AsthenamewasfoundinuseamongthosewhohadnointercoursewithEuropeans，beforewecanreceivetheaboveexplanationwemustbelievethattheunknowntravelerknewthelanguagesufficientlywelltoaskaquestion，butnottounderstandtheanswerWemayadd，thatthewayinwhichtheystillcontinuetousethewordseemstorequirenofancifulinterpretationWhenaddressedwithanydegreeofscorn，theyreply，“WeareBachuana，orequalswearenotinferiortoanyofournation。”inexactlythesamesenseasIrishmenorScotchmen，inthesamecircumstances，wouldreply，“WeareBritons。”
　　or“WeareEnglishmen。”Mostothertribesareknownbythetermsappliedtothembystrangersonly，astheCaffres，Hottentots，andBushmen。
　　TheBechuanasaloneusethetermtothemselvesasagenericoneforthewholenationTheyhavemanaged，also，togiveacomprehensivenametothewhites，viz。，Makoa，thoughtheycannotexplainthederivationofitanymorethanoftheirownItseemstomean“handsome“，fromthemannerinwhichtheyuseittoindicatebeauty；
　　butthereisawordsoverylikeitmeaning“infirm“，or“weak“，thatBurchell’sconjectureisprobablytherightone。
　　“ThedifferentHottentottribeswereknownbynamesterminatingin`kua’，whichmeans`man’，andtheBechuanassimplyaddedtheprefixMa，denotinganation。”TheythemselveswerefirstknownasBriquas，or“goat-men“ThelanguageoftheBechuanasistermedSichuana；
　　thatofthewhitesorMakoaiscalledSekoa。
　　TheMakololo，orBasuto，havecarriedtheirpowersofgeneralizationstillfarther，andarrangedtheotherpartsofthesamegreatfamilyofSouthAfricansintothreedivisions：1stTheMatebele，orMakonkobi
　　theCaffrefamilylivingontheeasternsideofthecountry；
　　2dTheBakoni，orBasuto；and，3dTheBakalahari，orBechuanas，livinginthecentralparts，whichincludesallthosetribeslivinginoradjacenttothegreatKalahariDesert。
　　1stTheCaffresaredividedbythemselvesintovarioussubdivisions，asAmakosa，Amapanda，andotherwell-knowntitlesTheyconsiderthenameCaffreasaninsultingepithet。
　　TheZulusofNatalbelongtothesamefamily，andtheyareasfamedfortheirhonestyastheirbrethrenwholiveadjacenttoourcolonialfrontierarerenownedforcattle-liftingTheRecorderofNataldeclaredofthemthathistorydoesnotpresentanotherinstanceinwhichsomuchsecurityforlifeandpropertyhasbeenenjoyed，ashasbeenexperienced，duringthewholeperiodofEnglishoccupation，bytenthousandcolonists，inthemidstofonehundredthousandZulus。
　　TheMatebeleofMosilikatse，livingashortdistancesouthoftheZambesi，andothertribeslivingalittlesouthofTeteandSenna，aremembersofthissamefamilyTheyarenotknownbeyondtheZambesiRiver。
　　ThiswasthelimitoftheBechuanaprogressnorthtoo，untilSebituanepushedhisconquestsfarther。
　　2dTheBakoniandBasutodivisioncontains，inthesouth，allthosetribeswhichacknowledgeMosheshastheirparamountchief。
　　AmongthemwefindtheBatau，theBaputi，Makolokue，etc。，andsomemountaineersontherangeMaluti，whoarebelieved，bythosewhohavecarefullysiftedtheevidence，tohavebeenatonetimeguiltyofcannibalismThishasbeendoubted，buttheirsongsadmitthefacttothisday，andtheyascribetheirhavingleftofftheodiouspracticeofentrappinghumanpreytoMosheshhavinggiventhemcattle。
　　TheyarecalledMarimoandMayabathu，men-eaters，bytherestoftheBasuto，whohavevarioussubdivisions，asMakatla，Bamakakana，Matlapatlapa，etc。
　　TheBakonifarthernorththantheBasutoaretheBatlou，Baperi，Bapo，andanothertribeofBakuena，Bamosetla，BamapelaorBalaka，Babiriri，Bapiri，Bahukeng，Batlokua，Baakhahela，etc。，etc。；thewholeofwhichtribesarefavoredwithabundanceofrain，and，beingmuchattachedtoagriculture，raiseverylargequantitiesofgrainItisontheirindustrythatthemoredistantBoersrevelinslothfulabundance，andfollowtheirslave-huntingandcattle-stealingpropensitiesquitebeyondtherangeofEnglishinfluenceandlaw。
　　TheBasutounderMosheshareequallyfondofcultivatingthesoil。
　　Thechieflaborofhoeing，drivingawaybirds，reaping，andwinnowing，fallstothewillingarmsofthehard-workingwomen；butasthemen，aswellastheirwives，asalreadystated，alwayswork，manyhavefollowedtheadviceofthemissionaries，andnowuseplowsandoxeninsteadofthehoe。
