliesdeepenoughinPrussianenvironment；likeBrieg，likeGlogau，strictlyblockaded；ourpoststhereabouts，amongtheMountains，thoughttobeimpregnable。Nevertheless，whatnewthingisthis？HereareswarmsoflooseHussar—Pandourpeople，wildAustrianIrregulars，whocomepouringoutofGlatzCountry；
　　disturbingthePrussianpoststowardsthatquarter；anddonotletuswantforSmallWar（KLEINEKRIEG）socalled。GeneralBrowne，itappears，isgotbacktoGlatzatthisearlyseason，heandaGeneralLentulusbusythere；andthesearethecomplimentstheysend！Averytroublesomesetoffellows，infestingone’spurlieusinwingedpredatoryfashion；swoopingdownlikeacloudofvulturousharpiesonthesudden；fierceenough，ifthechancefavor；thentowingagain，ifitdonot。Communication，especiallyreconnoitring，isnotsafeintheirneighborhood。PrussianInfantry，eveninsmallparties，generallybeatsthem；PrussianHorsenot，butisoftenerbeaten，——notdrilledforthisrabbleandtheirways。Inpitchedfighttheyarenotdangerous，ratheraredespicabletothedisciplinedman；butcan，onoccasion，doagreatdealofmischief。
　　Thus，itwasnotlongafterFriedrich’scomingintotheseparts，whenhelearntwithsorrowthataBodyof"500Horseand500Foot"
　　（orsayitwereonly300ofeachkind，whichisthefact[Orlich，i。79；OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。68。]）hadeludedourpostsintheMountains，andactuallygotintoNeisse。
　　"TheFootwillbeoflittleconsequence，"writesFriedrich；
　　"buttheHorse，whichwilldisturbourcommunications，areaconsiderablemischief。"Thiswasonthe5thofMarch。Andaboutaweekbefore，onthe27thofFebruary，therehadwell—nighafargraverthingbefallen，——namelythecaptureofFriedrichhimself，andthesuddenendofalltheseoperations。
　　SKIRMISHOFBAUMGARTEN，27thFEBRUARY，1741。
　　InmostoftheAnecdote—Booksthereusedtofigure，andstilldoes，insistingonsomebelieffromsimplepersons，awonderfulStoryinveryvaguecondition:Howonce"intheSilesianWars，"theKing，inthoseUpperNeisseregions，intheWarthadistrictbetweenGlatzandNeisse，was，oneday，withinaninchofbeingtaken，——cloudsofHussarssuddenlyrisingroundhim，asherodereconnoitring，withnexttonoescort，onlyanadjutantorsoinattendance。Howheshotaway，keepingwellintheshade；anderelongwhiskedintoaConventorAbbey，thebeautifulAbbeyofKamenzinthoseparts；
　　andfoundTobiasStusche，excellentAbbotoftheplace，towhomhecandidlydisclosedhissituation。HowtheexcellentTobiasthereuponinstantlyorderedthebellstoberungforamassextraordinary，Monksnotknowingwhy；and，afterbells，madehisappearanceinhighcostume，muchtothewonderofhisMonks，withaSECONDAbbot，alsoinhighcostume，butofshortishstature，whomtheyneversawbeforeorafter。WhichtwoAbbots，oratleastTobias，proceededtodotheso—calleddivineofficethereandthen；
　　lettingloosethebigchantespecially，andthegrowloforgans，inasingularlyexpressivemanner。HowthePandoursarrivedincloudsmeanwhile；entered，insearchingparties，moreorlessreverentofthemass；searchedhighandlow；butfoundnothing，andwereobligedtotakeTobias’sblessingatlast，andgotheirways。
　　HowtheSecondAbbotthereuponsworeeternalfriendshipwithTobias，intheprivateapartments；androdeoffas——asarescuedMajesty，determinedtobemorecautiousinPandourCountriesforthefuture！[Hildebrandt，Anekdoten，i。1—7。
　　PandourproperisaFOOT—soldier（tallraw—bonedill—washedbiped，incopiousTurkbreeches，ratherbarishinthetoppartsofhim；
　　carriesaverylongmusket，andhasseveralpistolsandbutcher’s—
　　knivesstuckinhisgirdle）:specificallyafootman；butreaderswillpermitmetousehimwithal，ashere，inthegenericsense。]——
　　Whichstory，astothebodyofit，isallmyth；though，asisoftenestthecase，thereliesinitsomesouloffacttoo。
　　TheHistory—Books，whichhadnotmuchheededthelittlefact，wouldhavenothingtodowiththisaccountofit。NeverthelessthepeoplestucktotheirMyth；sothatDryasdust（inpunishmentforhissinfulblindnesstothehumananddivinesignificanceoffacts）wasdriventoinvestigatethebusiness；anddidatlastvictoriouslybringithometothesmalloccurrencenowcalledSKIRMISHOF
　　BAUMGARTEN，whichhadnearlybecomesogreatintheHistoryoftheWorld，——tothefollowingeffect。
　　TherearetwoValleyswithroadsthatleadfromthatSouthwestquarterofSilesiatowardsGlatz，eachwithalittleTownattheendofit，lookingupintoit:Warthathenameoftheone:
　　Silberbergthatoftheother。ThroughtheWarthaValley，whichissouthernmost，youngNeisseRivercomesrushingdown，——thebluemountainsthereaboutsverypretty，onaclearspringday，saysmytouringfriend。BothatWartha，andatSilberbergthelittleTownwhichlooksintothemouthofthenorthernmostValley，thePrussianshaveapost。OldDerschau，MalplaquetDerschau，withheadquartersatFrankenstein，somesevenoreightmilesnearerSchweidnitz，hasnotfailedinthatprecaution。FriedrichwishedtovisitSilberbergandWartha；setoutaccordingly，27thFebruary，withsmallescort，carelesslyasusual:thePandourpeoplehadwindofit；knewhishabitsonsuchoccasions；and，glidingthroughotherroadlessvalleys，underanadventurousCaptain，haddeterminedtowhirlhimoff。Andtheywereinfactnotfarfromsucceeding，hadnotamistakehappened。
　　Silberberg，andWarthathesouthernmost，whichstandsupontheNeisseRiver（rushingoutthereintotheplainercountry），areeachaboutsevenoreightmilesfromFrankenstein，theHead—quarters；
　　andtherearerelaysofposts，capableofsupportingoneanother，allthewayfromFrankensteintoeach。FriedrichrodetoSilberbergfirst；examinedthepost，founditright；thenrodeacrosstoWartha，sevenoreightmilessouthward；examinedWarthalikewise；
　　afterwhich，hesatdowntodinnerinthatlittleTown，withanOfficerortwoforcompany，——having，Isuppose，foundallrightinboththeposts。Inthewayhither，hehadmadesomechangeintherelayarrangements，whichatfirstinvolvedsomediminutionofhisownescort，andthensomemarchingaboutandredistributing:
　　sothat，externally，itseemedasifthePrincipalRelay—partywerenowmarchingonBaumgarten，anintermediateVillage，——atleastsothePandourCaptainunderstandsthemovementsgoingon；andcrouchesintotheduethicketsinconsequence，notdoubtingbuttheKinghimselfisforBaumgarten，andwillbeathandpresently。
　　Principalrelay—party，asquadronofSchulenburg’sDragoons，withastupidMajoroverthem，isnotquitegotintoBaumgarten，when"withhorriblecriesthePandourCaptainwithabout500horse，"
　　plungesoutofcover，directuponthethroatofit:andFriedrich，atWartha，isbutjustbegundiningwhentumultofdistantmusketrybreaksinuponhim。WithFriedrichhimself，atthistime，asI
　　count，theremightbe150Horse；inWarthapostitselfareatleast"fortyhussarsandfiftyfoot。"Bynomeans"nothingbutasingleadjutant，"astheMythbears。
　　ThestupidMajoroughttohavebeatenthisrabble，thoughabovetwotooneofhim。Buthecouldnot，thoughhetriedconsiderably；
　　onthecontrary，hewashimselfbeaten；obligedtomakeoff，leaving"tendragoonskilled，sixteenprisoners，onestandardandtwokettle—drums:"——victorvandallthisplunder，yePandourgentry；butevidentlynoKing。ThePandourgentry，ontheinstant，madeofftoo，alarmbeingabroad；gotintosomeside—valley，withtheirprisonersanddrum—and—standardhonors，andvanishedfromviewofmankind。
　　Friedrichhadstartedfromdinner；gothisescortunderway，withthefortyhussarsandthefiftyfoot，andwhatsmallforcewasattainable；andhurriedtowardsthescene。Hedidsee，bytheroad，anotherstrongishpartyofPandours；dashedthemacrosstheNeisseRiveroutofsight；——but，gettingtoBaumgarten，foundthefieldsilent，andtendeadmenuponit。"IalwaystoldyouthoseSchulenburgDragoonsweregoodfornothing！"writeshetotheOldDessauer；butgraduallywithal，oncomparingnotes，findswhatadangerhehadrun，andhowrashandfoolishhehadbeen。
