hopingonlyitmaybebreakfast，insomeform，beforethedayquiteterminate。Thedayisstillyoung，hardly8o’clock，whentheiradvancedpartiesfindDettingenbeset；findawholeFrenchArmydrawnup，onthescrubbymoorthere；andcomegallopingbackwiththisinterestingbitofnews！Pausehereupon；muchconsulting；
　　infact，endlesshitheringandthithering，theaffairbeingknotty:
　　’Fight，YES，nowatlast！Buthow？’ImpetuousStairwasnotwantingtohimself；Neippergtoo，theysay，wasusefulwithadvice；
　　D’Ahremberg，Ishouldimagine，goodforlittle。
　　"Somesixhoursfollowedofthrice—intricatedeploying，plantingoffield—pieces，counter—batteries；ranking，re—ranking，shufflinghitherandthenthitherofhorseandfoot；Noailles’scannonadeproceedingallthewhile；theEnglish，stillconsiderablyexposedtoit，andstandingitlikestones；chivalrousGrammont，andwithbetterreasontheEnglish，muchwishingthesepreliminariesweredone。Adifficultbusiness，thatofdeployinghere。ThePragmatichadnoroom，jammedsoagainsttheSpessartHills，andobligedtoleanFROMtheRiverandNoailles’scannon；hadtorankitselfinsix，somesayineightlines；horsebehindfoot，aswellasonflank；unsatisfactorytothemilitarymind:andIthinkhadnotdoneshufflingandre—shufflingat2P。M。，——whentheEnemycameburstingon，withaperemptoryfinishtoit，’Enoughofthat，MESSIEUR’SLESANGLAIS！’’Toomuchofit，agreatdeal！’thoughtMessieursgrimly，inresponse。Andthereensuedareallyfuriousclashofhostagainsthost；Frenchchivalry（MAISONDUROI，BlackMousquetaires，theFloweroftheirHorseregiments）dashing，inrightGallicfrenzy，ontheirnaturalenemies，——ontheEnglish，thatis；who，Ifind，weremainlyontheleftwingthere，horseandfoot；andhadmainly（theAustriansandthey，verymainly）theworktodo；——anddid，withaneffort，andluckhelping，managetodoit。
　　"’Grammontbreaksorders！Thrice—blamableGrammont！’exclaimNoaillesandothers，sorrowfullywringingtheirhands。Evenso！
　　Grammonthadwaitedsevenmortalhours；one’scourageburningallthewhile，courageperhapsratherburningdown，——andnottheleastusecomingofif。Grammonthad，innaturalimpatience，graduallyedgedforward；and，intheend，wasbeingcannonadedandprickedintobytheEnemy；——anddidatlast，withhisMAISON—DU—ROI，dashacrossthatessentialHollowWay，andplungeinuponthemontheirownsideofit。And’the，Englishfootgavetheirvolleytoosoon；’
　　adGrammontdid，ineffect，partlyrepulseanddisorderthefrontranksofthem；and，blazingupuncontrollable，atsightofthosefirstranksindisorder，didpresshomeuponthemmoreandmore；
　　getwhollyintotheaffair，bringingonhisInfantryaswell:
　　’Letusfinishitwholly，nowthatourhandisin！’——andtookonecannonfromtheEnemy；anddidotherfeats。
　　"Sofuriouswasthatfirstchargeofhis；’MAISON—DU—ROIcoveringitselfwithglory，’——forashortwhile。MAISON—DU—ROIbrokethreelinesoftheEnemy[three，not"Five"]；didinsomeplacesactuallybreakthrough；inothers’couldnot，butgallopedalongthefront。’
　　Threeoftheirlines:butthefourthlinewouldnotbreak；muchthecontrary，itadvanced（AustriansandEnglish）withsteadyfire，hotterandhotter:uponthisfourthlineMAISON—DU—ROIhad，itself，tobreak，prettymuchaltogether，andrushhomeagain，inruinouscondition。’Ourfrontlinesmadelanesforthem；terriblymaltreatingthemwithmusketryonrightandleft，astheygallopedthrough。’AndthiswastheendofGrammont’ssuccesses，thischargeofhorse；forhisinfantryhadnoluckanywhere；andtheessentialcrisisoftheBattlehadbeenhere。Itcontinuedstillagoodwhile；plentyofcannonading，fusillading，butinsporadicdetachedform；aconfusedseriesofsmallshocksandknocks；whichweremostly，orall，unfortunateforGrammont；andwhichatlengthknockedhimquiteoffthefield。’HewasnowinterlacedwiththeEnglish，’moansNoailles；’sothatmycannon，nottoshootGrammontaswellastheEnglish，hadtoceasefiring！’Well，yes，thatistrue，M。leMarechal；butthatisnotsoimportantasyouwouldhaveit。TheEnglishhadstoodninehoursinthisfireofyours；
　　bydegrees，leaningwellawayfromit；answeringitwithcounter—
　　batteries；——andwerenotyetruinedbyit，whentheGrammontcrisiscame！NoaillesshouldhavedashedfreshtroopsacrosshisBridges，andtriedtohandlethemwell。Noaillesdidnotdothat；ordoanythingbutwringhishands。
　　"TheFightlastedfourhours；everhotterontheEnglishpart，everlesshotontheFrench[fireofanthracite—coalVERSUSflameofdrywood，whichlatteratlastsinksASHY！]——andendedintotaldefeatoftheFrench。TheFrenchInfantrybynomeansbehavedastheirCavalryhaddone。TheGARDESFRANCAISES[fireburningashy，aftersevenhoursofflaming]，whenGrammontorderedthemuptotaketheEnglishinflank，wouldhardlycomeonatall，orstandonepush。
　　Theythrewawaytheirarms，andplungedintotheRiver，likeadroveofswimmers；gettingdrownedingreatnumbers。Sothattheircomradesnicknamedthem’CANARDSDUMEIN（DucksoftheMayn）:’
　　andinEnglishmess—rooms，therewentafterwardsasaying:
　　’TheFrenchhad，inreality，ThreeBridges；oneofthemNOTwooden，andcarpetedwithbluecloth！’Suchthewitofmilitarymankind。
　　"……TheEnglish，itappears，didsomethingbymereshouting。