　　3dTheBakalahari，orwesternbranchoftheBechuanafamily，consistsofBarolong，Bahurutse，Bakuena，Bangwaketse，Bakaa，Bamangwato，Bakurutse，Batauana，Bamatlaro，andBatlapi。
　　Amongthelastthesuccessofmissionarieshasbeengreatest。
　　Theywereaninsignificantandfilthypeoplewhenfirstdiscovered；
　　but，beingnearesttothecolony，theyhavehadopportunitiesoftrading；
　　andthelong-continuedpeacetheyhaveenjoyed，throughtheinfluenceofreligiousteaching，hasenabledthemtoamassgreatnumbersofcattle。
　　Theyoung，however，whodonotrealizetheirformerdegradation，oftenconsidertheirpresentsuperiorityovertheless-favoredtribesintheinteriortobeentirelyowingtotheirowngreaterwisdomandmoreintellectualdevelopment。
　　Chapter11。
　　DeparturefromLinyantiforSeshekeLevelCountryAnt-hills
　　WildDate-treesAppearanceofourAttendantsontheMarch
　　TheChief’sGuardTheyattempttorideonOx-back
　　VastHerdsofthenewAntelopes，Leches，andNakongs
　　ThenativewayofhuntingthemReceptionattheVillages
　　PresentsofBeerandMilkEatingwiththeHand
　　TheChiefprovidestheOxenforSlaughterSocialModeofEating
　　TheSugar-caneSekeletu’snovelTestofCharacter
　　CleanlinessofMakololoHutsTheirConstructionandAppearance
　　TheBedsCrosstheLeeambyeAspectofthispartoftheCountry
　　ThesmallAntelopeTianyaneunknownintheSouthHuntingonfoot
　　AnEland。
　　HavingwaitedamonthatLinyantilat18d17’20“S。，long23d50’9“E。，weagaindeparted，forthepurposeofascendingtheriverfromSeshekelat17d31’38“S。，long25d13’E。TotheBarotsecountry，thecapitalofwhichisNarieleorNalielelat15d24’17“S。，long23d5’54“E。，IwentincompanywithSekeletuandaboutonehundredandsixtyattendantsWehadmostoftheyoungmenwithus，andmanyoftheunder-chiefsbesidesThecountrybetweenLinyantiandSeshekeisperfectlyflat，exceptpatcheselevatedonlyafewfeetabovethesurroundinglevelTherearealsomanymoundswherethegiganticant-hillsofthecountryhavebeensituatedorstillappear：
　　thesemoundsareevidentlytheworkofthetermitesNoonewhohasnotseentheirgiganticstructurescanfancytheindustryoftheselittlelaborers；
　　theyseemtoimpartfertilitytothesoilwhichhasoncepassedthroughtheirmouths，fortheMakololofindthesidesofant-hillsthechoicespotsforrearingearlymaize，tobacco，oranythingonwhichtheywishtobestowespecialcareInthepartsthroughwhichwepassedthemoundsaregenerallycoveredwithmassesofwilddate-trees；
　　thefruitissmall，andnotreeisallowedtostandlong，for，havingabundanceoffood，theMakololohavenoinclinationtopreservewildfruit-trees；accordingly，whenadateshootsuptoseed，assoonasthefruitisripetheycutdownthetreeratherthanbeatthetroubleofclimbingitTheotherpartsofthemoreelevatedlandhavethecamel-thorn`Acaciagiraffae’，white-thornedmimosa`Acaciahorrida’，andbaobabsInsandyspotstherearepalmyrassomewhatsimilartotheIndian，butwithasmallerseed。
　　Thesoilonalltheflatpartsisarich，dark，tenaciousloam，knownasthe“cotton-ground“inIndia；itiscoveredwithadensemattingofcoarsegrass，commononalldampspotsinthiscountry。
　　WehadtheChobeonourright，withitsscoresofmilesofreedoccupyingthehorizonthereItwaspleasanttolookbackonthelong-extendedlineofourattendants，asittwistedandbentaccordingtothecurvesofthefootpath，orinandoutbehindthemounds，theostrichfeathersofthemenwavinginthewindSomehadthewhiteendsofox-tailsontheirheads，Hussarfashion，andothersgreatbunchesofblackostrichfeathers，orcapsmadeoflions’manes。
　　Someworeredtunics，orvarious-coloredprintswhichthechiefhadboughtfromFleming；thecommonmencarriedburdens；thegentlemenwalkedwithasmallclubofrhinoceros-hornintheirhands，andhadservantstocarrytheirshields；whilethe“Machaka“，battle-axemen，carriedtheirown，andwereliableatanytimetobesentoffahundredmilesonanerrand，andexpectedtorunalltheway。
　　SekeletuisalwaysaccompaniedbyhisownMopato，anumberofyoungmenofhisownageWhenhesitsdowntheycrowdaroundhim；
　　thosewhoarenearesteatoutofthesamedish，fortheMakololochiefspridethemselvesoneatingwiththeirpeopleHeeatsalittle，thenbeckonshisneighborstopartakeWhentheyhavedoneso，heperhapsbeckonstosomeoneatadistancetotakeashare；thatpersonstartsforward，seizesthepot，andremovesittohisowncompanions。