　　"AnETOURDERIE（foolishtrick），"hecallsit，writingtoJordan；
　　"ablackeye；"andwillavoidthelike。Viennagotitstwokettle—
　　drumsandflag；extremelygladtoseethem；andevensangTE—DEUM
　　uponthem，togeneraledification。[Orlich，i。62—64。]ThisisthenakedprimordialsubstanceoutofwhichtheaboveMythgrewtoitspresentluxurianceinthepopularimagination。Place，thelittleVillageofBaumgarten；day，27thFebruary，1741。OfTobiasStuscheortheConventofKamenz，notoneauthenticwordonthisoccasion。
　　Tobiasdidgetpromotions，favorsincomingyears:aworthyAbbot，deservingpromotionongeneralgrounds；andmasterofaConventverypicturesque，buttwelvemilesfromthepresentsceneofaction。
　　ASPECTSOFBRESLAU。
　　FriedrichavoidedvisitingBreslau，probablyforthereasonsabovegiven；thoughthereareimportantinterestsofhisthere，especiallyhischiefMagazine；andissuesofmomentaresilentlyworkingforward。HerearecontemporaryExcerpts（inabridgedform），whichareauthentic，andofsignificancetoalivelyreader:——
　　"BRESLAU，MIDDLEOFJANUARY，1741。ThePrussianEnvoy，HerrvonGotter，hadappearedhere，returningfromVienna；Gotter，andthenBorck，whomadenosecretinBreslausociety，Thatnottheslightesthopeofapeaceableresultexisted，associetymighthaveflattereditself；butthatwarandbattlewouldhavetodecidethismatter。ASaxonAmbassadorwasalsohere，waitingsometime；
　　messagethoughttobeinsignificant:——probablysomevagueadmonitorystuffagainfromKur—Sachsen（PolishKing，sonofAugusttheStrong，averyinsignificantman），whoactsasREICHS—VICARIUS
　　inthoseNorthernparts。"Forthereaderistoknow，thereareReichs—Vicarsmorethanone（naymorethantwoonthisoccasion，withconsiderablejarringgoingonaboutthem）；andIcouldsaymuchabouttheirdignities，limits，duties，[Adelung，ii。143，&c。；
　　Kohler，Reichs—Historie，pp。585—589。]——ifindeedtherewereanyduties，exceptdramaticones！ButtheReichitself，andVicarshipalongwithit，arefallenintoanearlyimaginarycondition；andtheRegensburgDiet（notPrincesnow，butmereDelegatesofPrinces，mostlyBombazinePeople），which，"eversince1663，"hassatcontinual，insteadofnowandthen，isbecomeanEnchantedPiggery，strangetolookupon，underthoseearneststars。"AsKingFriedrichdidnotcallatGreslau，"afterthoseNeissebombardments，butrolledpast，straighthomewards，thethreeExcellenciesalldeparted，——BorckandGottertoBerlin，theSaxonhomeagainwithhisinsignificantmessage。
　　"JANUARY19th。Schwerintoowashereinthecourseofthewinter，toseehowthemagazinesandotherwar—preparationsweregoingon:
　　Breslauoutwardlyandinwardlyiswhirlingwithbusiness，andoffersphenomena。Forinstance，itisknownthattheArmy—Chest，heapsofsilverandgoldinit，liesintheScultetGarden—House，wheretheKinglodged；andthatonlyonesentrywalksthere，andthatintheguard—houseitself，whichissomewayoff，thereareonlythirtymen。January19th，about9oftheclock，[Helden—Geschichte，i。700。]alarmrises，That2，000DIEBS—GESINDEL（CollectiveThief—rabbleofBreslauanddependencies）arecloseby；intendingastrokeuponsaidGarden—
　　HouseandArmy—Chest！Perhapsthisrumorsprangofitsownaccord；
　　——orperhapsnotquite？Ithadbeenveryrife；andranhigh；notwithoutremonstrancesinTown—Hall，andthelike，whichwecanimagine。Issuewas，TheOfficeronpostatScultet’sloadedhistreasureincarts；conveyedit，thatsamenight，totheinterioroftheCity，infacttotheOBERAMTS—HAUS（Government—Housethatwas）；
　　——whichdoubtlesswasastepintherightdirection。FornowtheTwoFeld—Kriegs—CommissariatGentlemen（oneofwhomistheexpertMunchow，sonofouroldCustrinfriend），supremePrussianAuthoritieshere，dolikewiseshiftoutoftheirinns；andtakeoldSchaffgotsch’sapartmentsinthesameOberamts—Haus；mutelysymbollingthatperhapsTHEYarelikelytobecomeakindofGovernment。Andthereadercanconceivehow，insuchanelement，thefunctionofgoverningwouldofitselffallmoreandmoreintotheirhands。Theywereconsummatelypolite，discreet，friendlytowardsallpeople；anddidineffectmanagetheirbusiness，tax—
　　gatheringsinmoneyandinkind，withaperfectionandprecisionwhichmadetheevilaminimum。
　　"FEBRUARY17th……Thisdayalso，therearrivedatBreslau，byboatuptheOder，tenheavycannon，threemortars，andammunitionofpowder，bombshells，balls，asmuchasloadedfiftywagons；
　　thewholeofwhichwere，inlikemanner，forwardedtoOhlau。
　　Thisday，asonotherdaysbeforeandafter。GreatMagazinesforminghere；theMilitarychieflyatOhlau；atBreslautheProvenderpart，——andthislatterundernoteworthycircumstances。
　　IntheDom—Island，namely；whichisdefinable（inacaseofsuchnecessity）asbeing’outsidethewalls。’EspeciallyastheReverendFathershavemostlyglidedintocorners，andlefttheplacevacant。
　　IntheDom—Island，itcertainlyis；andsuchastock，——allboughtformoneydown，andspurredforwardwhiletheroadswereunderfrost，——’suchastockaswasnotthoughttobeinallSilesia，’
　　saysexaggerativewonder。ThevacantedificesintheDom—Islandarefilledtotheneckwithmealandcorn；thePrussianbrigadenowquarteringthere（’withoutthewalls，’inasense）toguardthesame。AndintheBishop’sGarden[poorSinzendorf，farenoughawayandinnowantofitjustnow]aremerehay—mows，biggerthanhouses:whocanobject，——inacaseofnecessity？Noman，unlesshepoliticallymeddle，ismeddledwith；politicallymeddling，youareatoncepickedup；asoneortwoare，——clappedintogentlearrest，or，likeoldSchaffgotsch，andevenSinzendorfbeforelong，requestedtoleavetheCountrytillitgetsettled。Rigorthereis，butnotintentionalinjusticeonMunchow’spart，andthereisastudiousavoidanceofharshmanner。
　　"FEBRUARY—MARCH。ConsiderablerecruitinginSchlesien:sixhundredrecruitshaveenlistedinBreslaualone。AlsohisPrussianMajestyhassentasupplyofProtestantPreachers，ordainedfortheoccasion，toministerwhereneeded；——whichispiouslyacknowledgedasagodsendinvariouspartsofSilesia。Twelvecamefirst，allBerliners；soonafterwards，othersfromdifferentparts，till，intheend，therewereaboutSixtyinall。Rigorous，punctiliousavoidanceofoffencetotheCatholicminorities，orofwhateverleastthingSilesianLawdoesnotpermit，isenjoineduponthem；
　　’topreachinbarnsortown—halls，wherebyLawyouhavenoChurch。’Theirsalaryisabout30poundsayear；theyareallputundersupervisionoftheChaplainofMargrafKarl’sRegiment"（ajudiciousChaplain，Ihavenodoubt，andfittobeaBishop）；
　　andsofarasappears，merebenefitisgotofthembySchlesienaswellasbyFriedrich，inthisfunction。FriedrichiscarefultokeepthebalancelevelbetweenCatholicandProtestant；butithashungatsuchanangle，foralongwhilepast！Ingeneral，weobservetheCatholicDignitaries，andthezealousorfanaticofthatcreed，especiallytheJesuits，areapttobeagainsthim:
　　asforthenon—fanatic，theyexpectbettergovernment，secularadvantage；theselatterweighdoubtfully，andwithlessweightwhicheverway。Inthegeneralpopulation，whoareProtestant，herecognizesfriends；——andhassentthemSixtyPreachers，whichbyLawwastheirduelongsince。Herefollowtwolittletraits，comicortragi—comic，withwhichwecanconclude:——
