Lobkowitzheardofit，inspiteoftheshutgates；forallPragisagainstBelleisle，anddoesspy—workforLobkowitz。’Lethimforage，’thoughtLobkowitz；’hewillnotgrowrichbywhathegathers；’andsatstill，leavinghispontoonshighanddry。SothatBelleisle，ontheafternoonofDecember16th，——between12and14，000men，near4，000ofthemcavalry，withcannon，withprovision—wagons，baggage—wagons，goodsandchattelsinmass，——hasissuedthroughthetwoSouthwesternGates；andfindshimselffairlyoutofPrag。OnthePilsenroad；aboutnightfalloftheshortwinterday:earthallsnowand’VERGLAS，’ironglazed；hugeolive—
　　coloredcurtainsoftheDuskgoingdownupontheMountainsaheadofhim；shuttinginascenewhollygrimforBelleisle。
　　BrigadierChevert，adistinguishedanddeterminedman，withsome4，000sick，convalescentandhalfable，isleftinPragtomantheworks；theMarechalhastakenhostages，twentyNotabilitiesofPrag；andneglectednoprecaution。HemeanstowardsEger；has，atleast，gotonemarchahead；andwilldowhatisinhim，heandeverysoulofthose14，000。Theofficershavegiventheirhorsesforthebaggage—wagons，madeeverysacrifice；thewordHomewardskindlesastrangefireinallhearts；andthetroops，saymyFrenchauthorities，areunsurpassable。TheMarechalhimself，victimofrheumatisms，cannotrideatall；buthashislightsledgealwaysharnessed；and，atamoment’snotice，ispresenteverywhere。
　　Sleep，duringthesetendaysandnights，hehaslittle。
　　"Egeris100milesoff，bytheshortestHighway:therearetwobadHighways，onebyPilsensoutherly，onebyKarlsbadnortherly，——withtheirbridgesallbroken，infestedbyHussars:——westrikeintoamiddlecombinationofcountryroads，intricateparishlanes；
　　andmarchzigzagacrossthesefrozenwildernesses:wemustdodgetheseFestititzHussarswarms；andcrosstheriversneartheirsprings。Forward！Perhapssomereaders，forthehighBelleisle’ssake，willlookouttheselocalitiessubjoinedintheNote，andreducedtospelling。[Tachlowitz，Lischon（nearRakonitz）；Jechnitz（asifyouwereforthePilsenroad；thenturnasiffortheKarlsbadone）；Steben（notdiscoverable，butaDESPATCHfromit，——Campagnes，v。280），Chisch，Luditz，Theysing（hereaboutsyoubreakoffintosmallercolumns，separatepartiesandpatches，cavalryallahead，amongtheHills）:SchonthalANDLandeck（BelleislepassesChristmas—dayatLandeck，——
　　Campagnes，vii。10）；Einsiedel（ANDbyPetschau），Lauterbach，Konigswart，ANDlikewisebyTopl，Sandau，Treunitz（thatis，intoEgerfromtwosides）。]Resting—placesinthisgrimwildernessofhis:poorsnow—cladHamlets，——withtheirlittlehoodofhumansmokerisingthroughthesnow；silentallofthem，exceptforthesoundofhereandthereaflail，orcrowingcock；——buthavebeenawakenedfromtheirtorporbythistransitofBelleisle。
　　Happilythebogsthemselvesareiron；deepestbogwillbear。
　　"Festititztriesustwice，——veryanxioustogetBelleisle’sArmy—
　　chest，ormoney；wegivehimtorrentsofsharpshotinstead。
　　Festititz，thesetwochieftimes，wepepperrapidlyintotheHillsagain；heisreducedtohangprancingonourflanksandrear。
　　Menbivouacoverfiresofturf，amidsnow，amidfrost；teardown，howgreedily，anywood—workforfire。Leaveatrumpettobegquarterforthefrozenandspeechless；——whichislittlerespected:
　　theyareluggedincarts，striptbythesavageries，andcruellyused。Therewerefirstextensiveplains，thenboggypasses，intricatemouutains；bogandrock；snowandVERGLAS。——Onthe26th，afterindescribableendeavors，wegotintoEger；——some1，300（aboutoneinten）leftfrozeninthewilderness；andhalftheArmyfallingillatEger，ofswollenlimbs，sore—throats，andotherfatalerdiseases，fatalthen，orsoonafter。Chevert，atPrag，refusedsummonsfromPrinceLobkowitz:’No，MONPRINCE；notbyanymeans！Wewilldie，everymanofus，first；andwewillburnPragwithal！’——SothatLobkowitzhadtoconsenttoeverything；
　　andescortCheverttoEger，withbagandbaggage，Lobkowitzfurnishingthewagons。
　　"ComparabletotheRetreatofXenophon！crymany。EveryRetreatiscomparedtothat。Avaliantfeat，afterallexaggerations。Athingwelldone，saymilitarymen；——’nothingtoobject，exceptthatthetroopsweresoruined；’——andthemostunmilitarymaysee，itistheworkofahighandgallantkindofman。Oneofthecoldestexpeditionseverknown。Therehavebeenthreeexpeditionsorretreatsofthiskindwhichwereverycold:thatofthoseSwedesintheGreatElector’stime（nottomentionthatofKarlXII。’sArmyoutofNorway，afterpoorKarlXII。gotshot）；thatofNapoleonfromMoscow；thisofBelleisle，whichistheonlyonebrilliantlyconducted，andnotendinginroutandannihilation。
　　"ThetroopsrestinEgerforaweekortwo；thenhomewardthroughtheOber—Pfalz:——’goallacrosstheRhineatSpeyer’（5thFebruarynext）；theBohemianSectionoftheOriflammemakingexitinthismanner。Notquitetheeighthmanofthemleft；five—eighthsaredead:andthereareabout12，000prisoners，gonetoHungary，——whoranmostlytotheTurks，suchtreatmenthadthey，andwerenotheardofagain。"[GuerredeBoheme，ii。221
　　（forthislastfact）。IB。204，andEspagnac，i。176（forparticularsoftheRetreat）；andstillbetter，Belleisle’sownDespatchandPrivateLetter（Eger，2dJanuaryand5thJanuary，1743），inCampagnes，vii。1—21。]——
　　Ah，Belleisle，Belleisle！
　　TheArmyoftheOriflammegetshomeinthissadmanner；GermanynotcutinFouratall。"ImplacableAustrianbadgers，"aswecallthem，"gloomilyindignantbears，"howhavetheyservedthisfineFrenchhunting—pack；andfromhuntedarebecomehunters，verydangeroustocontemplate！AtFrankfurt，Belleisle，forhisownpart，pauses；
　　cannot，inthisentirelydown—brokenstateofbody，servehisMajestyfartherinthemilitarybusiness；willdosomeneedfuldiplomaticswiththeKaiser，andretirehometogovernmentofMetz，tillhisworn—outhealthrecoveritselfalittle。
　　AGLANCEATVIENNA，ANDTHENATBERLIN。
　　PrinceKarlhadbeenbusyuponBraunau（theBAVARIANBraunau，nottheBOHEMIANoranother，Seckendorf’schiefpostontheInn）；
　　hadfuriouslybombardedBraunau，withred—hotballs，forsomedays；
　　[2d—10thDecember（Espagnac，i。171）。]intenttoexplodetheSeckendorf—Broglioprojectsbeforewinterquitecame。Seckendorf，inafinefrenzy，callstoBroglio，"Help！"andagaincalls；bothKaiserandhe，CRESCENDOtoahighpitch，beforeBrogliowillcome。
　　"RelieveBraunau？Well；——butnofightingfarther，markyou！"
　　answersBroglio。TothedisgustofKaiserandSeckendorf；whowereeagerforacombinedmovement，andheartyattackonPrinceKarl，withperhapscaptureofPassauitself。AtsightofBroglioandSeckendorfcombined，PrinceKarldidatoncewithdrawfromBraunau；
　　butastoattackinghim，——"NON；MILLEFOIS，NON！"answeredBrogliodisdainfullybellowing。FirstgrandquarrelofBroglioandSeckendorf；bynomeanstheirlast。PrinceKarlputhismeninwinter—quarters，inthosePassauregions；postponingtheexplosionoftheBroglio—Seckendorfprojects，tillSpring；andreturnedtoViennafortheWintergayetiesandbusinessesthere。HowthehighMariaTheresaiscontented，Idonothear；——readersmaytakethisNote，whichisauthentic，thoughvague，andstragglingoverwidespacesoftimestillfuture。
