andwithoutwaitingsignalorfartherorders，everyinstantbeingprecious，rapidlyformshimself；andplungesdownonthesepoorpeople。"Compactasawall，andwithanincrediblevelocity（D’UNE
VITESSEINCROYABLE），"saysoneofthem。FiguretheastonishmentofDauphiness；ofpoorBroglio，whocommandsthehorsehere。Takeninflank，insteadoftakingotherpeople；intercepted，notintheleastneedingtointercept！Hasnotimetoform，thoughhetriedwhathecould。OnlythetwoAustrianregimentsgotcompletelyformed；therestveryincompletely；andSeidlitz，intheblazeofrapidsteel，isinuponthem。ThetwoAustrianregiments，andtwoFrenchthatarenamed，madewhatdebatewasfeasible；——couragenowisewanting，insuchsadwantofcaptaincy；naySoubiseinpersongallopedintoit，ifthatcouldhavehelped。Butfromthefirst，thematterwashopeless；Seidlitzslashingitatsucharate，andplungingthroughitandagainthroughit，thrice，somesayfourtimes:sothat，inthespaceofhalfanhour，thislucklesscavalrywasalltumblingofftheground；plungingdown—
hill，infullflight，acrossitsowninfantryorwhateverobstacle，Seidlitzonthehipsofit；andgallopingmadlyoverthehorizon，towardsFreiburgasitproved；andwasnotagainheardofthatday。
Inabouthalfanhourthatbitofworkwasover；andSeidlitz，withhisrankstrimmedagain，haddrawnhimselfsouthwardalittle，intotheHollowofTageswerben，theretowaitimpendingphenomena。
ForFriedrichwiththeInfantryisnowemergingoverJanusHill，inahighlythunderousmanner，——eighteenpiecesofartillerygoing，and"fourbiggunstakenfromthewallsofLeipzig；"andtherewillbeeventsanon。Itissaid，Hildburghausen，atthefirstglimpseofFriedrichoverthehill—top，whisperedtoSoubise，"Wearelost，RoyalHighness！"——"Courage！"Soubisewouldanswer；andboth，letushope，didtheirutmostinthisextremelybadpredicamenttheyhadgotinto。
Friedrich’sartillerygoesatamurderousrate；hadcomeinview，overthehill—top，beforeSeidlitzended，——"nothingbut，themuzzlesofitvisible"（andthefire—torrentsfromit）touspoorFrenchbelow。Friedrich’slines；orratherhisoneline，meretipofhisleftwing，——onlysevenbattalionsinit，fiveofthemunderKeithfromthesecondorreserveline；wholecentreandrightwingstanding"refused"inobliquerank，invisible，BEHINDtheHill，——
Friedrich’sline，wesay，theartillerytoitsright，shootsoutinmysteriousPrussianrhythm，inechelons，inpotences，obliquelydowntheJanus—Hillside；straight，rigid，regularasironclock—
work；andstridestowardsus，silent，withthelightningsleepinginit:——FriedrichhasgottheflankofDauphiness，andmeanstokeepit。Onceandagainandathirdtime，poorSoubise，withhispoorregimentsmuchinanimbroglio，hereheapedononeanother，therewithwidegaps，haltbeingsosudden，——attemptstorecovertheflank，andpushesoutthisregimentandtheother，rightward，tobeevenwithFriedrich。Butseeswithdespairthatitcannotbe；
thatFriedrichwithhisechelons，potencesandmysteriousPrussianresources，pullshimselfoutlikethepiecesofaprospect—glass，pieceafterpiece，hopelesslyfastandseeminglynoendtothem；
andthattheflankislost，andthat——UnhappyGeneralsofDauphiness，whataphenomenonforthem！AterribleFriedrich，notfledtoMerseburgatall；butmountedthereontheJanusHill，asonhissaddle—horse，withfacequitetheotherway；——andforholster—pistol，haspluckedouttwenty—twocannon。Cladverilyinfire；Chimera—like，RIDINGtheJanusHill，inthatmanner；leftleg（orwing）ofhimspurningusintotheabysses，rightonereadytohelpatdiscretion！
Hildburghausen，Iwillhope，doeshisutmost；Soubise，Broglio，forcertaindo。TheFrenchlineisinfront，nextthePrussians:
poorGeneralsofDauphinessarepantingtoretrievethemselves。
Butwithregimentsjammedinthisastonishingway，andgotcollectivelyintothelion’sthroat，whatcanbedone？
Steady，rigidasironclock—work，thePrussianlinestridesforward；atfortypaces’distancedeliversitsfirstshockoflightning，burstsintoplatoonfire；andsocontinues，steadyattherateoffiveshotsaminute，——hardtoendurebypoormassesallinacoil。"Theartillerytoredownwholeranksofus，"saystheWutenbergDragoon；[HisLetterinMULLER，p。83。]"thePrussianmusketrydidterribleexecution。"
Thingsbegan%owaververysoon，FrenchreelingbackfromthePrussianfire，Reichstroopsrockingveryuneasy，tornbysuchartillery；when，tocrownthematter，Seidlitz，seeingallthingsrocktothedueextent，burstsoutofTageswerbenHollow，terriblycompactandfurious，upontherearofthem。Whichsetsallthingsintoinextricabletumble；andtheBattleisbecomearoutandaridingintoruin，noBattleevermore。Lastedtwenty—fiveminutes，thissecondactofit，ortillhalf—pastfour:afterwhich，thecurtainsrapidlydescending（Night’scurtain，weretherenoother）
covertheremainder；theonlystage—direction，EXEUNTOMNES。
Whichfora50or60，000，riddenoverbySeidlitzHorse，wasnotquiteaneasymatter！Theyleft，ofkilledandwounded，near3，000；
ofprisoners，5，000（Generalsamongthem8，Officers300）:insum，about8，000；nottomentioncannon，67or72；withstandards，flags，kettle—drumsandmeanerbaggagesADLIBITUMinamanner。
ThePrussianlosswas，165killed，376wounded；——betweenasixteenthandafifteenthpartoftheirs:innumberthePrussianshadbeenlittlemorethanonetothree；22，000ofallarms，——notabovehalfofwhomevercameintothefire；Seidlitzandsevenbattalionsdoingallthefightingthatwasneeded，St。Germaintriedtocovertheretreat；but"gotbroken，"hesays，——Mayerburstinginonhim，——andsoonwenttoslushliketheothers。
Seldom，almostnever，notevenatCrecyorPoictiers，wasanyArmybetterbeaten。Andtruly，wemustsay，seldomdidanybetterdeserveit，sofarastheChiefPartieswent。Yes，Messieurs，thisisthePETITMARQUISDEBRANDEBOURG；youwillknowthisone，whenyoumeethimagain！Theflight，theFrenchpartofit，wastowardsFreiburgBridge；infullgallop，longafterthechasehadceased；
crossingoftheUnstrutthere，hoarse，many—voiced，allnight；
burningoftheBridge；foundburnt，whenFriedricharrivednextmorning。HehadencampedatObschutz，shortwayfromthefielditself。FrenchArmy，ReichsArmy，allwasgonetostaves，toutterchaoticwreck。HildburghausenwentbyNaumburg；crossedtheSaalethere；benthomewardsthroughtheWeimarCountry；onewildfloodofruin，swiftasitcouldgo；atErfurt"onlyoneregimentwasinrank，andmarchedthroughwithdrumsbeating。"HisArmy，whichhadbeendisgustinglyunhappyfromthefirst，andwasnowfallenfluidonthesemadterms，flowedallawayindifferentrills，eachbythecoursestraightesthome；andHildburghausenarrivingatBamberg，withhardlytheghostormutilatedskeletonofanArmy，flungdownhistruncheon，——"AmurrainonyourReichsArmiesandregimentalchaoses！"——andwentindignantlyhome。ReichsArmyhadtobeginatthebeginningagain；anddidnotreappearonthescenetilllatenextYear，underanewCommander，andwithslightlyimprovedconditions。
DauphinessProperwasinnobettercase；andwouldhaveflowedhomeinlikemanner，hadnothomebeensofar，andthewayunknown。
TwelvethousandofthemrushedstragglingthroughtheEichsfeld；
plunderingandharrying，likeCossacksorCalmucks:"Armyblownasunder，overacircleoffortymiles’radius，"writesSt。Germain:
"hadtheEnemypursuedus，afterIgotbroken[burstinuponbyMayerandhisFree—Corpspeople]wehadbeenannihilated。
NeverdidArmybehaveworse；thefirstcannon—salvodecidedourroutandourshame。"[St。GermaintoVerney:differentExcerptsofLettersinthetwoweeksafterRossbachandbefore（giveninPreuss，ii。97）。]
