Beholdtheoriginalandprimitivenobilityofallthosegreatpersonswhoaretooproudnownotonlytotilltheground，butalmosttotreaduponit。Wemaytalkwhatwepleaseofliliesandlionsrampant，andspreadeaglesinfieldsd’orord’argent；butifheraldrywereguidedbyreason，aploughinafieldarablewouldbethemostnobleandancientarms。
　　AlltheseconsiderationsmakemefallintothewonderandcomplaintofColumella，howitshouldcometopassthatallartsorSciences（forthedispute，whichisanartandwhichisascience，doesnotbelongtothecuriosityofushusbandmen），metaphysic，physic，morality，mathematics，logic，rhetoric，etc。，whichareall，I
　　grant，goodandusefulfaculties，exceptonlymetaphysic，whichIdonotknowwhetheritbeanythingorno，butevenvaulting，fencing，dancing，attiring，cookery，carving，andsuchlikevanities，shouldallhavepublicschoolsandmasters；andyetthatweshouldneverseeorhearofanymanwhotookuponhimtheprofessionofteachingthissopleasant，sovirtuous，soprofitable，sohonourable，sonecessaryart。
　　Amanwouldthink，whenhe’sinserioushumour，thatitwerebutavain，irrational，andridiculousthingforagreatcompanyofmenandwomentorunupanddowninaroomtogether，inahundredseveralposturesandfigures，tonopurpose，andwithnodesign；andthereforedancingwasinventedfirst，andonlypractisedanciently，intheceremoniesoftheheathenreligion，whichconsistedallinmummeryandmadness；thelatterbeingthechiefgloryoftheworship，andaccounteddivineinspiration。This，Isay，aseveremanwouldthink，thoughIdarenotdeterminesofaragainstsocustomaryapartnowofgoodbreeding。Andyet，whoisthereamongourgentrythatdoesnotentertainadancingmasterforhischildrenassoonastheyareabletowalk？Butdideveranyfatherprovideatutorforhissontoinstructhimbetimesinthenatureandimprovementsofthatlandwhichheintendedtoleavehim？Thatisatleastasuperfluity，andthisadefectinourmannerofeducation；andthereforeIcouldwish，butcannotinthesetimesmuchhopetoseeit，thatonecollegeineachuniversitywereerected，andappropriatedtothisstudy，aswellastherearetomedicineandthecivillaw。Therewouldbenoneedofmakingabodyofscholarsandfellows，withcertainendowments，asinothercolleges；itwouldsufficeif，afterthemannerofHallsinOxford，therewereonlyfourprofessorsconstituted（foritwouldbetoomuchworkforonlyonemaster，orPrincipal，astheycallhimthere）
　　toteachthesefourpartsofit。First，aration，andallthingsrelatingtoit。Secondly，pasturage；thirdly，gardens，orchards，vineyards，andwoods；fourthly，allpartsofruraleconomy，whichwouldcontainthegovernmentofbees，swine，poultry，decoys，ponds，etc。，andallthatwhichVarrocallsVillaticasPastiones，togetherwiththesportsofthefield，whichoughtnottobelookedupononlyaspleasures，butaspartsofhousekeeping，andthedomesticalconservationandusesofallthatisbroughtinbyindustryabroad。
　　Thebusinessoftheseprofessorsshouldnotbe，asiscommonlypractisedinotherarts，onlytoreadpompousandsuperficiallecturesoutofVirgil’sGeorgics，Pliny，Varro，orColumella，buttoinstructtheirpupilsinthewholemethodandcourseofthisstudy，whichmightberunthroughperhapswithdiligenceinayearortwo；andthecontinualsuccessionofscholarsuponamoderatetaxationfortheirdiet，lodging，andlearning，wouldbeasufficientconstantrevenueformaintenanceofthehouseandtheprofessors，whoshouldbemennotchosenfortheostentationofcriticalliterature，butforsolidandexperimentalknowledgeofthethingstheyteachsuchmen；soindustriousandpublicspiritedasI
　　conceiveMr。Hartlibtobe，ifthegentlemanbeyetalive。Butitisneedlesstospeakfurtherofmythoughtsofthisdesign，unlessthepresentdispositionoftheageallowedmoreprobabilityofbringingitintoexecution。WhatIhavefurthertosayofthecountrylifeshallbeborrowedfromthepoets，whowerealwaysthemostfaithfulandaffectionatefriendstoit。Poetrywasbornamongtheshepherds。
　　NescioquanatalesolumdulcedinemusasDucit，etimmemoresnonsinitessesui。
　　TheMusesstilllovetheirownnativeplace，’Thassecretcharmswhichnothingcandeface。
　　Thetruthis，nootherplaceisproperfortheirwork。Onemightaswellundertaketodanceinacrowd，astomakegoodversesinthemidstofnoiseandtumult。
　　Aswellmightcornasverseincitiesgrow；
　　Invainthethanklessglebeweploughandsow，Againstth’unnaturalsoilinvainwestrive，’Tisnotagroundinwhichtheseplantswillthrive。
　　Itwillbearnothingbutthenettlesorthornsofsatire，whichgrowmostnaturallyintheworstearth；andthereforealmostallpoets，exceptthosewhowerenotabletoeatbreadwithoutthebountyofgreatmen，thatis，withoutwhattheycouldgetbyflatteringofthem，havenotonlywithdrawnthemselvesfromthevicesandvanitiesofthegrandworld（paritervitiisquejocisquealtiushumanisexeruerecaput）intotheinnocenthappinessofaretiredlife；buthavecommendedandadornednothingsomuchbytheirever—livingpoems。Hesiodwasthefirstorsecondpoetintheworldthatremainsyetextant（ifHomer，assomethink，precededhim，butI
　　ratherbelievetheywerecontemporaries），andheisthefirstwriter，too，oftheartofhusbandry。Hehascontributed，saysColumella，notalittletoourprofession；Isupposehemeansnotalittlehonour，forthematterofhisinstructionsisnotveryimportant。Hisgreatantiquityisvisiblethroughthegravityandsimplicityofhisstyle。Themostacuteofallhissayingsconcernsourpurposeverymuch，andiscouchedinthereverendobscurityofanoracle。[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced]。Thehalfismorethanthewhole。Theoccasionofthespeechisthis：hisbrotherPerseshadbycorruptingsomegreatmen（[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced]，greatbribe—eatershecallsthem）gottenfromhimthehalfofhisestate。Itisnomatter，sayshe，theyhavenotdonemesomuchprejudiceastheyimagine。
　　[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced——translationbelow]
　　UnhappytheytowhomGodhasnotrevealedByastronglightwhichmusttheirsensecontrol，Thathalfagreatestate’smorethanthewhole。
　　Unhappy，fromwhomstillconcealeddoeslieOfrootsandherbsthewholesomeluxury。
　　ThisIconceivetohavebeenhonestHesiod’smeaning。FromHomerwemustnotexpectmuchconcerningouraffairs。Hewasblind，andcouldneitherworkinthecountrynorenjoythepleasuresofit；hishelplesspovertywaslikeliesttobesustainedintherichestplaces，hewastodelighttheGrecianswithfinetalesofthewarsandadventuresoftheirancestors；hissubjectremovedhimfromallcommercewithus，andyet，methinks，hemadeashifttoshowhisgoodwillalittle。ForthoughhecoulddousnohonourinthepersonofhisheroUlysses（muchlessofAchilles），becausehiswholetimewasconsumedinwarsandvoyages，yethemakeshisfatherLaertesagardenerallthatwhile，andseekinghisconsolationfortheabsenceofhissoninthepleasureofplantingandevendunginghisowngrounds。Yet，see，hedidnotcontemnuspeasants；nay，sofarwashefromthatinsolence，thathealwaysstylesEumaeus，whokeptthehogswithwonderfulrespect，[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced]，thedivineswine—herd；hecouldhavedonenomoreforMenelausorAgamemnon。AndTheocritus（averyancientpoet，buthewasoneofourowntribe，forhewrotenothingbutpastorals）gavethesameepithettoahusbandman[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced]。ThedivinehusbandmanrepliedtoHercules，whowasbut[Greektext]himself。ThesewerecivilGreeks，andwhounderstoodthedignityofourcalling。AmongtheRomans，wehaveinthefirstplaceourtrulydivineVirgil，who，thoughbythefavourofMaecenasandAugustushemighthavebeenoneofthechiefmenofRome，yetchoserathertoemploymuchofhistimeintheexercise，andmuchofhisimmortalwitinthepraiseandinstructionsofarusticlife；