　　"DoesherMajestystillthinkof’takingthecommandofherArmiesonherself，’highAmazonthatsheis！"Hasnotyetthoughtofthat，Ishouldguess。"Atonetimeshedidseriouslythinkofit，saysagoodwitness；whichisnoteworthy。[Podewils，DerWienerHof（CourtofVienna，intheyears1746，1747and1748；acurioussetofREPORTSforFriedrich’sinformation，byPodewils，hisMinisterthere）；printedunderthatTitle，"bytheImperialAcademyofSciences"（Wien，1850）；——maybeworthalludingtoagain，ifchanceoffer。]HerHusbandhasbeenwiththeArmies，once，twice；butnevertomuchpurpose（BrotherKarldoingthework，ifworkweredone）；——andthisisaboutthelasttime，orthelastbutone，thisinWinter1742。ShelovesherHusbandthoroughly，allalong；butgiveshimnoshareinbusiness，findingheunderstandsnothingexceptBanking。ItiscertainshechieflywasthereformerofherArmy，"inyearscoming；"she，athwartmanyimpediments。Anardentrider，oftenonhorseback，atpacesfuriouslyswift；herbeautifulfacetannedbytheweather。
　　Verydevouttoo；honesttothebone，athwartallherprejudices。
　　SinceourownElizabeth！noWoman，andhardlyaboveoneMan，isworthbeingnamedbesideherasaSovereignRuler；——sheis’alivingcontradictionoftheSalicLaw，’sayheradmirers。
　　DependsonEnglandformoney，AllheartsandrighthandsinAustriaarehers。ThelossofSchlesien，purehighwayrobbery，thrice—
　　dolefullossanddisgrace，ranklesincurableinthenobleheart，pioustoitsFatherswithal，andtotheirHeritagesintheworld，——weshallseewithwhatissues，forthenexttwentyyears，tothat’BOSEMANN，’unpardonably’wickedman’ofBrandenburg。Andindeed，totheendofherlife，shenevercouldgetoverit。Tothelast，theysay，ifaStranger，gettingaudience，weregraciouslyasked，’FromwhatCountry，then？’andshouldanswer，’Schlesien，yourMajesty！’shewouldburstintotears。——’Patience，highMadam！’
　　urgestheBritannicMajesty:’Patience；maynottherebecompensation，ifwehuntwell？’"Austrianbears，implacablebadgers，withBritannicmastiffshelping，nowthattheBelleislePackisdown！——
　　AtBerlinitwasgayCarnival，whilethosetragedieswenton:
　　FriedrichwasopeninghisOpera—House，enjoyingthefirstballets，whileBelleislefiledoutofPragthatgloomyevening。OurpoorKaiserwillnot"retainBohemia，"then；howfarfromit！ThethingisnotcomfortabletoFriedrich；butwhathelp？
　　ThisisthegayestCarnivalyetseeninBerlin，thisimmediatelyfollowingthePeace；everybodysayingtohimselfandothers，"GAUDEAMUS，WhataSeason！"Notthat，inthepresenthurryofaffairs，Icandwellonoperas，assemblies，balls，sledge—parties；
　　orindeedhavetheleastwordtosayonsuchmatters，beyondsuggestingthemtotheimaginationofreaders。Theoperas，thecarnivalgayeties，theintricateconsiderationsanddiplomaciesofthisWinter，atBerlinandelsewhere，maybefigured:buthereisonelittlespeck，alsofromtheArchives，whichisworthsaving。
　　PrincessUlriqueisinhertwenty—thirdyear，PrincessAmeliainhertwentieth；beautifulclevercreatures，both；Ulriquethemorestaidofthetwo。"NeversawsogayaCarnival，"saideverybody；
　　andintheheightofit，withallmannerofgayetiesgoingon，——
　　thinkwherethedaintylittleshoeshavebeenpinching！
　　PRINCESSESULRIQUEANDAMELIATOTHEKING。
　　BERLIN，"1stMarch，1743。
　　"MYDEARESTBROTHER，——IknownotifitisnottooboldtotroubleyourMajestyonprivateaffairs:butthegreatconfidencewhichmySister[Amelia]andIhaveinyourkindnessencouragesustolaybeforeyouasincereavowalastothestateofourbitsoffinances（NOSPETITESFINANCES），whichareagooddealderangedjustnow；
　　therevenueshaving，fortwoyearsandahalfpast，beenrathersmall；amountingtoonly400crowns（60pounds）ayear；whichcouldnotbemadetocoverallthelittleexpensesrequiredintheadjustmentsofladies。Thiscircumstance，addedtoourcard—
　　playing，thoughsmall，whichwecouldnotdispensewith，hasledusintodebts。Mineamountto225pounds（1，500crowns）；mySister’sto270pounds（1，800crowns）。
　　"WehavenotspokenofittotheQueen—Mother，thoughwearewellsureshewouldhavetriedtoassistus；butasthatcouldnothavebeendonewithoutsomeinconveniencetoher，andshewouldhaveretrenchedinsomeofherownlittleentertainments，IthoughtweshoulddobettertoapplydirecttoYourMajesty；beingpersuadedyouwouldhavetakenitamiss，hadwedeprivedtheQueenofhersmallestpleasure；——andespecially，asweconsideryou，mydearBrother，theFatheroftheFamily，andhopeyouwillbesograciousashelpus。WeshallneverforgetthekindactsofYourMajesty；
　　andwebegyoutobepersuadedoftheperfectandtenderattachmentwithwhichweareproudtobeallourlives，——YourMajesty’smosthumbleandmostobedientSistersandServants，"LOUISE—ULRIQUE；ANNE—AMELIE
　　[whichlatteraddsanxiouslyasPostscript，Ulriquehavingwrittenhitherto]，"P。S。ImosthumblybegYourMajestynottospeakofthistotheQueen—Mother，asperhapsshewouldnotapproveofthestepwearenowtaking。"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。
　　i。387。]
　　Poorlittlesouls；bankruptcyjustimminent！IhavenodoubtFriedrichcamehandsomelyforwardonthisgraveoccasion，thoughDryasdusthasnotthegracetogivemetheleastinformation。——
　　"FredericBaronTrenck，"loud—soundingPhantasmoncefamousintheworld，nowgonetotheNurseriesasmythical，wasofthisCarnival1742—43；andofthenext，andNOTofthenextagain！Atallactualityinthattime；swaggeringaboutinsumptuousLife—guarduniform，inhismess—roomsandassembly—rooms；muchinlovewithhimself，thefool。AndIratherthink，inspiteofhisdoginsinuations，neitherPrincesshadheardofhimtilltwentyyearshence，inaverydifferentphasisofhislife！Theempty，noisy，quasi—tragicfellow；——soundsthroughoutquasi—tragically，likeanemptybarrel；well—built，longingtobeFILLED。Anditisscandalouslyfalse，whatloudTrenckinsinuates，whatstupidThiebault（alwaysstupid，incorrect，andthepreyofstupidities）
　　confirms，astothismatter，——fitonlyfortheNurseries，tillitceasealtogether。
　　VOLTAIRE，ATPARIS，ISMADEIMMORTALBYAKISS。
　　VoltaireandthedivineEmiliearehometoCireyagain；thatofBrussels，withtheRoyalAachenExcursion，hasbeenonlyaninterlude。Theyreturned，byslowstages，visitaftervisit，inOctoberlast，——someslakeoccurring，Isuppose，inthatinterminableHonsbruckLawsuit；andmuchbusiness，nottospeakofennui，urgingthemback。TheyarenowlatterlyinParisitself，safeintheirown"littlepalace（PETITPALAIS）atthepointoftheIsle；"littlejewelofahouseontheIsleSt。Louis，whichtheyarewarmingagain，afterlongabsenceinBrusselsandthebarbarouscountries。Theyhavereturnedhither，onsufferance，ongoodbehavior；multitudesofsmallinterests，smalltous，greattothem，——deathofoldFleury，hopefulchangesofMinistry，nottospeakoftheatricalsandthelike，——givingopportunityandinvitation。Madame，weobserve，ismarryingherDaughter:thehappymanaDukeofMontenero，ill—builtNeapolitan，complexionrhubarb，andfaceconsistingmuchofnose。[LetterofVoltaire，in
　　OEuvres，lxxiii24。]Madameneverwantsforbusiness；
　　businessenough，wereitonlyinthewayofshopping，visiting，consultinglawyers，doingthePureSciences。
　　AstoVoltaire，hehas，asusual，Playstogetacted，——ifhecan。
　　MAHOMET，no；MORTDECESAR，yesORno；fortheAuthoritiesareshy，inspiteofthePublic。OnePlayVoltairedidgetacted，withasuccess，——thinkofit，reader！TheexquisiteTragedyMEROPE，perhapsnowhardlyknowntoyou；ofwhichyoushallhearanon。
　　ButPlaysarenotall。OldPleurybeingdead，thereisagainaVacancyintheAcademy；placeamongthesacredForty，——vacantforVoltaire，ifhecangetit。Voltaireattachesendlessimportancetothisplace；beautifulasafeatherinone’scap；usefulalsotothesolitaryIshmaelofLiterature，whowillnowinacertainsensehaveThirty—nineComrades，andatleastonefixedHouse—of—Callinthisworld。Infine，nothingcanbemoreardentthanthewishofM。deVoltaireforthesesupremefelicities。TobeoftheForty，togethisPlaysacted，——oh，thenweretheSaturnianKingdomscome；