Intwodays’time（November7th），theFrenchhadgottoLangensalza，fifty—fivemilesfromtheBattle—fieldofRossbach；
plundering，running，SACRE—DIEU—ing；awilddelugeofmoltenwreck，fillingtheEichsfeldwithitswastenoises，makingnighthideousanddaytoo；——inthevillagesPlacardswerestuckup，appointingNordhausenandHeiligenstadtforrallyingplace。[Muller，p。73。]
Soubiserode，withfewattendants，allnighttowardsNordhausen，——
eightymilesoff，footoftheBrackenCountry，wheretheRichelieuresourcesare；——Soubisewithfewattendants，facesettowardstheBrocken；himself，itislike，inasomewhathag—riddencondition。
"ThejoyofpoorTeutschlandatlarge，"saysoneofmyNotes，"andhowallGermans，PrussianandAnti—Prussianalike，flunguptheircaps，withunanimousLEBE—HOCH，atthenewsofRossbach，hasoftenbeenremarked；andindeedisstillalmosttouchingtosee。
TheperhapsbravestNationintheworld，thoughtheleastbraggart，verycertainlyEINTAPFERESVOLK（astheirGoethecallsthem）；
solonginsulted，snubbedandtrampledon，byaluckier，notabraver:——hasnotyourexultantDauphinessgotabeautifullittledoseadministeredher；andisgoneoffinfoulshrieks，andpangsoftheinterior，——letnomanaskwhitherward！’SIUNALLEMANDPEUT
AVOIRDEL’ESPRIT（CanaGermanpossiblyhavesharpnessofwits）？’
Well，yes，itwouldseem:hereisoneGermangraduatewhounderstandshismedicine—chest，andthequalityofpatients！——
Dauphinessgotnopityanywhere；plentyofepigrams，andmostlynothingbutlaughtereveninParisitself。Napoleonlongafter，whomuchadmiresFriedrich，findsthatthisVictoryofRossbachwasinevitable；’butwhatfillsmewithastonishmentandshame，’addshe，’isthatitwasgainedbysixbattalionsandthirtysquadrons[sevenproperly，andthirty—eight]oversuchamultitude！’
[Montholon，MEMOIRES&C。DENAPOLEON（Napoleon’sPrecisdesGuerresdeFrredericII。，vii。210）。]——Itiswellknown，Napoleon，afterJena，asifJenahadnotbeenenoughforhim，toredownthefirstMonumentofRossbach，somepoorashlarPyramidorPillar，raisedbytheneighborhood，withnothingmoreafflictiveinscribedonitthanadate；andsentitoffincartsforParis（wherenostoneofiteverarrived，theThuringencarmenslinkingoff，andleavingitscatteredindifferentplacesoverthefaceofThuringeningeneral）；sothattheyhadthetroubleofanewonelately。"[Rodenbeck，Beitrage，i。
299；ib。p。385，LithographofthepoorextinctMonumentitself。]
FromFriedrichthe"ArmyoftheCircles，"thatis，DauphinessandCompany，——calledHOOPERSor"Coopers"（TONNELIERS），withadesperateattemptatwitbypun，——gettheirAdieuinwordswithal。
ThisisthefamedCONGEDEL’ARMEEDESCERCLESETDESTONNELIERS；
ashortmetricalPiece；calledbyEditorsthemostprofane，mostindecent，most&c。；andprintedwithasteriskveilsthrownovertheworstpassages。Whoshalldare，searchingandrummagingforinsightintoFriedrich，andcomplainingthatthereisnone，toliftanyportionoftheveil；andsay，"See——Faugh！"Thecynicism，truly，butalsotheirrepressiblehonestexultation，hasakindofepiccompleteness，andfulnessofsincerity；and，atbottom，thethingisnothinglikesowickedascarelesscommentatorshavegivenout。
Daretolookalittle:—
"ADIEU，GRANDSERASEURSDEROIS，"soitstarts:"Adieu，grandcrushersofKings；arrogantwind—bags，Turpin，Broglio，Soubise，——
Hildburghausenwiththegraybeard，foolishstillaswhenyourbeardwasblackintheTurk—Wartime:——briskjourneytoyouall！"
Thatisthefirststanza；unexceptionable，hadweroom。Thesecondstanzais，——withtheveilspartiallylifted；withprobably"MOISE"
putintothefirstblank，andintothethirdsomethingoforbelongingto"CESAR，"——
"Jevowsaivucomme……
DansdesroncesencertainlieuEutl’honneurdevoir……
OucommeaugredesaluxureLebonNicomedeal’ecartAiguillonnaitsaflammeimpureDes……"
Enoughtosay，theAuthor，withawildburstofspiritualenthusiasm，singsthecharmsoftherearwardpartofcertainmen；
andwhataroyalecstaticfelicitytheresometimesisinindisputablesurveyofthesame。HerisestotheheightsofAnti—
Biblicalprofanity，quotingMosesontheHillofVision；sinkstothebottomlessofhumanorultra—humandepravity，quotingKingNicomedes’sexperiencesonCaesar（happilyknownonlytothelearned）；and，inbrief，recognizesthatthereis，onoccasion，considerablebeautyinthatquarterofthehumanfigure，whenitturnsonyouopportunely。Amostcynicalprofaneaffair:yet，wemustsaybywayofparenthesis，onewhichgivesnocountenancetoVoltaire’satrocitiesofrumoraboutFriedrichhimselfinthismatter；thereverserather，ifwellread；beingaltogethertheoretic，scientific；singswithgustotheglowofbeautyyoufindinthatunexpectedquarter，——whileKICKINGitdeservedlyandwithenthusiasm。"Toseethe"——whatshallwecallit:seatofhonor，infact，"ofyourenemy:"hasitnotanundeniablecharm？"Iowntoyouinconfidence，OSoubiseandCompany，thisfinelaurelIhavegot，andwassoinneedof，isnothingmoreorotherthanthesightofyour"——FOURASTERISKS。"Obligeme，wheneverclandestineFatebringsustogether，byshowingmethat"——alwaysthat，ifyouwouldgivemepleasurewhenwemeet。"Andoh，"nextstanzasays，"tothinkwhatourgloryisfoundedon，"——onviewofthatunmentionableobject，Ideclaretoyou！——Andthroughotherstanzas，gettingsmuttyenough（thoughintheoryonly），whichweneednotprosecutefarther。[OEuvresdeFrederic，xii。70—73
（WRITTENatFreiburg，6thNovember，whenhisMajestygotthither，andfoundtheBridgeburnt）。]Acertainheartinessandepicgreatnessofcynicism，life’snakednessgrownalmostasifinnocentagain；animmensesuppressedinsuppressibleHaha，onthepartofthisKing。StrangeTE—DEUMindeed。Comingfromtheveryheart，truly，asfewofthemdo；butnot，inotherpoints，recommendableatall！——Here，ofthenightbefore，issomethingbetter:——
TOWILHELMINA。
"NEARWEISSENFELS[OBSCHUTZ，infact；doesnotknowyetwhattheBattlewillbeCALLED]，5thNovember，1757。
"Atlast，mydearSister，Icanannounceyouabitofgoodnews。
YouweredoubtlessawarethattheCooperswiththeircircleshadamindtotakeLeipzig。Iranup，andhovethembeyondSaale。TheDucdeRichelieusentthemareinforcementoftwentybattalionsandfourteensquadrons[say15，000horseandfoot]；theythencalledthemselves63，000strong。YesterdayIwenttoreconnoitrethem；
couldnotattackthemintheposttheyheld。Thishadrenderedthemrash。Todaytheycameoutwiththeintentionofattackingme；butI
tookthestartofthem（LESAIPREVENU）。ItwasaBattleENDOUCEUR
（softtoone’swish）。ThankstoGodIhavenotahundredmenkilled；theonlyGeneralillwoundedisMeinecke。MyBrotherHenriandGeneralSeidlitzhaveslighthurts[gun—shots，notsoslight，thatofSeidlitz]inthearm。WehavealltheEnemy’scannon，allthe……IaminfullmarchtodrivethemovertheUnstrut[alreadydriven，yourMajesty；bridgeburning]。
"You，mydearSister，mygood，mydivineandaffectionateSister[faithfultothebone，ingoodtruth，poorWilhelmina]，whodeigntointerestyourselfinthefateofaBrotherwhoadoresyou，deignalsotoshareinmyjoy。TheinstantIhavetime，Iwilltellyoumore。Iembraceyouwithmywholeheart；Adieu。F。"
[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。i。310。]
ULTERIORFATEOFDAUPHINESS；FLIESOVERTHERHINEINBADFASHION:
DAUPHINESS’SWAYSWITHTHESAXONPOPULATIONINHERDELIVERANCE—WORK。