　　who，thoughhehadwrittenbeforewholebooksofPastoralsandGeorgics，couldnotabstaininhisgreatandimperialpoemfromdescribingEvander，oneofhisbestprinces，aslivingjustafterthehomelymannerofanordinarycountryman。Heseatshiminathroneofmaple，andlayshimbutuponabear’sskin，thekineandoxenarelowinginhiscourtyard，thebirds’undertheeavesofhiswindowcallhimupinthemorning；andwhenhegoesabroadonlytwodogsgoalong，withhimforhisguard。Atlast，whenhebringsAEneasintohisroyalcottage，hemakeshimsaythismemorablecompliment，greaterthaneveryetwasspokenattheEscurial，theLouvre，orourWhitehall。
　　Haec，inquit，liminavictorAlcidessubiit，haecillumRegiacepit，Aude，Hospes，contemnereopes，ettequoquedignumFingeDeo，rebusqueveninonasperegenis。
　　Thishumbleroof，thisrusticcourt，saidhe，ReceivedAlcidescrownedwithvictory。
　　Scornnot，greatguest，thestepswherehehastrod，Butcontemnwealth，andimitateagod。
　　Thenextmanwhomwearemuchobligedto，bothforhisdoctrineandexample，isthenextbestpoetintheworldtoVirgil：hisdearfriendHorace，who，whenAugustushaddesiredMecaenastopersuadehimtocomeandlivedomesticallyandatthesametablewithhim，andtobeSecretaryofStateofthewholeworldunderhim，orratherjointlywithhim（forhesays，"utnosinEpistolisscribendisadjuvet，"）couldnotbetemptedtoforsakehisSabineorTiburtineManor，forsorichandsogloriousatrouble。Therewasnever，I
　　think，suchanexampleasthisintheworld，thatheshouldhavesomuchmoderationandcourageastorefuseanofferofsuchgreatness，andtheEmperorsomuchgenerosityandgoodnatureasnottobeatalloffendedwithhisrefusal，buttoretainstillthesamekindness，andexpressitoftentohiminmostfriendlyandfamiliarletters，partofwhicharestillextant。IfIshouldproduceallthepassagesofthisexcellentauthorupontheseveralsubjectswhichItreatofinthisbook，Imustbeobligedtotranslatehalfhisworks；ofwhichImaysaymoretrulythan，inmyopinion，hedidofHomer，"Quiquidsitpulchrum，quidturpe，quidutile，quidnon，plenius，etmeliusChrysippo，etCrantoredicit。"Ishallcontentmyselfuponthisparticularthemewiththreeonly，oneoutofhisOdes，theotheroutofhisSatires，thethirdoutofhisEpistles，andshallforbeartocollectthesuffragesofallotherpoets，whichmaybefoundscatteredupanddownthroughalltheirwritings，andespeciallyinMartial’s。ButImustnotomittomakesomeexcusefortheboldundertakingofmyownunskilfulpenciluponthebeautiesofafacethathasbeendrawnbeforebysomanygreatmasters，especiallythatIshoulddaretodoitinLatinverses（thoughofanotherkind）andhavetheconfidencetotranslatethem。
　　IcanonlysaythatIlovethematter，andthatoughttocover，manyfaults；andthatIrunnottocontendwiththosebeforeme，butfollowtoapplaudthem。
　　VIRG。GEORG。—
　　Ofortunatusnimium，etc。
　　ATRANSLATIONOUTOFVIRGIL
　　Ohhappy（ifhishappinessheknows）
　　Thecountryswain，onwhomkindHeavenbestowsAthomeallrichesthatwiseNatureneeds；
　　Whomthejustearthwitheasyplentyfeeds。
　　’Tistrue，nomorningtideofclientscomes，Andfillsthepaintedchannelsofhisrooms，Adoringtherichfigures，astheypass，Intapestrywrought，orcutinlivingbrass；
　　NorishiswoolsuperfluouslydyedWiththedearpoisonofAssyrianpride：
　　NordoArabianperfumesvainlyspoilThenativeuseandsweetnessofhisoil。
　　Insteadofthese，hiscalmandharmlesslife，Freefromth’alarmsoffear，andstormsofstrife，Doeswithsubstantialblessednessabound，Andthesoftwingsofpeacecoverhimround：
　　Throughartlessgrotsthemurmuringwatersglide；
　　Thicktreesbothagainstheatandcoldprovide，Fromwhencethebirdssalutehim；andhisgroundWithlowingherds，andbleatingsheepdoessound；
　　Andalltherivers，andtheforestsnigh，Bothfoodandgameandexercisesupply。
　　Hereawell—hardened，activeyouthwesee，Taughtthegreatartofcheerfulpoverty。
　　Here，inthisplacealone，therestilldoshineSomestreaksoflove，bothhumananddivine；
　　FromhenceAstraeatookherflight，andhereStillherlastfootstepsuponearthappear。
　　’Tistrue，thefirstdesirewhichdoescontrolAlltheinferiorwheelsthatmovemysoul，Is，thattheMusemeherhighpriestwouldmake；
　　Intoherholiestscenesofmysterytake，Andopentheretomymind’spurgedeyeThosewonderswhichtosensethegodsdeny；
　　HowinthemoonsuchchanceofshapesisfoundThemoon，thechangingworld’seternalbound。
　　Whatshakesthesolidearth，whatstrongdiseaseDarestroublethefirmcentre’sancientease；
　　Whatmakesthesearetreat，andwhatadvance：
　　Varietiestooregularforchance。
　　Whatdrivesthechariotonofwinter’slight，Andstopsthelazywaggonofthenight。
　　ButifmydullandfrozenblooddenyTosendforthspiritsthatraiseasoulsohigh；
　　Inthenextplace，letwoodsandriversbeMyquiet，thoughunglorious，destiny。
　　Inlife’scoolvaleletmylowscenebelaid；
　　Coverme，gods，withTempe’sthickestshadeHappytheman，Igrant，thricehappyheWhocanthroughgrosseffectstheircausessee：
　　Whosecouragefromthedeepsofknowledgesprings。
　　Norvainlyfearsinevitablethings；
　　Butdoeshiswalkofvirtuecalmlygo，Throughallth’alarmsofdeathandhellbelow。
　　Happy!butnextsuchconquerors，happythey，Whosehumblelifeliesnotinfortune’sway。
　　TheyunconcernedfromtheirsafedistantseatBeholdtherodsandsceptresofthegreat。
　　Thequarrelsofthemighty，withoutfear，Andthedescentofforeigntroopstheyhear。
　　NorcanevenRometheirsteadycoursemisguide，Withallthelustreofherperishingpride。
　　ThemneveryetdidstrifeoravaricedrawIntothenoisymarketsofthelaw，Thecampsofgownedwar，nordotheyliveByrulesorformsthatmanymadmengive，Dutyfornature’sbountytheyrepay，Andhersolelawsreligiouslyobey。
　　Somewithboldlabourploughthefaithlessmain；
　　Somerougherstormsinprinces’courtssustain。
　　Someswelluptheirslightsailswithpopularfame，Charmedwiththefoolishwhistlingsofaname。
　　Sometheirvainwealthtoearthagaincommit；
　　Withendlesscaressomebroodingo’eritsit。
　　Countryandfriendsarebysomewretchessold，TolieonTyrianbedsanddrinkingold；
　　Nopricetoohighforprofitcanbeshown；
　　Notbrother’sblood，norhazardsoftheirown。
　　Aroundtheworldinsearchofittheyroam；
　　Itmakese’entheirAntipodestheirhome。
　　Meanwhile，theprudenthusbandmanisfoundInmutualdutiesstrivingwithhisground；
　　AndhalftheyearhecareofthatdoestakeThathalftheyeargratefulreturnsdoesmakeEachfertilemonthdoessomenewgiftspresent，Andwithnewworkhisindustrycontent：
　　Thistheyounglamb，thatthesoftfleecedothyield，Thisloadswithhay，andthatwithcornthefield：
　　Allsortsoffruitcrowntherichautumn’spride：
　　Andonaswellinghill’swarmstonyside，Thepowerfulprincelypurpleofthevine，Twicedyedwiththeredoubledsun，doesshine。
　　Inth’eveningtoafairensuingday，Withjoyheseeshisflocksandkidstoplay，Andloadedkineabouthiscottagestand，Invitingwithknownsoundthemilker’shand；
　　Andwhenfromwholesomelabourhedothcome，Withwishestobethere，andwishedforhome，Hemeetsatdoorthesoftesthumanblisses，Hischastewife’swelcome，anddearchildren’skisses。
　　WhenanyruralholydaysinviteHisgeniusforthtoinnocentdelight，Onearth’sfairbedbeneathsomesacredshade，Amidsthisequalfriendscarelesslylaid，Hesingsthee，Bacchus，patronofthevine，Thebeechenbowlfoamswithafloodofwine，Nottothelossofreasonorofstrength。
　　ToactivegamesandmanlysportatlengthTheirmirthascends，andwithfilledveinstheysee，Whocanthebestatbettertrialsbe。
　　SuchwasthelifetheprudentSabinechose，FromsuchtheoldEtrurianvirtuerose。
　　Such，Remusandthegodhisbrotherled，FromsuchfirmfootingRomegrewtheworld’shead。
　　SuchwasthelifethateventillnowdoesraiseThehonourofpoorSaturn’sgoldendays：
　　Beforemenbornofearthandburiedthere，Letintheseatheirmortalfatetoshare，Beforenewwaysofperishingweresought，Beforeunskilfuldeathonanvilswrought。
　　Beforethosebeastswhichhumanlifesustain，Bymen，unlesstothegods’use，wereslain。
　　HORAT。EPODON。
　　Beatusillequiprocul，etc。
　　HappytimemanwhombounteousgodsallowWithhisownhandpaternalgroundstoplough!