　　andamanmightsingIOTRIUMPHE，andtakehiseaseintheCreation，moreorless！Stealthily，asifonshoesoffelt，——asifonpawsofvelvet，witheyesluminous，tailbushy，——hewalkswarily，allenergiescompressivelysummoned，towardsthathighgoal。Hush，steady！Mayyousooncatchthatbitofsavoryred—
　　herring，then；worthiestofthehumanfelinetribe！——AstothePlayMEROPE，hereisthenotablepassage:
　　"PARIS，WEDNESDAY，20thFEBRUARY，1743。FirstnightofMEROPE；
　　whichraisedtheParisPublicintotransports，sothattheyknewnotwhattodo，toexpresstheirfeelings。’Author！M。deVoltaire！
　　Author！’shoutedthey；summoningtheAuthor，whatisnowsocommon，butwasthenanunheard—oforiginality。’Author！Author！’Author，poorblushingcreature，laysquattedsomewhere，anddurstnotcome；
　　wasferretedout；producedintheLadyVillars’sBox，——DowagerMARECHALEDEVILLARS，andherSon’sWifeDUCHESSEDEVILLARS，beingthere；knownfriendsofVoltaire’s。BetweentheseTwohestandsduckingsomekindofbow；uncertain，embarrassedwhattodo；withaTheatreallinrapturousdeliriumroundhim，——uncertainittoo，butnotembarrassed。’Kisshim！MADAMELADUCHESSEDEVILLARS，EMBRASSEZVOLTAIRE！’Yes，kisshim，fairDuchess，inthenameofFrance！shoutallmortals；——andtheyoungerLadyhastodoit；
　　doesitwithacharminggrace；urgedbyMadamelaMarechalehermother—in—law。[Duvernet（T。J。D。V。），ViedeVoltaire，p。128；Voltairehimself，OEuvres，ii。142；Barbier，ii。358。]Ah，andMadamelaMarechalewasherselfanoldloveofVoltaire’s；whohadbeenentirelyunkindtohim！
　　"ThusareyoumadeimmortalbyaKiss；——andhavenotyourchoiceoftheKiss，Fatehavingchosenforyou。TheyoungerLadywasaDaughterofMarechaldeNoailles[ourfineoldMarechal，gonetotheWarsagainsthisBritannicMajestyinthoseveryweeks]:
　　infinitelyclever（INFINIMENTD’ESPRIT）；beautifultoo，I
　　understand，thoughtowardsforty；——hangstothehumanmemory，slightlybutindissolubly，eversincethatWednesdayNightof1743。"
　　OldMarechaldeNoaillesistotheWars，wesaid；——itisinaworldalltwinklingwithwatch—fires，andrakedcoalsofWar，thatthesefineCarnivalthingsgoon。Noaillesis70，000strong；postedintheRhineCountries，middleandupperRhine；vigilantlypatrollingabout，tosupportthosestaggeringBavarianAffairs；especiallytogiveaccountofhisBritannicMajesty。BrittanicMajestyisthoughttohavegottheDutchhoisted，afterall；tohavehisswordOUT；——
　　anderelongdoesactuallygetonmarch；uptheRhinehitherward，asistooevident，toNoailles，totheKaiserandeverybody！
　　ChapterIV。
　　AUSTRIANAFFAIRSMOUNTTOADANGEROUSHEIGHT。
　　Ledbyfondhopes，——anddrivenalsobythatsadfear，ofaVisitfromhisBritannicMajesty，——thepoorKaiser，intherearofthoselateSeckendorfsuccesses，quittedFrankfurt，April17th；andtheseconddayafter，gottoMunchen。SawhimselfinMunchenagain，afteraspaceofmorethantwoyears；"allranksofpeoplecrowdingouttowelcomehim；"thejoyofallpeople，forthemselvesandforhim，beingverygreat。NextdayhedroveouttoNymphenburg；sawthePandourdevastationsthere，——mighthaveseenthewindowwheretheruggedoldUnertlsetuphisladder，"ForGod’ssake，yourSerenity，havenothingtodowiththoseFrench！"——anddidnotwantforsorrowfulcomparisonsofpastandpresent。
　　Itwasremarked，hequittedMuncheninadayortwo；preferringCountryPalacesstillunruined，——forexample，Wolnzach，aSchlosshehas，somefiftymilesoff，downtheIserValley，notfarfromthelittleTownofMosburg；which，atanyrate，isamongtheBroglio—Seckendorfposts，andconvenientforbusiness。BroglioandSeckendorfliedottedallabout，fromBraunauuptoIngolstadtandfarther；chieflyintheIserandInnValleys，butonthenorthsideoftheDonautoo；overanarea，sayof2，000squaremiles；
　　SeckendorfpreachingincessantlytoBroglio，whatissun—cleartoalleyesbutBroglio’s，"Letusconcentrate，M。leMarechal；letusmarchandattack！IfPrinceKarlcomeuponusinthisscatteredposture，whatarewetodo？"Brogliocontinuingdeaf；Broglioanswering——inawaytodriveonefrantic。
　　TheKaiserhimselftakesBroglioinhand；hasascenewithBroglio；
　　which，toreadersthatstudyit，maybesymbolicalofmuchthatisgoneandthatiscoming。Itfell"aboutthemiddleofMay"（priortoMay17th，asreaderswillguessbeforelong）；andhere，accordingtoreport，wasthesomewhatexplosivefinaleithad。
　　PrinceConti，thesamewhorantojoinMaillebois，andhasprovedagallantfellowandgotcommandofaDivision，attendsBrogliointhisimportantinterviewatWolnzach:——
　　SCHLOSSOFWOLNZACH，MAY，1743……"TheKaiserpressed，inthemostemphaticmanner，ThattheTwoArmies[FrenchandBavarian]
　　shouldcollectanduniteforimmediateaction。TowhichBrogliodeclaredhecouldbynomeansassent，nothavinganyorderfromParisofthattenor。TheKaiserthereupon:’Igiveyoumyorderforit；I，bytheMostChristianKing’sappointment，amCommander—in—
　　ChiefofyourArmy，asofmyown；andInoworderyou！’——takingouthisPatent，andspreadingitbeforeBrogliowiththesign—manualvisible，BroglioknewthePatentverywell；butanswered，’Thathecouldnot，forallthat，followthewishofhisImperialMajesty；
　　thathe，Broglio，hadlaterorders，andmustobeythem！’UponwhichtheImperialMajesty，natureirrepressiblyassertingitself，toweredintoOlympianheight；flunghisPatentonthetable，tellingContiandBroglio，’Youcansendthatback，then；
　　Patentslikethatareofnoservicetome！’andquittedtheminablaze。"[Adelung，iii。B，150；citesETTATPOLITIQUE（AnnualRegisterofthosetimes），xiii。16。NothingofthissceneinCampagnes，whichisofficiallycarefultosuppressthelikeofthis。]
　　Theindisputablefactis，PrinceKarlisatthedoor；nayhehasbeateninthedoorinafrightfulmanner；andhasBraunau，keyoftheInn，againundersiege。NotwegettingPassau；itishegettingBraunau！Aweekago（9thMay）hisvanguard，onthesudden，cuttopiecesourpoorBavarian8，000，andtheirpoorMinuzzi，whowerecoveringBraunau，andhasendedhimandthem；——Minuzzihimselfprisoner，nottobeheardoforbeatenmore；——andisbatteringBraunaueversince。Thatisthesadfact，whateverthetheorymayhavebeen。PrinceKarlisrollinginfromtheeast；Lobkowitz（Pragnowended）isadvancingfromthenorthward，KhevenhullerfromtheSalzburgsouthernquarter:IsitinasprinkleofdisconnectedfractionsthatyouwillwaitPrinceKarl？Thequestionofuniting，andadvancing，oughttobeasimpleoneforBroglio。Takethisothersymbolicpassage，ofnearlythesamedate；——posterior，asweguessed，tothatInterviewatWolnzach。
　　"DINGELFINGEN，17thMAY，1743。AtDingelfingenontheIser，astrongishcentralpostoftheFrench，aboutfiftymilesfartherdownthanthatSchlossofWolnzach，thereisasecondargument，——
　　muchcorroborativeoftheKaiser’sreasoning。Aboutsunriseofthe17th，theAustrians，insufficientforce，chieflyofPandours，appearedontheheightstothesouth:theyhadbeenforeseenthenightbefore；buttheFrenchcoveringGeneral，luckierthanMinuzzi，didnotwaitforthem；onlywarnedDingelfingen，andwithdrewacrosstheRiver，towaitthereonthesafeleftbank。
　　LeaderoftheAustrianswasoneLeopoldGrafvonDaun，activemanofthirty—five，alreadyofgoodrank，whowillbemuchheardofafterwards；CommandantinDingelfingenisaBrigadierduChatelet，MarquisduChatelet—Lamont；whom——aftersearch（intheinterestofsomeidlereaders）——IdiscovertobenootherthantheHusbandofacertainAlgebraicLady！Identitymadeout，markwhatapassheisat。CountDauncomesoninatempestoffuriousfire；’veryheavy，’