FriedrichhadnomorefightingwiththeFrench。November9th，atMerseburg，inallstillness，DukeFerdinandgothisBritannicCommission，hisfullPowers，fromFriedrichandthepartiesinterested；inallstillnessmadehisarrangements，asifforMagdeburgandhisGovernorshipthere，——FriedrichhasteningoffforSilesiathewhile。DukeFerdinanddidstaysixdaysinMagdeburg，inspectingorpretendingtoinspect；verypleasantwithhisSisterandtheRoyaltiesthat，arenowthere；but，atmidnightofdaysixthshotoffsilentlyonwidererrand。And，insum，onThursday，24thNovember，1757，appearedinStade，onhorsebackatmorningparadethere；intimating，towhatjoyofthepoorBrunswickGrenadiersandothers，Thathewascometotakecommand；
thatKloster—Zevenisabolished；thatwearenotan"ObservationArmy，"rottinghereintheparishpound，anylonger，butan"AlliedArmy"（suchnowourtitle），intendingtostrikeforourselves，andgetoutofpoundstraightway！——
"THURSDAY，24thNOVEMBER—TUESDAY，29th。DukeFerdinanddidaccordinglypickupthereinsofthisdistractedAffair；and，inawaywonderfultosee，shotsanityintoeveryfibreofit；andkeptitsaneandroad—worthyfortheFiveYearscoming。Withasilentvelocity，anenergy，animperturbablesteadfastnessandclearinsightintocauseandeffect；whichwerecreditabletotheschoolhecamefrom；andwereaveryjoyfulsighttoPittandothersconcerned。SothatfromnextTuesday，’November29th，beforedaylight，’whenFerdinand’sbatteriesbeganplayinguponHarburg（FrenchFortressnearesttoStade），thereignoftheFrenchceasedinthoseCountries；andanastonishedRichelieuandhisFrench，lyingscatteredoveralltheWestofGermany，inreadinessfornothingbutplunder，hadtofallmoreorlessdistractedintheirturn；anddoanumberofastonishingthings。Totrythisandthat，offutile，moreorlessfranticnature；bedrivenfrompostafterpost；bedrivenacrosstheAllerfirstofall；——Richelieutogohomethereupon，andbesucceededbyonestillmoreincompetent。
"DECEMBER13th，afortnightafterFerdinand’sappearance，RichelieuhadgottothesafesideoftheAller（burningofZelleBridgeandZelleTownthere，hislastactinGermany）；Ferdinand’squartersnowwideenough；andvigorousspeedofpreparationgoingonforfartherchase，weretheweathermended。FEBRUARY17th，1758，Ferdinandwasonfootagain；PrincedeClermont，thestillmoreincompetentsuccessorofRichelieu，gazingwide—eyeduponhim，butdoingnothingelse:andforthenextsixweekstherewasseenaoncetriumphantRichelieu—D’EstreesFrenchArmy，muchinrags，muchindisorder，interror，andhereandtherealmostindespair，——
wingingtheirway；likecloudsofdraggledpoultrycaughtbyamastiffinthecorn。AcrossWeser，acrossEms，finallyacrosstheRhineitself，everyfeatherofthem，——theirlong—drawncackle，ofashriekytype，fillingallNatureinthosemonths；themastiffsteadilyfollowing。[Mauvillon，i。252—284（"9thNovember，1757—1stApril，1758"）；Westphalen，i。316—503（abundantlyexplicit，authenticandevenentertaining，——withtheampleCorrespondences，ib。ii。147—350）；Schaper，ViemilitaireduMarechalPrinceFerdinand（2tomes，8vo，Magdebourg，1796，1799），i。7—100（acarefulBook；ofanofficialexactitude，likeWestphalen’s，——andappearstobeleftincompletelikehis）。]TotheastonishmentofPittandmankind。CanthisbethesameArmythatRoyalHighnessledtotheSeaandtheParishPound？Thesameidentically，wastedtoabouttwo—thirdsbyRoyalHighness；notadruminitchangedotherwise，onlyOneMandifferent，——andheistheimportantone！
"Pitt，whenthenewsofRossbachcame，awakeningthebonfiresandsteeple—bellsofEnglandtosuchapitch，hadresolvedonanemphaticmeasure:thatofsendingEnglishTroopstoreinforceourAlliedArmy，anditsnewGeneral；——suchanAllyasthatRossbachonebeingrareintheeyesofPitt。’PostponethemeetingofParliament，yetafewdays，yourMajesty，’saidPitt，’tillIgettheestimatesready！’[Thackeray，i。310。]TowhichMajestyassented，andallEnglandwithhim:’England’sownCause，’thinksPitt，withconfidence:’ourwayofConqueringAmerica，——and，inthecircumstances，ouroneway！’Englishdidland，accordingly；firstinstalmentofthem，a12，000（inAugustnext），increasedgraduallyto20，000；withnoendoffurnishingstothemandeverybody；
withresultsagainsatisfactorytoPitt；andveryfamousintheEnglandthatthenwas，dimastheyarenowgrown。"
Theeffectofallwhichwas，thatPitt，withhisFerdinandsandreinforcements，foundworkfortheFrencheveronwardsfromRossbach；FrenchalsoturningasifexclusivelyuponperfidiousAlbion:andthethingbecame，inTeutschland，aselsewhere，adueloflifeanddeathbetweenthesenaturalenemies，——Teutschlandthecentreofit，——TeutschlandandtheaccessibleFrenchSea—Towns，——
butthecircumferenceofitgoingroundfromManillaandMadrastoHavanaandQuebecagain。Wide—spreadfuriousduel；prize，Americaandlife。Bylandandsea；handsomelydonebyPittonbothelements。Landpart，wesay，wasalwaysmainlyinGermany，underFerdinand，——inHessenandtheWestphalianCountries，asfarwestasMinden，asfareastasFrankfurt—on—Mayn，generallywellnorthofRhine，wellsouthofElbe:thatwas，forfiveyearscoming，thecockpitorplaceofdeadlyfencebetweenFranceandEngland。
Friedrich’sarenalieseastwardofthat，occasionallyplayingintoitalittle，andplayedintobyit，andalwaysinlivelysympathyandconsultationwithit:but，excepttheFrenchsubsidizings，diplomatizings。andgreatdiligenaeagainsthiminforeignCourts，Friedrichis，inpracticalrespects，freeoftheFrench；andeverafterRossbach，FerdinandandtheEnglishkeeptheminfullwork，——
growingyearlytoofull。AheavyBusinessforEnglandandFerdinand；whichishappilykeptextraneoustoFriedrichthenceforth；tohimandus；whichisnotonthestageofhisaffairsandours，butistobeconceivedalwaysasvigorouslyproceedingalongsideofit，closebeyondthescenes，andliableatanytimetomaketragicentryonhimagain:——ofwhichweshallhavetonoticethelouderoccurrencesandcardinalphases，but，forthefuture，nothingmore。
Soubise，whohadcreptintotheskirtsoftheRichelieuArmyinHanoverorHessenCountry，hadofcoursetotakewinginthatgeneralfrightbeforethemastiff。SoubisedidnotcrosstheRhinewithit；Soubisemadeoffeastward；[Westphalen，i。501（"endofMarch，1758"]。]——foundnewroostinHanau—FrankfurtCountry；
andhadthoughtsofjoiningtheAustriansinBohemianextCampaign；
butgotneworder，——suchthepinchesofawingedClermontwithamastiffFerdinandathispoordraggledtail；——andcamebacktotheFerdinandscene，tohelpthere；andneversawFriedrichagain。
BothBroglioandhehadagooddealoffighting（mostlybeating）
fromFerdinand；andagreatdealoftroubleandsorrowinthecourseofthisWar；butafterRossbachitisnotFriedrichorwe，itisFerdinandandtheDestiniesthathavetodowiththem。
PoorSoubise，exceptthathewasthecreatureofGeneralissimaPompadour，whichhadsomethingradicallyabsurdinit，didnotdeserveallthelaughterhegot:amanofsomechivalry，somequalities。AsforBroglio，Irememberalways，notwithouthumanemotion，thetwoextremepointsofhiscareerasasoldier:
RossbachandtheFalloftheBastille。Hewastowardsforty，whenFriedrichbestrodetheJanusHillinthatfierymanner；
hewasturnedofseventywhen，fromthepavementsofParis，theChimeraofDemocracyroseonhim，infireofastillmorehorribledescription。
Dauphiness—Bellona，inherspecialandinherwidestsense，hasmadeexit，then。Gone，likecloudsofdraggledpoultryhomeacrosstheRhine。ShewasthemostmaraudingArmylatelyseen，alsothemostgasconading，andhadtheleastcapacityforfighting:
threeworsequalitiesnoarmycouldhave。Howshefought，wehaveseensufficiently。Beforetakingleaveofherforever，readers，assheisaparagoninherkind，wouldperhapstakeaglanceortwoathermaraudingqualities，——byagoodopportunitythatoffers。