　　"DetachedJesuitparties，hereandthere，seemtohavemischiefinhandinasmallway，encouragingdesertersandthelike；——andwekeepaneyeonthem。Nodiscontentelsewhere，atleastnoneaudible；onthecontrary，muchenlistingonthepartoftheSilesianyouth，withothergoodsymptoms。ButintheDom，thereis，singulartosay，aGoblinfoundwalking，onenight；——advancing，notwithairsfromHeaven，uponthePrussiansentrythere！ThePrussiansentryhandlesarms；pokesdeterminedlyintotheGoblin，andfindinghimsolid，evermoredeterminedly，tilltheGoblinshrieked’JesusMaria！’andwashauledtotheGuard—houseforinvestigation。"AweakGoblin；doubtlessofthevaletkind；worthonlyalittlewhipping；buttestifieswhatthespiritis。
　　"Anothertime，twodeserterFrenchmengettinghanged[suchthelawinaggravatedcases]，certainpoliteJesuits，whohadbypermissionbeenprayingandextreme—unctioningaboutthem，cametothanktheColonelafterallwasover。Colonel，agravepracticalman，needsno’thanks；’would，however，’adviseyourReverencestoteachyourpeoplethatperjuryisnotpermissible，thatanoathswornoughttobekept；’andinfine’wouldadviseyouHolyFathershereabouts，andothers，tohaveacarelestyougetinto’——Andtwitchinghisreins，rodeawaywithoutsayingintowhat。"[Helden—
　　Geschichte，i。723。]
　　AUSTRIAISSTANDINGTOARMS。
　　Schwerinhasbeendoinghisbestinthisinterim；collectingmagazineswithdoublediligencewhiletheroadsarehard，takinguptheKey—positionsfarandwide，fromtheJablunkaroundtotheFrontierValleysofGlatzagain。HewasthroughJablunka，atonetime；onintoMahren，asfarasOlmutz；levyingcontributions，emittingpatents:butastointimidatingherHungarianMajesty，ifthatwastheintention，orchanginghermindatall，thatisnottheissuegot。Austriahasstillstrength，andPragmaticSanctionandtheLawsofNaturehave！VeryfixedisherHungarianMajesty’sdetermination，topartwithnoinchofTerritory，buttodrivetheintrusivePrussianshomewellpunished。
　　Howshehasgotthefundsis，tothisday，amystery；——unlessGeorgeandWalpole，fromtheirSecret—ServiceMoneys，havesmuggledhersomewhat。？FortheParliamentisnotsitting，andtherewillbesuchjargonings，suchdelays:apreliminary100，000pounds，saybydegrees200，000pounds，——weshouldnotmissit，andinherMajesty’shandsitwouldgofar！HintsintheEnglishDryasdustwehave；butnothingdefinite；andwearelefttoourguesses。[Tindal（XX。497）saysexpressly200，000pounds，butgivesnodateorotherparticular。]Aromanticstory，firstsetcurrentbyVoltaire，hasgonetheroundoftheworld，andstillappearsinallHistories:
　　HowinEnglandtherewasaSubscriptionsetonfootforherHungarianMajesty；outcomeoftheenthusiasmofEnglishLadiesofquality，——oldSarahDuchessofMarlboroughputtingdownhernamefor40，000pounds，orindeedputtingdownthereadysumitself；
　　magnanimousveteranthatshewas。Voltairesays，omittingdateandcircumstance，butspeakingasifitwereindubitable，andathingyoucouldseewitheyes:"TheDuchessofMarlborough，widowofhimwhohadfoughtforKarlVI。[andwithsuchsignalreturnsofgratitudefromthesaidKarlVI。]，assembledtheprincipalLadiesofLondon；whoengagedtofurnish100，000poundsamongthem；theDuchessherselfputtingdown[ENDEPOSA，tablingINCORPORE]40，000
　　poundsofit。TheQueenofHungaryhadthegreatnessofsoultorefusethismoney；——needingonly，assheintimated，whattheNationinParliamentassembledmightpleasetoofferher。"[Voltaire，OEuvres（SiecledeLouisXV。，c。6），xxviii。79。]
　　Oneissorrytorunathwartsuchapieceofmutualmagnanimity；
　　butthefactis，onconsideringalittleandaskingevidence，itturnsouttobemythical。OneDilworth，aninnocentEnglishsoul（fromwhomourgrandfathersusedtolearnARITHMETIC，Ithink），writingonthespotsomeyearsafterVoltaire，hasthisusefulpassage:"Itisthegreatfailingofastrongimaginationtocatchgreedilyatwonders。Voltairewasmisinformed；andwouldperhapslearn，byasecondinquiry，atruthlesssplendidandamusing。
　　AContributionwas，byNews—writersupontheirownauthority，fruitlesslyproposed。Itendedinnothing:theParliamentvotedasupply；"——thatdidit，Mr。Dilworth；suppliesenough，andmanyofthem！"Fruitlessly，byNews—writersontheirownauthority；"
　　thatisthesadfact。[TheLifeandHeroickActionsofFrederickIII。（SIC，acommonblunder），byW。H。
　　Dilworth，M。A。（London，1758），p。25。ApoorlittleBook，oneofmanycomingoutonthatsubjectjustthen（forareasonweshallseeongettingthither）；whichcontains，ofavailablenow，theabovesentenceandnomore。Indeeditsbrethren，oneofthembySamnelJohnson（IMPRANSUS，theimprisonedgiant），donotevencontainthat，andhavegonewhollytozero。——NeitherlittleDilworthnorbigVoltairegivetheleastshadowofspecificdate；
　　butbothevidentlymeanSpring，1742（not1741）。]
　　Itiscertain，littleGeorge，whoconsidersPragmaticSanctionastheKeystoneofNatureinamanner，hasbeenventuringfardeeperthanpurseforthatadorableobject；andindeedhasbeendiving，secretly，inmuddierwatersthanweexpected，toadangerousextent，onbehalfofit，atthisverytime。InthefirstdaysofMarch，FriedrichhasheardfromhisMinisteratPetersburgofaDETESTABLEPROJECT，[Orlich，i。83（scrapofNotetoOldDessauer；
　　nodateallowedus；"earlyinMarch"）。]——projectfor"PartitioningthePrussianKingdom，"noless；forfairlycuttingintoFriedrich，andparinghimdowntothesafepitch，asanenemytoPragmaticandmankind。Theysay，aTreaty，DraughtofaTreaty，forthatexpressobject，isnowready；andliesatPetersburg，onlywaitingsignature。HereisaProject！Contractingparties（Russiansignaturestillwanting）are:Kur—Sachsen；herHungarianMajesty；
　　KingGeorge；andthatRegentAnne（MRS。AntonUlrich，sotospeak），whositsinahuddleofundress，impatientofPoliticalobjects，butsensibletothecharmsofhandsomemen。TothecharmsofCountLynar，especially:thehandsomestofDanishnoblemen（moreanancientRomanthanaDane），whomthePolishMajesty，calculatingcauseandeffect，haddespatchedtoher，withthatview，inthedeadofwinterlately。Towhomshehasgivenear；——dismissingherMunnich，aswesawabove；——andisreadyforsigning，orperhapshassigned！[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。68。]
　　Friedrich’sastonishment，onhearingofthis"detestableProject，"
　　wasgreat。However，hetakeshismeasuresonit；——rightluckythathehastheOldDessauer，andmachineryforactingonKur—SachsenandtheBritannicMajesty。"Getyourmachineryingear！"isnaturallyhisfirstorder。AndtheOldDessauerdoesit，witheffect:ofwhichbyandby。
　　NeverdidIhear，beforeorsince，ofsuchaplungeintothemuddyunfathomable，onthepartoflittleGeorge，whowasanhonorablecreature，anddubitativetoexcess:andtrulythisrashplungemighthavecosthimdear，hadnothedirectlyscrambledoutagain。
　　OrdidFriedrichexaggeratetohimselfhisUncle’srealshareinthematter？Ialwaysguess，therehadbeenmoreofloosetalk，ofhypothesisandfondhope，inregardtoGeorge’sshare，thanofdeterminatefactorprocedureonhisownpart。Thetransaction，havinghadtobedroppedonthesudden，remainssomewhatdark；
　　but，insubstance，itisnotdoubtful；[Tindal，xx。497。]andParliamentitselftookafterwardstopokingintoit，thoughwithlittleeffect。Kur—Sachsen’sobjectsintheadventurewereoftheearth，earthy；butonGeorge’spartitwaspureadorationofPragmaticSanction，anxietyfortheKeystoneofNature，andlestChaoscomeagain。Incomparisonwithsuchtranscendentdivings，whatisalittleSecret—Servicemoney！——
　　TheCountLynarofthisadventure，whohadwell—nighdonesuchafeatinDiplomacy，mayturnuptransientlyagain。Aconspicuous，moreorlessridiculouspersonofthosetimes。Busching（ourGeographicalfriend）hadgonewithhim，asExcellency’sChaplain，inthisRussianJourney；whichisamemorableonetoBusching；
　　andstillpresentsvividly，throughhisBook，thosehaggardBalticCoastsinmidwinter，toreaderswhohavebusinessthere。Suchajourneyforgrimnessofoutlook，uponpine—tuftsandfrozensand；