　　theysay，fromgreatgunsandsmall；tillcloseupontheplace，whenhesummonsDuChatelet:’No；’andthereuponattemptsscalade。
　　Cannotscalade，DuChateletandhispeoplebeingmettlesome；
　　takesthentoflingingshells，toburningthesuburbs；Townitselfcatchesfire，——Townplainlyindefensible。’Truceforonehour’
　　proposesDuChatelet（wishfultoconsultthecoveringGeneralacrosstheRiver）:’No，’answersDaun。SothatDuChatelethastojumbleandwrigglehimselfoutoftheplace；courageoustothelast；butnotinaveryParthianfashion，——greatdifficultytogethisbridgeruined（verypartiallyruined），behindhim；——andjoinsthecoveringGeneral，inaflusterysingedcondition！WerenotpursuedfartherbyDaun:——andPrinceConti，HeadGeneralinthoseparts，calleditafinedefence，onexamining。"
　　[Campagnes，viii。239；Espagnac，i。187；
　　Hormayr，iv。82，85。]Espagnaccontinues:——
　　"Onthe19th，"afteronerest—day，"GrafvonDaunsetoutforLandau[stillontheIser，fartherdown；BaiernhasITS"Landau"
　　too，andits"Landshut，"bothonthisRiver]，toseizeLandau；
　　whichisanotherFrenchplaceofstrength。TheGarrisondefendedthemselvesforsometime；afterwhichtheyretiredovertheRiver[leftbauk，orwrongsideoftheIser，theytoo]；andsetfiretotheBridgebehindthem。ThefireoftheBridgecaughttheTown；
　　Pandourshelpingit，asourpeoplesaid；andLandaualsowasreducedtoashes。"——PoorLandau，poorDingelfingen，theycannothavethebenefitofLouisXV。’stalentforgoverningGermany，quitegratis，itwouldappear！
　　ButwherearethedivineEmilieandVoltaire，thatmorning，whiletheBrigadierisinsuchtaking？Sittingsafein"thatdaintylittlepalaceofMadame’s（PETITPALAIS）atthepointoftheIsledeSt。Louis，"intentonquiteotheradventures；disgustedwiththeslavishFortyandtheirmethodsofElection（ofwhichbyandby）；
　　andlittlethinkingofM。leBrigadierandthedangersofwar。
　　——PrincedeContipraisedtheBrigadier’sdefence:butverysoon，alas，——
　　DEGGENDORF，27thMAY。"PrincedeConti，atDeggendorf[otherornorthbankoftheDonau，Head—quartersofConti，whichwasthoughttobewellsecuredbybatteriesanddefencesonthesteepheightstolandward]，washimselfsuddenlyattacked，thetenthdayhence，’May27th，atdaybreak，’inastillmorefuriousmanner；andwastumbledoutofDeggendorfamidwhirlwindsoffire，inveryflamyconditionindeed。TheAustrians，playingonusfromtheuplandswiththeirheavyartillery，madeabreachinouroutmostbattery:
　　’Nottenable！’exclaimedtheCaptainthere:’Thisway，mymen！’——
　　andwithdrew，likeashot，heandparty；slidingdownthesteepfaceofthemountain[feetforemost，Ihope]，hometoDeggendorfinthispeculiarmanner；leavingtheAUSTRIANStomanagehisguns。
　　Ourtwolowerbatteries，ruledbythisupperone，hadnowtobeabandoned；andContiran，BridgeoftheTown—ditchbreakingunderhim；baggages，eventohisownportmanteaus，alllost；andhadaneck—and—neckraceofitingettingtohisDonau—Bridge，andacrosstothesafeside。Withlossofeverything，wesay，——personalbaggageallincluded；whichlatteritem，PrinceKarlpolitelyreturnedhimnextday。"[Espagnac，p。188。]
　　Broglio，withPrinceKarlinhisbowelsgoingatsucharate，mayjudgenowwhetheritwaswisetolieinthatlooseposture，scatteredovertwothousandsquaremiles，andsnortonhisjudiciousSeckendorf’sadvicesandurgenciesashedid！
　　Readersanticipatetheissue；andshallnotbeweariedfartherwithdetail。Thereare，aswesaid，ThreeAustrianArmiespressingonthislucklessBavariaanditsFrenchProtectors:Khevenhuller，fromSalzburgandthesouthernquarter，pushinginhisDauns；
　　Lobkowitz，hangingoverusfromtheOber—Pfalz（Naab—RiverCountry）
　　onthenorth；andPrinceKarl，ononeorsometimesonbothsidesoftheDonau，prickingsharplyintotherearofus；saying，bybayonets，burntbridges，bomb—shells，"Off；swift；itwillbebetterforyou！"AndBrogliohaslosthead，amerewhirlwindofflaminggases；andyourablestComtedeSaxeinsuchposition，whatcanhedo？BrogliowritestoVersailles，ThattherewillbenocontinuinginBavaria；thatherecommendsanordertomarchhomewards；——muchtothesurpriseofVersailles。
　　"TheCourtofVersailleswasmuchastonishedatthemessageitgotfromBroglio；CourtofVersailleshadalwayscalculatedthatBrogliocouldkeepBavaria；andhadgoneintoextensivemeasuresformaintaininghimthere。ExperiencedoldMarechaldeNoailleshasanewFrenchArmy，70，000ormore，assembledintheUpperRhineforthatandthecognateobjects[ofwhom，morespecially，anon]:
　　Noailles，byorderfromCourt，hasdetached12，000，whoarenowmarchingtheirbest，toreinforceBroglio；——andindeedtheCourt’hadalreadyappointedtheGeneralsandStaff—OfficersforBroglio’sBavarianArmy，’andgratifiedmanymenbypromotions，whichnowwenttosmoke！[Espagnac，i。190。]
　　"Versailles，however，hastoexpeditetheorder:’Comehome，then。’
　　Orderornoorder，Broglio’spostsareallcracklingoffagain，burstingaloftlikeachainofpowder—mines；Broglioisplungingheadforemost，towardsDonauworth，towardsIngolstadt，hisplaceofarms；Seckendorfnowwelcometojoinhim，butunabletodoanythingwhenjoined。BlusteringBrogliohasnosteadfastnessofmind；
　　explodeslikeaninflammablebody，inthiscracklingoffoftheposts，andbecomesamerewhirlwindofflaminggases。OldsnufflingSeckendorf，borntoillsuccessinhisolddays，strongonlyincaution，howishetoquenchorstaythiscracklingoftheposts？
　　Broglioblusters，reproaches，bullies；Seckendorfquarrelswithhimoutright，ashemaywelldo:’JARNI—BLEU，suchadeliriouswhirlwindofaMarechal；merebickeringflamesandsoot！’——andlooksoutchieflytokeephisownskinandthatofhispoorBavarianswhole。
　　"TheunhappyKaiserhasrunfromMunchenagain，toAugsburgforsomebriefshelter；cannotstaythereeither，inthecircumstances。
　　WillhehavetohurrybacktoFrankfurt，tobankruptcyandfurnishedlodgings，——naytotheBritannicMajesty’stendermercies，whoseArmyisnowactuallythere？ThoseindignantprophesyingstoBroglio，attheSchlossofWolnzach，havesosooncometrue！
　　AndBroglioandtheFrenchare——whatastafftoleanupon！
　　Enough，thepoorKaiser，afterdoleful’CouncilofWarheldatAugsburg，June25th，’doesonthemorrowmakeoffforFrankfurtagain:——whitherelse？BritannicMajesty’sintentions，friendstellhim，friendWilhelmofHessentellshim，aremagnanimous；eagerforPeacetoTeutschland；hostileonlytotheFrench。PoorKarltooktheroad，June26th；——andwillfindnewsonhisarrival，orbeforeit。
　　"Onwhichsameday，26thofJune，asitchances，Brogliotoohasmadehispackages；leftagarrisoninIngolstadt，garrisoninEger；
　　andisferryingacrossatDonauworth，——willseetheMarlboroughSchellenbergashepasses，——infullspeedfortheRhineCountries，andthefinisofthisbadBusiness。[Adelung，iii。B。152。]Ontheroad，IbelieveatDonauworthitself，Noailles’s12，000，littleforeseeingtheseretrogradeevents，metBroglio:’Rightabout，youtoo！’ordersBroglio；andspeedsRhinewardnottheless。AndthesamedayofthatferryingatDonauworth，andoftheKaiser’ssettingoutforFrankfurt，Seckendorf，——atNieder—Schonfeld[anoldMonasteryneartheTownofRain，inthoseparts]，theKaiserbeingnowsafeaway，——ismakingtermsforhimselfwithKhevenhullerandPrinceKarl:’WillliequietasmereREICHS—Army，almostasTroopsoftheSwabianCircle，overatWembdingenthere，insaidcircle，andbestrictlyneutral，ifwecanbutgetlivedatall！’[Ib。iii。
　　B，153。]Seckendorfconcludesonthemorrow，27thJune；——whichiselsewhereamemorableDayofBattle，aswillbeseen。