　　Partialhuzzasandcounter—huzzasbetweentheInfantriesweregoingonatonetime，whenStairhappenedtogallopup:’Stopthat，’saidStair；’letusdoitright。Silence；then，Oneandall，whenIgiveyousignal！’AndStair，attherightmoment，liftinghishat，thereburstoutsuchathunder—growl，edgedwithmelodiousireinalt，asquiteseemedtostrikeadampintotheFrench，saysmyauthority，’andtheynevershoutedmore……Ourgroundinmanypartswasunderrye，’hedgelessfieldsofrye，chiefgrain—cropofthatsandycountry。’Wehadalreadywastedabove120，000acresofit，’stillintheunripestate，sohungrywerewe，manandhorse，’sincecrossingtoAschaffenburg；’——fightingforyourCauseofLiberty，yebenightedones！
　　"KingFriedrich’sprivateaccounts，deformedbyridicule，are，ThattheBritannicMajesty，hisrespectableoldUncle，findingtheFrenchtherebarringhiswaytobreakfast，understoodsimplythattheremustandshouldbefighting，ofthetoughest；buthadnoplanorcounselfarther:thathedidatfirstrideup，toseewhatwaswhatwithhisowneyes；butthathishorseranawaywithhim，frightenedatthecannon；uponwhichhehastilygotdown；drewsword；puthimselfattheheadofhisHanoverianInfantry[ontherightwing]，andstood，——leftfootdrawnback，swordpushedout，intheformofafencing—masterdoinglunge，——steadilyinthatdefensiveattitude，inexpugnableliketherocks，tillallwasover，andvictorygained。Thisisdefacedbythespiritofridicule，andnotquitecorrect。BritannicMajesty’shorse[oneofthose500fineanimals]did，itiscertain，atlastdangerouslyrunawaywithhim；
　　uponwhichhetooktohisfeetandhisHanoverians。Buthehadbeenrepeatedlyonhorseback，intheearlierstages；gallopingabout，tolookwithhisowneyes，couldtheyhaveavailedhim；andwasheardencouraginghispeople，andspeakingevenintheEnglishlanguage，’Steady，myboys；fire，mybraveboys，givethemfire；theywillsoonrun！’[OEuvresdeFrederic，（iii。14）:
　　compareAnonymous，LifeoftheDukeofCumberland（p。64n。）；Henderson’sLIFEofditto；&c。]Latterly，therecanbenodoubt，hestands[andtoourimagination，hemayfitlystandthroughout]intheaboveattitudeoflunge；nofearinhim，andnoplan；’SANSPEURETSANSAVIS，’asmemighttermit。LikearealHanoverianSovereignofEngland；likeEnglanditself，anditswaysinthoseGermanWars。AtypicalepitomeoflongsectionsofEnglishHistory，thatattitudeoflunge！——
　　"TheEnglishOfficersalso，itisevident，behavedintheirusualway:——withoutknowledgeofwar，withoutfearofdeath，orregardtoutmostperilordifficulty；cheeringtheirmen，andkeepingthemsteadyuponthethroatsoftheFrench，sofarasmightbe。
　　Andalways，afterthatfirststumblewiththeFrenchHorsewasmended，theykeptgainingground，thrustingbacktheEnemy，notovertheDettingenBrookandMoor—groundonly，but，knockafterknock，outofhiswoodyorothercoverts，backandeverback，towardsWelzheim，Kahl，andthoseTwoBridgesofhis。TheflamyFrench[ligneousfireburninglowerandlower，VERSUSanthraciticglowingbrighterandbrighter]foundthattheyhadabadtimeofit；——found，infact，thattheycouldnotstandit；andtumbledfinally，ingreattorrents，acrosstheirBridgesontheMayn，manyleapingintotheRiver，theEnglishsittingdreadfullyontheskirtsofthem。SothathadtheEnglishhadtheirCavalryinreadinesstopursue，Noailles’sArmy，inthehumorithadsunkto，wasruined，andtheVictorywouldhavebeenconspicuouslygreat。
　　Buttheyhad，astoocommon，nothingready。ImpetuousStairstrovetogetready；"pushedouttheGreyDragoons"foroneitem。ButtheAuthoritiesrefusedStair’scounsel，asrashagain；andmadenoeffectualpursuitatall；——toogladthattheyhadbrushedtheirBattle—fieldtriumphantlyclear，andgotoutofthatfatalpinfoldinanhonorablemanner。
　　MAP:BOOKXIV，ChapV，page257GOESHERE——————————————————————————
　　"Theystayedonthegroundtill10atnight；settling，ortryingtosettle，manythings。TheSurgeonswerebusyasbees，butableforOfficersonly；——’DressHIMfirst！’saidthegloriousDukeofCumberland，pointingtoayoungFrenchman[ExcellencyFenelon’sSon，grand—nephewofTELEMAQUE]whowasworsewoundedthanhisHighness。QuiteinthePhilip—Sydneyfashion；whichwasmuchtakennoticeof。’Allthiswhile，wehadnexttonothingtoeat’（saysoneinformant）。——TenP。M。:afterwhich，leavingapoliteLettertoNoailles，’ThathewouldtakecareofourWounded，andburyourSlainaswellashisown，’wemarch[throughapourofrain]toHanau，whereourvictualsare，and12，000newHessiansandHanoveriansbythistime。
　　"NoaillespolitelybandagedtheWounded，buriedtheDead。Noailles，gatheringhisscatteredbattalions，foundthathehadlost2，659
　　men；noruinouslosstohim，——theEnemy’sbeingatleastequal，andallhisWoundedfallenPrisonersofWar。NoruinouslosstoNoailles，haditnotbeenthelossofVictory，——whichwasasoreblowtoFrenchfeeling；and，addingitselftothoseBrogliodisgraces，anewdiscouragementtoMostChristianMajesty。
　　Victoryindisputablylost:——butisitnotGrammont’sblamealtogether？Grammontbearsit，aswesaw；anditisheavilylaidonhim。Butmyownconjectureis，fortythousandenragedpeople，ofEnglishandotherPlatt—Teutschtype，wouldhavebeenverydifficulttopinup，intocaptivityordeathinsteadofbreakfast，inthatmanner:anditispossibleifpoorGrammonthadnotmistaken，someotherwouldhavedoneso，andthehungryBaresarks（theirbloodfairlyup，asisevident）wouldhaveendedingettingthrough。"[Espagnac，i。193；GuerredeBoheme，i。231。——Gentleman’sMagazine，vol。