　　forcold（theCount’sverytobacco—pipefreezinginhismouth），forhardship，forbadlodging，andextremityofdirtintheunfreezablekinds，asseldomwas。Theymet，onedayontheroad，aLordHyndford，EnglishAmbassadorjustreturningfromPetersburg，withhisfourgonsandvehicles，andarrangementsforsleepandvictual，inanenviablyluxuriouscondition，——whomweshallmeet，toourcost。Theysaw，inthebody，oldField—marshalLacy，anddinedwithhim，atRiga；whoadvisedbrandyschnapps；areciperejectedbyBusching。Andothermemorabilia，whichbyaccidenthangaboutthisLynar。[Busching，Beitrage，vi。132—164。]——
　　AllthroughRegentAnne’stimehecontinuedadangerousobjecttoFriedrich；anditwasareliefwhenElizabethCATINbecameAutocrat，insteadofDeshabilleAnneandherLynar。Adieutohim，forfifteenyearsormore。
　　OfFriedrich’smilitaryoperations，ofhismagazines，posts，diligentplanningsandgallopingsabout，inthoseweeks；ofallthisthereadercanformsomenotionbylookingonthemapandrememberingwhathasgonebefore:butthatsubterraneangrowlingwhichattendedhim，propheticofEarthquake，thatuniversalbreakingforthofBedlams，nowfallensoextinct，noreadercanimagine。Bedlamstotallyextincttoeverybody；butwhichwerethenveryreal，andragedwideastheworld，highasthestars，toahideousdegreeamongthethensonsofmen；——unimaginablenowbyanymortal。
　　And，alas，thisisoneofthegranddifficultiesformyreadersandme；Friedrich’sLife—elementhavingfallenintosuchadismalcondition。Mostdismal，dark，ugly，thatAustrian—SuccessionBusiness，anditsworld—widebattlings，throttlingsandintriguings:notDismalSwamp，underacoverlidofLondonFog，couldbeuglier！ASectionof"History"socalled，whichhumannatureshrinksfrom；ofwhichtheextantgenerationalreadyknowsnothing，andisimpatientofhearinganything！Truly，OblivionisveryduetosuchanEpoch:andfrommefarbeittoawaken，beyondneed，itssordidBedlams，happilyextinct。ButwithoutLife—
　　element，noLifecanbeintelligible；andtillFriedrichandoneortwoothersareextricatedfromit，DismalSwampcannotbequitefilledin。Courage，reader！——OurConstitutionalHistorianmakesthisfartherreflection:——
　　"Englishmoneys，desperateRussianintrigues，TreatiesmadeandTreatiesbroken——IfinsteadofPragmaticSanctionwithelevenPotentatesguaranteeing，MariaTheresahadatthistimehad200，000
　　soldiersandafulltreasury（asPrinceEugeneusedtoadvisethelateKaiser），howdifferentmightithavebeenwithher，andwiththewholeworldthatfellupononeanother’sthroatsinherquarrel！SomeeightyearsofthemostdisastrousWar；andexceptthefallingofSilesiatoitsnewplace，noresultgainedbyit。
　　Waratanyrateinevitable，youobject？English—SpanishWarhavingbeenobligedtokindleitself；Frenchsuretofallin，ontheSpanishside；suretofalluponHanover，sosoonasbeatenatsea，andthustoinvolveallEurope？Well，itistoolikely。But，eveninthatcase，thepoorEnglishwouldhavegoneupontheirnecessarySpanishWar，bythedirectroadandwiththeireyesopen，insteadofsomnambulatingandstumblingoverthechimney—tops；andthesettlementmighthavecomefarsooner，andfarcheapertomankind。
　　——Nay，wearetoadmitthatthenewplaceforSilesiawas，likewise，theplaceappointeditbyjustHeaven；andFriedrich’stoowasanecessaryWar。HeavenmakesuseofShadow—huntingKaiserstoo；anditswaysinthismadworldarethroughthegreatDeep。"
　　THEYOUNGDESSAUERCAPTURESGLOGAU（MARCH9th）；THEOLD
　　DESSAUER，BYHISCAMPOFGOTTIN（APRIL2d），CHECKMATES
　　CERTAINDESIGNINGPERSONS。
　　MoneysomewhereherHungarianMajestyhasgot；thatisonethingevident。ShehasanactualArmyonfoot，"drawnoutofItaly，"orwhenceshecould；formidableArmy，saysrumor，andgettingwellequipped；——andherearethePandourPrecursorsofit，comingdownlikestorm—cloudsthroughtheGlatzvalleys；——nearlyfinishingtheWarforheratastroke，theotherday，hadaccidentfavored；——andhavethrownreinforcementof600intoNeisse。Friedrichisnotinsensibletothesethings；andamidsuchalarmsfromfarandfromnear，isbecomingeagertohave，atleast，Glogauinhishand。
　　Glogau，heisofopinion，couldnow，andshould，straightwaybedone。
　　Glogauisnotastrongplace；afteralltherepairing，itcouldstandlittlesiege，werewecarelessofhurtingit。ButWallisisobstinate；refusesFreeWithdrawal；willholdouttotheuttermost，thoughhismealisrunninglow。Hepretendsthereisreliefcoming；
　　reliefjustathand；andonce，inmidnighttime，"letsoffarocketandfiressixguns，"alarmingPrinceLeopoldasifreliefwerejustintheneighborhood。Atoughindustriousmilitaryman；stifftohispurpose，andnotwithoutshift。
　　Friedrichthinkstheplacemightbehadbyassault:"Opentrenches；
　　setyourbatteriesgoing，whichneednotinjuretheTown；needonlyalarmWallis，andTERRIFYit；then，undercoverofthisnoiseandfeintofcannonading，stormwithvigor。"Leopold，theYoungDessauer，iscautious；wantspetardsifhemuststorm，wantstwonewbattalionsifhemustopentrenches；——hegetstheserequisites，andisstillcunctatory。Friedrichhashimselfgotthenotion，"fromclearintelligence，"trueornot，thatrelieftoGlogauisactuallyonway；andundersuchimminences，Russianandother，insoticklishastateoftheworld，hebecomesmoreandmoreimpatientthatthisthingweredone。InthefirstweekofMarch，stillhurryingaboutoninspection—business，hewrites，fromfourorfivedifferentplaces（"MollwitznearBrieg"isoneofthem，aVillageweshallsoonknowbetter），NoteafterNotetoLeopold；
　　whostillmakesdifficulties，andisnotyetperfecttothelastfinishinhispreparations。"Preparations！"answersFriedrichimpatiently（dateMOLLWITZ，5thMARCH，thethirdorfourthimpatientNotehehassent）；andadds，justwhilequittingMollwitzforOhlau，thisPostscriptinhisownhand:——
　　P。S。"Iamsorryyouhavenotunderstoodme！Theyhave，inBohmen，aregularenterpriseonhandfortherescueofGlogau。IhaveInfantryenoughtomeetthem；butCavalryisquitewanting。
　　Youmusttherefore，withoutdelay，beginthesiege。Letusfinishthere，Iprayyou！"[Orlich，i。70。]
　　Andnextday，Monday6th，tocutthemattershort，hedespatcheshisGeneral—AdjutantGoltzinperson（thedistanceisaboveseventymiles），withthisNotewhollyinautograph，whichnothingvocalonLeopold’spartwillanswer:——
　　"OHLAU，6thMARCH。AsIamcertainlyinformedthattheEnemywillmakesomeattempt，Iherebywithalldistinctnesscommand，That，sosoonasthepetardsarecome[whichtheyare]，youattackGlogau。
　　AndyoumustmakeyourArrangement（DISPOSITION）formorethanoneattack；sothatifonefail，theothershallcertainlysucceed。
　　Ihopeyouwillputoffnolonger；——otherwisetheblameofallthemischiefthatmightariseoutoflongerdelaymustlieonyoualone。"[Ib。i。71。]
　　GoltzarrivedwiththisemphaticPiece，TuesdayEvening，afterhiscourseofseventymiles:thisdidatlastrouseourcautiousYoungDessauer；andsothereisnextobtainable，onmuchcompression，thefollowingauthenticExcerpt:——
　　"GLOGAU，8thMARCH，1741。HisDurchlauchtthePrinceLeopoldsummonedalltheGeneralsatnoon；andinformedthemThat，thisverynight，Glogaumustbewon。HegavethemtheirInstructionsinwriting:whereeachwastoposthimself；withwhatdetachments；
　　howtoproceed。TherearetobethreeAttacks:oneupstream，comingonwiththeRivertoitsright；onedownstream，Rivertoitsleft；andathirdfromthelandwardside，perpendiculartotheothertwo。Theverycaptainsthatshallgoforemostarespecified；
　　atwhathoureachistoleavequarters，sothatallbereadysimultaneously，waitinginthepostsassigned；——againstwhatpointstoadvanceoutofthese，andstormRampartandWall。Places，times，particulars，everythingisfixedwithmathematicalexactitude:
