Thishasenabledmetoengagesomanypersonsintheexperimentastobetolerablysureitwillbefairlymadebysomeofthem。ItwillfurnishalsoacomparisonwiththatfromTimor。Ihavethesuccessofthisspeciesofriceatheart，becauseitwillnotonlyenableotherstatestocultivatericewhichhavenotlandssusceptibleofinundationbutbecausealsoifthericebeasgoodasissaid，itmaytakeplaceofthewetriceintheSouthernstates，&bysupersedingthenecessityofoverflowingtheirlands，savethemfromthepestilential&mortalfeversbroughtonbythatoperation。
　　WehavelatelyhadintroducedaplantoftheMelonspecieswhich，fromit’sexternalresemblancetothepumpkin，wehavecalledapumpkin，distinguishingitspecificallyasthe_potatoe-pumpkin_，onaccountoftheextremeresemblanceofit’stastetothatofthesweet-potatoe。Itisasyetbutlittleknown，iswellesteemedatourtable，andparticularlyvaluedbyournegroe’s。Comingmuchearlierthantherealpotatoe，wearesomuchthesoonerfurnishedwithasubstituteforthatroot。Iknownotfromwhenceitcame；sothatperhapsitmaybeoriginallyfromyourislands。InthatcaseyouwillonlyhavethetroubleofthrowingawaythefewseedsI
　　encloseyouherewith。Ontheotherhand，ifunknownwithyou，I
　　thinkitwillprobablysucceedintheislands，andmayaddtothecatalogueofplantswhichwilldoassubstitutesforbread。Ihavealwaysthoughtthatifintheexperimentstointroduceortocommunicatenewplants，onespeciesinanhundredisfounduseful&
　　succeeds，theninetyninefoundotherwisearemorethanpaidfor。Mypresentsituation&occupationsarenotfriendlytoagriculturalexperiments，howeverstronglyIamledtothembyinclination。I
　　willaskpermissiontoaddressmyselftoyouforsuchseedsasmightbeworthtryingfromyourquarter，freelyofferingyoureciprocalservicesinthesameoranyotherlineinwhichyouwillbesogoodastocommandthem。Ihavethehonortobewithgreatrespect&
　　esteem，SirYourmostobedt。&mosthumbleservt，”ASCOLDINGLETTER”
　　_ToMarthaJeffersonRandolph_
　　_Philadelphia，Dec。23，1790_
　　MYDEARDAUGHTER——Thisisascoldingletterforyouall。I
　　havenotrecievedascripofapenfromhomesinceIleftitwhichisnowelevenweeks。Ithinkitsoeasyforyoutowritemeonelettereveryweek，whichwillbebutonceinthreeweeksforeachofyou，whenIwriteoneeveryweekwhohavenotonemoment’sreposefrombusinessfromthefirsttothelastmomentoftheweek。Perhapsyouthinkyouhavenothingtosaytome。Itisagreatdealtosayyouareallwell，orthatonehasacold，anotherafever&c。，besidesthatthereisnotasprigofgrassthatshootsuninterestingtome，noranythingthatmoves，fromyourselfdowntoBergereorGrizzle。
　　Writethenmydeardaughterpunctuallyonyourday，andMr。RandolphandPollyontheirs。Isuspectyoumayhavenewstotellmeofyourselfofthemosttenderinteresttome。Whysilentthen?