　　xiii。（for1743），pp。328—481；——containingCarteret’sDespatchfromthefield；followedbymanyotherLettersandindistinctNarrationsfromOfficerspresent（p。434，"PlanoftheBattle，"blotchy，indecipherableinparts，butessentiallyrathertrue），——isworthexamining。SeelikewiseAnonymous，MemoirsofthelateDukeofCumberland（Lond。1767；theAuthoranignorant，much—adoringmilitary—man，whohasmadesomestudy，andisnotsostupidashelooks），pp。56—78；andHenderson（ignoranthetoo，much—adoring，andnotmilitary），LifeoftheDukeofCumberland（Lond。1766），pp。32—48。Noailles’sOfficialAccount（ingenuouslyatalosswhattosay），in
　　Campagnes，ii。B，242—253，306—310。OEuvresdeFrederic，iii。11—14（incorrectinmanyoftheDETAILS）。
　　ThiswasalltheFightingthatKingGeorgegotofhisPragmaticArmy；thegainfromconquestmadebyitwas，Thatitvictoriouslystruggledbacktoitsbread—cupboard。Stair，abouttwomonthshence，inthemereloiteringandhigglingthattherewas，quittedthePragmatic；magnanimouslysilentonhismanywrongsanddisgusts，desirousonlyof"returningtotheplough，"asheexpressedhimself。Theloftyman；wantedseveralrequisitesforbeingaMarlborough；wantedaSarahJennings，asthepreliminaryofall！——WewillnotattendthelazymovementsandproceduresofthePragmaticArmyfarther；whichwereofaltogetherfutilecharacter，eveninthetemporaryGazetteerestimate；andaretobevaluedatzero，andleftcharitablyinoblivionbyapiousposterity。Stair，theonebrightish—lookingmaninit，beinggone，thereremainMajestywithhisD’Ahrembergs，Neippergs，andtheMartialBoy；
　　GeneralsCope，Hawley，Wade，andmanyofleadencharacter，remain:
　　——lettheleadenbewrappedinlead。
　　ItwasnotasuccessfulArmy，thisPragmatic。Dettingenitself，inspiteoftherumoringofGazetteersandtemporarypersons，hadnoresult，——excepttheextremelybadone，ThatitinflatedtoanalarmingheighttheprideandbelligerenthumorofhisBritannic，especiallyofherHungarianMajesty；andmadePeacemoredifficultthanever。ThatofgettingOstein，withhisAustrianleanings，chosenKur—Mainz，——thattooturnedoutill:andperhaps，inthecourseofthenextfewmonths，weshalljudgethat，hadOsteinleantAGAINSTAustria，ithadbeenbetterforAustriaandOstein。
　　OfthePragmaticArmy，silencehenceforth，ratherthanspeech！——
　　Onethingwehavetomark，hisBritannicMajesty，commanderofsuchanArmy，——andofsuchaPurse，whichisstillmorestupendous，——hasrisen，intheGazetteerestimateandhisown，toahighpitchofimportance。TobeSupremeJoveofTeutschland，inamanner；andacts，forthepresentSummer，inthatsublimecapacity。
　　TwoDiplomaticfeatsofhis，——oneaTreatydoneandtumbleddownagain，theotheraTreatydoneandletstand（"TreatyofWorms，"
　　and"Conferences，"orNON—Treaty"ofHanau"），——areofmomentinthisHistoryandthatofthethenWorld。OfthesetwoTransactions，duebothofthemtosuchanArmyandsuchaPurse，weshallhavetotakesomenoticebyandby；therestshallbelongtoNightandherleadensceptre——muchgoodmaytheydoher！
　　SometendaysafterDettingen，Broglio（whowascracklingofffromDonauwurth，inviewoftheLinesofSchellenberg，thatvery27thofJune）endedhisretreattotheRhineCountries；"glorious，"thoughratherswift，andeatenintobytheTolpatcheriesofPrinceKarl。
　　"July8th，atWimpfen"（intheNeckarRegion，somewaySouthofDettingen），BrogliodelivershistroopstoMarechaldeNoailles’scare；and，nextmorning，rushesofftowardsStrasburg，andquietOfficiallife，asGovernorthere。
　　"Thedayafterhisarrival，"saysFriedrich，"hegaveagrandballinStrasburg:"[OEuvresdeFrederic，
　　iii。10。]"Beholdyourconqueringherosafeagain，myfriends！"
　　AnungratefulCourtjudgedotherwiseofthehero。TookhisStrasburgGovernmentfromhim，gaveittoMarechaldeCoigny；
　　orderedtheherotohisEstatesintheCountry，Normandy，ifI
　　remember；——wherehesoondiedofapoplexy，poorman；andwilltroublenoneofusagain。"Amanbornforsurprises，"saidFriedrichlongsince，intheStrasburgDoggerel。Losthisindispensablegarnitures，attheFordofSecchiaonce；andnow，intheselasttwelvemonths，isconsideredtohavedoneaseriesofblusteryexplosions，derogatorytothegloryofFrance，andruinoustothatsublimeBelleisleEnterpriseforouething。
　　AruinedEnterprisethat，atanyrate；seldomwasEnterprisebetterruined。Here，underBroglio，amidthetitteringsofmankind，hasthetailoftheOriflammegonethesamebadroadasitsheaddid；——
　　intozeroandouterdarkness；leavingtheexpensestopay。Likeamadtavern—brawlofone’sownraising，thebiggestthateverwas。
　　Hascostalready，Ishouldguess，some80，000FrenchdrilledMen，paiddown，onthenail，totheinexorableFates:andofcoinedMillions，——howmany？Insubsidies，inequipments，inwaste，inlossandwreck:Dryasdustcouldnothavetoldme，hadhetried。Andthenthebreakages，damagesstillchargeable；theprobableafterclap？
　　Foryoucannotquitegratuitouslytweakpeoplebythenose，inyourwantonhumor，overyourwine！——Onewillingman，orMostChristianMajesty，canatanytimebeginaquarrel；butthereneedalwaystwoormoretoenditagain。