　　’Besteady，becorrect，especiallybesilent；andsofarasLawofNaturewillpermit，besimultaneous！WhenthebigsteepleofGlogaupealsMidnight，——Forward，withthefirststroke；withthesecond，muchmorewiththetwelfthstroke，beoneandallofyou，intheutmostsilence，advancing！And，underpainofdeath，twothings:
　　Notoneshottillyouarein；Noplunderingwhenyouare。’——Inthismanneristhesilentthree—sidedavalanchetobeletgo。
　　Whereupon"，saysmyDryasdust，"theGeneralsretired；andhad，foroneitem，theirfire—armsallcleanedandnew—loaded。"
　　[Helden—Geschichte，i。823；ii。165。]
　　WithoutplansofGlogau，andmoredetailandstudythanthereaderwouldconsentto，therecannoNarrativebegiven。GlogauhasRamparts，dueRing—fence，palisadedandrepairedbyWallis；
　　insideofthisisanoldTown—Wall，whichwillneedpetards:
　　thereareabout1，000menunderWallis，andaltogetherontheworks，nottocountamortarortwo，fifty—eightbigguns。
　　ThereadermustconceiveapoorTownunderblockade，inthewintrynight—time，withitstoughCountWallis；ill—offforthenecessariesoflife；Townshroudedindarkness，andcreepingquietlytoitsbed。Thisontheonehand:andontheotherhand，Prussianbattalionsmarchingup，at10o’clockorlater，withtheutmostsoftnessofstep；"takingpostbehindtheordinaryfield—
　　watches；"andatlength，allstandingranked，intheinvisibledark；silent，likemachinery，likeasleepingavalanche:Husht！——
　　Nosentryfromthewallsdreamsofsuchathing。"Twelve！"singsoutthesteepleofGlogau；andingrimwhisperthewordis，"VORWARTS！"andthethree—wingedavalancheisinmotion。
　　Theyreachtheirglacises，theirditches，coveredways，correctasmathematics；tearoutchevaux—de—frise，hewdownpalisades，inthegivennumberofminutes:Swift，yeRegiment’s—carpenters；
　　smiteyourbest！Fourcannon—shotdonowboomoutuponthem；
　　whichgohighovertheirheads，littledreaminghowcloseathandtheyare。Theglacisisthirtyfeethigh，ofstiffslope，andslipperywithfrost:nomatter，theavalanche，ledonbyLeopoldinperson，byMargrafKarltheKing’sCousin，byAdjutantGoltzandthechiefpersonages，rushesupwithstrangeimpetus；hewsdownasecondpalisade；surgesin；——Wallis’ssentriesextinct，ordriventotheirmainguards。Thereisasingularfireinthebesiegingparty。Forexample，FourGrenadiers，——IthinkofthisFirstColumn，whichsucceededsooner，certainlyoftheRegimentGlasenapp，——fourgrenadiers，owingtoslipperyorotheraccidents，inclimbingtheglacis，hadfallenafewstepsbehindthegeneralbody；andongettingtothetop，tookthewrongcourse，andrushedalongrightwardinsteadofleftward。Rightward，thefirstthingtheycomeuponisamassofAustriansstillrankedinarms；fifty—twomen，asitturnedout，withtheirCaptainoverthem。SlightstutterensuesonthepartoftheFourGrenadiers；buttheygiveoneanotherthehint，anddashforward:"Prisoners？"asktheysternly，asifallPrussiahadbeenattheirrear。Thefifty—two，inthedarkness，inthedangerandalarm，answer"Yes。"——"Pilearms，then！"Threeofthegrenadiersstandtoseethatdone；thefourthrunsoffforforce，andhappilygetsbackwithitbeforethecomedyhadbecometragicforhiscomrades。"Imustmakeacquaintancewiththesefourmen，"writesFriedrich，onhearingofit；andhedidrewardthembypresent，bypromotiontosergeantcy（toensigncyoneofthem），orwhatelsetheywerefitfor。GrenadiersofGlasenapp:thesearethemenFriedrichheardswearing—inunderhiswindow，onememorablemorningwhenheburstintotears！Athalf—pastTwelve，theRamparts，onallsides，areours。
　　TheGatesoftheTown，underaxeandpetard，canmakelittleresistance，toLeopold’sColumnortheothertwo。AholeissooncutintheTown—Gate，whereLeopoldis；andgallantWallis，whohadralliedbehindit，withhisArtillery—Generalandwhattheycouldgettogether，firesthroughtheopening，killsfourmen；butisthen（byorder，andnottillthen）firedupon，andobligedtodrawback，withhisArtillery—Generalmortallyhurt。Insideheattemptsanotherrally，some200withhim；andhereandthereperhapsahouse—windowtriestogiveshot；butitistonopurpose，nottheleaststandcanbemade。PoorWallisisrapidlysweptback，intotheMarket—place，intotheMainGuard—house；andtherepilesarms:
　　"Glogauyours，IhrHerren，andweprisonersofWar！"ThesteeplehadnotyetquitestruckOne。Herehasbeenagoodhour’s—work！
　　Glogau，asinadream，orhalfawake，andtimidlypeepingfrombehindwindow—curtains，findsthatitisaTowntaken。Glogaueasilyconsolesitself，Ihear，orevenisgenerallyglad；
　　Prussiandisciplinebeingsoperfect，andingressnowfreeforthenecessariesoflife。Therewasnoplundering；nottheleastinsult:
　　notownsmanwashurt；noteveninhouseswheresoldiershadtriedfiringfromwindows。ThePrussianBattalionsrendezvousintheMarket—place，andgopeaceablyabouttheirpatrolling，andotherbusiness；andmeddlewithnothingelse。Theylost，inkilled，tenmen；hadofkilledandwounded，forty—eight；theAustriansrathermore。[Orlich，i。75，78；Helden—Geschichte，
　　i。829；irreconcilableotherwise，insomeslightpoints。]
　　Walliswastohavebeensetfreeonparole；butwasnot，——inretaliationforsomeseverityofGeneralBrowne’sintheinterim（pickingupoftwoSilesianNoblemen，suspectedofPrussiantendency，andlockingtheminBrunnovertheHills），——andhadtogotoBerlin，tillthatwasrepaired。TothewoundedArtillery—Generaltherewaseverytendernessshown，buthediedinfewdays。——TheotherPrisonersweremarchedtotheCustrin—Stettinquarter；"andmanyofthemtookPrussianservice。"
　　AndthisistheScaladeofGlogau:ashiningfeatofthosedays；
　　whichhadgreatrumorintheGazettes，andoverallthethenfeverishNations，thoughithasnowfallendimagain，asfeatsdo。
　　Itsimportanceatthattime，itsutilitytoFriedrich’saffairs，wasundeniable；anditfilledFriedrichwiththehighestsatisfaction，andwithadmirationtooverflowing。Done9thMarch，1741；inonehour，theveryearliestoftheday。
　　GoltzpostedbacktoSchweidnitzwiththenews；gotthitherabout5P。M。；andwasreceived，naturally，withopenarms。Friedrichinpersonmarchedout，nextmorning，tomakeFEU—DE—JOIEandTE—DEUM—ing；——therewasRoyalLettertoLeopold，whichflamedthroughalltheNewspapers，andcanstillbereadininnumerableBooks；Letteromissibleinthisplace。WeremarkonlyhowpunctualtheKingis，torewardinmoneyaswellaspraise，andnotthehighonly，butthelowthathaddeserved:toPrinceLeopoldhepresents2，000pounds；toeachprivatesoldierwhohadbeenofthestorm，sayhalfaguinea，——doublingandquadrupling，inthespecialcases，toashighastwentyguineas，ofourpresentmoney。TotheoldGazetteers，andtheirreaderseverywhere，thisofGlogauisaveryeffulgentbusiness；burstingoutonthem，likesuddenBude—light，intheuncertainstagnancyandexpectancyofmankind。FriedrichhimselfwritesofittotheOldDessauer:——
　　"ThemoreIthinkoftheGlogaubusiness，themoreimportantIfindit。PrinceLeopoldhasachievedtheprettiestmilitarystroke（DIE
　　SCHONSTEACTION）thathasbeendoneinthisCentury。FrommyheartIcongratulateyouonhavingsuchaSon。Inboldnessofresolution，inplan，inexecution，itisalikeadmirable；andquitegivesaturntomyaffairs。"[Date，13thMarch，1741（Orlich，i。77）。]
　　Andindeed，itisaperfectexampleofPrussiandiscipline，andmilitaryqualityinallkinds；suchasitwouldbedifficulttomatchelsewhere。Mostpotentlycorrect；comingouteverywherewiththecompletenessandexactitudeofmathematics；andhasinitsuchafundofmartialfire，notonlyreadytoblazeout（whichcanbeexampledelsewhere），butcapableofbottlingitselfIN，andoflyingsilentlyready。Whichismuchrarer；andveryessentialinsoldiering！DuealittletotheOLDDessauer，maywenotsay，aswellastotheYoung？FriedrichWilhelmisfallensilent；buthisheavylabors，andmilitaryandotherdrillingstoPrussianmankind，stillspeakwithanaudiblevoice。