　　"BrogliomarchedinFiveDivisions[DuChateletintheSecondDivision，poorsoul，whichwasledbyComtedeSaxe）:[Espagnac，i。198。]alwaysinFiveDivisions，swiftly，halfamarchapart；
　　throughtheWurtembergCountry；——lostmuchbaggage，manystragglers；Tolpatcheriesinmultitudecontinuallyprickingattheskirtsofhim；PrinceKarlfollowingsteadily，Rhine—wardsalso，afewmarchesbehind。Hereareomenstoreturnwith！’Buthaveyouseenaretreatbettermanaged？’thinksBrogliotohimself:"thatisoneconsolingcircumstance。
　　Inthismanner，then，hastheProblemofBavariasolveditself。
　　HungarianMajesty，intheseweeks，wasgettingcrownedinPrag；
　　"QueenofBohemia，I，notyou；inthesightofHeavenandofEarth！"[Crowned12thMay，1743（Adelung，iii。B，128）；"newsofPrinceKarl’shavingtakenBraunau[incipiencyofallthesesuccesses]hadreachedherthatverymorning。"]——andwaspurifyingherBohemia:withsomerigor（itissaid），fromforeigndefacements，treasonouscompliancesandthelike，whichtherehadbeen。ToseeyourBavarianKaiser，falseKingofBohemia，yourBrogliowithhisFrench，andtheBohemian—BavarianQuestioninwhole，allrollingRhine—wardsattheirswiftest，withPrinceKarlstickingintheskirtsofthem:——whatasatisfactiontothathighLady！
　　BRITANNICMAJESTY，WITHSWORDACTUALLYDRAWN，HASMARCHED
　　MEANWHILETOTHEFRANKFURTCOUNTRIES，AS"PRAGMATICARMY；"
　　READYFORBATTLEANDTREATYALIKE。
　　Addtowhichfinesetofresults，simultaneouslywiththem:
　　HisBritannicMajesty，thirdeffortsuccessful，hasgothissworddrawn，fairlyoutatlast；andintheairismakinghorridcircleswithit，eversinceMarchlast；naydoes，heflattershimself，averyconsiderableslashwithit，inthiscurrentmonthofJune。
　　Ofwhich，thoughloath，wemustnowtakesomenotice。
　　Thefactis，thoughStaircouldnothoisttheDutch，andourdouble—quickBritannicheroismhadtodropdeadinconsequence，Carterethasdoneit:Carterethimselfrushedoverinthatcrisis，afieryemphaticmanandchiefminister，[ArrivedattheHague"5thOctober，1742"（Adelung，iii。A，294）。]——"eagertopleasehisMaster’shumor！"saidenemies。Yes，doubtless；butactingonhisownturbidbeliefwithal（saysfact）；andrevolvingbigthoughtsinhishead，aboutbringingFriedrichovertotheCauseofLiberty，givingFrenchAmbitionalessonforonce，andthelike。
　　Carteretstronglypulleying，"Allhands，heave—oh！"——and，nodoubt，thoseMaillebois—BroglioeventsfromPragassistinghim，——didbringtheHighMightinessestotheirlegs；stillinastaggeringsplay—
　　footedposture，buttryingtosteadythemselves。Thatistosay，theHighMightinessesdidagreetogowithusintheCauseofLiberty；willnowpayactualSubsidiestoherHungarianMajesty（attherateoftwoforourthree）；andwilladd，sosoonashumanlypossible，20，000mentothosewind—bound40，000ofours；——whichlattershallnowtherefore，atonce，as"PragmaticArmy"（thatisthetermfixedon），getonmarch，Frankfurtway；andstrikehomeupontheFrenchandotherenemiesofPragmaticSanction。ThisiswhatNoailleshasbeenlookingfor，thisgoodwhile，anddiligentlyadjustinghimself，inthoseMiddle—RhineCountries，togiveaccountof。
　　PragmaticArmylifteditselfaccordingly，——Stair，andthemostofhisEnglish，fromGhent，wherethewearisomeHead—quartershadbeen；Hanoverians，Hessians，fromwewillforgetwhere；——andinvariousstreaksandstreams，certainAustriansfromLuxemburg（withouroldfriendNeippergincompany）havingjoinedthem，areflowingRhine—wardeversinceMarch1st。["February18th，"o。s。（OldNewspapers）。]TheycrosstheRhineatthreesuitablepoints；
　　whence，bythenorthbank，homeuponFrankfurtCountry，andtheNoailles—Brogliooperationsinthoseparts。TheEnglishcrossed"atNeuwied，intheendofApril"（ifanybodyiscurious）；"LordStairinpersonsuperintendingthem。"LordStairhasbeenmuchabout，andamostbusyperson；General—in—ChiefofthePragmaticArmytillhisBritannicMajestyarrive。GeneralissimoLordStair；andthereisGeneralClayton，GeneralLigonier，"GeneralHeywoodleftwiththeReserveatBrussels:"——and，fromtheashesoftheOldNewspapers，themainstagesandparticularsofthissurprisingExpedition（EnglandmarchingasPragmaticArmyintodistantparts）canberiddledout；thoughtheyrequiremostlytobeflunginagain。
　　Shockingweatheronthemarch，mereBoreasandicytempests；
　　snowinsomeplacestwofeetdeep；Rhinemuchswollen，whenwecometoit。
　　TheAustrianChiefGeneral——wholiesaboutWiesbaden，andconsultswithStair，whiletheEnglisharecrossing——isDuked’Ahremberg（FatherofthePrincedeLigne，or"PrinceofCoxcombs"assomecallhim）:littleornothingofmilitaryskillinD’Ahremberg；
　　butNeippergisthoughttohavegivenmuchcounsel，suchasitwas。
　　WiththeHessianstherewassomedifficulty；hesitationonLandgrafWilhelm’spart；whopitiesthepoorKaiser，andwouldfainseehimbackatFrankfurt，andawakentheBritannicmagnanimitiesforhim。
　　"ToFrankfurt，sayyou？WecannotfightagainsttheKaiser！"——andtheyhadtobeleftbehind，forsometime；butatlengthdidcomeon，thoughlateforbusiness，asitchanced。GeneraloftheseHessiansisPrinceGeorgeofHessen，worthystoutgentleman，whomWilhelminametattheFrankfurtGayetieslately。George’selderBrotherWilhelmisManagerorVice—Landgraf，thislongwhileback；
　　andinsevenoreightyearshencebecame，ashadbeenexpected，actualLandgraf（oldKingofSwedendyingchildless）；——ofwhichWilhelmweshallhavetohear，atHanau（aTownofhisinthoseparts），andperhapsslightlyelsewhere，inthecourseofthisbusiness。Afat，justman，hetoo；probablysomewhatiracund；
　　notwithouttroublesinhisHouse。HiseldestSon，Heir—ApparentofHessen，letmeremindreaders，hasanEnglishPrincesstoWife；
　　PrincessMary，KingGeorge’sDaughter，weddedtwoyearsago。
　　That，addedtotheSubsidies，issurelyapointofunion；——thoughagaintheremaysuchdiscrepanciesrise！Agoodwhileafterthis，theeldestSonbecomingCatholic（foolishwretch），tothehorrorofPapa，——thererosestillothernoisesintheworld，aboutHessenanditsLandgraves。OfgoodPrinceGeorge，whodoubtlessattendedinWarCouncils，butprobablysaidlittle，wehopetohearnothingmorewhatever。
　　FromNeuwiedtoFrankfurtisbutafewdays’marchforthePragmaticArmy；inadirectline，notsixtymiles。Frankfurtitself，whichisaREICHS—STADT（ImperialCity），theymustnotenter:"Fearnot，CityorCountry！"writesStairtoit:"Wecomeassaviors，pacificators，hostiletoyourenemiesanddisturbersonly；
　　weunderstanddisciplineandtheLawsoftheReich，andwillpayforeverything。"[Letteritself，ofbriefmagnanimousstrain，inCampagnesdeNoailles，i。127；date"Neuwied，26thApril，1743"（Adelung，iii。B，114）。]Fortherest，theyareinnohurry。TheylingerinthatFrankfurt—Nainzregion，allthroughthemonthofMay；notunobservantofNoaillesandhismovements，ifhemadeany；butoccupiedchieflywithgatheringprovisions；forming，withdifficulty，aMagazineinHanau。
　　"Whattheyintended:orintend，bycominghither？"asksthePubliceverywhere:"TogointotheDonauCountries，andencloseBrogliobetweentwofires？"Thathadbeen，andwasstill，Stair’sfineidea；butD’Ahremberghaddisapprovedthemethods。D’Ahremberg，itseems，israthergiventoopposingStair；——andthereriseuncertainties，inthisPragmaticArmy:certainonlyhithertotheMagazineinHanau。Andinsecret，itafterwardsappeared，theimmediaterealerrandofthisPragmaticArmyhadlain——intheChapterofMainzCathedral，andanElectionthatwasgoingonthere。
　　TheoldKur—Mainz，namely，hadjustdied；andtherewasanew"ChiefSpiritualKurfurst"tobeelectedbytheCanonsthere。