　　MostChristianMajestyisnotsosensibleofthisfactasheafterwardsbecame；butwhatwithBroglioandtheextinctOriflamme，whatwithDettingenandtheincipientPragmatic，heisheartilydisgustedanddiscouraged；andwisheshehadnotthoughtofcuttingGermanyinFour。July26th，MostChristianMajestyappliestotheGermanDiet；signifying"ThathedidindeedundertaketohelptheKaiser，accordingtotreaties；butwasthefarthestintheworldfrommeaningtoinvadeGermany，onhisownscore。Thathehadandhasnoquarrel，exceptwithAustriaasKaiser’senemy；andisreadytobefriendsevenwithAustria。AndnowindeedintendstowithdrawhistroopswhollyfromtheGermanterritory。Andcanthereforehopethatallunpleasantnesswillcease，betweentheGermanNationandhim；andthatperhapstheKaiserwillbeabletomakepeacewithherMajestyofHungaryonsoftertermsthanatonetimeseemedlikely。Ifonlytheanimositiesofsovereignpersonswouldassuagethemselves，andeachofuswouldlookwithoutpassionattheissuereallydesirableforhim！"[Espagnac，i。200。Adelung，iii。B，199
　　（26thJuly）；Ib。201（theAnswertoit，16thAugust）。]
　　Thatisnow，26thJuly，1743，KingLouis’sstoryforhimselftotheDietoftheHolyRomanEmpire，TeutschbyNation，sittingatFrankfurtinratherdisconsolatecircumstances。TheDietnaturallyanswered，"JAWOHL，JAWOHL，"inintricateofficiallanguage，——
　　nobodyneedknowwhattheDietanswered。ButwhattheHungarianMajestyanswered，strongandhighinsuchBritannicbacking，——thiswasofsuchunexpectedtone，thatitfixedeverybody’sattention；
　　andwillveryspeciallyrequiretobenotedbyus，inthecourseofaweekortwo。
　　Wesaid，herHungarianMajestywasgettingcrownedinBohemia，gettingpersonallyhomagedinUpperAustria，abouttogetvice—
　　homagedinBavariaitself，——nothingbutgloriouspomp，butloyaltyloudlyvocal，inPrag，inLinzandtheonce—afflictedCountries；
　　atherreturntoVienna，shehasmetthenewsofDettingen；andisreadytostrikethestarswithhersublimehead。"MylittlePaladinbecomeSupremeJove，too:aha！"
　　BRITANNICMAJESTYHOLDSHISCONFERENCESOFHANAU。
　　BritannicMajestystayedtwowholemonthsinHanau，brushinghimselfupagainafterthatfiercebout；andconsidering，withmuchdubitation，Whatisthenextthing？"GoinuponNoailles[whoisstillhangingabouthere，withBrogliocomingonintheexplodedstate]；wreckBroglioandhim！GoinupontheFrench！"sourgesStairalways:rashStair，urgenttotheedgeofimportunity；
　　EnglishOfficersandMartialBoyurgentlybackingStair；whiletheHanoverianOfficersandMartialParentaresteadytotheotherview。Sothat，inrespectofWar，thenextthing，fortwomonthscoming，wasabsolutelynothing，andtotheendoftheCampaignwasnothingworthamoment’snoticefromus。ButontheDiplomaticside，thereweretwosomethings，CONFERENCESATHANAUwithpoorKaiserKarl，andTREATYATWORMSwiththeKingofSardinia；
　　which——asminusquantities，orthingslessthannothing——turnedouttobehighlyconsiderableforhisBritannicMajestyandus。
　　HANAU，7thJuly—1stAUGUST，1743。"PoorKaiserKarlhadleftAugsburgJune26th，——whilehisBrogliowasferryingatDonauworth，andhisSeckendorftreatyingforArmisticeatNieder—Schonfeld，——
　　theverydaybeforeDettingen。Whatapieceofnewstohim，thatDettingen，onhisreturntoFrankfurt！
　　"AfewdaysafterDettingen，July3d，Noailles，whoisstillwithincall，cameacrosstoseethispoorstepsonofFortune；
　　givespiteousaccountofhim，ifanyonewerenowcuriousonthathead:HowhebitterlycomplainsofBroglio，oftheno—subsidiessent，andisdrivennearlydesperate；——notapennyinhispocket，beyondall。UponwhichlatterclauseNoaillesmunificentlyadvancedhima$6，000。’Draughtof40，000crowns，inmyownname；whichdoubtlesstheKing，inhiscompassion，willseegoodtosanction。’
　　[CampagnesdeNoailles（Amsterdam，1760:
　　thisisaSequel，orratherVICEVERSA，tothatwhichwehavecalledDESTROISMARECHAUX，beingofthesameCollection），i。316—328。]HisfeelingsonthelossofDettingenmaybepictured。
　　Buthehadlaidhisaccountwithsuchthings；——preparedfortheworst，sincethatInterviewwithBroglioandConti；oneplannowleft，’Peace，costwhatitwill！’
　　"ThepoorKaiserhadalready，aswesaw，gotintohopesofbargainingwithhisBritannicMajesty；andnowheinstantlysetsaboutit，whileHanauisvictorioushead—quarters。BritannicMajestyisnothimselfveryforward；butCarteret，Iratherjudge，hadtakenupthenotion；andonhisMajesty’sandCarteret’spart，thereisactuallythewishandattempttopacificatetheReich；
　　todosomethingtolerableforthepoorKaiser，aswellassatisfactorytotheHungarianMajesty，——satisfactory，orcapableofbeing（bythePurse—holder）insistedonassuch。
　　"AndsotheLandgrafofHessen，excellentWilhelm，KingGeorge’sfriendandgossip，iscomeovertothatlittleTownofHanau，whichishisown，intheSchlossofwhichKingGeorgeislodged:
　　andthere，betweenCarteretandourLandgraf，——theKingofPrussia’sAmbassador（HerrKlinggraf），andoneortwoselectlyzealousOfficialpersons，assistingorwatching，——wehave’ConferencesofHanau’goingon；inazealousfashion；allpartieseagerforPeacetoKaiserandReich，andingoodhopeofbringingitabout。Thewish，ardenttoadegree，hadbeentheKaiser’sfirstofall。Thescheme，Iguess，waschieflyofCarteret’sdevising；
　　who，inhismagnificentmind，regardlessofexpense，thinksitmaybepossible，anddiscernswellwhatastrokeitwillbefortheCauseofLiberty，andhowgloriousforaBritannicMajesty’sAdviserinsuchcircumstances。July7th，theConferencesbegan；