　　AboutthreeweeksafterthisofGlogau，LeopoldtheOldDessauer，overinBrandenburg，doesanotherthingwhichisimportanttoFriedrich，andofgreatrumorintheworld。Stepsout，namely，withaforceof36，000men，horse，footandartillery，completelyequippedinallpoints；andtakesCamp，atthisearlyseason，ataplacecalledGottin，notfarfromMagdeburg，handyatonceforSaxonyandforHanover；andcontinuesthereencamped，——"merelyforreviewpurposes。"ReaderscanfigurewhatanastonishmentitwastoKur—SachsenandBritishGeorge；andhowitstruckthewindoutoftheirRussianPartition—Dream，andawokethemtoasenseoftheawfulfact！——Capableofbeingslitinpieces，andthemselvespartitioned，ataday’swarning，asitwere！ItwasonApril2d，thatLeopold，withthefirstdivisionofthe36，000，plantedhisflagnearGottin。Nodoubtitwasthe"detestableProject"thathadbroughthimout，atsoearlyaseasonfortent—life，andnobodycouldthenguesswhy。Hesteadilyparadedhere，allsummer；
　　keepinghis36，000wellindrill，sincetherewasnothingelseneededofhim。
　　TheCampatGottinflamedgreatlyabroadthroughthetimorousimaginationsofmankind，thatYear；andintheNewspapersaremanydetailsofit。And，besidestheimportantgeneralfact，thereisstillonelittlepointworthspecialmention:namely，thatoldField—marshalKatte（FatherofpoorLieutenantKattewhomweknew）
　　wasofit；andperhapsevengothisdeathbyit:"ChiefCommanderoftheCavalryhere，"suchhonorhadhe；butdiedathispost，inacoupleofmonths，"atRekahn，May31st；"[Militair—
　　Lexikon，ii。254。]pooroldgentleman，perhapsunequaltothehardshipsoffield—lifeatsoearlyaseasonoftheyear。
　　FRIEDRICHTAKESTHEFIELD，WITHSOMEPOMP；GOESINTOTHEMOUNTAINS，——BUTCOMESFASTBACK。
　　AtGlogautherewasHomaging，ontheverymorrowafterthestorm；
　　onthesecondday，thesuperfluousregimentsmarchedoff:nowantofvigorousactivitytosettlemattersontheirnewfootingthere。
　　GeneralKalkstein（Friedrich’soldTutor，whomreadershaveforgottenagain）istobeCommandantofGlogau；anofficeofhonor，whichcanbedonebydeputyexceptincasesofrealstress。
　　Theplaceistobethoroughlynew—fortified，——whichimportantpointtheycommittoEngineerWallrave，astrong—headedheavy—builtDutchOfficer，longsinceacquiredtotheservice，onaccountofhisexcellenceinthatline；whodid，nowandafterwards，agreatdealofexcellentengineeringforFriedrich；butforhimself（beingofdeepstomachwithal，andoflifetoodissolute）madeatragicthingofitultimately。Aswillbeseen，ifwehaveleisure。
　　Insevenoreightdays，PrinceLeopoldhavingwounduphisGlogauaffairs，andcompletedthenewpreliminariesthere，joinstheKingatSchweidnitz。Inthehighestfavor，aswasnatural。KalksteinistotakeamainhandintheSiegeofNeisse；forwhichoperationitishopedtherewillsoonbeweather，ifnotfavorableyetsupportable。WhatoftheforcewassuperfluousatGlogauhadatoncemarchedoff，asweobserved；andisnowgettingre—distributedwhereneedful。Thereismuchshiftingabout；strengtheningofposts，givingupofposts:thewholeofwhichreadersshallimagineforthemselves，——exceptonlytwopointsthatareworthremembering:
　　FIRST，thatKalksteinwithabout12，000takespostatGrotkau，sometwenty—fivemilesnorthofNeisse，readytomoveon，andopentrenches，whenrequired:andSECOND，thatHolstein—BeckgetspostedatFrankenstein（chiefplaceofthatBaumgartenSkirmish），saythirty—fivemileswest—by—northofNeisse；andhassome8or10，000
　　HorseandFootthereabouts，spreadupanddown，——whowillbemuchwanted，andnotprocurable，onanoccasionthatiscoming。
　　FriedrichhasgivenuptheJablunkaPass；calledintheJablunkaandremoterposts；anxioustoconcentrate，beforetheEnemygetnigh。ThatistheKing’snotion；andsurelyareasonableone；
　　theAREAofthePrussianArmy，asIguessitfromtheMaps，beingabove2，000squaremiles，beginningatBreslauonly，andleavingoutGlogau。Schwerinthinksdifferently，butwithoutgoodbasis。
　　Bothareagreed，"TheAustrianArmycannottakethefieldtilltheforagecome，"tillthenewgrassspring，whichitscavalryfindconvenient。Thatisthefairsupposition；butinthatbotharemistaken，andSchwerinthemoredangerouslyofthetwo。——Meanwhile，thePandourswarmsareobservablygettingrifer，andofstormierquality；andtheyseemtoharborfarthertotheEastthanformerly，andnottocomealloutofGlatz。Whichperhapsaresymptomaticcircumstances？TheworsteffectofthesepreliminaryPandourcloudsis，Yourscout—servicecannotliveamongthem；theyhinderreconnoitring，andkeeptheEnemyveiledfromyou。OfthatsoremischiefFriedrichhad，firstandlast，ampleexperienceattheirhands！ThisisbutthefirstinstalmentofPandourstoFriedrich；
　　andthemereforetasteofwhattheycandointheveilingway。
　　BehindtheMountains，inthismanner，allisinanedarknesstoFriedrichandSchwerin。TheyknowonlythatNeippergisrendezvousingatOlmutz；andjudgethathewillstillspendmanyweeksuponit；therealfactsbeing:ThatNeipperg——"whoarrivedinOlmutzonthe10thofMarch，"theverydaywhileGlogauwashomaging——hasbeen，heandthoseabovehimandthoseunderhim，drivingpreparationsforwardatafuriousrate。ThatNeippergheld——IthinkatSteinberghishithermostpost，sometwentymileshitherofOlmutz——aCouncilofWar，"alltheGeneralsandevenLentulusfromGlatz，presentatit，"daynotgiven；wheretheunanimousdecisionwas，"Marchstraightway；saveNeisse，sinceGlogauisgone！"——andinfine，Thatonthe26th，Neippergtooktheroadaccordingly，"inspiteoffurioussnowblowinginhisface；"
　　andiseversince（30，000strong，saysrumor，butperhaps10，000ofthemmerePandours）unweariedlyclimbingtheMountains，laboriouslyjinglingforwardwithhisheavygunsandammunition—wagons；
　　"contendingwiththesteepsnowyicyroads；"intentuponsavingNeisse。Thisisthefact；profoundlyunknowntoFriedrichandSchwerin；whowillbemuchsurprised，whenitbecomespatenttothematthewrongtime。
　　SCHWEIDNITZ，27thMARCH。ThisdayFriedrich，withconsiderableapparatus，pompandprocessionalcymballing，greatlythereverseofhisulterioruseandwontinsuchcases，quittedSchweidnitzandhisAlgarottis；solemnlyopeningCampaigninthismanner；anddroveoffforOttmachau，havingworkthereforto—morrow。
　　TheSiegeofNeisseisnowtoproceedforthwith；trenchestobeopenedApril4th。Friedrichisstillofopinion，thathispostslietoowideapart；thatespeciallySchwerin，whoisspreadamongtheHillsinJagerndorfCountry，oughttocomedown，andtakecloserorderforcoveringthesiege。[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。70。]Schwerinanswers，ThatiftheKingwillsparehimareinforcementofeightsquadronsandninebattalions（say1，200
　　Horse，9，000Foot），hewillmaintainhimselfwhereheis，andnoEnemyshallgetacrosstheMountainsatall。ThatisSchwerin’snotion；whosurelyissomethingofajudge。Friedrichassents；willhimselfconductthereinforcementtoSchwerin，andsurveymatters，withhisowneyes，upyonder。FriedrichmarchesfromOttmachau，accordingly，29thMarch；——Kalkstein，Holstein—Beck，andothersaretoberendezvousedbeforeNeisse，intheinterim；trenchesreadyforopeningonthesixthdayhence；——andinthismanner，climbstheseMountains，andseesJagerndorfCountryforthefirsttime。
　　BeautifulblueworldofHills，ridgepiledonridgebehindthatNeisseregion；fruitfulvalleyslappedinthem，withgrimstoneCastlesandbusylittleTownsdisclosingthemselvesasweadvance:
　　thatisJagerndorfCountry，——whichUncleGeorgeofAnspach，hundredsofyearsago，purchasedwithhisownmoney；whichwehavenowcometolayholdofashisHeir！Friedrich，Ibelieve，thinkslittleofallthis，anddoesnotrememberUncleGeorgeatall。