　　Likethefirstgoldenmortals，happyhe，Frombusinessandthecaresofmoneyfree!
　　Nohumanstormsbreakoffatlandhissleep，Noloudalarmsofnatureonthedeep。
　　Fromallthecheatsoflawhelivessecure，Nordoesth’affrontsofpalacesendure。
　　SometimesthebeauteousmarriageablevineHetothelustybridegroomelmdoesjoin；
　　Sometimeshelopsthebarrentreesaround，Andgraftsnewlifeintothefruitfulwound；
　　Sometimesheshearshisflock，andsometimesheStoresupthegoldentreasuresofthebee。
　　Heseeshislowingherdswalko’ertheplain，Whilstneighbouringhillslowbacktothemagain。
　　Andwhentheseason，richaswellasgay，Allherautumnalbountydoesdisplay，Howishepleas’dth’increasingusetoseeOfhiswelltrustedlaboursbendthetree；
　　Ofwhichlargeshares，onthegladsacreddays，Hegivestofriends，andtothegodsrepays。
　　Withhowmuchjoydoeshe，beneathsomeshadeByagedtrees，reverendembracesmade，Hiscarelessheadonthefreshgreenrecline，Hisheadunchargedwithfearorwithdesign。
　　Byhimariverconstantlycomplains，Thebirdsaboverejoicewithvariousstrains，AndinthesolemnscenetheirorgieskeepLikedreamsmixedwiththegravityofsleep，Sleepwhichdoesalwaysthereforentrancewait，Andnoughtwithinagainstitshutsthegate。
　　Nordoestheroughestseasonofthesky，OrsullenJove，allsportstohimdeny。
　　Herunsthemazesofthenimblehare，Hiswell—moutheddogs’gladconcertrendstheair，Orwithgamebolder，andrewardedmore，Hedrivesintoatoilthefoamingboar；
　　Herefliesthehawktoassault，andtherethenetTointerceptthetravellingfowlisset；
　　Andallhismalice，allhiscraftisshownIninnocentwars，onbeastsandbirdsalone。
　　Thisisthelifefromallmisfortunefree，Fromthee，thegreatone，tyrantlove，fromthee；
　　Andifachasteandcleanthoughhomelywife，Beaddedtotheblessingsofthislife，—
　　Suchastheancientsun—burntSabineswere，SuchasApulia，frugalstill，doesbear，—
　　WhomakesherchildrenandthehousehercareAndjoyfullytheworkoflifedoesshare；
　　NorthinksherselftoonobleortoofineTopinthesheepfoldortomilkthekine；
　　WhowaitsatdooragainstherhusbandcomeFromruralduties，late，andweariedhome，Whereshereceiveshimwithakindembrace，Acheerfulfire，andamorecheerfulface：
　　Andfillsthebowluptoherhomelylord，Andwithdomesticplentyloadtheboard。
　　Notallthelustfulshell—fishofthesea，Dressedbythewantonhandofluxury，NorortolansnorgodwitsnortherestOfcostlynamesthatglorifyafeast，AreattheprincelytablesbettercheerThanlambandkid，lettuceandolives，here。
　　THECOUNTRYMOUSE。
　　AParaphraseuponHorace，IIBook，Satirevi。
　　Atthelargefootofafairhollowtree，Closetoploughedground，seatedcommodiously，Hisancientandhereditaryhouse，Theredweltagoodsubstantialcountrymouse：
　　Frugal，andgrave，andcarefulofthemain，YetonewhooncedidnoblyentertainAcitymouse，wellcoated，sleek，andgay，Amouseofhighdegree，whichlosthisway，Wantonlywalkingforthtotaketheair，Andarrivedearly，andalightedthere，Foraday’slodging。Thegoodheartyhost（Theancientplentyofhishalltoboast）
　　Didallthestoresproducethatmightexcite，Withvarioustastes，thecourtier’sappetite。
　　Fitchesandbeans，peason，andoats，andwheat，Andalargechestnut，thedeliciousmeatWhichJovehimself，wereheamouse，wouldeat。
　　AndforahautgousttherewasmixedwiththeseTheswerdofbacon，andthecoatofcheese，Thepreciousrelics，whichatharvestheHadgatheredfromthereapers’luxury。
　　"Freely，"saidhe，"fallon，andneverspare，Thebounteousgodswillforto—morrowcare。"
　　Andthusateaseonbedsofstrawtheylay，Andtotheirgeniussacrificedtheday。
　　Yettheniceguest’sepicureanmind（Thoughbreedingmadehimcivilseem，andkind）
　　Despisedthiscountryfeast，andstillhisthoughtUponthecakesandpiesofLondonwrought。
　　"Yourbountyandcivility，"saidhe，"WhichI’msurprisedintheserudepartstosee，ShowthatthegodshavegivenyouamindToonobleforthefatewhichhereyoufind。
　　Whyshouldasoul，sovirtuousandsogreat，Loseitselfthusinanobscureretreat？
　　Letsavagebeastslodgeinacountryden，Youshouldseetowns，andmannersknow，andmen；
　　Andtastethegenerousluxuryofthecourt，Whereallthemiceofqualityresort；
　　Wherethousandbeauteousshesaboutyoumove，Andbyhighfarearepliantmadetolove。
　　Weallerelongmustrenderupourbreath，Nocaveorholecanshelterusfromdeath。
　　Sincelifeissouncertainandsoshort，Let’sspenditallinfeastingandinsport。
　　Come，worthysir，comewithme，andpartakeAllthegreatthingsthatmortalshappymake。"
　　Alas，whatvirtuehathsufficientarmsToopposebrighthonourandsoftpleasure’scharms？
　　Whatwisdomcantheirmagicforcerepel？
　　Itdrawsthereverendhermitfromhiscell。
　　Itwasthetime，whenwittypoetstell，ThatPhoebusintoThetis’bosomfell：
　　Sheblushedatfirst，andthenputoutthelight，Anddrewthemodestcurtainsofthenight。
　　Plainlythetruthtotell，thesunwasset，Whentothetownourweariedtravellersget。
　　Toalord’shouse，aslordlyascanbe，Madefortheuseofprideandluxury，Theysome；thegentlecourtieratthedoorStops，andwillhardlyenterinbefore；—
　　But’tis，sir，yourcommand，andbeingso，I’mswornt’obedience——andsointheygo。
　　Behindahanginginaspaciousroom（TherichestworkofMortlake’snobleloom）
　　Theywaitawhiletheirweariedlimbstorest，Tillsilenceshouldinvitethemtotheirfeast，AboutthehourthatCynthia’ssilverlightHadtouchedthepalemeridiesofthenight，Atlast，thevarioussupperbeingdone，IthappenedthatthecompanywasgoneIntoaroomremote，servantsandall，Topleasetheirnoblefancieswithaball。
　　Ourhostleadsforthhisstranger，anddoesfindAllfittedtothebountiesofhismind。
　　Stillonthetablehalf—filleddishesstood，Andwithdeliciousbitsthefloorwasstrewed；
　　Thecourteousmousepresentshimwiththebest，Andbothwithfatvarietiesareblest。
　　Theindustriouspeasanteverywheredoesrange，Andthanksthegodsforhislife’shappychange。
　　Lo，inthemidstofawell—freightedpieTheybothatlastgluttedandwantonlie，Whenseethesadreverseofprosperousfate，Andwhatfiercestormsonmortalglorieswait!