PlothoatRegensburg，thatasupremeReichsDietmayknowwhata"deliveranceofSaxony"thishasbeen，submitsonedaythefollowingirrefragableDocuments，"whichhavehappened，"notwithoutgoodindustryofmyown，"tofallintomy[Plotho’s]
hands。"TheyareDocumentspartlyofepistolary，partlyofaPetitionaryform，presentedtoPolishMajesty，outofthatSaxonCountry；andhaveanAFFIDAVITqualityaboutthem，oneandall。
1。BIGDAUPHINESS（thatis，D’Estrees）INTHEWESELCOUNTRIES，AT
ANEARLYSTAGE，——WHILESTILLENDEAVORINGWHATSHECOULDTOBEHAVE
WELL，HANGING1，000MARAUDERSANDTHELIKE（AprivateLetter）:——
"COUNTYMARK，20thJUNE，1757。TheFrenchtroopsaregoingonhereinawaytoutterlyruinus。Schmidt，theirPresidentofJustice，whomtheysetupinCleve，hasgotorderstochangealltheMagistraciesoftheCountry[Protestantbynature]，soasthathalfthemembersshallbeCatholic。BielefeldwasopenlyplunderedbytheFrenchforthreehourslong。YoucannotbypossibilityrepresenttoyourselfwhattheactualstateofmiseryintheseCountriesis。ASCHEFFELofryecoststhreethalerssixteengroschen[whoknowshowmanytimesitsnaturalprice！]。AndnowwearetobeforcedtoeatthespoiledmealthoseFrenchtroopsbroughtwiththem；whichisgonetosuchastatenoanimalwouldhaveit。Thispoisonedmealwearetobuyfromthem，readymoney，atthepricetheyfix；andthatfaminemayinduceus，theyareabouttostopthemills，andforciblytakeawaywhatlittlebread—
cornwehaveleft。Godhavepityonus，anddeliverussoon！
Nextweekwearetohaveatransitof6，000Pfalzers[Kur—Pfalz，foolishidlefellow，andKur—Baierntoo，arebothinsubsidyofFrance，asusual；6，000Pfalzersjustduehere]；these，Isuppose，willsweepuscleanbare。"[Helden—Geschichte，iv。399。]:
WeselFortress，GateoftheRhine，couldnotbedefendedbyFriedrich:andtheHanoverIncapables，andEnglandstillallinSt。Vitus，wouldnothearofundertakingit；leftitwideopenfortheFrench；nevercouldrecoverit，orgettheRhine—Gatebarredagain，duringthewholeWar。Onehopestheyrepented；——butperhapsitwasonlyPittandDukeFerdinandthatdidso，instead！TheWeselCountrieswereatonceoccupiedbytheFrench；"aconquestofherImperialMajesty’s；"continuedtobeadministeredinImperialMajesty’sname，——andarethrivingasabove。
2。DAUPHINESSPROPER（thatis，Soubise）INTHURINGEN，ATALATESTAGE:——
"LETTERFROMFREIBURG，SHORTLYAFTERROSSBACH。——Itwasonthe23dOctober，aSunday，thatweofFreiburghadourfirstbilletingofFrench；abodyofCavalryfromdifferentregiments[goingtotakeLeipzig，takeTorgau，whatnot]:andfromthatdayFreiburgneveremptiedofFrench，whokeptmarchingthroughitinextraordinaryquantities。Themarchinglastedfourteendays，namely，tillthe6thNovember[dayAFTERRossbach；whentheyburntourpoorBridge，andmarchedforthelasttime]；andoftenthebilletingwassoheavy，thatinasinglehousetherewerefortyorfiftymen。Whoatalltimeshadtobelodgedanddietedgratis；naymanyhouseholders，overandabovetheordinarymeal，wereobligedtogivethemmoneytoo；andmanypoorpeople，whocanscarcelygettheirownbitofbread，hadtorunandbringatoncetheirsixteenoreighteengroschen[pence]worthofwine，nottospeakofcoffeeandsugar。
Andagreatincreaseofthemischiefitwasalways，thatthesoldiersandcommonpeopledidnotunderstandoneanother’slanguage。"——Heavybilleting；butwhatwasthat？……"Vast，nearlyimpossible，quantitiesofforageandprovision，"werewrungfromus，asfromalltheotherTownsandVillagesabout，"undercontinualthreateningtoburnandrazeusfromtheearth。OftendidourFrenchColonelthreaten，’HewouldhavethecannonopenedonFreiburgstraightway。’Nay，haditstoodbyforaging，wemighthavereckonedourselveslucky。Butourstraitsincreaseddaybyday；
andsheerplunderingbecamemoreandmoreexcessive。
"Therobbingandtorturingoftravellers，theplunderingandburningofSaxonVillages……AlmostalltheTownsandVillageshereaboutsaresoplunderedout，thatmanyaonenowhasnothingbutwhathecarriesonhisbody。Plunderingwasuniversal:andnosoonerwasonepartyaway，thananothercame，andstillanother；
andoftenthesamehousewasthreeorfourtimesplundered。
Branderode，aVillagetwoleaguesfromthis[standsontheFieldofRossbach，ifwelook]，issoruinedout，thatnobodyalmosthasanythingleft:ChiefInspectorBaronvonBose’sSchlossthere，withitssplendidappointments，theyruinedutterly；tookallmoney，victuals，valuables，furniture，clothes，linenandbeds，alltheycouldcarry；whatcouldnotbecarriedaway，theycut，hewedandsmashedtopieces；brokethewine—casks；andeventoreupthedocumentsandletterstheyfoundlyingintheplace。
BranderodeDorfwastwicesetfiretobythem；andwas，atlast，withZeuchfeld，whichisanAmtsdorf，——afterbothhadbeenplundered，——reducedtoashes。TheChurchesofBranderodeandZeuchfeld，withseveralotherChurches，wereplundered；thealtarsbroken，thealtar—clothsandothervesturescuttopieces，andthesacredvesselsandcupscarriedaway，——except[forwehaveanotarialexactness，andwillexaggeratenothing]thatinthecaseofBranderodetheysentthecupback。Ofthepollutionofthealtars，andoftheblasphemoussongsthesepeoplesanginthechurches，onecannotthinkwithouthorror。
"AnditwasmerelyourpretendedAlliesandProtectorsthathavedesecratedourdivineservice，utterlywastedourCountry，reducedtheinhabitantstowantanddesperation，and，inshort，havesobehavedthatyouwouldnotknowthisregionagain。TrulythesetroopshaverealizedforusmostoftheinfamiesweheardreportedoftheCossacks，andtheirravagingsinPreussenlately。
"ItisoneoftheirsmallestdoingsthattheyrobbedaSaxonClergyman[nameandcircumstancescanbegivenifrequired），threetimesover，onthepublicHighway；shotathim，tiedhimtoahorse’stailanddraggedhimalongwiththem；sothatheisnowlyingill，indangerofhislife。Onthewhole，itisourbelovedPastors，Clergymenmostofall，thathavebeenplunderedofeverythingtheyhad。
"BalgartandZschieplitz，bothVillageshalfaleaguefromthis，havelikewisebeenheavilyplundered；theyhaveevenlefttheParsonnothingbutwhatheworeonhisback。Grost，"anotherRossbachplace，"whichbelongstotheKammerjunkerHeldorf，haslikewise"……OHE，SATIS！——"Allthishappenedbetweenthe23dand3lstOctober；consequentlybeforetheBattle……InmanyVillagesyouseethetreesandfieldssprinkledwithfeathersfromthebedsthathavebeenslitup。
"InseveralVillagesbelongingtotheRoyalElectoralprivyCouncillorvonBruhl[whoisproperlythefountainofallthisandofmuchothermiserytous，ifweknewit！]theplunderinglikewisehadbegun；andaquantityofaboutahundredswine[soho！]hadbeencutinpieces:butinthemidstoftheirwork，theAlliesheardthatthesewereBruhlestates，andceasedtheirhavocofthem。Theseaccordinglyaretheonlylandsinallthisregionwhosefatehasbeentolerable。
"Theappellation，everymomentrenewed，of’Heretic！’wasthecourteousaddressfromthesepeopletoourfellow—Christians；
’hereticdogs（KETZERISCHEHUNDE）’wasaPRADICATalwaysintheirmouth。
"InWeischutz，"amileortwofromus，uptheUnstrut，"aFrenchColonelwhowantedtorideoutupontheworks，madethetherePastor，MagisterSchren，stoopdownbywayofhorse—block，andmountedintothesaddlefromhisback。[Messieurs，youwillkindlethewrathofmankindsomeday，andgetaterribleplucking，withthosehighwaysofyours！]
"Churchesareallsmashed；obscenesongsweresung，informoflitany，fromthepulpitsandaltars；whatwasdonewiththecommunion—vessels，whentheywerenotworthstealing，"——ishideoustothereligioussense，andshallnotbementionedinhumanspeech。