　　and，sofrankandloyalweretheparties，inaweek’stimematterswereadvancedalmosttocompletion，thefundamentaloutlinesofabargainsettled，andalmostreadyforsigning。
　　"’GivememyBavariaagain！’theKaiserhadalwayssaid:’IamHeadoftheReich，andhavenothingtoliveupon！’Ononepreliminary，Carterethadalwaysbeeninexorable:’HavedonewithyourFrenchauxiliaries；sendeverysoulofthemhome；theGermansoilonceclearedofthem，muchwillbepossible；tillthennothing。’
　　KAISER:’Well，givemebackmyBavaria；myBavaria，andsomethingsuitabletoliveupon，asHeadoftheReich:somedecentAnnualPension，tillBavariacomeintopayingcondition，——cannotyou，whoaresowealthy？AndBavariamightbemadeaKingdom，ifyouwishedtodothehandsomething。IwillrenouncemyAustrianPretensions，quitutterlymyFrenchAlliances；consenttohaveherHungarianMajesty’saugustConsortmadeKingoftheRomans[whichmeansKaiserafterme]，andinfactbeverysafetotheHouseofAustriaandtheCauseofLiberty。’Toallthisthethrice—unfortunategentleman，titularEmperoroftheWorld，andunablenowtopayhismilk—scores，iseagertoconsent。TocontinuecrossingtheAbyssesonbridgesofFrenchrainbow？NothingbutFrenchsubsidiestosubsiston；andthesehowpaid，——Noailles’sprivatepocketknowshow！’Iconsent，’saidtheKaiser；’willforgiveandforget，andbygonesshallbebygonesallround！’’FaironhisImperialMajesty’spart，’admitsCarteret；’wewilltrytobepersuasiveatVienna。Difficult，butwewilltry。’Inameekmattershadcometothispoint；andthemorrow，July15th，wasappointedforsigning。
　　MostimportantofProtocols，foundation—stoneofPeacetoTeutschland；KingFriedrichandtheimpartialPowersapproving，withBritannicGeorgeanddrawnswordpresiding。
　　"KingFriedrichapprovesheartily；andhopesitwilldo。
　　LandgrafWilhelmisproudtohavesavedhisKaiser，——whosogladastheLandgrafandhisKaiser？Carteret，too，isveryglad；
　　exulting，ashewellmay，tohavecomposedtheseworld—deliriums，orconcentratedthemuponpeccantFrance，hewithhissinglehead，andtohavegotavalueoutofthatabsurdPragmaticArmy，afterall。Amanofmagnificentideas；whohopes’tobringFriedrichovertohismind；’tounitepoorTeutschlandagainstsuchOriflammeInvasionsandintolerableinterferences，andtosettletheaccountofFranceforalongwhile。HeistheonlyEnglishMinisterwhospeaksGerman，knowsGermansituations，interests，ways；orhastheleastrealunderstandingofthishugeGermanImbroglioinwhichEnglandisvoluntarilyweltering。Andtruly，hadCarteretbeenKingofEngland，whichhewasnot，——nay，hadKingFriedrichevergottounderstand，insteadofmisunderstand，whatCarteretWAS，——heremighthavebeenaconsiderableaffair！
　　"Butitnow，attheeleventhhour，cameuponmagnificentCarteret，nowseeminglyforthefirsttimeinitsfullforce，ThatheCarteretwasnotthemaster；thattherewasabewilderedParliamentathome，apoorpeddlingDukeofNewcastleleaderofthesame，withhisLordsoftheRegency，whocouldfatallyputanegativeonallthis，unlesstheywerefirstgainedover。Onthemorrow，July15th，Carteret，insteadofsigning，asexpected，hasto——purposeafortnight’sdelaytillheconsultinEngland！Absolutelywouldnotandcouldnotsign，tillaCouriertoEnglandwentandreturned。
　　ToLandgrafWilhelm’s，toKlinggraf’sandtheKaiser’sverygreatsurprise，disappointmentandsuspicion。ButCarteretwasinflexible:’willonlytakeafortnight，’saidhe；’andIcanhopeallwillyetbewell！’
　　"TheCouriercamebackpunctuallyinafortnight。HisMessagewaspresentedatHanau，August1st，——andranconclusivelytotheeffect:’No！We，NoodleofNewcastle，andmyotherLordsofRegency，donotconsent；muchless，willundertaketocarrythethingthroughParliament:Bynomannerofmeans！’SothatCarteret’slatelytoweringAffairhadtocollapseignominiously，inthatmanner；poorCarteretprotestinghissorrow，hisunalterableindividualwishesandfutureendeavors，nottospeakofhisBritannicMajesty’s，——andpolitelypressingonthepoorKaiseragiftof15，000pounds（firstweeklyinstalmentofthe’AnnualPension’thatHAD，intheory，beensetapartforhim）；whichtheKaiser，thoughindigent，declined。[Adelung，iii。B，206，209—212；
　　seeCoxe，MemoirsofPelham（London，1829），i。75，469。]’
　　"ThedisgustofLandgrafWilhelmwasinfinite；who，honestman，sawinallthismerelyanartificeofCarteret’s，ToundotheKaiserwithhisFrenchAllies，toquirkhimoutofhispoorhelpfromtheFrench，andhavehimattheirmercy。’Shameonit！’criedLandgrafWilhelmaloud，andmanyotherslessaloud，KlinggrafandKingFriedrichamongthem:’WhataCarteret！’TheLandgrafturnedawaywithindignationfromperfidiousEngland；andbeganformingquiteoppositeconnections。’Youshallnotevenhavemyhired6，000，youperfidious！Thingdonewithsuchdexterityofart，too！’thoughttheLandgraf，——andcontinuedtothink，tillevidenceturnedup，aftermanymonths。[CARTERETPAPERS（inBritishMuseum），AdditionalMSS。No。22，529（May，1743—January，1745）；inNo。22，527（January—
　　September，1742）areotherLandgraf—WilhelmpiecesofCorrespondence。]ThiswasFriedrich’sopiniontoo，——permanently，I