　　Withhideousnoise，downtherudeservantscome，Sixdogsbeforerunbarkingintoth’room；
　　Thewretchedgluttonsflywithwildaffright，Andhatethefulnesswhichretardstheirflight。
　　Ourtremblingpeasantwishesnowinvain。
　　Thatrocksandmountainscoveredhimagain。
　　Oh，howthechangeofhispoorlife，hecursed!
　　"This，ofalllives，"saidhe，"issuretheworst。
　　Givemeagain，yegods，mycaveandwood；
　　Withpeace，lettaresandacornsbemyfood。"
　　AParaphraseupontheEightiethEpistleoftheFirstBookofHorace。
　　HORACETOFUSCUSARISTIUS。
　　Health，fromtheloverofthecountry，me，Health，totheloverofthecity，thee，Adifferenceinoursouls，thisonlyproves，Inallthingselse，weagreelikemarrieddoves。
　　ButthewarmnestandcrowdeddovehousethouDostlike；Ilooselyflyfromboughtobough；
　　Andriversdrink，andalltheshiningday，UponfairtreesormossyrocksIplay；
　　Infine，IliveandreignwhenIretireFromallthatyouequalwithheavenadmire。
　　Likeoneatlastfromthepriest’sservicefled，Loathingthehoniedcakes，Ilongforbread。
　　WouldIahouseforhappinesserect，Naturealoneshouldbethearchitect。
　　She’dbuilditmoreconvenientthangreat，Anddoubtlessinthecountrychooseherseat。
　　IsthereaplacedothbetterhelpssupplyAgainstthewoundsofwinter’scruelty？
　　IsthereanairthatgentlerdoesassuageThemadcelestialdog’sorlion’srage？
　　Isitnottherethatsleep（andonlythere）
　　Nornoisewithout，norcareswithindoesfear？
　　DoesartthroughpipesapurerwaterbringThanthatwhichnaturestrainsintoaspring？
　　Canallyourtapestries，oryourpictures，showMorebeautiesthaninherbsandflowersdogrow？
　　Fountainsandtreesourweariedpridedoplease，Eveninthemidstofgildedpalaces。
　　AndinyourtownsthatprospectgivesdelightWhichopensroundthecountrytooursight。
　　Mentothegood，fromwhichtheyrashlyfly，Returnatlast，andtheirwildluxuryDoesbutinvainwiththosetruejoyscontendWhichnaturedidtomankindrecommend。
　　Themanwhochangesgoldforburnishedbrass，Orsmallrightgemsforlargeronesofglass，Isnot，atlength，morecertaintobemadeRidiculousandwretchedbythetrade，ThanhewhosellsasolidgoodtobuyThepaintedgoodsofprideandvanity。
　　Ifthoubewise，nogloriousfortunechoose，Which’tisbutpaintokeep，yetgrieftolose。
　　Forwhenweplaceeventriflesintheheart，Withtriflestoounwillinglywepart。
　　Anhumbleroof，plainbed，andhomelyboard，Moreclear，untaintedpleasuresdoaffordThanallthetumultofvaingreatnessbringsTokings，ortothefavouritesofkings。
　　Thehorneddeer，bynaturearmedsowell，Didwiththehorseincommonpasturedwell；
　　Andwhentheyfought，thefielditalwayswon，Tilltheambitioushorsebeggedhelpofman，Andtookthebridle，andthenceforthdidreignBravelyalone，aslordofalltheplain：
　　ButneveraftercouldtheridergetFromoffhisback，orfromhismouththebit。
　　Sothey，whopovertytoomuchdofear，Toavoidthatweight，agreaterburdenbear；
　　Thattheymightpowerabovetheirequalshave，Tocruelmasterstheythemselvesenslave。
　　Forgold，theirlibertyexchangedwesee，Thatfairestflowerwhichcrownshumanity。
　　Andallthismischiefdoesuponthemlight，OnlybecausetheyknownothowarightThatgreat，butsecret，happinesstoprize，That’slaidupinalittle，forthewise：
　　ThatisthebestandeasiestestateWhichtoamansitsclose，butnottoostrait。
　　’Tislikeashoe：itpinches，anditburns，Toonarrow；andtoolargeitoverturns。
　　Mydearestfriend，stopthydesiresatlast，Andcheerfullyenjoythewealththouhast。
　　And，ifmestillseekingformoreyousee，Chideandreproach，despiseandlaughatme。
　　Moneywasmade，nottocommandourwill，Butallourlawfulpleasurestofulfil。
　　Shameandwoetous，ifweourwealthobey；
　　Thehorsedothwiththehorsemanrunaway。
　　THECOUNTRYLIFE。
　　Libr。4，Plantarum。
　　Blestbetheman（andblestheis）whome’er（Placedfaroutoftheroadsofhopeorfear）
　　Alittlefieldandlittlegardenfeeds；
　　Thefieldgivesallthatfrugalnatureneeds，ThewealthygardenliberallybestowsAllshecanask，whensheluxuriousgrows。
　　Thespeciousinconveniences，thatwaitUponalifeofbusinessandofstate，Hesees（nordoesthesightdisturbhisrest）
　　Byfoolsdesired，bywickedmenpossessed。
　　Thus，thus（andthisdeservedgreatVirgil’spraise）
　　TheoldCorycianyeomanpassedhisdays，ThushiswiselifeAbdolonymusspent：
　　TheambassadorswhichthegreatemperorsentToofferhimacrown，withwonderfoundThereverendgardenerhoeingofhisground；
　　Unwillinglyandslow，anddiscontent，Fromhislovedcottagetoathronehewent。
　　Andofthestoppedinhistriumphantway，Andoftlookedback，andoftwasheardtosay，Notwithoutsighs，"Alas!IthereforsakeAhappierkingdomthanIgototake。"
　　ThusAglaus（amanunknowntomen，Butthegodsknew，andthereforelovedhimthen）
　　Thuslivedobscurelythenwithoutaname，Aglaus，nowconsignedtoeternalfame。
　　ForGyges，therichking，wickedandgreat，PresumedatwiseApollo’sDelphicseat，Presumedtoask，"Othou，thewholeworld’seye，SeestthouamanthathappieristhanI？"
　　Thegod，whoscornedtoflatterman，replied，"Aglaushappieris。"ButGygescried，Inaproudrage，"WhocanthatAglausbe？
　　Wehaveheardasyetofnosuchkingashe。"
　　Andtrueitwas，throughthewholeeartharoundNokingofsuchanamewastobefound。
　　"Issomeoldheroofthatnamealive，Whohishighracedoesfromthegodsderive？
　　IsitsomemightygeneralthathasdoneWondersinfight，andgod—likehonourswon？
　　Isitsomemanofendlesswealth？"saidhe；
　　"None，noneofthese：whocanthisAglausbe？"
　　Afterlongsearch，andvaininquiriespassed，InanobscureArcadianvaleatlast（TheArcadianlifehasalwaysshadybeen）
　　NearSopho’stown（whichhebutoncehadseen）
　　ThisAglaus，whomonarchs’envydrew，Whosehappinessthegodsstoodwitnessto，ThismightyAglauswaslabouringfound，Withhisownhands，inhisownlittleground。
　　So，graciousGod（ifitmaylawfulbe，AmongthosefoolishgodstomentionThee），Soletmeact，onsuchaprivatestage，Thelastdullscenesofmydecliningage；
　　Afterlongtoilsandvoyagesinvain，Thisquietportletmytossedvesselgain；
　　Ofheavenlyrestthisearnesttomelend，Letmylifesleep，andlearntoloveherend。
　　THEGARDEN
　　ToJ。Evelyn，Esquire。
　　Ineverhadanyotherdesiresostrong，andsoliketocovetousness，asthatonewhichIhavehadalways，thatImightbemasteratlastofasmallhouseandlargegarden，withverymoderateconveniencesjoinedtothem，andtherededicatetheremainderofmylifeonlytothecultureofthemandthestudyofnature。
　　Andthere（withnodesignbeyondmywall）wholeandentiretolie，Innounactiveease，andnoungloriouspoverty。
　　Or，asVirgilhassaid，shorterandbetterforme，thatImighttherestudiisflorereignobilisotii，thoughIcouldwishthathehadrathersaidNobilisotiiwhenhespokeofhisown。Butseveralaccidentsofmyillfortunehavedisappointedmehitherto，anddostill，ofthatfelicity；forthoughIhavemadethefirstandhardeststeptoit，byabandoningallambitionsandhopesinthisworld，andbyretiringfromthenoiseofallbusinessandalmostcompany，yetIstickstillintheinnofahiredhouseandgarden，amongweedsandrubbish，andwithoutthatpleasantestworkofhumanindustry——theimprovementofsomethingwhichwecall（notveryproperly，butyetwecall）ourown。IamgoneoutfromSodom，butI