　　Iamstillwithoutahouse，andconsequentlywithoutaplacetoopenmyfurniture。ThishaspreventedmysendingyouwhatIwastosendforMonticello。Inthemeantimetheriverisfrozenupsoasthatnovesselcangetout，norprobablywillthesetwomonths：sothatyouwillbemuchlongerwithoutthemthanIhadhoped。Iknowhowinconvenientthiswillbeandamdistressedatit；butthereisnohelp。IsendapamphletforMr。Randolph。Mybestaffectionstohim，Pollyandyourself。Adieumydear，AHERETICALSECT
　　_ToGeorgeMason_
　　_Philadelphia，Feb。4，1791_
　　DEARSIR，——IamtomakeyoumyacknowledgmentsforyourfavorofJan。10，&theinformationfromFrancewhichitcontained。ItconfirmedwhatIhadheardmorelooselybefore，andaccountsstillmorerecentaretothesameeffect。IlookwithgreatanxietyforthefirmestablishmentofthenewgovernmentinFrance，beingperfectlyconvincedthatifittakesplacethere，itwillspreadsoonerorlateralloverEurope。Onthecontraryachecktherewouldretardtherevivaloflibertyinothercountries。Iconsidertheestablishmentandsuccessoftheirgovernmentasnecessarytostayupourown，andtopreventitfromfallingbacktothatkindofHalf-wayhouse，theEnglishconstitution。Itcannotbedeniedthatwehaveamongusasectwhobelievethattocontainwhateverisperfectinhumaninstitutions；thatthemembersofthissecthave，manyofthem，names&officeswhichstandhighintheestimationofourcountrymen。
　　Istillrelythatthegreatmassofourcommunityisuntaintedwiththeseheresies，asisit’shead。OnthisIbuildmyhopethatwehavenotlabouredinvain，andthatourexperimentwillstillprovethatmencanbegovernedbyreason。Youhaveexcitedmycuriosityinsaying”thereisaparticularcircumstance，littleattendedto，whichiscontinuallysappingtherepublicanismoftheUnitedStates。”Whatisit?Whatissaidinourcountryofthefiscalarrangementsnowgoingon?IreallyfeartheireffectwhenIconsiderthepresenttemperoftheSouthernstates。Whetherthesemeasuresberightorwrongabstractedly，moreattentionshouldbepaidtothegeneralopinion。However，allwillpass——theexcisewillpass——thebankwillpass。Theonlycorrectiveofwhatiscorruptinourpresentformofgovernmentwillbetheaugmentationofthenumbersinthelowerhouse，soastogetamoreagriculturalrepresentation，whichmayputthatinterestabovethatofthestock-jobbers。
　　IhadnooccasiontosoundMr。Madisononyourfearsexpressedinyourletter。Iknewbefore，aspossessinghissentimentsfullyonthatsubject，thathisvalueforyouwasundiminished。Ihavealwaysheardhimsaythatthoughyouandheappearedtodifferinyoursystems，yetyouwereintruthnearertogetherthanmostpersonswhowereclassedunderthesameappellation。Youmayquietyourselfintheassuranceofpossessinghiscompleteesteem。Ihavebeenendeavoringtoobtainsomelittledistinctionforourusefulcustomers，theFrench。Butthereisaparticularinterestopposedtoit，whichIfearwillprovetoostrong。Weshallsoonsee。IwillsendyouacopyofareportIhavegivenin，assoonasitisprinted。Iknowthereisonepartofitcontrarytoyoursentiments；
　　yetIamnotsureyouwillnotbecomesensiblethatachangeshouldbeslowlypreparing。Certainly，wheneverIpassyourroad，Ishalldomyselfthepleasureofturningintoit。Ourlastyear’sexperiment，however，ismuchinfavorofthatbyNewgate。
　　MONUMENTSOFTHEPAST
　　_ToEbenezerHazard_
　　_Philadelphia，February18，1791_