　　believe；——andthatofnearlyalltheworld，tillthethingandtheDoerofthethingwerecontemptuouslyforgotten。ApieceofMachiavelismonthepartofCarteretandperfidiousAlbion，——equalinrefinedcunningtothatoftheShipswithfoulbottom，whichvanishedfromCadiztwoyearsago，andwereadmiredwithashudderbyContinentalmankindwhocouldseeintomillstones！
　　"ThisisthesecondstrokeofMachiavellianArtbythoseIslanders，intheirtrulyvulpinemethod。StrokeofArtimportantforthisHistory；andworththeattentionofEnglishreaders，——beingalmostofpatheticnature，whenonecomestounderstandit！Carteret，forthisHanaubusiness，hadclangorenoughtoundergo，poorman，fromGermansandfromEnglish；whichwaswhollyunjust。’Histrade，’saytheEnglish——（orusedtosay，tilltheyforgottheirconsiderableCarteretaltogether）——’wasthatofrisingintheworldbyfeedingthemadGermanhumorsoflittleGeorge；amiserabletrade。’Yes，myfriends；——butitwasnotquiteCarteret’s，ifyouwillpleasetoexamine！Andnonesay，Carteretdidnotdohistrade，whateveritwas，withacertaingreatness，——atleasttillhabitsofdrinkingrathertookhim，Poorman:impatient，probably，ofsuchfortunelongcontinued！Forhewasthrownout，nextSessionofParliament，byNoodleofNewcastle，onthosestrangeterms；andnevercouldgetinagain，andisnowforgotten；andtheresucceededhimstillmoremournfulphenomena，——saidNoodleorthepoorPelhams，namely，——ofwhom，asofstraugeminusquantitiessettomanageouraffairs，thereisstillsomedrearyremembranceinEngland。Well！"——
　　Carteret，thoughtherehadbeennoDukeofNewcastletorunathwartthisfinescheme，wouldhavehadhisdifficultiesinmakingherHungarianMajestycomply。HerMajesty’sgreatheart，incurablygrievedaboutSilesia，isbentonhaving，ifnotrestorationoneday，whichisahopesheneverquits，atanyratesomeample（cannotbetooample）equivalentelsewhere。OntheHanauscheme，unitedTeutschland，withEnglandforsoultoit，wouldhavefallenvigorouslyonthethroatofFrance，andmadeFrancedisgorge:
　　Lorraine，Elsass，theThreeBishoprics，——nottothinkofBurgundy，andearlierplundersfromtheReich，——herewouldhavebeen"cutandcomeagain"forherHungarianMajestyandeverybody！——ButDiana，intheshapeofhisGraceofNewcastle，intervenes；andallthishasbecomechimericalandworse。
　　ItwaswhileCarteret’scourierwasgonetoEnglandandnotcomeback，thatKingLouismadetheabove—mentionedmild，almostpenitent，DeclarationtotheReich，"Goodpeople，letushavePeace；andallbeaswewere！I，formyshare，wishtobeoutofit；Iamforhome！"And，ineffect，wasalreadyhome；
　　everyFrenchmaninarmsbeing，bythistime，onhisownsideoftheRhine，asweshallpresentlyobserve。
　　For，thesameday，July26th，whilethatwasgoingonatFrankfurt，andCarteret’sreturn—courierwasdueinfivedays，hisBritannicMajestyatHanauhadasplendidvisit，——tendingnottowardsPeacewithFrance，butquitetheoppositeway。VisitfromPrinceKarl，withKhevenhullerandotherdignitaries；doingusthathonor"tilltheeveningofthe28th。"QuittingtheirArmy，——whichisnowintheseneighborhoods（Brogliowellgonetoairaheadofit；
　　Noaillestoo，atthefirstsuresniffofit，havingrusheddouble—
　　quickacrosstheRhine），——thesehighGentlemenhaverunovertous，foracoupleofdays，to"congratulateonDettingen；"or，betterstill，toconsult，facetoface，aboutulteriormovements。"FollowNoailles；transfertheseatofwartoFranceitself？Thesearemyorders，yourMajesty。CombinedInvasionofElsass:whataslashmaybemadeintoFrance[righthandsellingofyourCarteretScheme]
　　thisveryyear！""Proper，ineverycase！"answerstheBritannicMajesty；andengagestoco—operate。UponwhichPrinceKarl——aftertheduereviewing，dinnering，ceremonialblaring，whichwassplendidtowitness[Anonymous，DukeofCumberland，pp。65，86。]——hastensbacktohisArmy（nowlyingaboutBadenDurlach，70，000strong）；andoughttobeswift，whilethechancelasts。
　　HUNGARIANMAJESTYANSWERS，INTHEDIET，THATFRENCHDECLARATION，"MAKEPEACE，GOODPEOPLE；IWISHTOBEOUTOFIT！"——INANOMINOUSMANNER。
　　Thesearefineprospects，intheFrenchquarter，ofanequivalentforSchlesien；——veryfine，unlessDianaintervene！Dianaornot，Frenchprospectsornot，herHungarianMajestyfastensonBavariawithuncommontightnessoffist，nowthatBavariaissweptclear；
　　wellresolvedtokeepBavariaforequivalent，tillbettercome。
　　Exacts，byherdeputy，HomagefromthePopulationthere；
　　strictOathofFealtytoHER；poorKaiserprotestinghisuttermost，tonopurpose；Kaiser’spoorPrinter（atRegensburg，whichisinBavaria）getting"triedandhanged"forprintingsuchProtest！
　　"ShedraughtsforciblytheBavarianmilitiasintoherItalianArmy；"ishighandmercilessonallhands；——inaword，throttlespoorBavaria，asiftothechokingofitoutright。SothattheveryGazetteersinforeignplacesgavevoice，thoughBavariaitself，suchagrasponthethroatofit，wasvoiceless。Seckendorf’spoorBargainforneutralityasaBavarianReich—Army，herHungarianMajestydisdainstoconfirm；toconfirm，oreventoreject；
　　treatsSeckendorfandhisBavarianArmylittleotherwisethanasastraydogwhichshehasnotyetshot。AndtrulytheoldFeldmarschallliesatWembdingen，inmostdisconsolatemoultingcondition；littleornothingtoliveupon；——theEnglish，generouscreatures，hadatonetimeflunghimsomething，fancyingtheArmisticemightbeuseful；butnowitmustbetheFrenchthatdoit，ifanybody！[Adelung，iii。B，204（"22dAngust"），206，&c。]