3。THEBROGLIOREINFORCEMENTCOMINGACROSSTOJOINSOUBISE，AND
PERFORMATROSSBACH（HumblePetitionfromtheMagistratesofSangerhausen，TotheKingofPoland’sMajesty）:——
SANGERHAUSEN，23dOCTOBER，1757。——"Scarcelyhadwe，withprofoundsubmission（ALLERUNTERTHANIGST），underdateofthe13thcurrent，representedtoyourRoyalMajestyandElectoralTranslucencyhowheavilywewerepresseddownbytheforagerequisitionsandtransitsoftroops，andtheconsequent，expenditureinfood，drinking，inoatsandhay，whichnoonepays，——whendirectlythereafter，onthe14thofOctober，anewFrenchparty，oftheFischerCorps，"——FischerisamightyHussar，scarcelyinferiortoTurpin；，andstandsinastonishingauthoritywithRichelieu，andanArmywhoseobjectisplunder，[Ferdinand’sCorrespondente，SOEPIUS
（Westphalen，i。40—127）；&c。&c。]——"newpartyoftheFischerCorps，ofsomesixtymenandhorse，arrivedintheTown；demandedmeat，drink，oatsaudhay，andallthingsnecessary；
whichtheyreceivedfromus；——andnotonlypaidnotonefarthingforallthis，butfurthermoresomeofthem，insteadofthankstotheirLandlord，Rossold，forciblybrokeuphispress，drankhisbrandy，andcarriedoffaTOUTE（gather—all）withmoneyinit。
FromaTanner，Lindauerbyname，theybargainedforabuckskin；
andhavingtaken，wouldnotpayit。IntheRATHSKELLER（TownPublic—house）theydrankmuchwine，andgavenothingforit:nayonmarchingoff，——becausenomountedguide（REITENDERBOTE）wasathand，andthoughtheyhadbeforeexpresslysaidnonesuchwouldbeneeded，——theyrushedaboutlikedistractedpersons（WIERASENDE
LEUTE）inthemarket—placeandinthestreets；beatthepeople，tumbledthemabout，andluggedthemalong，inaviolentmanner；
usingabusivelanguagetoafrightfulextent，andthreateningeverymisfortune。
"Hardlywereweridofthisconfusionandastonishmentwhen，onOctober21st，awholeswarmofhorses，men，women，childrenandwagons，whichlikewiseallbelongedtotheFischerCorps，andwerecommandedbyFirst—LieutenantSchmidt，cameintoourTown。
Thistroopconsistedof80men，partinfantry，partcavalry；
withsome80work—horses，10baggage—wagons，andabout100persons，women，sickpeopleandthelike。Theystayedthewholenighthere；
mademeat，drink，corn，hayandwhatevertheyneededbebroughtthem；andwentoffnextdaywithoutpayinganything。
"OurInnswerenowalmostquiteexhaustedofforageincornorhay；
andweknewnothowweweretopaywhathadbeenspent，——whenthethirtyFrenchLightCavalry，ofwhomwe，withprofoundsubmission，onthe13thHUJUSgaveyourRoyalMajestyandElectoralTranslucencyaccount，renewedtheirvisituponus；came，underthecommandofRittmeisterdeMocu，onthe22dofOctober[whilethebaggage—wagons，work—horses，women，sick，andsoforth，werehardlygone]，towardsevening，intotheTown；consumedinmeatanddrink，oatsandhay，andthelike，whattheycouldlayholdof；andnextmorningearlymarchedaway，paying，astheircustomis，nothing。
"Notenoughthat，——besidesthegreatforage—contribution（LIEFERUNG），whichwealready，withprofoundsubmission，notifiedtoyourRoyalMajestyandElectoralTranslucencyashavingbeenlaiduponus；andthat，byorderoftheDucdeBroglio，anewrequisitionisnowlaidonus，andwehavehadtoengageforsixty—
fourmoresacksofwheat，andthirty—twoofrye（asisnotedunderheadA，intheenclosedcopy），——therehasfarthercomeonus，onthepartoftheReichsArmy，fromKreis—CommissariusHeldorf[whoseSchlossofGrost，weperceive，theyhavesinceburnt，bywayofthankstohim[Supra，No。2。]]，thesimultaneousOrderforinstantdeliveryofForage（asunderheadB，hereenclosed）！Thusarewe，attheappointedplaces，allatoncetofurnishsuchquantities，morethanwecanraise；andknownotwhenorwhereweshall，eitherforwhathasbeenalreadyfurnished，orforwhatisstilltobe，receiveonepennyofmoney:nay，overandabove，wearetosustainthemanymarchingsoftroops，andprovidetothesamewhatmeat，drink，oats，hayandsoon，theyrequire，withouttheleastreturnofpayment！
"Sounendurable，and，takenalltogether，sohard（SIC）beginstheconductofthesetroops，thatprofessbeingcomeasfriendsandhelpers，toappeartous。AndHeavenaloneknowshowlong，underacontinuanceofsuchthings，thesubjects（whomtheHail—stormoflastyearhadatanyrateimpoverished）shallbeabletosupportthesame。Wewould，wereareasonabledeliveryofforagelaiduponusevenatalowprice，andtheboardandbilletofthemarchingtroopspaidtouseveninpart，layoutourwholestrengthinhelpingtobeartheburdensoftheFatherland；butifsuchthingsgoon，whichwillsoonleaveusonlybarelifeandemptyhuts，wecanlookforwardtonothingbutourruinanddestruction。But，asitisnotyourRoyalMajesty’sandElectoralTranslucency’smostgraciouswillthatwe，yourMostSupremeSelf’smostfaithfulsubjects，shouldentirelyperish，thereforewerepeatourformermostsubmissiveprayeronceagainwithhot（SIC）sorrowofmindtoHighest—the—Same；andsobmostsubmissivelyforthathelpwhichyourMostSupremeSelf，throughmostgraciousmediationwiththeDucdeRichelieu，withtheReichsArmyorwhereverelse，mightperhapsmostgraciouslyprocureforus。Who，indeepestlongingthitherwards，withthemostdeepestdevotion，remain——"[
Helden—Geschichte，iv。688—691。]（NAMES，unfortunately，notgiven）。
HowmanySaxonsandGermansgenerally——alas，howmanymenuniversally——crytowardscelestialluminariesofthegoverningkindwiththemostdeepestdevotion，intheirextremeneed，undertheirunsufferableinjuries；andaretrulylikedogsinthebackyardbarkingattheMoon。TheMoonwon’tcomedowntothem，andbeeatenasgreencheese；theMooncan’t！
4。DAUPHINESSAFTERROSSBACH。"Excise—InspectorNeitsche，atBebra，nearWeissenfels[BebraiswellaheadfromFreiburgandtheburntBridge，andagoodtwenty—fivemileswestofWeissenfels]，writesTotheKingofPoland’sMajesty，9thNOVEMBER，1757:——
"MayitpleaseyourRoyalMajestyandElectoralTranslucency，outofyourhighestgrace，totakeknowledge，fromtheaccompanyingRegistersSUBSIGNOMARTIS[signunknowntoreadershere]，ofthethingswhich，inthenameofthisTownshipofBebra，theBurgermeisterJohannAdam，withtheRathsandothersconcerned，havelaidbeforetheExcise—Inspectionhere。Asfollows:——
"ItwillbealreadywellknowntotheExcise—Inspectionthatonthe7thofNovember（A。C。）ofthecurrentyear[daybeforeyesterday，infact！]，theFrenchArmysohandledthisplaceastohavenotonlytakenfromtheinhabitants，byopenforce，allbreadandarticlesoffood，butlikewiseallclothes，beds，linens（WASCHE），andotherportablegoods；thatithasbroken，splittopieces，andemptiedout，allchests，boxes，presses，drawers；hasshotdead，inthebackyardsandonthethatch—roofs，allmanneroffeathered—
stock，ashens，geese，pigeons；alsocarriedforthwithitallswine，cow，sheepandhorsecattle；laidviolenthandsontheinhabitants，clappedguns，swords，pistolstotheirbreast，andthreatenedtokillthemunlesstheyshowedandbroughtoutwhatevergoodstheyhad；orelsehashuntedthemwhollyoutoftheirhouses，shootingatthem，cutting，stickingandatlastdrivingthemaway，therebytohavethefreerroomtorobandplunder:flungouthayandotherharvest—stockfromthebarnsintothemudanddung，andhadittrampledtoruinunderthehorses，feet；nay，infact，hasdealtwiththisplaceinsounpermittedawayaseventothemosthard—heartedmanmustseemcompassionable。"——Poorfellows:CETERA
DESUNT；butthatisenough！WhatcanaPolishMajestyandElectoralTranslucencydo？HeretooisasorrowfulhowlingtotheMoon。
[Helden—Geschichte，iv。692。]……"Forahundredmilesround，"writesSt。Germain，"theCountryisplunderedandharriedasiffirefromHeavenhadfallenonit；