　　amnotarrivedatmylittleZoar。"Oh，letmeescapethither（isitnotalittleone!），andmysoulshalllive。"Idonotlookbackyet；butIhavebeenforcedtostopandmaketoomanyhalts。Youmaywonder，sir（forthisseemsalittletooextravagantandPindaricalforprose）whatImeanbyallthispreface。Itistoletyouknow，thatthoughIhavemissed，likeachemist，mygreatend，yetIaccountmyafflictionsandendeavourswellrewardedbysomethingthatIhavemetwithby—the—by，whichis，thattheyhaveproducedtomesomepartinyourkindnessandesteem；andtherebythehonourofhavingmynamesoadvantageouslyrecommendedtoposteritybytheepistleyouarepleasedtoprefixtothemostusefulbookthathasbeenwritteninthatkind，andwhichistolastaslongasmonthsandyears。
　　Amongmanyotherartsandexcellencieswhichyouenjoy，Iamgladtofindthisfavouriteofminethemostpredominant，thatyouchoosethisforyourwife，thoughyouhavehundredsofotherartsforyourconcubines；thoughyouknowthem，andbegetsonsuponthemall（towhichyouarerichenoughtoallowgreatlegacies），yettheissueofthisseemstobedesignedbyyoutothemainoftheestate；youhavetakenmostpleasureinit，andbestowedmostchargesuponitseducation，andIdoubtnottoseethatbookwhichyouarepleasedtopromisetotheworld，andofwhichyouhavegivenusalargeearnestinyourcalendar，asaccomplishedasanythingcanbeexpectedfromanextraordinarywitandnoordinaryexpensesandalongexperience。
　　Iknownobodythatpossessesmoreprivatehappinessthanyoudoinyourgarden，andyetnomanwhomakeshishappinessmorepublicbyafreecommunicationoftheartandknowledgeofittoothers。AllthatImyselfamableyettodoisonlytorecommendtomankindthesearchofthatfelicitywhichyouinstructthemhowtofindandtoenjoy。
　　I。
　　HappyartthouwhomGoddoesblessWiththefullchoiceofthineownhappiness；
　　Andhappieryet，becausethou’rtblessedWithprudencehowtochoosethebest。
　　Inbooksandgardensthouhastplacedaright，—
　　Thingswhichthouwelldostunderstand，Andbothdostmakewiththylaborioushand—
　　Thynoble，innocentdelight，Andinthyvirtuouswife，wherethouagaindostmeetBothpleasuresmorerefinedandsweet：
　　Thefairestgardeninherlooks，Andinhermindthewisestbooks。
　　Oh!whowouldchangethesesoft，yetsolidjoys，Foremptyshowsandsenselessnoise，Andallwhichrankambitionbreeds，Whichseemsuchbeauteousflowers，andaresuchpoisonousweeds!
　　II。
　　WhenGoddidmantohisownlikenessmake，Asmuchasclay，thoughofthepurestkindBytheGreatPotter’sartrefined，CouldtheDivineimpressiontake，HethoughtitfittoplacehimwhereAkindofheaven，too，didappear，Asfarasearthcouldsuchalikenessbear。
　　ThatMannohappinessmightwant，Whichearthtoherfirstmastercouldafford，HedidagardenforhimplantBythequickhandofhisomnipotentword，Asthechiefhelpandjoyofhumanlife，Hegavehimthefirstgift；first，even，beforeawife。
　　III。
　　ForGod，theuniversalarchitect，’ThadbeenaseasytoerectALouvre，orEscurial，oratowerThatmightwithheavencommunicationhold，AsBabelvainlythoughttodoofold。
　　Hewantednottheskillorpower，Intheworld’sfabricthosewereshown，Andthematerialswereallhisown。
　　ButwellheknewwhatplacewouldbestagreeWithinnocenceandwithfelicity；
　　Andweelsewherestillseekfortheminvain。
　　Ifanypartofeitheryetremain，Ifanypartofeitherweexpect，Thismayourjudgmentinthesearchdirect；
　　Godthefirstgardenmade，andthefirstcity，Cain。
　　IV。
　　Oh，blessedshades!Oh，gentle，coolretreatFromalltheimmoderateheat，Inwhichthefranticworlddoesburnandsweat!
　　Thisdoesthelion—star，Ambition’srage；
　　ThisAvarice，thedog—star’sthirstassuage；
　　Everywhereelsetheirfatalpowerwesee，Theymakeandruleman’swretcheddestiny；
　　Theyneithersetnordisappear，Buttyranniseo’eralltheyear；
　　Whilstwene’erfeeltheirflameorinfluencehere。
　　Thebirdsthatdancefromboughtobough，Andsingaboveineverytree，Arenotfromfearsandcaresmorefree，Thanwewholie，orsit，orwalkbelow，Andshouldbyrightbesingerstoo。
　　Whatprince’schoirofmusiccanexcelThatwhichwithinthisshadedoesdwell，Towhichwenothingpayorgive—
　　They，likeallotherpoets，liveWithoutrewardorthanksfortheirobligingpains。
　　’Tiswelliftheybecomenotprey。
　　Thewhistlingwindsaddtheirlessartfulstrains，Andagravebasethemurmuringfountainsplay。
　　Naturedoesallthisharmonybestow；
　　Buttoourplants，art’smusictoo，Thepipe，theorbo，andguitarweowe；
　　Theluteitself，whichoncewasgreenandmute，WhenOrpheusstrucktheinspiredlute，Thetreesdancedround，andunderstoodBysympathythevoiceofwood。
　　V。
　　Thesearethespellsthattokindsleepinvite，Andnothingdoeswithinresistancemake；
　　Whichyetwemoderatelytake；
　　Whowouldnotchoosetobeawake，Whilehe’sencompassedroundwithsuchdelight；
　　Totheear，thenose，thetouch，thetasteandsight？
　　WhenVenuswouldherdearAscaniuskeepAprisonerinthedownybandsofsleep，Sheodorousherbsandflowersbeneathhimspread，Asthemostsoftandsweetestbed；
　　Notherownlapwouldmorehavecharmedhishead。
　　WhothathasreasonandhissmellWouldnotamongrosesandjasminedwell，Ratherthanallhisspiritschoke，Withexhalationsofdirtandsmoke，AndalltheuncleannesswhichdoesdrownInpestilentialcloudsapopuloustown？
　　Theearthitselfbreathesbetterperfumeshere，Thanallthefemalemenorwomenthere，Notwithoutcause，aboutthembear。
　　VI。
　　WhenEpicurustotheworldhadtaughtThatpleasurewasthechiefestgood，（Andwasperhapsi’th’right，ifrightlyunderstood）
　　Hislifehetohisdoctrinebrought，Andinagarden’sshadethatsovereignpleasuresought。
　　Whoeveratrueepicurewouldbe，Maytherefindcheapandvirtuousluxury。
　　Vitelliushistable，whichdidholdAsmanycreaturesastheArkofold，Thatfiscaltable，towhicheverydayAllcountriesdidaconstanttributepay，CouldnothingmoredeliciousaffordThanNature’sliberality，Helpedwithalittleartandindustry，Allowsthemeanestgardener’sboard。
　　ThewantontastenofishorfowlcanchooseForwhichthegrapeormelonshewouldlose，ThoughalltheinhabitantsofseaandairBelistedintheglutton’sbilloffare；
　　YetstillthefruitsofearthweseePlacedthethirdstoreyhighinallherluxury。
　　VII。
　　Butwithnosensethegardendoescomply，Nonecourtsorflatters，asitdoestheeye；
　　WhenthegreatHebrewkingdidalmoststrainThewondroustreasuresofhiswealthandbrainHisroyalsouthernguesttoentertain，Though，sheonsilverfloorsdidtread，WithbrightAssyriancarpetsonthemspreadTohidethemetal’spoverty；
　　Thoughshelookeduptoroofsofgold，AndnoughtaroundhercouldbeholdButsilkandrichembroidery，AndBabyloniantapestry，AndwealthyHiram’sprincelydye：
　　ThoughOphir’sstarrystonesmeteverywherehereye；