　　HanauConferenceshavingfailed，thesethingsdonotfail。
　　KaiserKarlisbecometragicaltothinkof。AspectacleofpitytoLandgrafWilhelm，toKingFriedrich，andseriouson—lookers；——andperhapsnotofpityonly，butof"pityandfear"tosomeofthem！——
　　sullenAustriatakingitssweetrevenges，inthisfashion。
　　Readerswhowilllookthroughthesesmallchinks，mayguesswhataworld—welterthiswas；andhowFriedrich，gazingintophaseonphaseofit，asintoOraclesofFate，whichtohimtheywere，hadaHistory，inthesemonths，thatwillnowneverbeknown。
　　August16thcameoutherHungarianMajesty’sResponsetothatmildquasi—penitentDeclarationofKingLouistotheReich；andmuchastonishedKingLouisandothers，andtheveryReichitself。
　　"Outofit？"saysherHungarianMajesty（whomwewithregret，forbrevity’ssake，translatefromOfficialintovulgate）:"HisMostChristianMajestywishestobeoutofit:——Doesnothe，the（whatshallIcallhim）CrownedHousebreakertakeninthefact？Youshallgetoutofit，pleaseHeaven，whenyouhavemadecompensationforthedamagedone；andtillthennot，ifitpleaseHeaven！"Andinthisstrain（lengthilyOfficial，thoughindignanttoadegree）
　　enumeratesthewantonunspeakablemischiefsandoutrageswhichAustria，akindofsacredentityguaranteedbyLawofNatureandElevenSignaturesofPotentates，hassufferedfromtheMostChristianMajesty，——andwillhavecompensationfor，Heavennowpointingtheway！[INEXTENSOinAdelung，iii。B，201etseqq。]
　　AmostportentousDocument；fullofsombreemphasis，insonoroussnufflingtoneofvoice；enunciating，withinflexiblepurpose，anumberofunexpectedthings:veryportentoustohisPrussianMajestyamongothers。Formsaturning—pointorcrisisbothintheFrenchWar，andinhisPrussianMajesty’sHistory；andoughttobeparticularlynotedanddatedbythecarefulreader。ItisherethatwefirstpubliclyheartellofCompensation，thenecessityAustriawillhaveofCompensation，——AustriadoesnotsayexpresslyforSilesia，butshesaysandmeansforlossofterritory，andforallotherlosseswhatsoever:"Compensationforthepast，andsecurityforthefuture；thatismyfullintention，"snufflesshe，inthatslowmetallictoneofhers，irrevocableexceptbythegods。
　　"Compensationforthepast，Securityforthefuture:"Compensation？
　　whatdoesherHungarianMajestymean？askedalltheworld；
　　askedFriedrich，thenowProprietorofSilesia，withpeculiarcuriosity！ItisthefirsttimeherHungarianMajestystepsarticulatelyforwardwithsuchextraordinaryClaimofDamages，asifshealonehadsuffereddamage；——butitisafixedpointatVienna，andisanagitatingtopictomankindinthecomingmonthsandyears。LorraineandtheThreeBishoprics；therewouldbeafinecompensation。Thenagain，whatsayyoutoBavaria，inlieuoftheSilesialost？YouhaveBavariabythethroat；keepBavaria，you。
　　Give"Kur—Baiern，Kaiserastheycallhim，"somethingintheNetherlandstoliveupon？WillbebetteroutofGermanyaltogether，withhisFrenchleanings。Or，givehimtheKingdomofNaples，——ifoncewehadconquereditagain？Thesewereactualschemes，successive，simultaneous，muchoccupyingCarteretandthehighHeadsatViennanowandafterwards；whichcamealltonothing；
　　butshouldwereitnotimpossible，beheldinsomeremembrancebyreaders。
　　Anotherstillmoreunexpectedpointcomesouthere，inthissingularDocument，publiclyforthefirsttime:Austria’sfeelingsinregardtotheImperialElectionitself。Namely，ThatAustria，considers，andhasallalongconsidered，thesaidElectiontobefatallyvitiatedbythatExclusionoftheBohemianVote；tobeinfactnullifiedthereby；andthat，toherclearview，thepresentso—calledKaiserisanimaginaryquantity，andamereKaiserofFrenchshredsandpatches！"DERSEYN—SOLLENDEKAISER，"snufflesAustriainonepassage，"YourKaiserasyoucallhim；"andinanotherpassage，insteadof"Kaiser，"putsflatly"Kur—Baiern。"
　　ThisisamostextraordinarydoctrinetoanElectoralRomishReich！
　　IstheHolyRomishReichtoDECLAREitselfan"EnchantedWiggery，"
　　then，anddosuicide，forbehoofofAustria？——
　　"August16th，thisextraordinaryDocumentwasdeliveredtotheChanceryofMainz；andSeptember23d，itwas，contrarytoexpectation，broughttoDICTATURbysaidChancery，"——ofwhichlatterphrase，andphenomenon，hereistheexplanationtoEnglishreaders。
　　HadthelateKur—Mainz（generalArch—Chairman，SpeakeroftheDiet）
　　beenstillinofficeandexistence，certainlysoshockingaDocumenthadneverbeenallowed"tocometoDICTATUR，"——tobedictatedtotheReich’sClerks；tohaveafirstreading，asweshouldcallit；oreventolieonthetable，withatheoreticchancethatway。ButAustria，thankstoourlittleGeorgeandhisPragmaticArmament，hadgotanewKur—Mainz；——bywhom，inopencontemptofimpartiality，andinopenleaningforAustriawithallhisweight，itwasdulyforwardedtoDictature；broughtbeforeanastonishedDiet（REICHSTAG），andendlesslyarguedofinReichstagandReich，——withsmallbenefittoAustria，orthenewKur—Mainz。
　　WisekindnesstoAustriahadbeensuppressionofthisPiece，notbringingofittoDictatureatall:butthenewKur—Mainz，calledupon，andconsciousoffacesufficient，hadnotscrupled。
　　"Shameonyou，partialArch—Chancellor！"exclaimsalltheworld。——