　　Butsucharethefacts；andtheCountry，regardedornot，isveryblueandbeautiful，withtheSpringsunshiningonit；orwiththesuddenSpringstormsgatheringwildlyonthepeaks，asifforpermanentinvestiture，butvanishingagainstraightway，leavingonlyapowderingofsnow。
　　HemetSchwerinatNeustadt，half—waytoJagerndorf；whithertheyproceedednextday。"WhatnewshaveyouoftheEnemy？"wasFriedrich’sfirstquestion。Schwerinhasnonewswhatever；onlythattheEnemyisfaroff，hanginginlongthinstragglefromOlmutzwestward。"Ihaveaspyout，"saidSchwerin；"buthehasnotreturnedyet，"——noreverwill，hemighthaveadded。IfdiligentreaderswillnowtaketotheirMap，andattenddaybyday，aninvinciblePredecessorhascompelledwhatnextfollowsintohumanintelligibility，andintotheDiaryForm，fortheirbehoof；——
　　readersofanidlerturncanskip:butthisconfusedhurry—scurryofmarchesissuesinsomethingwhichallwillhavetoattendto。
　　"JAGERNDORF，2dAPRIL，1741。ThisisthedaywhentheOldDessauermakesappearancewiththefirstbrigadesofhisCampatGottin。
　　FriedrichissatisfiedwithwhathehasseenofJagerndorfmatters；
　　andintendsreturningtowardsNeisse，theretocommenceonthe4th。
　　Heisgivinghisfinalorders，andonthepointofsettingoff，when——SevenAustrianDeserters，’DragoonsofLichtenstein，’comein；andreport，ThatNeipperg’sArmyiswithinafewmiles！
　　Andscarcelyhadtheydoneansweringandexplaining，whensoundsriseofmusketryandcannon，fromouroutpostsonthatside；
　　intimatingthathereisNeipperg’sArmyitself。SeldominhislifewasFriedrichinanugliersituation。InJagerndorf，anopenTown，areonlysomethreeorfourthousandmen，’withthreefield—pieces，andasmuchpowderaswillchargethemfortytimes。’HappilytheseprovedonlythePandouroutskirtsofNeipperg’sArmy，scouringabouttoreconnoitre，andnotdifficulttobeat；therealbodyofitisascertainedtobeatFreudenthal，fifteenmilestowestward，southwestward；makingtowardsNeisse，itisguessed，bytheotherorwesternroad，whichisthenearertoGlatzandtotheAustrianforcethere。
　　"HadNeippergknownwhatwasinJagerndorf——！Buthedoesnotknow。
　　Hemarcheson，nextmorning，athisusualslowrate；widecloudsofPandoursaccompanyingandprecedinghim；skirmishinginuponallplaces[uponJagerndorf，forinstance，thoughfifteenmileswideoftheirroad]，toascertainifPrussiansarethere。OnecanjudgewhetherFriedrichandSchwerinwerethankfulwhenthehugealarmproducednothing！’Themountain，’asFriedrichsays，’gavebirthtoamouse；’——nayitwasa’mouse’ofessentialvitalusetoFriedrichandSchwerin；awarning，Thattheymustinstantlycollectthemselves，menandgoods；andbegoneoneandalloutoftheseparts，double—quicktowardsNeisse。NotnowwiththehopeofbesiegingNeisse，——farfromthat；——butofgettingtheirwide—
　　scatteredpoststogetherthereabouts，andescapingdestructionindetail！
　　"APRIL4th，HEAD—QUARTERSNEUSTADT。Byviolentexertion，withthesacrificeonlyofsomeremotelittlestorehouses，allisrendezvousedatJagerndorf，withintwodays；andthisdaytheymarch；KingandvanguardreachingNeustadt，sometwenty—fivemilesforward，sometwentystillfromNeisse。AtNeustadt，thepoststhathadstoodinthatneighborhoodareallassembled，andmarchwiththeKingto—morrow。OfNeipperg，exceptbytransitorycontactwithhisPandourclouds，theyhaveseennothing:hisroadisprettymuchparalleltotheirs，andsomefifteenmilesleftward，Glatzward；
　　goesthroughZuckmantel，Ziegenhals，straightuponNeisse。
　　[Zuckmantel，"Twitch—Cloak，"occursmorethanonceasaTown’snameinthoseregions:namewhich，saysmyDryasdustwithoutsmilevisible，itgotfromrobberiesdoneontravellers，"twitchingsofyourcloak，"withstand—and—deliver，asyoucrossthosewildmountainspaces。（Zeiller，BeschreibungdesKonigreichsBoheim，Frankfurt，1650；——aratherworthlessoldBook，liketherestofZeiller’sinthatkind。）]Neipperg’smenareweariedwiththelongclimboutofMahren；andhestrugglestowardsNeisseasthefirstobject；——holdinguponGlatzandLentuluswithhisleft。NumerousordershavebeenspeededfromtheKing’squarters，atJagerndorf，andhereatNeustadt；orderespeciallytoHolstein—BeckatFrankenstein，andtoKalksteinatGrotkau，Howtheyaretounite，firstwithoneanother；andthentocrossNeisseRiver，andunitewiththeKing，——towhichendthereisalreadyaBridgelaidforthem，orabouttobelaidingoodtime。
　　"APRIL5th，HEAD—QUARTERSSTEINAU。SteinauisalittleTowntwentymileseastofNeisse，ontheroadtoKosel[strongishplace，ontheOder，somefortymilesfarthereast]:hereFriedrich，withthemainbody，taketheirquarters；rearguardbeingstillatNeustadt。
　　TemporaryBridgethereis，readyorallbutready，atSorgau[twelvemilestonorthofus，onourleft]:bythisKalkstein，withhis10，000，comespunctuallyacross；whileotherbrigadesfromtheKoselsidearealsopunctualingettingin；whichisagreatcomfort:butofHolstein—Beckthereisnovestige，nordidthereeverappearany。Holstein，’whomnoneoftherepeatedorderssenthimcouldreach，’saysFriedrich，’remainedcomfortablyinhisquarters；andlookedattheEnemyrushingpasthimtorightandleft，withouttroublinghisheadwiththem。’[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。70。]Thetooeasy—mindedHolstein！
　　AustrianDesertersinformus，ThatGeneralNeippergarrivedto—daywithhisArmyinNeisse；andhastherebeenjoinedbyLentuluswiththeGlatzforce，chieflycavalry，agoodmanythousands。Wemaybeattacked，then，thisverynight，iftheyarediligent？Friedrichmarksoutgroundandplaninsuchcase，andhowandwhereeachistorankhimself。Therecamenothingofattack；butthepoorlittleVillageofSteinau，withsomanytroopsinitandbaggage—driversstumblingabout，takesfire；burnstoashes；’andwehadgreatdifficultyinsavingtheartilleryandpowderthroughthenarrowstreets，withthehousesallburningoneachhand。’"Fancyit，——andthepoorshriekinginhabitants；gonetosilencelongsincewiththeirshrieks，nottheleastwhisperleftofthem。"ThePrussiansbivouaconthefield，eachintheplacethathasbeenmarkedout。
　　Nightextremelycold。"
　　InthispoorSteinauwasaSchloss，whichalsowentupinfire；
　　disclosingcertainmysteriesofanalmostmythicalnaturetotheGermanPublic。ItwastheSchlossofaGrafinvonCallenberg，adreadfuloldDowagerofMedea—Messalinatype，who"alwaysworepistolsabouther；"pistols，andlatterly，withmoreandmoreconstancy，abrandy—bottle；——whohasbeenmuchonthetonguesofmenforagenerationback。HerrNussler（readersrecollectshiftyNussler）knewher，inthewayofbusiness，atonetime；withpity，ifalsowithhorror。Someweeksago，shewas，bytheAustrianCommandantatNeisse，summonedoutofthisSchloss，asincorrespondencewithPrussianOfficers:peasantsbreakingin，tiedherwithropestothebedwhereshewas；putbedandherintoafarm—cart，andinthatscandalousmannerdeliveredheratNeissetotheCommandant；bywhichadventure，anditsragesandunspeakabilities，thepooroldCallenbergissincedead。AndnowtheverySchlossisdead；andthereisfinistoahumandust—
　　vortex，suchasissometimesnoisyforatime。PerhapsNusslermayagainpassthatway，ifwewait。[Busching，Beitrage，ii。273etseqq。]