scarcelyhaveourplunderersandmaraudersleftthehousesstanding……Ileadabandofrobbers，ofassassins，fitforbreakingonthewheel；theywouldturntailatthefirstgunshot，andarealwaysreadytomutiny。IftheGovernment（LACOUR，"withitsPompadourpresiding，veryunlikelyforsuchanenterprise！）
"cannotlaytheknifetotherootofallthis，wemaygiveupthenotionofWar。"[St。Germain，afterRossbachandbefore（inPreuss，UBISUPRA）。]……
SuchapitchhaveFrenchArmiessunkto。WhenwasthereseensuchaBellonaasDauphinessbefore？Nay，infact，sheisthesamedevil—
servingArmythatMarechaldeSaxecommandedwithsuchtriumph，——
MarechaldeSaxeinbetterluckforopponents；Armytheninayoungerstageofitsdevelopment。Foamingthenassweetmust，asnewwine，inthehandsofaskilfulvintner，poisonousbutbrisk；
notrun，asnow，tothevinegarstate，intolerabletoallmortals。
Shecannowannouncefromhercamp—theatresthereverseoftheRoucouxprogram，"To—morrow，Messieurs，youaregoingtofight；
ourManagerforesees"——youwillbebeaten；andwecannotsaywhatorwherethenextPiecewillbe！Impious，licentious，high—flaringefflorescenceofalltheVicesisnottoberedeemedbytheoneQuasi—Virtueofreadinesstobeshot；——sweetofthatkind，andsourofthis，arethesamesubstance，ifyouonlywait。HowkindwastheDeviltohisSaxe；andflewawaywithhiminrose—pink，whileitwasstilltime！
ChapterIX。
FRIEDRICHMARCHESFORSILESIA。
ThefameofFriedrichishighenoughagainintheGazetteerworld；
allpeople，andtheFrenchthemselves，laughingattheirgrandiloquentDauphiness—Bellona，andwritingepigramsonSoubise。
ButFriedrich’sdifficultiesarestillenormous。Oneenemycomingwithopenmouth，youplungeinupon，andruin，onthishand；anditonlygivesyouroomtoattemptuponanotherbiggeroneonthat。
Soubisehehasfinishedhandsomely，forthisseason；butnowhemusttryconclusionswithPrinceKarl。Quick，towardsSilesia，afterthisgloriousVictorywhichtheGazetteersarecelebrating。
ThenewsoutofSilesiaareominouslydoubtful，badatthebest。
DukeBevern，onceWinterfeldwasgone，had，asweobserved，felthimselffreetoact；unchecked，butalsounsupported，bycounselofthedueheroism；andhadactedunwisely。MadedirectforSilesia，namely，wherearemeal—magazinesandstrongplaces。PrinceKarl，theysay，wasalsounwise；tooknothoughtbeforehand，orhemighthavegainedmarches，disputedrivers，Bober，Queiss，withBevern，andasgoodashinderedhimfromevergettingtoSilesia。Sosaycritics，Retzowandothers；perhapslookingtoofixedlyononesideofthequestion。Certainitis，BevernmarchedinpeacetoSilesia；
founditbynomeansthebetterplaceithadpromisedtobe。
PrinceKarl——Daunthereassecond，butKarlnowthedominanthand——
wasontheheelsofBevern，marchaftermarch。PrinceKarlcutathwarthimbyonecunningmarch，inLiegnitzCountry；barringhimfromSchweidnitz，thechiefstrongholdofSilesia，andtoappearancefromBreslau，thechiefcity，too。Bevern，whodidnotwantforsoldiership，whenreducedtohisshifts，nowmadeabeautifulmanoeuvre，saythecritics；struckoutleftwards，namely，andcrossedtheOder，asifmakingforGlogau，quitebeyondPrinceKarl’ssphereofpossibility，——butturnedtoright，nottoleft，whenacross，andgotinuponBreslaufromtheotheroreastsideoftheRiver。Cunningmanoeuvre，ifyouwill，andfollowedbycunningmanoeuvres:buttheresultis，PrinceKarlhasgotSchweidnitztorear，standsbetweenBreslauandit；canbesiegeSchweidnitzwhenhelikes，andnorelieftoitpossiblethatwillnotcostabattle。
Abattle，thinksFriedrich，iswhatBevernoughttohavetriedatfirst；awell—foughtbattlemighthavesettledeverything，andtherewasnoothergoodlikelihoodinsuchanexpedition:butnow，bydetachingreinforcementstothisgarrisonandthat，hehasweakenedhimselfbeyondrightpoweroffighting。[OEuvresdeFrederic，iv。141，159。]Schweidnitzisliabletosiege；Breslau，withitspoorwallsandmultitudinouspopulation，canstandnosiegeworthmentioning；theSilesianstrongplaces，nottospeakofmeal—magazines，areliketogoabadroad。
Quitedominant，thisPrinceKarl；placardingandproclaiminginallplaces，accordingtothenew"ImperialPatent，"[In
Helden—Geschichte，（iv。832，833），Copyofit:
"AbsolvedfromallpriorTreatiesbyPrussianMajesty’sattackonus，We"&c。&c。（"21stSept。1757"）。]ThatSilesiaisherImperialMajesty’sagain！Whichseemstobefastbecomingthefact；——unlesscontradictedbetter。Quick！
Bevernhasnow，October1st，nomanoeuvreleftbuttodrawoutofBreslau；posthimselfonthesouthernsideofit，inasafeanglethere，marshyLoheinfront，broadOdertorear，Breslauathisright—handwithbread；andthereintrenchinghimselfbythebestmethods，waitslowly，inasittingposture，eventswhichareextensivelyonthegallopatpresent。Onefancies，HadWinterfeldbeenstillthere！ItisasbraveanArmy，30，000，ormore，aseverworesteel。Surelysomethingcouldhavebeendonewithit；——
somethingbetterthansitwatchingtheeventsonfullgallopallround！Bevernwasaloyal，considerablyskilfulandvaliantman；
intheBattleofLobositz，andelsewhere，wehaveseenhimbraveasalion:butperhapsintheotherkindofbraverywantedhere，he——
Well，hiscasewashorriblydifficult；fullofintricacy。Andhesat，nodoubtinaverywretchedstate，consultingtheoracles，withevents（whicharethemselvesoracular）goingatsuchapace。
SchweidnitzwasbesiegedOctober26th。Nadasti，with20，000，wassettodoit；PrinceKarl，with60，000，readytoprotecthim；
PrinceBevernaskingtheoracles:——whatabitofnewsforFriedrich；breakingsuddenlytheeffulgencyofRossbachwithabarofominousblack！Friedrich，stillinthethickofpureSaxonbusiness，makesinstantarrangementforSilesiaaswell:PrinceHenri，withsuchandsuchcorps，tomaintaintheSaale，andguardSaxony；MarshalKeith，withsuchandsuch，tostepoverintoBohemia，andraisecontributionsatleast，andtreadonthetailofthebigSilesiansnake:allthisFriedrichsettleswithinaweek；
takescertaincorpsofhisown，effectiveabout13，000；andonNovember13thmarchesfromLeipzig。RoundbyTorgau，byMuhlberg，Grossenhayn；byBautzen，Weissenberg，acrosstheQueiss，acrosstheBober；andso，withlongmarches，stridescontinuallyforward，allheartswilling，andalllimbs，thoughinthissadwinterweather，towardsreliefofSchweidnitz。
AtGrossenhayn，fifthdayofthemarch，FriedrichlearnsthatSchweidnitzisgone。November12th—14th，Schweidnitzwentbycapitulation；contrarytoeverybody’shopeorfear；certainlyaveryshortdefenceforsuchafortress。FaultoftheCommandant，waseverybody’sfirstthought。NotprobablythebestofCommandants，saidothersgradually；buthisgarrisonhadSaxonsinit；——oneday"180oftheminalumpthrewdowntheirarms，inthetrenches，andwentovertotheEnemy。"Owingtowhatsoever，theplaceisgone。Suchtowers，suchcurtains，star—ramparts；suchanopulenceofcannons，stores，munitions，a30，000poundsofhardcash，oneitem。Allisgone，afterafortnight’ssiege。Whatapieceofnews，asheardbyFriedrich，comingathisutmosttowardsthesceneitself！AsseenbyBevern，too，inhisquestioningmood，itwasaneventofveryoracularnature。
OnMonday，14th，Schweidnitzfell；Karl，withNadastireunitedtohim，wasnow80，000odd；andlostnotime。OnTuesdaynext，NOVEMBER22d，1757，"atthreeinthemorning，"longhoursbeforedaybreak，Karl，withhis60，000，alllearnedlyarranged，comesrollingoveruponhaplessBevern:withnoendofcannonadingandstormofwar:BATTLEOFBRESLAU，theycallit；ruinoustoBevern。
Ofwhichweshallattemptnodescription:excepttosay，thatKarlhadfivebridgesontheLohe，cameacrosstheLohebyfiveBridges；