　　Kur—MainzisChairmanoftheReich，animportantpersonage，analogoustoSpeakeroftheHouseofCommons；andoughttobe，——bynomeanstheKaiser’syoungBrother，astheFrenchandKaiserareproposing；butamanwithAustrianleanings；——say，GrafvonOstein，titularDOM—CUSTOS（CathedralKeeper）here；latelyAmbassadorinLondon，andknowninselectsocietyforwhatheis。NotmuchofanArchbishop，ofaSpiritualorChiefSpiritualHerrhitherto；
　　butcapableofbeingmadeone，——werethePragmaticArmyathiselbow！ItwasonthiserrandthatthePragmaticArmyhadcomehither，orcomesoearly，andwiththeirplansstillunripe。
　　Andtrulytheysucceeded；gottheirOsteinchosentotheirmind:
　　["21stMarch，1743，"Mainzvacant；"22dApril，"Osteinelected（Adelung，iii。B，113，121）。]anewKur—Mainz，——whoseleaningsandprocedureswereverymanifestinthesequel，andsomeofthemimportantbeforelong。ThiswasalwaysreckonedoneresultofhisBritannicMajesty’sPragmaticCampaign；——andtrulysomethinkitwas，instrictarithmetic，theonlyone，thoughthatisfarfromhisMajesty’sownopinion。
　　FRIEDRICHHASOBJECTIONSTOTHEPRAGMATICARMY；BUTINVAIN。
　　OFFRIEDRICH’SMANYENDEAVORSTOQUENCHTHISWAR，BY"UNION
　　OFINDEPENDENTGERMANPRINCES，"BY"MEDIATIONOFTHEREICH，"
　　ANDOTHERWISE；ALLINVAIN。
　　Friedrich，atanearlystage，hadinquiredofhisBritannicMajesty，politelybutwithemphasis，"Whatintheworldhemeant，then，byinvadingtheGermanReich；leadingforeignArmiesintotheReich:inthisunauthorizedmanner？"TowhichtheBritannicMajestyhadanswered，withwhatvagueargumentofwordswewillnotask，butwithalookthatwecanfancy，——lookthatwouldsplitapitcher，astheIrishsay！FriedrichpersistedtocallitanInvasionoftheGermanReich；andspoke，atfirst，offlatlyopposingitbyaReich’sArmy（30，000，oreven50，000，forBrandenburg’scontingent，insuchcase）；butasthepoorReichtooknonotice，andtheBritannicMajestywaspositive，Friedrichhadtocontenthimselfwithprotestforthepresent。[Friedrich’sRemonstranceandGeorge’sResponseareinAdelung，iii。B，132（date，"March，1743"）；dateofFriedrich’sfirststirringinthematteris"January，1743，"andearlier（ib。p。37，p。8，&c。）。]
　　TheexertionsofFriedrichtobringaboutaPeace，oratleasttodiminish，notincrease，thedisturbance，areforgottennow；
　　wearisometothinkof，astheydidnotproducethesmallestresult；
　　buttheyhavebeenincessantandzealous，asthoseofamantoquenchthefirewhichisstillraginginhisstreet，andfromwhichhehimselfisjustsaved。"CannottheReichberousedforsettlementofthisBavarian—Austrianquarrel？"thoughtFriedrichalways。Andspentagreatdealofearnestendeavorinthatdirection；wishedaReich’sARMYOFMEDIATION；"towhichIwillmyselffurnish30，000；50，000，ifneeded。"Reich，alas！TheReichisahorsefallendowntodie，——nousespurringattheReich；
　　itcannot，formanymonths，onFriedrich’sProposal（thoughthequestionwasfarfromnew，and"hadbeentwoyearsonhand"），cometothedecision，"Wellthen，yes；theReichWILLtrytomoderateandmediate:"andasforaReich’sMediation—ARMY，oranypracticalstepatall[Thequestionhadbeenstarted，"inAugust，1741，"bytheKaiserhimself；"11thMarch，1743，"againurgedbyhim，afterFriedrich’soffer；"10thMay，1743，""Yes，then，wewilltry；
　　but——"andtheresultcontinuedzero。]——！
　　"IsnotGermany，arenotalltheGermanPrinces，interestedtohavePeace？"thinksFriedrich。"AunionoftheindependentGermanPrincestorecommendPeace，andevenwithhandonsword—hilttocommandit；thatwouldbethemethodofproducingTreatyofPeace！"
　　thinkshealways。Andisgreatlysetonthatmethod；which，wefind，hasbeen，andcontinuestobe，thesoulofhismanyeffortsinthismatter。Afacttobenoted。LongporinginthosemournfulimbrogliosofDryasdust，wherethefractionoflivingandimportantweltersoverwhelmedbywildernessesofthedeadandnugatory，oneatlengthdisengagesthisfact；andreadersmaytakeitalongwiththem，foritprovesilluminativeofFriedrich’sproceduresnowandafterwards。AfixednotionofFriedrich’s，thisofGermanPrinces"uniting，"whenthecommondangersbecomeflagrant；averylivelynotionwithhimatpresent。HewillhimselfcheerfullytaketheleadinsuchUnion，buthemustnotventurealone。[SeeAdelung，iii。AandB，passim；Valori，i。178；&c。&c。]
　　TheReich，whenappealedto，withsuchdegreeofemphasis，inthismatter，——weseehowtheReichhasresponded！Lateron，Friedrichtried"theSwabianCircle"（chiefsceneoftheseAustrian—Bavariantusslings）；whichhas，liketheotherCircles，akindofparliament，andpretendstobeapoliticalunityofsomesort。
　　"CannottheSwabianCircle，orSwabianandFrankishjoined（towhichonemightdeclareoneselfPROTECTOR，insuchcase），ordertheirownCaptains，withmilitaryforceoftheirown，say20，000
　　men，torankontheFrontier；andtoinformperemptorilyallbelligerentsandtumultuouspersons，French，Bavarian，English，Austrian:’Nothoroughfare；wetellyou，Noadmittancehere！’"
　　Friedrich，disappointedoftheReich，hadtakenupthatsmallernotion:andhespentagooddealofendeavoronthattoo，——ofwhichwemayseesomeglimpse，asweproceed。Butitprovesallfutile。
　　TheSwabianCircletooisamoribundhorse；allthesehorsesdeadormoribund。
　　Friedrich，ofcourse，hasthoughtmuchwhatkindofPeacecouldbeofferedbyamediatingparty。TheKaiserhaslosthisBavaria:
　　yetheistheKaiser，andmusthavealivinggrantedhimassuch。
　　Compensations，aspirations，claimsofterritory；thesewillbemanifold！Theseareaworldoffloatingvapor，ofgreed，ofanger，idlepretension:butwithinallthesetherearetherealnecessities；whatthecasedoesrequire，ifitisevertobesettled！FriedrichdiscernsthisAustrian—Bavariannecessityofcompensation；ofnewlandtocutupon。Andwhereisthattocomefrom！
　　InJanuarylast，Friedrich，intenselymeditatingthisbusiness，hadinprivateabright—enoughidea:Thatofsecularizingthoseso—calledSovereignBishoprics，Austrian—Bavarianbylocalityandnature，Passau，Salzburg，Regensburg，idleopulentterritories，withfunctionsabsurdnotuseful；——andoftherefromcuttingcompensationtorightandtoleft。Thisnotionhe，byobscurechannels，putintotheheadofBaronvonHaslang，BavarianAmbassadoratLondon；whereitgerminatedrapidly，andcametofruit；——wasofficiallysubmittedtoLordCarteretinhisownhouse，intwohighlyartisticforms，oneevening；——andsetstheDiplomaticHeadsallwagginguponit。[Adelung，iii。B，84，90，"January—
　　March，1743。"]Withgreathope，atonetime；tillrumorofitgotabroadintotheOrthodoximagination，intotheGazetteerworld；
　　andraisedsuchaclamor，inthosemonths，asseldomwas。
　　"Secularize，Hah！Oneseesthedevilishheathenspiritofyou；
　　andwhatkindofKaiser，onthereligiousside，wenowhavethehappinessofhaving！"SothatKaiserKarlhadtodenyutterly，"Neverheardofsuchathing！"Carterethimselfhad，inpoliteness，todeny；muchmore，andfordirecause，hadHaslanghimself，overthebellyoffacts，"Neverinmydreams，Itellyou！"——andtogetambiguouscertificatefromCarteret，whichthesimplecouldinterprettothateffect。[Carteret’sLetter（ibid。iii，B，190）。]
　　ItwasonlyinwhispersthatthenameofFriedrichwasconnectedwiththisfinescheme；andallpartiesweregladtogetitsoonburiedagain。Abrightidea；buthadcomeacenturytoosoon。
　　OfanotherCarteretNegotiationwithKaiserKarl，famedas"ConferencesofHanau，"whichhadalmostcometobeaTreaty，butdidnot；andthen，failingthat，ofafamousCarteret"TreatyofWorms，"whichdidcometoperfection，inthesesamelocalitiesshortlyafterwards；andwhichwereinfinitelyinterestingtoourFriedrich，boththeTreatyandtheFailureoftheTreaty，——weproposetospeakelsewhere，induetime。