　　"APRIL6th，HEAD—QUARTERSFRIEDLAND。ToFriedlandonthe6th。，——anddonot，asexpected，getawaynextmorning。FriedlandistenmilesdowntheNeisse，whichmakesabendofnearninetydegreesoppositeSteinau；andrunsthencestraightnorthfortheOder，whichitreachessomedozenmilesormoreaboveBrieg。BothSteinauandFriedlandareagooddistancefromtheRiver；Friedland，thenearerofthetwo，withSorgauBridgedirectwestofit，isperhapseightmilesfromthatimportantstructure。There，beingnowtolerablyrendezvoused，andinstrengthforaction，FriedrichpurposestocrossNeisseRiverto—morrow；hopingperhapstomeetHolstein—Beck，andincorporatehim；anxious，atanyrate，togetbetweentheAustriansandOhlau，wherehisheavyArtillery，hisAmmunition，nottomentionotherindispensables，arelying。ThepeculiarityofNeippergatthistimeis，thatthegroundheoccupiesbearsnoproportiontothegroundhecommands。HisregularHorsearesupposedtobethebestintheworld；andofthePandourkind，wholive，horseandman，mainlyuponnothing（whichmeansupontheft），hissuppliesareunlimited。Hesitslikeavolcanicreservoir，therefore，notlikeacommonfireofsuchandsuchintensityandpowertoburn；——caststheashesofhim，onallsides，tomanymilesdistance。
　　"FRIDAY7thAPRIL，FRIEDLAND（stillHead—quarters）。Unluckily，ontrying，thereisnopassagetobehadatSorgau。TheOfficeronchargetherestillholdstheBridge，buthasbeenobligedtobreakawaythefartherendofit；’LentulusandDragoons，severalthousandsstrong’（suchisthereport），havingtakenpostthere。
　　FriedrichcommandsthattheBridgebereinstated；field—piecestodefendit；PrinceLeopoldtocross，andcleartheways。AllFriday，FriedrichwaitingatFriedland，wasspentinthesedetails。
　　LeopoldindueforcestartedforSorgau，himselfwithCavalryinthevan；Leopolddidstormacross，andgochargingandfencing，somespace，ontheotherside；but，seeingthatitwasintruthLentulus，andDragoonswithoutlimit，hadtosendreportaccordingly；andthentowindhimselftothissideagain，onneworderfromtheKing。Whatistobedone，then？Hereisnocrossing。
　　FriedrichdecidestogodowntheRiver；hehimselftoLowen，perhapsneartwentymilesfartherdown，butwherethereisaBridgeandHighwayleadingover；PrinceLeopold，withtheheavierdivisionsandbaggages，toMichelau，somemilesnearer，andtheretobuildhisPontoonsandcross。Whichwaseffected，withsuccess。
　　Andso，"SATURDAY，8thAPRIL，Withgreatpunctuality，theKingandLeopoldmetatMichelau，bothwellacrosstheNeisse。HereonPontoons，Leopoldhadgotacrossaboutnoon；andpreciselyashewasfinishing，theKing’sColumn，whichhadcrossedatLowen，andcomeuptheleftbankagain，arrived。TheKing，muchcontentwithLeopold’sbehavior，nominateshimGeneralofInfantry，astagehigherinpromotion，thereandthen。BriegBlockadeis，asnatural，givenup；theBlockadingBodyjoiningwiththeKing，thismorning，whilehepassedthatway。FromHolstein—Becknottheleastwhisper，——nortohim，ifweknewit。
　　"NeipperghasquittedNeisse；butwalksinvisiblewithincloudsofPandours；nothingbutguessingastoNeipperg’smotions。
　　Rightlyswift，audawaketohisbusiness，Neippergmighthavedone，mightstilldo，astrokeuponushere。Buthetakesiteasy；
　　marcheshardlyfivemilesaday，sincehequittedNeisseagain。
　　FromMichelau，Friedrichforhispartturnssouthwestward，inquestofHolsteinandotherinterests；marchestowardsGrotkau，notintendingmuchfartherthatnight。Thicksnowblowingintheirfaces，nothingtobeseenahead，thePrussiancolumntrampsalong。
　　[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。156。]InLeipe，alittleHamletsidewardsoftheroad，shortwayfromGrotkau，ourHussarVanguardhadfoundAustrianHussars；capturedforty，andfromthemlearnedthattheAustrianArmyisinGrotkau；thattheytookGrotkauhalfanhourbefore，andarethere！ApoorLieutenantMitschepfal（whomIthinkFriedrichusedtoknowinReinsberg）layinGrotkau，’withsomesixtyrecruitsanddeserters，’saysFriedrich，——andwithseveralhundredsofcamp—laborers（intendedforthetrenches，whichwillnotnowbeopened）:——Mitschepfalmadeastoutdefence；but，afterthreehoursofit，hadtogivein:andthereisnothingnowforusatGrotkau。’Halt，’therefore！NeippergisevidentlypushingtowardsOhlau，towardsBreslau，thoughinaleisurelyway；thereitwillbehooveustogetthestartofhim，ifhumanlypossible:Totherightabout，therefore，withoutdelay！
　　ThePrussiansrepassLeipe（muchtothewonderofitssimplepeople）；getalong，somesevenmilesfarther，ontheroadforOhlau；andquarter，thatnight，inwhathandyvillagesthereare；
　　theKing’sCorpsintwoVillages，whichhecalls’PogrelandAlsen，’"——whicharetobefoundstillontheMapas"PogarellandAlzenau，"ontheroadfromLowentowardsOhlau。
　　ThisistheendofthatMarchintotheMountains，withNeisseSiegehangingtriumphantahead。ThesearetheKing’squarters，thiswintrySpringnight，Saturday，8thApril，1741；anditistobeguessedthereismoreofcarethanofsleepprovidedforhimthere。
　　Seldom，inhislife，wasFriedrichinamorecriticalposition；
　　andhewellknowsit，nonebetter。Andcouldhavehisremorsesuponit，——weretheseoftheleastuseinpresentcircumstances。HerearetwoLetterswhichhewrotethatnight；veiling，weperceive，averygrimworldofthoughts；betokening，however，amindmadeup。
　　Jordan，PrinceAugustWilhelmHeir—Apparent，andotherfineindividualswhoshoneintheSchweidnitzcirclelately，areinBreslau，safeshelteredagainstthisbadjuncture；Maupertuiswasnotsoluckyastogowiththem。
　　THEKINGTOPRINCEAUGUSTWILHELM（inBreslau）。
　　"POGARELL，8thApril，1741。
　　"MYDEARESTBROTHER，——TheEnemyhasjustgotintoSilesia；wearenotmorethanamile（QUARTDEMILLE）fromthem。To—morrowmustdecideourfortune。
　　"IfIdie，donotforgetaBrotherwhohasalwayslovedyouverytenderly。IrecommendtoyoumymostdearMother，myDomestics，andmyFirstBattalion[LIFEGUARDOFFOOT，menpickedfromhisownoldRuppinRegimentandfromthedisbandedGiants，starofalltheBattalions]。[SeePreuss，i。144，iv。309；Nicolai，
　　BeschreibungvonBerlin，iii，1252。]EichelandSchuhmacher[TwooftheThreeClerks]areinformedofallmytestamentarywishes。Remembermealways，you；butconsoleyourselfformydeath:thegloryofthePrussianArms，andthehonoroftheHousehavesetmeinaction，andwillguidemetomylastmoment。
　　YouaremysoleHeir:Irecommendtoyou，indying，thosewhomI
　　havethemostlovedduringmylife:Keyserling，Jordan，Wartensleben；Hacke，whoisaveryhonestman；Fredersdorf[Factotum]，andEichel，inwhomyoumayplaceentireconfidence。
　　Ibequeath8，000crowns（1，200pounds，whichIhavewithme，tomyDomestics；butallthatIhaveelsewheredependsonyou。ToeachofmyBrothersandSistersmakeapresentinmyname；athousandaffectionateregards（AMITIESETCOMPLIMENTS）tomySisterofBaireuth。YouknowwhatIthinkontheirscore；andyouknowbetterthanIcouldtellyou，thetendernessandallthesentimentsofmostinviolablefriendshipwithwhichIam，dearestBrother，"YourfaithfulBrotherandServanttilldeath，"FEDERIC。"
　　[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvi。85；ListofFriedrich’sTestamentaryarrangementsinNotethere，——Sixinall，atdifferenttimes，besidesthis。]
　　THEKINGTOM。JORDAN（inBreslau）。
　　"POGARELL，8thApril，1741。
　　"MyDEARJORDAN，———Wearegoingtofightto—morrow。Thouknowestthechancesofwar；thelifeofKingsnotmoreregardedthanthatofprivatepeople。Iknownotwhatwillhappentome。
　　"Ifmydestinyisfinished，rememberafriend，wholovestheealwaystenderly:ifHeavenprolongmydays，Iwillwritetotheeafterto—morrow，andthouwilthearofourvictory。Adieu，dearfriend；Ishalllovetheetilldeath。
　　"FEDERIC。"
　　[Ib。xvii。98。]
　　TheKing，weincidentallydiscoversomewhere，"hadnosleepthatnight；"none，"northenextnighteither，"——suchacrisiscoming，stillnotcome。
　　ChapterX。
　　BATTLEOFMOLLWITZ。
　　"To—morrow，"Sunday，didnotprovetheDayofFight，afterall。
　　Beingadayofwilddriftingsnow，sothatyoucouldnotseetwentypaces，therewasnothingforitbuttositquiet。TheKingmakesallhisdispositions；sketchesoutpunctually，tothelastitem，whereeachistostationhimself，howtheArmyistoadvanceinFourColumns，readyforNeippergwhereverhemaybe，——towardsOhlauatanyrate，whitheritisnotdoubtedNeippergisbent。