andthatBevernstoodtohisarms，steadyastherocks，topreventhisgettingover，andtoentertainhimwhenover；thattherewerefiveprincipalattacks，renewedandre—renewedaslongasneedful，withtorrentsofshot，ofdeathandtumult；oversixoreightmilesofcountry，forthespaceoffifteenhours。BattlecomparableonlytoMalplaquet，saidtheAustrians；suchahurricaneofartillery，stronglyintrenchedenemyandlouddoomsdayofwar。Didnotendtillnineatnight；Austriansvictorious，moreorless，infouroftheirattacksorseparateenterprises:thatistosay，mastersoftheLohe，andoftheoutmostPrussianvillagesandpostsinfrontofthePrussiancentreandrightwing；victoriousinthatnorthernpart；——butplainlyunvictoriousinthesoutheastorPrussianleftwing，——farthestofffromBreslau，andunderZiethen’scommand，——
wheretheyweredrivenacrosstheLoheagain，andlostprisonersandcannons，oracannon。[InSeyfarth，ThreeAccounts；
Beylagan，ii。198，221，234etseq。]
SomeofBevern’speople，groundingonthislattercircumstance，andthattheystillheldtheBattle—field，ormostpartofit，wrotethemselvesvictorious；——thoughinadimbriefmanner，asifconsciousofthecontrary。Whichindeedwasthefact。Atthecouncilofwar，whichhesummonedthatevening，therewereproposalsofnight—attack，andotherfiercemeasures；butBevern，rejectingtheplanforanightattackontheAustriancampastoodubious，did，inthedarkhours，throughthesilentstreetsofBreslau，withdrawhimselfacrosstheOder，instead；leaving80
cannon，and5，000killedandwounded；anevidentlybeatenmanandArmy。Andindeeddidstraightwaydisappearpersonallyaltogether，asnolongerequaltoevents。Rodeout，namely，toreconnoitreinthegrayofhissecondsadmorning，onthisnewBankoftheOder；
sawlittleexceptgraymist；butrodeintoaCroatoutpost，onlyonepoorgroomattendinghim；andwastheremadeprisoner:——
intentionally，thoughtmankind；intentionally，thinksFriedrich，whowasveryangrywiththepoorman。[Preuss，ii。102。MoreexactinKutzen，DERTAGVONLEUTHEN（Breslau，1857，——anexcellentexactlittleCompilation，frommanifoldsourceswellstudied），pp。166—169，date"24thNovember。"]
ThepoormanwascarriedtoVienna，ifreaderscaretoknow；
butbeinganearCousinthere（second—cousin，noless，tothelateEmpress—Mother），wasbythehighnow—reigningEmpress—Queenreceivedinacharminglygraciousmanner，andsenthomeagainwithoutransom。"ToStettin！"beckonedFriedrichsternlyfromthedistance，andwouldnotseehimatall:"ToStettin，Isay，yourofficialpostintimeofpeace！CommandmetheinvalidGarrisonthere；youarefitfornothingbetter！"——Iwilladdoneotherthing，whichunhappilywillseemstrangetoreaders:thattherecamenowhisperofcomplaintfromBevern；meresilence，andloyalindustrywithhispoormeans，fromBevern；andthatheprovedheroicallyusefulinStettintwoyearshence，againsttheSwedes，againsttheRussiansintheSiege—of—Colbergtime；andgainedFriedrich’sfavoragain，withothergoodresults。WhichIobservewasacommonmethodwithPrussianGeneralsandsoldiers，when，unjustlyorjustly，theyfellintotroubleofthiskind；andamuchbetteronethanthatofcomplainingintheNewspapers，anddemandingCommissionsofInquiry，presidedoverbyChaosandtheFourth—Estate，nowis。
BevernbeingwiththeCroats，thePrussianArmyfallstoGeneralKyau，asnextinrank；who（directlyintheteethoffierceordersthatarespeedinghitherforBevernandhim）marchesaway，leavingBreslautoitsfate；andmakingtowardsGlogau，astheonesurepointinthiswreckofthings。AndPrinceKarl，thatsameday，goesuponBreslau；whichisinnocasetoresistandbebombarded:
sothatpooroldGeneralLestwitz，thePrussianCommandant，——alwaysthoughttobeavaliantoldgentleman，butwhohadbeenwoundedinthelateAction，andwasblamablydiscouraged，——tookthetermsoffered，andsurrenderedwithoutfiringagun。Garrisonandhetomarchout，in"FreeWithdrawal；"thesearetheterms:Garrisonwas4，000andodd，mostlySilesianrecruits；buttheremarchedhardly500outwithpoorLestwitz；theSilesianrecruits——persuadedbyconceivablemethods，thattheyweretobeprisonersofwar，andthat，inshort，AustriawasnowcometobeKingagain，andmightmakeinquiryintomen’sconduct——founditsafertotakeservicewithAustria，tovanishintoholesinBreslauorwheretheycould；
and，forinstance，oneregiment（orbattalion，letushidethenameofit），onmarchingthroughtheGate，consistedonlyofninechiefofficersandfourmen。[Muller，SCHLACHTBEILEUTHEN（Berlin，1857，——professedlyamereabridgmentandshadowofKutzen:
unindexedlikeit），p。12（withnameandparticulars）。]
Therewerelost98piecesofcannon；endlessmagazinesandstoresofwar。ABreslauscandalouslygone；——aBreslaupreachingdayafternext（27th，whichwasSunday），incertainofitschurches，especiallyCardinalSchaffgotschintheDomInseldoingit，ThanksgivingSermons，asperorder，withunctionrealorofficial，"Thatourancientsovereignsarerestoredtous:"whichSermons——
exceptintheSchaffgotschcase，PrinceKarlandthehighCatholicworldallthereingala——were"sparselyattended，"saymyauthors。
TheAustriansareatthetopoftheirpride；andconsiderfullsurelythatSilesiaistheirs，thoughFriedrichwereheretwiceover。"WhatisFriedrich？WebeathimatKolin。HisPrussiansatZittau，atMoys，atBreslauinthenewMalplaquet，werewebeatenbythem？Hnh！"——andsnort（intheAustrianmess—rooms），andsnaptheirfingersatFriedrichandhiscoming。
ItwasatGorlitz（sceneofpoorWinterfeld’sdeath）thatFriedrich，"onNovember23d，thetenthdayofhismarch，"firstgotrumoroftheBreslauMalplaquet:"endlesscannonadingheardthereaboutsallyesterday！"saidrumorfromtheeast，——moreandmoresteadily，asFriedrichhastenedforward；——andthatitwas"avictoryforBevern。"Till，atNaumburgontheQueiss，hegetstheactualtidings:BeverngonetotheCroats，Breslaugoing，Kyaumarchingvague；andwhatkindofvictoryitwas。
EverfromGrossenhaynonwardstherehadbeenmessageonmessage，moreandmorerigorous，preciseandindignant，"Dothis，dothat；
yourDilectionshallansweritwithyourhead！"——notonemessageofwhichreachedhisDilection，tillDilectionandFate（suchthegallopofevents）haddonethecontrary:andnowDilectionandhisheadhavemadeafinishofit。"No，"answersFriedrichtohimself；
"nottillweareallfinished！"——andpusheson，hetoo，likeakindofFate。"Whatdoesorcanhemean，then？"saytheAustrians，withscornfulastonishment，andthinkhisheadmustbeturning:"WillhebeatusoutofSilesiawithhisPotsdamGuard—Paradethen？"
"POTSDAMSCHEWACHT—PARADE:"——sotheydenominatehissmallArmy；
andareverymirthfulintheirmess—rooms。"Iwillattackthem，iftheystoodontheZobtenberg，iftheystoodonthesteeplesofBreslau！"saidFriedrich；andtrampeddiligentlyforward。Dayafterday，astherealtidingsarrive，hisoutlookinSilesiaisbecomingdarkeranddarker:asternlydarkmarchthisaltogether。
PrinceKarlhasthrownagarrisonintoLiegnitzonFriedrich’sroad；PrinceKarlliesencampedwithBreslauathisback；hasabove80，000whenfullygathered；andreignssupremeinthoseparts。
Darkermarchthereseldomwas:allblacksavealightthatburnsinoneheart，refusingtobequenchedtilldeath。
FriedrichsendsordersthatKyaushallbeputinarrest；
thatZiethenshallbegeneraloftheBevernwreck，shallbringitroundbyGlogau，andrendezvouswithFriedrichataplaceandday，——Parchwitz，2dofDecembercoming；——andbesteady，myoldZiethen。
FriedrichbrushespasttheLiegnitzGarrison，leavesLiegnitzanditatrifletotheright；arrivesatParchwitzNovember28th；andthererests，oratleasthiswearytroopsdo，tillZiethencomeup；