　　AstoFriedrich’sownendeavorsandindustries，atRegensburgandelsewhere，foreffectivemediationofPeace；fortheReichtomediate，andhave"ArmyofMediation；"fora"UnionofSwabianCircles"todoit；forthisandthenforthattodoit；——astoFriedrich’sowneffortsandstrugglingsthatway，inalllikelyandinsomeunlikelyquarters，——theywere，andcontinuedtobe，earnest，incessant；butwithoutresult。LikethespurringofhorsesreallyDEADsometimeago！Ofwhichnoreaderwishesthedetails，thoughthefacthastoberemembered。Andso，withslightindicationforFriedrich’ssake，——beingintentonthestageofevents，——wemustleavethatshadowyhypotheticregion，asawoodinthebackground；themuchfoliageandmanytwigsandboughsofwhichdoauthenticallyTAKEthetroubletobethere，thoughwehavetopaintitinthissummarymanner。
　　ChapterV。
　　BRITANNICMAJESTYFIGHTSHISBATTLEOFDETTINGEN；AND
　　BECOMESSUPREMEJOVEOFGERMANY，INAMANNER。
　　BrittanicMajestywithhisYarmouth，andmartialPrinceofCumberland，arrivedatHanoverMay15th；soonfollowedbyCarteretfromtheHague:[BiographiaBritannica
　　（Kippin’s，？Carteret），iii。277。]aMajestypreparednowforbattleandfortreatyalike；kindofearthlyJove，ArbiterofNations，orvictoriousHerculesofthePragmatic，thesublimelittleman。
　　AtHerrenhausenhehasafinetime；grandlyfuglingabout；
　　negotiatingwithWilhelmofHessenandothers；commandinghisPragmaticArmyfromthedistance:andthenatlast，dashingoffratherinhaste，he——ItiswellknownwhatenigmaticExploithedid，atleasttheNameofitiswellknown！Here，fromtheImbroglios，isaroughAccount；partsofwhichareintroducibleforthesakeofEnglishreaders。
　　BATTLEOFDETTINGEN。
　　"AftersomefiveleisurelyweeksinHerrenhausen，GeorgeII。（nowanoldgentlemanofsixty），withhismartialFatBoytheDukeofCumberland，andLordCarterethisDiplomatist—in—Chief，quittedthatpleasantsojourn，ratheronasudden，fortheactualSeatofWar。ByspeedyjourneystheygottoFrankfurtCountry；toHanau，June19th；whence，stilluptheMayn，twentyorthirtymilesfartherup，toAschaffenburg，——wherethePragmaticArmy，aftersomedangerousmanoeuvringontheoppositeorsouthbankoftheRiver，haslainencampedsomedays，andisinquestionableposture。
　　WhitherhisMajestyinpersonhashastenedup。Andtruly，ifhisMajesty’sheadcontainanygoodcounsel，thereisgreatneedofitherejustnow。
　　"Captainsandmenwereimpatientofthatlongloitering，hangingidleaboutFrankfurtallthroughMay；andtheyhaveatlengthstartedrealbusiness，——withmorevalorthandiscretion，itisfeared。Theyaresome40or44，000strong:English16，000；
　　Hanoveriansthelikenumber；andofAustrians[bytheory20，000]，say，ineffect，12，000oreven8，000:allpaidbyEngland。
　　TheyhaveHanauforMagazine；theyhaverearguardof12，000[the6，000Hessians，and6，000newHanoverians]，whoatlastareactuallyonmarchthither，neararrivingthere:’Forward！’saidtheCaptaincy[saidStair，chiefly，itwasthought]:’Shallthewholesummerwasteitselftonopurpose？’——andareuptheRiverthusfar，notonthemostconsiderateterms。
　　"WhatthisPragmaticArmymeanstodo？Thatis，andhasbeen，agreatquestionforalltheworld；especiallyforNoaillesandtheFrench，——nottosay，forthePragmaticitself！’GetintoLorraine？’
　　thinktheFrench:’GetintoAlsace，andwrestitfromus，forbehoofofherHungarianMajesty，’——plunderedgoods，whichindeedbelongtotheReichandher，inasense！ELS—SASS（Alsace，OUTER—
　　seat），withitsROAD—Fortress（STRASburg）plunderedfromtheHolyRomishReichbyLouisXIV。，inawaynoonecanforget；
　　actuallyplundered，asifbyhighwayrobbery，orbyhighwayrobberyandattorneyismcombined，onthepartofthatgreatSovereign。
　　’ToStrasburg？ToLorraineperhaps？OrtotheThreeBishoprics’"
　　（Metz，Toul，Verdun:——readersrecollectthatSiegeofMetz，whichbrokethegreatheartofKarlV。？Whoragedandfiredasmanseldomdid，with50，000men，againstGuiseandtheintrusiveFrench，forsixweeks；soundofhiscannonheardatStrasburgonwinternights，300yearsago:tonopurpose；forhisCaptainsoftheSiege，aftertrialandsecondtrial，solemnlyshooktheirheads；andthegreatKaiser，breakingintotears，hadtoraisetheSiegeofMetz；andwenthisway，nevertosmilemoreinthisworld:andMetz，andToul，andVerdun，remainwiththeFrencheversince）:——"TotheThreeBishoprics，possiblyenough！"
　　"’OrtheymaypurposefortheDonauCountries，whereBroglioiscracklingoffliketrainsofgunpowder；andlendhandtoPrinceKarl，therebyenclosingBrogliofires？’This，accordingtopresentaspects，isbetweentwothelikeliest。Andperhaps，hadprovendersandarrangementsbeenmadebeforehandforsuchamarch，thishadbeenthefeasiblest:and，tomyownnotion，itwassomewildhopeofdoingthiswithoutprovendersorprearrangementsthathadbroughtthePragmaticintoitspresentquartersatAschaffenburg，whichareforthemilitarymindamysterytothisday。
　　"EarlyintheSpring，theFrenchGovernmeuthadequippedNoailleswith70，000men，tokeepwatch，andpatrolabout，intheRhine—MaynCountries，andlookintothosepoints。Whichhehasbeenvigilantlydoing，——postedoflateonthesouthorleftbankoftheMayn；——andisespeciallyvigilant，sinceJune14th，whenthePragmaticArmygotonmarch，acrosstheMaynatHochst；andtooktoofferinghimbattle，onhisownsouthsideoftheRiver。Noailles——thoughhisForce[still58，000，afterthatBroglioDetachmentof12，000]wasgreatlythestronger——wouldnotfight；preferredcuttingofftheEnemy’ssupplies，capturinghisriver—boats，provision—convoysfromHanau，andsettlinghimbyhunger，asthecheapermethod。
　　ImpetuousStairwasthwarted，byflatprotestofhisGermancolleagues，especiallybyD’Ahremberg，inFORCINGbattleonthoserashterms:’WeAustriansabsolutelywillnot！’saidD’Ahrembergatlast，andwithdrew，orwaswithdrawing，heforhispart，acrosstheRiveragain。SothatStairalsowasobligedtorecrosstheRiver，inindignanthumor；andnowliesatAschaffenburg，sufferingthesadalternative，shortdietnamely，whichwillendinfaminesoon，ifthesecounselsprevail。
　　"StairandD’Ahrembergdonotwellaccordintheiropinions；
　　nor，itseems，isanybodyinparticularabsoluteChief；therearelikewiseheatsandjealousiesbetweentheHanoverianandtheEnglishtroops（’Arenotwecomeforallyourgoods？’’Yes，damnyou，andforallourchattelstoo！’）——andwithalitisfrightfullyuncertainwhetherahighdegreeofintellectpresidesoverthese44，000fightingmen，whichmayleadthemtosomething，oralowdegree，whichcanonlyleadthemtonothing！——TheblameisalllaidonStair；’toorash，’theysay。Possiblyenough，toorash。
　　Andpossiblyenoughwithal，eventoasoundmilitaryjudgment，insuchunutterablepuddleofjarringimbecilities，’rashness，’
　　headlongcourage，offeredtheonechancetherewasofsuccess？
　　Whoknows，hadallthe44，000beenasrashasStairandhisEnglish，butluck，andsheerhardfighting，mighthavefavoredhim，asskillcouldnot，inthosesadcircumstances！Stair’splanwas，’BeatNoailles，andyouhavedoneeverything:provisions，opulentnewregions，andallelseshallbeaddedtoyou！’Stair’splanmighthaveanswered，——hadStairbeenthemastertoexecuteit；
　　whichhewasnot。D’Ahremberg’salso，whoprotested，’Waittillyour12，000join，andyouhaveyourprovisions，’wastheorthodoxplan，andmighthavemuchtosayforitself。Butthetwoplanscollapsingintoone，——thatwastheclearlyfatalmethod！