　　SIR，——Ireturnyouthetwovolumesofrecords，withthanksfortheopportunityoflookingintothem。Theyarecuriousmonumentsoftheinfancyofourcountry。IlearnwithgreatsatisfactionthatyouareaboutcommittingtothepressthevaluablehistoricalandStatepapersyouhavebeensolongcollecting。Timeandaccidentarecommittingdailyhavocontheoriginalsdepositedinourpublicoffices。Thelatewarhasdonetheworkofcenturiesinthisbusiness。Thelastcannotberecovered，butletussavewhatremains；notbyvaultsandlockswhichfencethemfromthepubliceyeanduseinconsigningthemtothewasteoftime，butbysuchamultiplicationofcopies，asshallplacethembeyondthereachofaccident。Thisbeingthetendencyofyourundertaking，beassuredthereisnoonewhowishesitmoresuccessthan，Sir，yourmostobedientandmosthumbleservant。
　　MEMORIESOFFRANKLIN
　　_TotheRev。WilliamSmith_
　　_Philadelphia，Feb。19，1791_
　　DEARSIR，——Ifeelboththewish&thedutytocommunicate，incompliancewithyourrequest，whatever，withinmyknowledge，mightrenderjusticetothememoryofourgreatcountryman，D’rFranklin，inwhomPhilosophyhastodeploreoneofit’sprincipalluminariesextinguished。Butmyopportunitiesofknowingtheinterestingfactsofhislifehavenotbeenequaltomydesireofmakingthemknown。I
　　couldindeedrelateanumberofthosebonmots，withwhichheusedtocharmeverysociety，ashavingheardmanyofthem。Butthesearenotyourobject。Particularsofgreaterdignityhappenednottooccurduringhisstayofninemonths，aftermyarrivalinFrance。
　　Alittlebeforethat，Argandhadinventedhiscelebratedlamp，inwhichtheflameisspreadintoahollowcylinder，&thusbroughtintocontactwiththeairwithinaswellaswithout。Doct’rFranklinhadbeenonthepointofthesamediscovery。Theideahadoccurredtohim；buthehadtriedabull-rushasawick，whichdidnotsucceed。Hisoccupationsdidnotpermithimtorepeat&extendhistrialstotheintroductionofalargercolumnofairthancouldpassthroughthestemofabull-rush。
　　TheanimalmagnetismtooofthemaniacMesmer，hadjustreceiveditsdeathwoundfromhishandinconjunctionwithhisbrethrenofthelearnedcommitteeappointedtounveilthatcompoundoffraud&folly。But，afterthis，nothingveryinterestingwasbeforethepublic，eitherinphilosophyorpolitics，duringhisstay；
　　&hewasprincipallyoccupiedinwindinguphisaffairsthere。
　　Icanonlythereforetestifyingeneralthatthereappearedtomemorerespect&venerationattachedtothecharacterofDoctorFranklininFrance，thantothatofanyotherpersoninthesamecountry，foreignornative。Ihadopportunitiesofknowingparticularlyhowfarthesesentimentswerefeltbytheforeignambassadors&ministersatthecourtofVersailles。ThefableofhiscapturebytheAlgerines，propagatedbytheEnglishnewspapers，excitednouneasiness；asitwasseenatoncetobeadishcookeduptothepalateoftheirreaders。Butnothingcouldexceedtheanxietyofhisdiplomaticbrethren，onasubsequentreportofhisdeath，which，tho’premature，boresomemarksofauthenticity。
　　IfoundtheministersofFranceequallyimpressedwiththetalents&integrityofDoct’rFranklin。TheC’tdeVergennesparticularlygavemerepeatedandunequivocaldemonstrationsofhisentireconfidenceinhim。
　　WhenheleftPassy，itseemedasifthevillagehadlostitspatriarch。Ontakingleaveofthecourt，whichhedidbyletter，theKingorderedhimtobehandsomelycomplimented，&furnishedhimwithalitter&mulesofhisown，theonlykindofconveyancethestateofhishealthcouldbear。
　　NogreaterproofofhisestimationinFrancecanbegiventhanthelatelettersofcondolenceonhisdeath，fromtheNationalAssemblyofthatcountry，&theCommunityofParis，tothePresidentoftheUnitedStates，&toCongress，andtheirpublicmourningonthatevent。Itis，Ibelieve，thefirstinstanceofthathomagehavingbeenpaidbyapublicbodyofonenationtoaprivatecitizenofanother。