　　ThoughsheherselfandhergayhostweredressedWithalltheshininggloriesoftheEast；
　　Whenlavisharthercostlyworkhaddone；
　　ThehonourandtheprizeofbraveryWasbytheGardenfromthePalacewon；
　　AndeveryroseandlilytheredidstandBetterattiredbyNature’shand：
　　Thecasethusjudgedagainstthekingwesee，Byonethatwouldnotbesorich，thoughwiserfarthanhe。
　　VIII。
　　NordoesthishappyplaceonlydispenseSuchvariouspleasurestothesense：
　　Herehealthitselfdoeslive，Thatsaltoflife，whichdoestoallarelishgive，Itsstandingpleasure，andintrinsicwealth，Thebody’svirtue，andthesoul’sgoodfortune，health。
　　Thetreelife，whenitinEdenstood，Diditsimmortalheadtoheavenrear；
　　Itlastedatallcedartilltheflood；
　　Nowasmallthornyshrubitdoesappear；
　　Norwillitthrivetooeverywhere：
　　Italwayshereisfreshestseen，’Tisonlyhereanevergreen。
　　IfthroughthestrongandbeauteousfenceOftemperanceandinnocence，Andwholesomelaboursandaquietmind，Anydiseasespassagefind，TheymustnotthinkheretoassailAlandunarmed，orwithoutaguard；
　　Theymustfightforit，anddisputeithard，Beforetheycanprevail。
　　ScarceanyplantisgrowinghereWhichagainstdeathsomeweapondoesnotbear，LetcitiesboastthattheyprovideForlifetheornamentsofpride；
　　But’tisthecountryandthefieldThatfurnishitwithstaffandshield。
　　IX。
　　WheredoesthewisdomandthepowerdivineInamorebrightandsweetreflectionshine？
　　WheredowefinerstrokesandcoloursseeOftheCreator’srealpoetry，ThanwhenwewithattentionlookUponthethirdday’svolumeofthebook？
　　Ifwecouldopenandintendoureye，WealllikeMosesshouldespyEveninabushtheradiantDeity。
　　ButwedespisethesehisinferiorwaysThoughnolessfullofmiracleandpraise；
　　Upontheflowersofheavenwegaze，Thestarsofearthnowonderinusraise，ThoughtheseperhapsdomorethantheyThelifeofmankindsway。
　　AlthoughnopartofmightyNaturebeMorestoredwithbeauty，power，andmystery，Yettoencouragehumanindustry，GodhassoorderedthatnootherpartSuchspaceandsuchdominionleavesforart。
　　X。
　　Wenowhereartdosotriumphantsee，Aswhenitgraftsorbudsthetree；
　　Inotherthingswecountittoexcel，IfitadocilescholarcanappearToNature，andbutimitateherwell：
　　Itover—rules，andishermasterhere。
　　ItimitatesherMaker’spowerdivine，Andchangeshersometimes，andsometimesdoesrefine：
　　Itdoes，likegrace，thefallen—treerestoreToitsbleststateofParadisebefore：
　　WhowouldnotjoytoseehisconqueringhandO’erallthevegetableworldcommand，AndthewildgiantsofthewoodreceiveWhatlawshe’spleasedtogive？
　　Hebidstheill—naturedcrabproduceThegentlerapple’swinyjuice，Thegoldenfruitthatworthyis，OfGalatea’spurplekiss；
　　HedoesthesavagehawthornteachTobearthemedlarandthepear；
　　HebidstherusticplumtorearAnobletrunk，andbeapeach。
　　EvenDaphne’scoynesshedoesmock，Andwedsthecherrytoherstock，ThoughsherefusedApollo’ssuit，Evenshe，thatchasteandvirgintree，NowwondersatherselftoseeThatshe’samothermade，andblushesinherfruit。
　　XI。
　　MethinksIseegreatDiocletianwalkIntheSaloniangarden’snobleshade，Whichbyhisownimperialhandswasmade：
　　Iseehimsmile，methinks，ashedoestalkWiththeambassadors，whocomeinvain，Toenticehimtoathroneagain。
　　"IfI，myfriends，"saidhe，"shouldtoyoushowAllthedelightswhichinthesegardensgrow；
　　’Tislikeliermuchthatyoushouldwithmestay，Than’tisthatyoushouldcarrymeaway；
　　Andtrustmenot，myfriends，ifeverydayIwalknotherewithmoredelight，Thanever，afterthemosthappyfight，IntriumphtotheCapitolIrode，Tothankthegods，andtobethoughtmyselfalmostagod。
　　OFGREATNESS。
　　Sincewecannotattaintogreatness，saystheSieurdeMontaigne，letushaveourrevengebyrailingatit；thishespokebutinjest。
　　IbelievehedesireditnomorethanIdo，andhadlessreason，forheenjoyedsoplentifulandhonourableafortuneinamostexcellentcountry，asallowedhimalltherealconveniencesofit，separatedandpurgedfromtheincommodities。IfIwerebutinhiscondition，Ishouldthinkithardmeasure，withoutbeingconvincedofanycrime，tobesequesteredfromitandmadeoneoftheprincipalofficersofstate。ButthereadermaythinkthatwhatInowsayisofsmallauthority，becauseIneverwas，norevershallbe，puttothetrial；Icanthereforeonlymakemyprotestation。
　　IfeverImorerichesdiddesireThancleanlinessandquietdorequire；
　　Ife’erambitiondidmyfancycheat，Withanywishsomeanastobegreat，Continue，Heaven，stillfrommetoremoveThehumbleblessingsofthatlifeIlove。
　　Iknowverymanymenwilldespise，andsomepityme，forthishumour，asapoor—spiritedfellow；butIamcontent，and，likeHorace，thankGodforbeingso。Diibenefeceruntinopisme，quodquepusillifinxeruntanimi。IconfessIlovelittlenessalmostinallthings。Alittleconvenientestate，alittlecheerfulhouse，alittlecompany，andaverylittlefeast；andifIwereevertofallinloveagain（whichisagreatpassion，andthereforeIhopeI
　　havedonewithit）itwouldbe，Ithink，withprettinessratherthanwithmajesticalbeauty。Iwouldneitherwishthatmymistress，normyfortune，shouldbeabonaroba，nor，asHomerusedtodescribehisbeauties，likeadaughterofgreatJupiter，forthestatelinessandlargenessofherperson，but，asLucretiussays，"Parvula，pumilio，[Greektextwhichcannotbereproduced]，totamerumsal。"
　　Wherethereisonemanofthis，IbelievethereareathousandofSenecio’smind，whoseridiculousaffectationofgrandeurSenecatheelderdescribestothiseffect。Seneciowasamanofaturbidandconfusedwit，whocouldnotenduretospeakanybutmightywordsandsentences，tillthishumourgrewatlastintosonotoriousahabit，orratherdisease，asbecamethesportofthewholetown：hewouldhavenoservantsbuthugemassyfellows，noplateorhouseholdstuffbutthriceasbigasthefashion；youmaybelieveme，forIspeakitwithoutraillery，hisextravagancycameatlastintosuchamadnessthathewouldnotputonapairofshoeseachofwhichwasnotbigenoughforbothhisfeet；hewouldeatnothingbutwhatwasgreat，nortouchanyfruitbuthorse—plumsandpound—pears。Hekeptaconcubinethatwasaverygiantess，andmadeherwalk，too，alwaysinachiopins，tillatlasthegotthesurnameofSenecioGrandio，which，Messalasaid，wasnothiscognomen，buthiscognomentum。
　　WhenhedeclaimedforthethreehundredLacedaemonians，whoalsoopposedXerxes’armyofabovethreehundredthousand，hestretchedouthisarmsandstoodontiptoes，thathemightappearthetaller，andcriedoutinaveryloudvoice，"Irejoice，Irejoice!"Wewondered，Iremember，whatnewgreatfortunehadbefallenhiseminence。"Xerxes，"sayshe，"isallmineown。Hewhotookawaythesightoftheseawiththecanvasveilsofsomanyships……"
　　andthenhegoesonso，asIknownotwhattomakeoftherest，whetheritbethefaultoftheedition，ortheorator’sownburlywayofnonsense。