　　ThecomradesofSekeletu，wishingtoimitatehiminridingonmyoldhorse，leapedonthebacksofanumberofhalf-brokenBatokaoxenastheyran，but，havingneithersaddlenorbridle，thenumberoftumblestheymetwithwasasourceofmuchamusementtotherestTroopsofleches，or，astheyareherecalled，“lechwes“，appearedfeedingquiteheedlesslyallovertheflats；theyexisthereinprodigiousherds，althoughthenumbersofthemandofthe“nakong“thatarekilledannuallymustbeenormousBotharewaterantelopes，and，whenthelandswenowtreaduponareflooded，theybetakethemselvestothemoundsIhavealludedtoTheMakalaka，whoaremostexpertinthemanagementoftheirsmall，thin，lightcanoes，comegentlytowardthem；
　　themenstanduprightinthecanoe，thoughitisnotmorethanfifteenoreighteenincheswideandaboutfifteenfeetlong；
　　theirpaddles，tenfeetinheight，areofakindofwoodcalledmolompi，verylight，yetaselasticasashWiththesetheyeitherpuntorpaddle，accordingtotheshallownessordepthofthewaterWhentheyperceivetheantelopesbeginningtomovetheyincreasetheirspeed，andpursuethemwithgreatvelocityTheymakethewaterdashawayfromthegunwale，and，thoughthelechegoesoffbyasuccessionofprodigiousbounds，itsfeetappearingtotouchthebottomateachspring，theymanagetospeargreatnumbersofthem。
　　ThenakongoftensharesasimilarfateThisisanewspecies，rathersmallerthantheleche，andinshapehasmoreofpaunchinessthananyantelopeIeversawItsgaitcloselyresemblesthegallopofadogwhentiredThehairislongandrathersparse，sothatitisneversleek-lookingItisofagrayish-browncolor，andhashornstwistedinthemannerofakoodoo，butmuchsmaller，andwithadoubleridgewindingroundeachofthem。
　　Itshabitatisthemarshandthemuddybogs；thegreatlengthofitsfootbetweenthepointofthetoeandsupplementalhoofsenablesittomakeaprintaboutafootinlength；itfeedsbynight，andlieshidamongthereedsandrushesbyday；whenpursued，itdashesintosedgyplacescontainingwater，andimmersesthewholebody，leavingonlythepointofthenoseandendsofthehornsexposed。
　　Thehuntersburnlargepatchesofreedinordertodrivethenakongoutofhislair；occasionallytheendsofthehornsprojectabovethewater；
　　butwhenitseesitselfsurroundedbyenemiesincanoes，itwillratherallowitshornstobescorchedintheburningreedthancomeforthfromitshiding-place。
　　WhenwearrivedatanyvillagethewomenallturnedouttolullilootheirchiefTheirshrillvoices，towhichtheygiveatremuloussoundbyaquickmotionofthetongue，pealforth，“Greatlion！”“Greatchief！”“Sleep，mylord！”etcThemenuttersimilarsalutations；andSekeletureceivesallwithbecomingindifference。
　　Afterafewminutes’conversationandtellingthenews，theheadmanofthevillage，whoisalmostalwaysaMakololo，rises，andbringsforthanumberoflargepotsofbeer。
　　Calabashes，beingusedasdrinking-cups，arehandedround，andasmanyascanpartakeofthebeveragedoso，graspingthevesselssoeagerlythattheyareindangerofbeingbroken。
　　Theybringforthalsolargepotsandbowlsofthickmilk；
　　somecontainsixoreightgallons；andeachofthese，aswellasofthebeer，isgiventoaparticularperson，whohasthepowertodivideitwithwhomhepleasesTheheadmanofanysectionofthetribeisgenerallyselectedforthisofficeSpoonsnotbeinggenerallyinfashion，themilkisconveyedtothemouthwiththehandIoftenpresentedmyfriendswithironspoons，anditwascurioustoobservehowtheirhabitofhand-eatingprevailed，thoughtheyweredelightedwiththespoonsTheyliftedoutalittlewiththeutensil，thenputitonthelefthand，andateitoutofthat。
　　AstheMakololohavegreatabundanceofcattle，andthechiefisexpectedtofeedallwhoaccompanyhim，heeitherselectsanoxortwoofhisownfromthenumerouscattlestationsthathepossessesatdifferentspotsalloverthecountry，orispresentedbytheheadmenofthevillageshevisitswithasmanyasheneedsbywayoftributeTheanimalsarekilledbyathrustfromasmalljavelinintheregionoftheheart，thewoundbeingpurposelysmallinordertoavoidanylossofblood，which，withtheinternalparts，aretheperquisitesofthemenwhoperformtheworkofthebutcher；henceallareeagertorenderserviceinthatline。