　　Hisdeathwasanafflictionwhichwastohappentousatsometimeorother。Wehavereasontobethankfulhewassolongspared；
　　thatthemostusefullifeshouldbethelongestalso；thatitwasprotractedsofarbeyondtheordinaryspanallottedtoman，astoavailusofhiswisdomintheestablishmentofourownfreedom，&toblesshimwithaviewofitsdawnintheeast，wheretheyseemed，tillnow，tohavelearnedeverything，buthowtobefree。
　　ThesuccessiontoD’rFranklin，atthecourtofFrance，wasanexcellentschoolofhumility。OnbeingpresentedtoanyoneastheministerofAmerica，thecommonplacequestionusedinsuchcaseswas_”c’estvous，Monsieur，quiremplaceleDocteurFranklin?”_”itisyou，Sir，whoreplaceDoctorFranklin?”Igenerallyanswered，”noonecanreplacehim，Sir：Iamonlyhissuccessor。”
　　Thesesmallofferingstothememoryofourgreat&dearfriend，whomtimewillbemakinggreaterwhileitisspungingusfromit’srecords，mustbeacceptedbyyou，Sir，inthatspiritoflove&
　　venerationforhim，inwhichtheyaremade；andnotaccordingtotheirinsignificanceintheeyesofaworld，whodidnotwantthismitetofillupthemeasureofhisworth。
　　CAPITOLONTHEPOTOMAC
　　_ToMajorL’Enfant_
　　_Philadelphia，April10，1791_
　　SIR，——Iamfavoredwithyourletterofthe4thinstant，andincompliancewithyourrequest，Ihaveexaminedmypapers，andfoundtheplansofFrankfort-on-the-Mayne，Carlsruhe，Amsterdam，Strasburg，Paris，Orleans，Bordeaux，Lyons，Montpelier，Marseilles，Turin，andMilan，whichIsendinarollbythepost。Theyareonlargeandaccuratescales，havingbeenprocuredbymewhileinthoserespectivecitiesmyself。AstheyareconnectedwiththenotesImadeinmytravels，andoftennecessarytoexplainthemtomyself，Iwillbegyourcareofthem，andtoreturnthemwhennolongerusefultoyou，leavingyouabsolutelyfreetokeepthemaslongasuseful。IamhappythatthePresidenthaslefttheplanningofthetowninsuchgoodhands，andhavenodoubtitwillbedonetogeneralsatisfaction。Consideringthatthegroundstobereservedforthepublicaretobepaidforbytheacre，Ithinkveryliberalreservationsshouldbemadeforthem；andifthisbeabouttheTyberandonthebackofthetown，itwillbeofnoinjurytothecommerceoftheplace，whichwillundoubtedlyestablishitselfonthedeepwaterstowardstheeasternbranchandmouthofRockCreek；thewateraboutthemouthoftheTybernotbeingofanydepth。Thoseconnectedwiththegovernmentwillpreferfixingthemselvesnearthepublicgroundsinthecentre，whichwillalsobeconvenienttoberesortedtoaswalksfromtheloweranduppertown。HavingcommunicatedtothePresident，beforehewentaway，suchgeneralideasonthesubjectofthetownasoccurredtome，Imakenodoubtthat，inexplaininghimselftoyouonthesubject，hehasinterwovenwithhisownideas，suchofmineasheapproved。Forfearofrepeatingthereforewhathedidnotapprove，andhavingmoreconfidenceintheunbiassedstateofhismind，thaninmyown，Iavoidedinterferingwithwhathemayhaveexpressedtoyou。WheneveritisproposedtoprepareplansfortheCapitol，Ishouldprefertheadoptionofsomeoneofthemodelsofantiquity，whichhavehadtheapprobationofthousandsofyears；andforthePresident’shouse，Ishouldpreferthecelebratedfrontsofmodernbuildings，whichhavealreadyreceivedtheapprobationofallgoodjudges。SucharetheGalerieduLouire，theGardesmeubles，andtwofrontsoftheHoteldeSalm。Butofthisitisyettimeenoughtoconsider。InthemeantimeIam，withgreatesteem，Sir，yourmostobedienthumbleservant。
　　ANOTEONINDIANPOLICY