　　ThisisthecharacterthatSenecagivesofthishyperbolicalfop，whomwestandamazedat，andyetthereareveryfewmenwhoarenot，insomethings，andtosomedegree，grandios。Isanythingmorecommonthantoseeourladiesofqualitywearsuchhighshoesastheycannotwalkinwithoutonetoleadthem？andagownaslongagainastheirbody，sothattheycannotstirtothenextroomwithoutapageortwotoholditup？Imaysafelysaythatalltheostentationofourgrandeesisjustlikeatrain，ofnouseintheworld，buthorriblycumbersomeandincommodious。Whatisallthisbutspiceofgrandio？Howtediouswouldthisbeifwewerealwaysboundtoit？Idobelievethereisnokingwhowouldnotratherbedeposedthanendureeverydayofhisreignalltheceremoniesofhiscoronation。Themightiestprincesaregladtoflyoftenfromthesemajesticpleasures（whichis，methinks，nosmalldisparagementtothem），asitwereforrefuge，tothemostcontemptibledivertisementsandmeanestrecreationsofthevulgar，nay，evenofchildren。Oneofthemostpowerfulandfortunateprincesoftheworldoflate，couldfindoutnodelightsosatisfactoryasthekeepingoflittlesingingbirds，andhearingofthemandwhistlingtothem。Whatdidtheemperorsofthewholeworld？Ifeveranymenhadthefreeandfullenjoymentofallhumangreatness（nay，thatwouldnotsuffice，fortheywouldbegodstoo）theycertainlypossessedit；andyetoneofthem，whostyledhimself"LordandGodoftheEarth，"couldnottellhowtopasshiswholedaypleasantly，withoutspendingconstanttwoorthreehoursincatchingofflies，andkillingthemwithabodkin，asifhisgodshiphadbeenBeelzebub。Oneofhispredecessors，Nero（whoneverputanybounds，normetwithanystoptohisappetite），coulddiverthimselfwithnopastimemoreagreeablethantorunaboutthestreetsallnightinadisguise，andabusethewomenandaffrontthemenwhomhemet，andsometimestobeatthem，andsometimestobebeatenbythem。Thiswasoneofhisimperialnocturnalpleasures；hischiefestinthedaywastosingandplayuponafiddle，inthehabitofaminstrel，uponthepublicstage；hewasprouderofthegarlandsthatweregiventohisdivinevoice（astheycalleditthen）inthosekindofprizes，thanallhisforefatherswereoftheirtriumphsovernations。Hedidnotathisdeathcomplainthatsomightyanemperor，andthelastofalltheCaesarianraceofdeities，shouldbebroughttososhamefulandmiserableanend，butonlycriedout，"Alas!whatpityitisthatsoexcellentamusicianshouldperishinthismanner!"
　　HisuncleClaudiusspenthalfhistimeatplayingatdice；thatwasthemainfruitofhissovereignty。IomitthemadnessesofCaligula’sdelights，andtheexecrablesordidnessofthoseofTiberius。WouldonethinkthatAugustushimself，thehighestandmostfortunateofmankind，apersonendowedtoowithmanyexcellentpartsofnature，shouldbesohardputtoitsometimesforwantofrecreations，astobefoundplayingatnutsandbounding—stoneswithlittleSyrianandMoorishboys，whosecompanyhetookdelightin，fortheirpratingandtheirwantonness？
　　Wasitforthis，thatRome’sbestbloodhespilt，Withsomuchfalsehood，somuchguilt？
　　WasitforthisthathisambitionstroveToequalCaesarfirst，andafterJove？
　　Greatnessisbarrensureofsolidjoys；
　　Hermerchandise，Ifear，isallintoys；
　　Shecouldnotelsesuresouncivilbe，Totreathisuniversalmajesty，HisnewcreatedDeity，Withnutsandbounding—stonesandboys。
　　Butwemustexcuseherforthismeagreentertainment；shehasnotreallywherewithaltomakesuchfeastsasweimagine；herguestsmustbecontentedsometimeswithbutslendercates，andwiththesamecoldmeatsservedoverandoveragain，eventilltheybecomenauseous。Whenyouhaveparedawayallthevanity，whatsolidandnaturalcontentmentdoesthereremainwhichmaynotbehadwithfivehundredpoundsayear？notsomanyservantsorhorses，butafewgoodones，whichwilldoallthebusinessaswell；notsomanychoicedishesateverymeal；butatseveralmealsallofthem，whichmakesthemboththemorehealthyanddinemorepleasant；notsorichgarmentsnorsofrequentchanges，butaswarmandascomely，andsofrequentchange，too，asiseveryjotasgoodforthemaster，thoughnotforthetailororvalet—de—chambre；notsuchastatelypalace，norgiltrooms，northecostliersortsoftapestry，butaconvenientbrickhouse，withdecentwainscotandprettyforest—workhangings。
　　Lastly（forIomitallotherparticulars，andwillendwiththatwhichIlovemostinbothconditions），notwholewoodscutinwalks，norvastparks，norfountainorcascadegardens，butherbandflowerandfruitgardens，whicharemoreuseful，andthewatereverywhitasclearandwholesomeasifitdartedfromthebreastsofamarblenymphortheurnofariver—god。Ifforallthisyoulikebetterthesubstanceofthatformerestateoflife，dobutconsidertheinseparableaccidentsofboth：servitude，disquiet，danger，andmostcommonlyguilt，inherentintheone；intheother，liberty，tranquillity，security，andinnocence：andwhenyouhavethoughtuponthis，youwillconfessthattobeatruthwhichappearedtoyoubeforebutaridiculousparadox，thatalowfortuneisbetterguardedandattendedthanahighone。Ifindeed，welookonlyupontheflourishingheadofthetree，itappearsamostbeautifulobject。
　　—SedquantumverticeadaurasAEtherias，tantumradiceadTartaratendit。
　　Asfaruptowardsheaventhebranchesgrow，Sofartherootsinksdowntohellbelow。
　　Anotherhorribledisgracetogreatnessis，thatitisforthemostpartinpitifulwantanddistress。Whatawonderfulthingisthis，unlessitdegenerateintoavarice，andsoceasetobegreatness。Itfallsperpetuallyintosuchnecessitiesasdriveitintoallthemeanestandmostsordidwaysofborrowing，cozenage，androbbery，Mancipiislocopules，egetarisCappadocumRex。Thisisthecaseofalmostallgreatmen，aswellasofthepoorKingofCappadocia。
　　Theyaboundwithslaves，butareindigentofmoney。TheancientRomanemperors，whohadtherichesofthewholeworldfortheirrevenue，hadwherewithaltolive，onewouldhavethought，prettywellatease，andtohavebeenexemptfromthepressuresofextremepoverty。Butyetwithmostofthemitwasmuchotherwise，andtheyfellperpetuallyintosuchmiserablepenury，thattheywereforcedtodevourorsqueezemostoftheirfriendsandservants，tocheatwithinfamousprojects，toransackandpillagealltheirprovinces。
　　Thisfashionofimperialgrandeurisimitatedbyallinferiorandsubordinatesortsofit，asifitwereapointofhonour。Theymustbecheatedofathirdpartoftheirestates，twootherthirdstheymustexpendinvanity，sothattheyremaindebtorsforallthenecessaryprovisionsoflife，andhavenowaytosatisfythosedebtsbutoutofthesuccoursandsuppliesofrapine；"asrichesincrease，"saysSolomon，"sodothemouthsthatdevourit。"Themastermouthhasnomorethanbefore；theowner，methinks，islikeGenusinthefable，whoisperpetuallywindingaropeofhayandanassattheendperpetuallyeatingit。Outoftheseinconveniencesarisesnaturallyonemore，whichis，thatnogreatnesscanbesatisfiedorcontentedwithitself：still，ifitcouldmountupalittlehigher，itwouldbehappy；ifitcouldbutgainthatpoint，itwouldobtainallitsdesires；butyetatlast，whenitisgotuptotheverytopofthepeakofTeneriffe，itisinverygreatdangerofbreakingitsneckdownwards，butinnopossibilityofascendingupwardsintotheseatoftranquillityabovethemoon。Thefirstambitiousmenintheworld，theoldgiants，aresaidtohavemadeanheroicalattemptofscalingHeavenindespiteofthegods，andtheycastOssauponOlympusandPelionuponOssa，twoorthreemountainsmoretheythoughtwouldhavedonetheirbusiness，butthethunderspoiledalltheworkwhentheywerecomeuptothethirdstorey；