theKingnotveryrestful，withsomanythingstoprearrange；
alifeordeathcrisisnownigh。Well，itisbutdeath；anddeathhasbeenfrontedbeforenow！Wewhoareaftertheevent，onthesafesunnysideofit，canformsmallimageofthehorrorsandtheinwarddubietiestohimwhoispassingthroughit；——andhowHopeisneededtoshineheroicallyeternalinsomehearts。FireofHope，thatdoesnotissueinmereblazings，madaudacitiesandchaoticdespair，butadvanceswithitseyesopen，measuredly，countingitssteps，tothewrestling—place，——thisisagodlikething；
muchavailabletomankindinallthebattlestheyhave；
battleswithsteel，orofwhateversort。
Friedrich，atParchwitz，assembledhisCaptains，andspoketothem；
itwasthenightafterZiethencamein，nightofDecember3d，1757；
andZiethen，nodoubt，wasthere:foritisanauthenticmeeting，thisatParchwitz，andthewordsweretakendown。
FRIEDRICH’SSPEECHTOHISGENERALS（Parchwitz，3dDecember，1757）。
[FromRETZOW，i。240—242（slightlyabridged）。]
"Itisnotunknowntoyou，MEINEHERREN，whatdisastershavebefallenhere，whilewewerebusywiththeFrenchandReichsArmy。
Schweidnitzisgone；DukeofBevernbeaten；Breslaugone，andallourwar—storesthere；goodpartofSilesiagone:and，infact，myembarrassmentswouldbeattheinsuperablepitch，hadnotI
boundlesstrustinyou，andyourqualities，whichhavebeensooftenmanifested，assoldiersandsonsofyourCountry。Hardlyoneamongyoubuthasdistinguishedhimselfbysomenoblymemorableaction:alltheseservicestotheStateandmeIknowwell，andwillneverforget。
"Iflattermyself，therefore，thatinthiscasetoonothingwillbewantingwhichtheStatehasarighttoexpectofyourvalor。
Thehourisathand。IshouldthinkIhaddonenothing，ifIlefttheAustriansinpossessionofSilesia。Letmeappriseyou，then:
Iintend，inspiteoftheRulesofArt，toattackPrinceKarl’sArmy，whichisnearlythriceourstrength，whereverIfindit。
Thequestionisnotofhisnumbers，orthestrengthofhisposition:allthis，bycourage，bytheskillofourmethods，wewilltrytomakegood。ThisstepImustrisk，oreverythingislost。Wemustbeattheenemy，orperishallofusbeforehisbatteries。SoIreadthecase；soIwillactinit。
"MakethismydeterminationknowntoallOfficersoftheArmy；
preparethemenforwhatworkisnowtoensue，andsaythatIholdmyselfentitledtodemandexactfulfilmentoforders。Foryou，whenIreflectthatyouarePrussians，canIthinkthatyouwillactunworthily？Butifthereshouldbeoneoranotherwhodreadstosharealldangerswithme，he，"——continuedhisMajesty，withaninterrogativelook，andthenpausingforanswer，——"canhavehisDischargethisevening，andshallnotsuffertheleastreproachfromme。"——Modeststrongbassmurmur；meaning"No，bytheEternal！"
ifyoulookedintotheeyesandfacesofthegroup。NeverwillRetzowJuniorforgetthatscene，andhoweffulgentlyeloquenttheveteranphysiognomieswere。
"Hah，Iknewit，"saidtheKing，withhismostradiantsmile，"noneofyouwoulddesertme！Idependonyourhelp，then；andonvictoryassure。"——Thespeechwindsupwithaspecificpassage:
"TheCavalryregimentthatdoesnotontheinstant，onordergiven，dashfullplungeintotheenemy，Iwill，directlyaftertheBattle，unhorse，andmakeitaGarrisonregiment。TheInfantrybattalionwhich，meetwithwhatitmay，showstheleastsignofhesitating，losesitscolorsanditssabres，andIcutthetrimmingsfromitsuniform！Nowgood—night，Gentlemen:shortlywehaveeitherbeatentheEnemy，orweneverseeoneanotheragain。"
AnexcellenttemperinthisArmy；aroughveinofheroisminit，steadytothedeath；——andplentyofhopeinittoo，hopeinVaterFritz。"Nevermind，"thesoldiersusedtosay，inJohnDukeofMarlborough’stime，"CorporalJohnwillgetusthroughit！"——ThatsameeveningFriedrichrodeintotheCamp，wheretheregimentshehadwerenowallgathered，outoftheircantonments，tomarchonthemorrow。FirstregimenthecameuponwastheLife—GuardCuirassiers:themen，intheiraccustomedway，gavehimgood—
evening，whichhecheerilyreturned。Someofthemoreveteransortasked，ruggedlyconfidential，aswellasloyal:"Whatisthynews，then，solate？""Goodnews，children（KINDER）:to—morrowyouwillbeattheAustrianstightly！""Thatwewill，by——！"answeredthey。——
"Butthinkonlywheretheystandyonder，andhowtheyhaveintrenchedthemselves？"saidFriedrich。"AndiftheyhadtheDevilinfrontandallroundthem，wewillknockthemout；onlythouleaduson！"——"Well，Iwillseewhatyoucando:nowlayyoudown，andsleepsound；andgoodsleeptoyou！""Good—night，Fritz！"answerall；[Muller，p。21（fromKaltenhorn，ofwhomINFRA）；Preuss，&c。
&c。]asFritzamblesontothenextregiment，towhich，astoeveryone，hewillhavesomeword。
WasitthefamousPommernregiment，thisthathenextspoketo，——
whoansweredLoudon’ssummonstothemonce（asshallbenoticedbyandby）inawayineffable，thoughunforgettable？ManteuffelofFoot；yes，noother！[Archenholtz，ii。61；andKutzen，p。35。]
Theyhavetheirownopinionoftheircapacitiesagainstanenemy，anddonotwantforagoodconceitofthemselves。"Well，children，howthinkyouitwillbeto—morrow？Theyaretwiceasstrongaswe。""Neverthoumindthat；therearenoPommernersamongthem；
thouknowestwhatthePommernerscando！"——FRIEDRICH:"Yea，truly，thatdoI；otherwiseIdurstnotriskthebattle。Nowgoodsleeptoyou！to—morrow，then，weshalleitherhavebeatentheEnemyorelsebealldead。""Yea，"answeredthewholeregiment；"dead，orelsetheEnemybeaten:"andsowenttodeepsleep，prefacetoadeeperformanyofthem，——asbeseemsbravemen。Inthisworlditmuchbeseemsthebraveman，uncertainaboutsomanythings，tobecertainofhimselfforonething。
ThesesnatchesofCampDialogue，muchmoretheSpeechpreservedtousbyRetzowJunior，appeartobetrue；thoughastothedates，thecircumstances，therehasbeendebating。[Kutzen，pp。175—181。]
OtherAnecdotes，dubiousormore，stillfloataboutinquantity；——
ofwhichletusgiveonlyone；thatoftheDeserter（whichhasmeritasamyth）。"Whatmadetheedesert，then？""Hm，alas，yourMajesty，weweregotsodownintheworld，andhadsuchatimeofit！"——"Well，tryitonedaymore；andifwecannotmendmatters，thouandIwillbothdesert。"
AlearnedDoctor，oneofthemostrecentonthesematters，isastonishedwhytheHistoriesofFriedrichshouldbesuchdrearyreading，andFriedrichhimselfsoprosaic，barrenanobject；
andlaystheblameupontheAge，insensibletorealgreatness；
ledawaybyclap—trapNapoleonisms，regardlessofexpense。
UponwhichSmelfungustakeshimup，withatwitch:——
"Tomysadmind，HerrDoctor，itseemsascribablerathertotheDryasdustoftheseAges，especiallytothePrussianDryasdust，sittingcomfortableinhisAcademies，wavingsublimelyhislongearsashetrampleshumanHeroismsintounintelligiblepipe—clayanddrearycontinentsofsandandcinders，withtheDoctorsallapplauding。
"HadthesacredPoet，ormanofrealHumanGenius，beenathiswork，forthethousandyearslastpast，insteadofidlyfiddlingfarawayfromhiswork，——whichsurelyisdefinableasbeingverymainly，ThatofINTERPRETINGhumanHeroisms；ofpainfullyextricating，andextortingfromthecircumambientchaosofmuddybabble，rumorandmendacity，somenotinconceivablehumananddivineImageofthem，moreandmoreclear，completeandcredibleformankind（poormankinddumblylookinguptohimforguidance，astowhatitshallthinkofGodandofMeninthisSceneofThings），——Icalculate，weshouldbythistimehavehadadifferentFriedrichofit；OHeavens，adifferentworldofit，insomanyrespects！
"MyesteemedHerrDoctor，itistoopainfulasubject。