　　MagnanimousStairnevermadetheleastexplanation，toanundiscerningPublicorParliament；wrapthimselfinstrictsilence，andacceptedinagrandwaywhathadcometohim。[HisPapers，tovoluminousextent，arestillintheFamilyArchives；——notinaccessible，Ithink，weretherightstudentofthem（whowouldbeararearticleamongus！）toturnup。]Clearitis，thePragmaticArmyhadcomeacrossagain，atAschaffenburg，Sunday，June16th；
　　andwasfoundtherebyhisMajestyontheWednesdayfollowing，withitstwointernecineplansfallenintomutualdeath；aPragmaticArmyintrulydangerouscircumstances。
　　"TheEnglishwhowereinandroundAschaffenburgitself，HanoveriansandAustriansencampingfartherdown，hadputabatteryontheBridgeofAschaffenburg；hopingtobeabletoforagetherebyontheothersideoftheMayn。WhereuponNoailleshadinstantlyclaptaredoubt，underduecoverofaWood，athisendoftheBridge，’Nopassagethisway，gentlemen，exceptintothecannon’sthroat！’——sothatMarshalStair，reconnoitringthatway，’hadhishatshotoff，’andrapidlydrewbackagain。Nay，beforelong，Noailles，attheVillageofSeligenstadt，someeightmilesfartherdown，throwstwowoodenorpontoonbridgesover；[SketchofPlanatp。257。]canbringhiswholeArmyacrossatSeligenstadt；
　　prohibitsallmannerofsupplytousfromHanauorourMagazinesbyhisarrangementthere:"——（NotablelittleSeligenstadt，"CityoftheBlessed；"whereEginhartandEmma，eversinceCharlemagne’stime，liewaitingtheResurrection；thatistheplaceoftheseNoaillescontrivances！）——"Furthermore，welearn，Noailleshasseizedaposttwentymilesfartheruptheriver（Miltenbergthenameofit）；
　　andwillpreventsuppliesfromcomingdowntousoutofBrankenortheNeckarCountry。Wehadforgotten，orourCOLLAPSEofplanshaddoneit，that’anarmymovesonitsstomach’（astheKingofPrussiasays），andthatwehavenothingtoliveuponintheseparts！
　　"Suchhastheunfortunatefactturnedouttobe，whenBritannicMajestyarrives；anditcannowbediscoveredclearly，byanyeyes，howeverflattothehead。Andaterriblefactitis。DiscordantGeneralsaccuseoneanother；hungrysoldierscannotbekeptfromplundering:forthehorsesthereisunriperyeinquantity；
　　butwhatisthereforthemen？Mypoortraditionaryfriends，oftheGreyDragoons，werewont（Ihaveheard）tobeheart—rendingonthispoint，inafteryears！Faminebeingurgent，disciplineisnotpossible，norexistenceitself。Foraweeklonger，George，ratherinobstinatehopethanwithanyreasonableplanorexertion，stilltriesit；finds，afterrepeatedCouncilsofWar，thathewillhavetogiveitup，andgobacktoHanauwherehislivingis。
　　Wednesdaynight，26thJune，1743，thatisthefinalresolution，inevitablycomeupon，withoutargument:andaboutoneonThursdaymorning，theArmy（intwocolumns，AustrianstovanwardwellawayfromtheRiver，Englishasrear—guardcloseonit）getsinmotiontoexecutesaidresolution，——iftheArmycan。
　　"IftheArmycan:butthatisliketobeaformidablydifficultbusiness；withaNoailleswatchingeverystepofyou，to—dayandfortendaysback，inthesesadcircumstances。Eyesinhimlikealynx，theysay；andgreatskillinwar，onlytoocautious。
　　HardlyistheArmygonefromAschaffenburg，whenNoailles，pushingacrossbytheBridge，seizesthatpost，——noretreatnowforusthitherward。HisMajesty，whomarchesinthereardivision，hashappilysomeartillerywithhim；repelstheassaultsfrombehind，whichmighthavebeenmoreseriousotherwise。Asitis，thereplaycannonacrosstheRiveruponhim:——Whynotbendtoright，andgetoutofrange，asksthereader？TheSpessartHillsrise，highandwoody，ontheright；andthereisinmanyplacesnomarchingexceptwithinrange。NoailleshasFiveeffectiveBatteries，atthevariousgoodpoints，onhissideoftheRiver:——andthatisnothingtowhathehasgotreadyforus，wereweonceatDettingen，withinwindofhisTwoBridgesalittlebeyond！Noailleshasusinaperfectmouse—trap，SOURICIEREashefelinelycallsit；andcalculatesonhavingannihilationreadyforusatDettingen。
　　"Dettingen，shortwayabovethosePontoonsatSeligenstadt，isneareightmileswestward[NORTHwestward，butletususethebrieferterm]fromAschaffenburg:DettingenisapoorpeasantVillage，ofsomesize，closeontheMayn，andonoursideofit。ABrook，comingdownfromtheSpessartMountains，fallsintotheMaynthere；
　　havingformedforitself，thereandupwards，aconsiderabledellorhollowway；chieflyonthewesternorrightbankofwhichstandstheVillagewithitsbarnyardsandpiggeries:onbothsidesofthegreatHigh—road，whichherecrossestheBrook，andwillleadyoutoHanautwentymilesoff，——orbacktoAschaffenburg，andeventoNurnbergandtheDonauCountries，ifyoupersevere。Exceptthatofthehigh—road，DettingenBrookhasnobridge。AbovetheVillage，aftercomingfromtheMountains，thebanksofitareboggy；
　　especiallythewesternbank，whichspreadsoutintoascrubbywasteofmoor，forsomegoodspace。Inwhichscrubbymoor，aselsewhereinthisdellorhollowwayitself，wheretheVillagehangs，withitshedges，piggeries，colegarths，——thereisliketobebadenoughmarchingforacolumnofmen！Noailles，aswesaid，hasTwoBridgesthrownacrosstheMayn，justbelow；andthelastofhisFiveBatteries，fromtheotherside，willcommandDettingen。Hisplanofoperationisthis:——
　　"BytheseBridgeshehaspassed24，000horseandfootacrosstheRiver，underhisNephewthechivalrousDukeofGrammont:
　　these，withdueartilleryandequipment，aretooccupytheVillage；
　　andtorankthemselvesinbattle—ordertoleftwardofit，onthemoorjustmentioned，——wellbehindthathollowway，withitsbrookandbogs；——and，onethingtheymustnotewell，Nottostirfromthatposition，tilltheEnglishcolumnshavegotfairlyintosaidhollowwayandbrookofDettingen，andareplungingmoreorlessdistractedlyacrosstheentanglementsthere。Withcannonontheirleftflank，andsuchagullettopassthrough，onemayhopetheywillbeinratheranattackablecondition。Acrossthatgulletitisourintentiontheyshallneverget。Howcanthey，ifGrammontdohisduty？
　　"ThisisNoailles’splan；oneoftheprettiestimaginable，saymilitarymen，——hadtheexecutionbutcorresponded。NoailleshadseizedAschaffenburg，sosoonastheEnglishwereoutofit；
　　Noailles，fromhisbatteriesbeyondtheRiver，salutestheEnglishmarchwithcontinuousshotandthunder，whichisverydiscomposing:
　　heseesconfidentlyareallyfairlikelihoodofcapturingtheBritannicMajestyandhisPragmaticArmy，unlesstheyprefertodieontheground。Seldom，sincethatoftheCaudineForks，didanyArmy，byill—luckandill—guidance，getintosuchapinfold，——deathorflatsurrenderseeminglytheironealternative。
　　"ThusmarchtheseEnglish，thatdewymorning，Thursday，June27th，1743，withcannonplayingontheirleftflank；andsuchafateaheadofthem，hadtheyknownit；——veryshortofbreakfast，too，formostpart。Buttheyhaveonefinequality，andBritannicGeorge，likeallhisWelfracefromHenrytheLiondowntothesedays，hasitinaneminentdegree:theyarenoteasilyputintoflurry，intofear。InallWelfSovereigns，andgenerallyinTeutonPopulations，onthatsideoftheChanneloronthis，thereistherequisiteunconscioussubstratumoftaciturninexpugnability，withdepthsofpotentialragealmostunquenchable，tobefoundwhenyouapplyforit。Whichqualitywillmuchsteadthemonthepresentoccasion:and，indeed，itisperhapsstrengthenedbytheir’stupidity’itself，whatneighborscalltheir’stupidity；’——wantofidleimagining，idleflurrying，naywantevenofknowing，isnotoneoftheworstqualitiesjustnow！Theytrampon，payingaminimumofattentiontothecannon；ignorantofwhatisahead；