　　"RevokesuchshamefullypartialDictature？"thiswasthenextquestionbroughtbeforetheReich。Inwhich，Kur—Hanover（BritannicGeorge）wastheoneElectorthatopined，No。Majorityconclusive；
　　though，asusual，nosettle—mentattainable。Thisisthefamous"DICTATUR—SACHE（DictatureQuestion），"whichragesonus，foraboutelevenmonthstocome，inthosedistractedoldBooks；andseemsasifitwouldneverend。Noristhereanysayingwhenitwouldhaveended；——hadnot，inAugust，1744，somethingelseended，theKingofPrussia’spatience，namely；whichenabledittoend，ontheKaiser’sthenorder！[Adelung，iii。B，201，iv。198，&c。]
　　Itmustbeowned，ingeneral，theconductofMariaTheresatotheReich，eversincetheReichhadventuredtorejectherHusbandasKaiser，andpreferanother，wasallalongofahighnature；tillnowithasgrownintoabsolutecontumacy，andatreatingoftheReich’selectedKaiserasamerelychimericalpersonage。NolawoftheReichhadbeenviolatedagainstherHungarianMajestyorHusband:"Whatlaw？"askedalljudges。VicariusKur—Sachsensat，incommittee，hatchingformanymonthsthatQuestionoftheKur—BohmenVote；andbytheprescribedmethods，broughtitoutinthenegative，——everyformalityandregularityobserved，andnobodybutyourAustrianDeputyprotestinguponit，whenrequestedtogohome。
　　But，thehighMariahadanotionthattheReichbelongedtoheraugustFamilyandher；andthatallElectionstothecontrarywereaninconclusivething，fundamentallyvoideveryoneofthem。
　　Thustoo，longbeforethis，inregardtotheREICHS—ARCHIV
　　Question。TheArchivesandindispensablestOfficialRecordsandPapersoftheReich，——thesehadlainsolongatVienna，thehighMariacouldnotthinkofgivingthemup。"SodifficulttoextricatewhatPapersareAustrianspecially，fromwhatareAustrian—
　　Imperial；——musthavetime！"answeredshealways。AndneithertheKaiser’smoreandmorepressingdemands，northoseofthelateKur—Mainz，backedbytheReich，andreiteratedmonthaftermonthandyearafteryear，couldavailinthematter。Mereangrycorrespondences，growingeverangrier；——theArchivesoftheReichlayirrecoverableatVienna，detainedonthispretextandonthat:
　　norweretheyevergivenup；butlaytheretilltheReichitselfhadended，muchmoretheKaiserKarlVII。！Thesearehighprocedures。
　　AsiftheReichhadbeenone’sownchattel；asifaNon—AustrianKaisermereimpossible，andtheReichanditslawshad，evenOfficially，becomephantasmal！That，infact，wasMariaTheresa’sinarticulateinbornnotion；andgradually，ashersuccessesonthefieldrosehigher，itbecameevermorearticulate:tillthisof"theSEYN—SOLLENDEKaiser"putacrownonit。Justifiable，iftheReichwithitsLawswereachattel，orrebelliousvassal，ofAustria；notjustifiableotherwise。"Hearye？"answeredalmostalltheReich（eightKurfursts，withtheoneexceptionofKur—Hanover:
　　asweobserved）:"OursolemnlyelectedKaiser，KarlVII。，isathingofquirksandquiddities，ofFrenchshredsandpatches；
　　atpresent，itseems，theReichhasnoKaiseratall；andwillgoeverdeeperintoanarchiesandunnamabilities，tillitproceedanewtogetone，——oftherightAustriantype！"——TheReichisatalkingentity:KingFriedrichisboundrathertosilence，solongaspossible。Histhoughtsonthesemattersarenotgiven；butsureenoughtheywerecontinual，toointensetheycouldhardlybe。
　　"Compensation；""TheReichasgoodasmine:"Whitherisallthistending？WalraveandthoseSilesianFortifyings，——letWalravemindhiswork，andgetitperfected！
　　BRITANNICMAJESTYGOESHOME。
　　The"CombinedInvasionofElsass"——letussaybriefly，oversteppingtheorderofdate，andstillforamomentleavingFriedrich——cametonothing，thisyear。PrinceKarlwas70，000；BritannicGeorge（whenoncethoseDutch，crawlingonallsummer，hadactuallycomeup）was66，000，——nay70，000；Karlhavinglenthimthatbeautifulcannibalgentleman，"ColonelMentzeland4，000Tolpatches，"bywayofedge—trimming。KarlwastocrossinUpperElsass，intheStrasburgparts；Karlonceacross，BritannicMajestywastocrossaboutMainz，andco—operatefromLowerElsass。Andtheyshouldhavebeenswiftaboutit；andwerenot！AlltheworldexpectedasevereslashtoFrance；andFranceitselfhadthedueapprehensionofit:
　　butFranceandalltheworldweremistaken，thistime。
　　PrinceKarlwasslowwithhispreparations；NoaillesandCoigny（Broglio’ssuccessor）werenotslow；"raisingbatterieseverywhere，"raisinglines，"10，000ElsassPeasants，"andwhatnot；
　　——sothat，bythetimePrinceKarlwasready（middleofAugust），theylayintrenchedandminatoryatallpassablepoints；andKarlcouldnowhere，inthatUpper—RhineCountry，byanymethod，getacross。Nothinggotacross；exceptonceortwiceforperhapsaday，ButcherTrenckandhisloosekennelofPandours；whowentabout，plunderingandrioting，withloudrodomontade，totheadmirationoftheGazetteers，ifofnooneelse。
　　NorwasGeorge’ssecondingofimportantnature；mostdubitative，whollypassive，youwouldrathersay，thoughtheRiver，inhisquarter，layundefended。Hedid，atlast，crosstheRhineaboutMainz；wentlanguidlytoWorms，——didanever—memorableTREATYOF
　　WORMSthere，ifnofightingthereorelsewhere。WenttoSpeyer，wheretheDutchjoinedhim（sadlyshortofnumbersstipulated，haditbeentheleastmatter）；——wasatGermersheim，atwhatotherplacesIforget；manoeuvringaboutinalanguidandasifinanaimlessmanner，atleastitwasinaperfectlyineffectualone。