　　Andwhatanobleplotwascrossed，Andwhatabravedesignwaslost。
　　Afamouspersonoftheiroffspring，thelategiantofournation，when，fromtheconditionofaveryinconsiderablecaptain，hehadmadehimselflieutenant—generalofanarmyoflittleTitans，whichwashisfirstmountain；andafterwardsgeneral，whichwashissecond；andafterthatabsolutetyrantofthreekingdoms，whichwasthethird，andalmosttouchedtheheavenwhichheaffected；isbelievedtohavediedwithgriefanddiscontentbecausehecouldnotattaintothehonestnameofaking，andtheoldformalityofacrown，thoughhehadbeforeexceededthepowerbyawickedusurpation。Ifhecouldhavecompassedthat，hewouldperhapshavewantedsomethingelsethatisnecessarytofelicity，andpinedawayforthewantofthetitleofanemperororagod。Thereasonofthisis，thatgreatnesshasnorealityinnature，butisacreatureofthefancy——anotionthatconsistsonlyinrelationandcomparison。Itisindeedanidol；butSt。Paulteachesusthatanidolisnothingintheworld。Thereisintruthnorisingormeridianofthesun，butonlyinrespecttoseveralplaces：thereisnorightorleft，noupperhandinnature；everythingislittleandeverythingisgreataccordingasitisdiverselycompared。
　　TheremaybeperhapssomevillagesinScotlandorIrelandwhereI
　　mightbeagreatman；andinthatcaseIshouldbelikeCaesar——youwouldwonderhowCaesarandIshouldbelikeoneanotherinanything——andchooserathertobethefirstmanofthevillagethansecondatRome。OurCountryiscalledGreatBritain，inregardonlyofalesserofthesamename；itwouldbebutaridiculousepithetforitwhenweconsiderittogetherwiththekingdomofChina。
　　That，too，isbutapitifulroodofgroundincomparisonofthewholeearthbesides；andthiswholeglobeofearth，whichweaccountsoimmenseabody，isbutonepointoratominrelationtothosenumberlessworldsthatarescatteredupanddownintheinfinitespaceoftheskywhichwebehold。TheothermanyinconveniencesofgrandeurIhavespokenofdispersedlyinseveralchapters，andshallendthiswithanodeofHorace，notexactlycopiedbutrudelyimitated。
　　HORACE。LIB。3。ODE1。
　　Odiprofanumvulgus，etc。
　　I。
　　Hence，yeprofane；Ihateyeall；
　　Boththegreatvulgar，andthesmall。
　　Tovirginminds，whichyettheirnativewhitenesshold，Notyetdiscolouredwiththeloveofgold（Thatjaundiceofthesoul，Whichmakesitlooksogildedandsofoul），Toyou，yeveryfew，thesetruthsItell；
　　Themuseinspiresmysong，hark，andobserveitwell。
　　II。
　　Welookonmen，andwonderatsuchodds’Twixtthingsthatwerethesamebybirth；
　　Welookonkingsasgiantsoftheearth，Thesegiantsarebutpigmiestothegods。
　　ThehumblestbushandproudestoakArebutofequalproofagainstthethunder—stroke。
　　Beautyandstrength，andwit，andwealth，andpowerHavetheirshortflourishinghour，Andlovetoseethemselves，andsmile，Andjoyintheirpre—eminenceawhile；
　　Evensointhesameland，Poorweeds，richcorn，gayflowerstogetherstand；
　　Alas，deathmowsdownallwithanimpartialhand。
　　III。
　　Andallyoumen，whomgreatnessdoessoplease，Yefeast，Ifear，likeDamocles。
　　Ifyouyoureyescouldupwardsmove，（Butyou，Ifear，thinknothingisabove）
　　YouwouldperceivebywhatalittlethreadTheswordstillhangsoveryourhead。
　　Notideofwinewoulddrownyourcares，Nomirthormusicover—noiseyourfears；
　　Thefearofdeathwouldyousowatchfulkeep，Asnottoadmittheimageofit，sleep。
　　IV。
　　Sleepisagodtooproudtowaitinpalaces；
　　Andyetsohumble，too，asnottoscornThemeanestcountrycottages；
　　Hispoppygrowsamongthecorn。
　　ThehalcyonsleepwillneverbuildhisnestInanystormybreast。
　　’TisnotenoughthathedoesfindCloudsanddarknessintheirmind；
　　Darknessbuthalfhisworkwilldo，’Tisnotenough；hemustfindquiettoo。
　　V。
　　Themanwho，inallwisheshedoesmake，DoesonlyNature’scounseltake，ThatwiseandhappymanwillneverfearTheevilaspectsoftheyear，Nortremble，thoughtwocometsshouldappear。
　　Hedoesnotlookinalmanackstosee，Whetherhefortunateshallbe；
　　LetMarsandSaturnintheheavensconjoin，Andwhattheypleaseagainsttheworlddesign，SoJupiterwithinhimshine。
　　VII。
　　Ifoftheirpleasuresanddesiresnoendbefound；
　　Godtotheircaresandfearswillsetnobound。
　　Whatwouldcontentyou？Whocantell？
　　YefearsomuchtolosewhatyouhavegotAsifyelikeditwell。
　　Yestriveformore，asifyelikeditnot。
　　Go，levelhills，andfillupseas，Sparenoughtthatmayyourwantonfancyplease；
　　Buttrustme，whenyouhavedoneallthis，Muchwillbemissingstill，andmuchwillbeamiss。
　　OFAVARICE。
　　Therearetwosortsofavarice；theoneisbutofabastardkind；
　　andthatis，therapaciousappetiteofgain，notforitsownsake，butforthepleasureofrefundingitimmediatelythroughallthechannelsofprideandluxury。Theotheristhetruekind，andproperlysocalled；whichisarestlessandunsatiabledesireofriches，notforanyfurtherendofuse，butonlytohoard，andpreserve，andperpetuallyincreasethem。Thecovetousmanofthefirstkindislikeagreedyostrich，whichdevoursanymetal，butitiswithanintenttofeeduponit，andineffectitmakesashifttodigestandexcernit。Thesecondislikethefoolishchough，whichlovestostealmoneyonlytohideit。Thefirstdoesmuchharmtomankind，andalittlegoodtoo，tosomefew。Theseconddoesgoodtonone；no，nottohimself。ThefirstcanmakenoexcusetoGod，orangels，orrationalmenforhisactions。Thesecondcangivenoreasonorcolour，nottothedevilhimself，forwhathedoes：heisaslavetoMammonwithoutwages。Thefirstmakesashifttobebeloved；aye，andenvied，too，bysomepeople。Thesecondistheuniversalobjectofhatredandcontempt。Thereisnovicehasbeensopeltedwithgoodsentences，andespeciallybythepoets，whohavepursueditwithstoriesandfables，andallegoriesandallusions；
　　andmoved，aswesay，everystonetoflingatit，amongallwhich，I
　　donotrememberamorefineandgentlemen—likecorrectionthanthatwhichwasgivenitbyonelineofOvid’s。
　　Desuntluxuriaemalta，avaritiaeomnia。
　　Muchiswantingtoluxury；alltoavariceTowhichsayingIhaveamindtoaddonememberandrenderitthus：—
　　Povertywantssome，luxurymany，avariceallthings。
　　Somebodysaysofavirtuousandwiseman，thathavingnothing，hehasall。Thisisjusthisantipode，who，havingallthings，yethasnothing。Heisaguardianeunuchtohisbelovedgold：Audivieosamatoresessemaximossednilpotesse。Theyarethefondestlovers，butimpotenttoenjoy。
　　And，oh，whatman’sconditioncanbeworseThanhis，whomplentystarves，andblessingscurse？
　　Thebeggarsbutacommonfatedeplore，Therichpoorman’semphaticallypoor。